ap government unit 2 political beliefs and behaviors
TRANSCRIPT
AP Government UNIT 2
Political Beliefs and Behaviors
POLITICAL CULTURE
1. Definition
2. 10 Characteristics of American Culture
DON’T TOUCH!
IDEOLOGY and PUBLIC POLICY
1. BackgroundA. Ideology Definition
B. Ideologues
IDEOLOGY and PUBLIC POLICY
2. LiberalismA. Classical vs. Modern
B. Peak 1930-1970
C. Decline 1980-1990
D. Neoliberals
IDEOLOGY and PUBLIC POLICY
3. Conservatism
A. = Classical liberalism
B. Resurgence since 1970s
C. Neoconservatives/ New Right
1. Social
2. Economic
3. Foreign Policy
IDEOLOGY and PUBLIC POLICY
4. Socialism
5. Libertarianism
PUBLIC OPINION
I. Types of Publics
Who is paying attention?
PUBLIC OPINION
II. Types of Opinions
Death Penalty
Presidential Popularity
Military Draft
Abortion
Gun ControlBalanced Budget
Building Codes
ERA
PUBLIC OPINION
III. Measurements of Public Opinion
a. Election- but why?
b. Straw polls- inaccurate
c. Scientific polls
1. Construction
2. Use
3. Abuse of Polls
PUBLIC OPINION
IV. Public Awareness and Interest in Politics
POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION
I. Definition
II. 8 Agents of socialization
VOTER TURNOUT
I. Historical qualifications for suffrage
VOTER TURNOUT
II. Current Qualifications (set by states)
A. Citizenship
B. Residency
C. Age
D. Registration (except ND)
VOTER TURNOUT
III. Voter turnout in the US vs. other countries
A. Turnout in various elections…
B. Why the other Western nations have higher turnouts- around 90%:
1. Penalties
2. Multi-party system
3. Registration
VOTER TURNOUT
IV. Reasons for low voter turnoutA. Institutional barriers 1. Registration - Motor Voter Registration Act2. Long Ballot3. Type of Election4. Absentee Ballot 5. Ballot Fatigue - too many elections 6. Young people
B. 4 Political Reasons: efficacy, candidates, no competition, mobilization efforts
VOTER TURNOUT
V. Who Votes?
A. Characteristics of likely voters- EDUCATED,older, white, wealthy
B. Does low turnout matter? YES and NO
FACTORS AFFECTING VOTER BEHAVIOR
7 Factors
1. Geography
2. Strong Presidential candidates (coattail effect)
3. Timing (realignment, midterms)
4. Party Affiliation (strongest)
5. Demographics
FACTORS AFFECTING VOTER BEHAVIOR
Demographics Continued:
A. Sex
B. Race
C. Social Class
D. Religion
I like Cheney!
Hillary ‘08
VS.Rep.
Dems
FACTORS AFFECTING VOTER BEHAVIOR
6. IssuesRetrospective - are you better off today than you were four years agovs. Prospective- looking ahead at how a candidate will handle something
7. Candidate Appeal8. Residency in Florida (in 2000 1,000 people voted for
all 10 prez candidates, 700 voted for both Bush and Gore, 3600 voted for all 10 except Bush, 700 voted for all 10 except Gore
CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS
1. IntroA. Schedule
B. Terms
C. Term limits = No-No
D. Single Member Districts
CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS
2. Primary ElectionsA. Progressive Reform
B. Types1. Closed - registered only
2. Open- pick party primary
3. Blanket- free love
CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS
3. Factors Affecting Outcome of Congressional ElectionsA. Incumbency- the greatest influence
= Permanent congress• The Incumbency Advantage
1. Franking Privilege2. Staff3. Patronage4. Gerrymandering = safe seats5. Committee Service6. Name recognition: Duncan Hunter vs. Whats His Name7. Casework8. Pork Barrel9. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Frank the mailman
Contains work for the district
CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS
3. Factors Affecting Outcome of Congressional Elections Continued
B. Type of Elections• Incumbent Campaign• Weak Challenger• Strong Challenger• Open Seat- think of musical chairs• House vs Senate• Midterms = bad for President
Somebody fill me!
I have no chance
Oh, my poor opponent!
I can do it!
CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS
3. Factors Affecting Outcome of Congressional Elections Continued
C. Coattail EffectD. MediaE. Party AffiliationF. Issues- scandals anyone?G. Campaign ConsultantsH. Technology
PATH TO THE PRESIDENCYPath To The Presidency
Invisible PrimaryUnofficial campaignLots of time in Iowaand New Hampshire
Declaration of Candidacy
IOWA1st Caucus
"Select Delegates"Local to DistrictDistrict to StateState to National
CAUCUSES
Pick delegatesFor Convention
Method 1
SUPER TUESDAYSouthen Regional Primary
FRONT LOADING
NEW HAMPSHIRE1st Primary
"Delegate Selection Primary"Vote for Delegates
"Beauty Contest Primary"Vote for candidate
Party Picks Delegates
PRIMARIES
Pick DelegatesFor Convention
Method 2
Party Platform
Select VP"Balance the Ticket"
Formal Selection of Nominee
Convention
Nomination Phase Fall Campaign
Inaguration
Formal Election
Meeting of Electors
Election Day
PATH TO THE PRESIDENCY
Pros of Nominating System
Cons of Nominating System
CAMPAIGN FINANCE
Vocab to start our discussion:1. Soft money- money given to party for party building purposes2. Hard Money- money given to candidate for election3. Independent expenditure- unlimited funds spent by
individual. Actions cannot be coordinated with candidate or campaign
4. Disclosure- reporting sources of funding5. Contribution- bills you drop on a candidate6. PACs- Political Action Committee ( a group affiliated with an
organization whose job is to work on campaigns and support candidates)
CAMPAIGN FINANCE
1. Federal Election Campaign Acts 1971-74Main Provisions:
• DISCLOSURE• SUBSIDIES• LIMITATIONS- $1000 per candidate, per election ,
$5000 for PAC contributions
BUCKLEY V. VALEO (1976) and its interpretation of FECA
CAMPAIGN FINANCE
2. Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (McCain- Feingold Bill)
A. Bans Soft Money to the National PartiesB. Limits amount and use of soft money to the state
parties ($10,000 and GOTV)C. Doubles individual “hard money” donations ($2000
and tied to inflation)D. No change for PACsE. Unions and Corporations banned from soft money
contributions
CAMPAIGN FINANCE
Ways around McCain-Feingold
QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
CAMPAIGN FINANCE
3. ANALYSIS- points to ponderA. No subsidies for congressional candidatesB. No limits on Congressional spendingC. No limits on Independent Expenditures (527 groups
like swift boat veterans)D. Lack of subsidies for Minor Party prez candidatesE. Candidate-centered campaigns- whose power suffers
as a result of this?F. Growth of PACs- their $ goes to incumbentsG. Presidential candidates can opt out of funds and not
abide by spending limits