“STUDY OF CAR MECHATRONICS”

“A RESEARCH AND REVIEW PAPER UNDER THE CONCEPT OF MECHATRONICS”

Mr. Muhammad Danish mohddanish_hussain@yahoo.com

Md. Akhlak Ahmed danishsaints@gmail.com

All Saints’ College Of Technology, Bhopal (MP)

ABSTRACT

Mechanical engineering is one of the most professional branches which experience a surge growth in early 19th century, as it was the backbone of industrial growth and revolution. But with the passage of time leading to advancement in technology and enhancement in productivity, mechanical found difficult to fulfill the demands, whims and fancies .Therefore it employed electronics engg, giving birth to the most blockbuster and stupendous branch of engineering which we calling as mechatronics.Mechatronics is a synergetic integration of mechanical, electrical, computer science .Mechatronics is everywhere such as automobiles, robotics, pumps and many more. Our presentation lays emphasis on how Mechatronics proved to be a boon in the world of car. Modern vehicle design is driven by the need for increased comfort, safety and security. As a result automobiles are becoming intelligent and increasingly reliant on electronics by offering compact, highly advanced components and modules used in communication, safety, information power train systems, radio frequency and sensing technologies. With growing numbers of cars on roads and increasing technologies in modern automobiles, there is an urgent need for automotive engineers with knowledge of technologically advanced, modern engines. “Car Mechatronics is a step to offer ready-to-market talent pool to support the growing needs

of the Indian automotive market.” INTRODUCTION OF MECHATRONICS

Modern vehicle design is driven by the need for increased comfort, safety and security. As a result automobiles are becoming intelligent and increasingly reliant on electronics by offering compact, highly advanced components and modules used in communication, safety, information power train systems, radio frequency and sensing technologies.

With the convergence of advanced in-vehicle electronics, communication-technology, the automobiles of today is undergoing a completer-invention. In recent years, the industry has seen unprecedented global competition.

Definition of Mechatronics: The word, Mechatronics, is composed of “mecha” from

mechanical and the “tronics” from electronics.

In other words, technologies and developed products will be incorporating electronics

more and more into mechanisms.

.

A methodology is a collection of practices, procedures and rules by those who work in a

particular branch of knowledge or discipline. The familiar technological disciplines include

mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and computer science and information

technology.

MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

ANTILOCK BRAKES SYSTEM (ABS) Antilock Brakes are essentially an enhanced or improved version of ordinary brakes. Simply put, the antilock brake system is designed to prevent the brakes from locking up and skidding when braking hard or when braking on wet or slick surfaces. This adds a significant margin of safety for everyday driving by preventing dangerous skids and allowing the driver to maintain steering control while trying to stop

AUTOMOTIVE STEERING The means by which a motor vehicle is controlled about the vertical axis.

FUNDAMENTAL OF SENSORS Sensors are located strategically at various locations in the engine. These sensors measure/sense the present operating conditions of the engine and pass on the information to ECU for processing. TYPES OF SENSORS: 1. Temperature 2. Pressure 3. Position 4. Speed 5. Potentiometer INPUT OUTPUT OF SENSOR:

BASIC LAYOUT

SENSOR INPUT ACTUATOR OUTPUT

• ACCL. PEDAL SENSOR

• CRUISE CONTROL SWITCH

• COOLANT TEMPERATURE

• VEHICLE SPEED

• BRAKE PEDAL POSITION

• CLUTCH PEDAL POSITION

• DIESEL TEMPERATURE

• A/C REQUEST SWITCH

FUEL INJECTOR

PUMP METERING UNIT E C U

ENGINE CHECK LAMP DIAGNOSTIC OUTLET

ENGINE MAP

DIAGNOSTIC EXECUTIVE/

FAULT MEMORY

EGR MODULATOR

TEMPERATURE GAUGE HIGH TEMP LAMP

TACHOMETER

A/C COMPRESSOR RELAY

GLOW PLUG RELAY

• ENGINE SPEED

• MASS AIR FLOW

• MANIFOLD AIR TEMP

• RAIL PRESSURE

• CAM PHASE SENSOR

ABS wheel sensor The principle of operation of many ABS wheel sensors is the same as for the crank sensor. However, the purpose for which it is used is somewhat different. To obtain the most effective braking, and to allow the driver to retain control of the vehicle, the wheels should not lock under braking.

KNOCK SENSOR: The Knock Sensor detects engine knock and sends a voltage signal to the ECM. The ECM uses the Knock Sensor signal to control timing

OXYGEN\LAMDA SENSOR: An automotive oxygen sensor, also known as an O2 sensor, lambda probe, lambda sensor or EGO (exhaust gas oxygen) sensor, is a small sensor inserted into the exhaust system of a petrol engine to measure the concentration of oxygen remaining in the exhaust gas to allow an electronic control unit (ECU) to control the efficiency of the combustion process in the engine

How the ECU uses oxygen sensor data

CRANK POSITION SENSOR: This is now the most common method of determining engine speed on a modern engine. It is comprised of a disk mounted on or machined into the flywheel/front pulley that turns with the engine.

ACCELERATOR PEDAL-THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR

The throttle position sensor (TPS) responds to the accelerator pedal movement

INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE (IAT) SENSOR The IAT detects the temperature of the incoming air stream. On vehicles equipped with a MAP sensor, the IAT is located in an intake air passage.

CONCLUSION

After having a deep and crystal clear study of Mechatronics, focusing all its details, we find that it is like a blessing of science and technology on mankind providing safety, security, whims and fancies to life. It is like a sea entangling mechanical, electrical, electronics and computer science, thereby-:

“ESTABLISHING THE REGIN OF VIRTUE IN THE WORLD AND IN THE CHAPTER OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING”

References:-

1. Engineering Thermodynamics by P.K.Nag

2. I.C.Engine by V.Ganeshan and Sharma-Mathur

3. Automotive Mechanics-Corse and Anglin

4. SAE INDIA journals

5. Roy bainer, Kepler R.A. and Barger-Principles of MECHATRONICS 6. www.carmechatronicsinde.com