APPENDIX B:

Species Lists for Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge,Stillwater Wildlife Management Area, andFallon National Wildlife Refuge

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BIRD SPECIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

MAMMAL SPECIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-11

REPTILE AND AMPHIBIAN SPECIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-14

FISH SPECIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-16

SAND OBLIGATE INVERTEBRATE SPECIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-18

BUTTERFLY SPECIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-19

WETLAND INVERTEBRATE SPECIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-21

WETLAND PLANT SPECIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-23

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B-1

BIRD SPECIESOF

STILLWATER NWR, STILLWATER WMA, AND FALLON NWR

Systematic List

ORDERFAMILYSubfamily/Tribe

Common name Genus species Occurrence

~ - nonnative C - commonER - extremely rare

or accidentalR - rareU - uncommon* - nest locally

A - accidental

GAVIIFORMES

GAVIIDAE: LOONS

Pacific loon Gavia arctica RCommon loon Gavia immer R

PODICIPEDIIFORMES

PODICIPEDIDAE: GREBES

Clark's grebe Aechmophorus clarkii * CWestern grebe Aechmophorus occidentalis * CHorned grebe Podiceps auritus REared grebe Podiceps nigricollis * CPied-billed grebe Podilymbus podiceps * C

PELECANIFORMES

PELECANIDAE: PELICANS

American white pelican Pelecanus erythrorhyncos * CBrown pelican Pelecanus occidentalis A

PHALACROCORACIDAE: CORMORANTS

Double-crested cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus * C

B-2

CICONIIFORMES

ARDEIDAE: HERONS

Great blue heron Ardea herodias * CAmerican bittern Botaurus lentiginosus * UCattle egret Bubulcus ibis * UGreen-backed heron Butorides striatus RGreat egret Casmerodius albus * CSnowy egret Egretta thula * CLeast bittern Ixobrychus exilis * RBlack-crowned night heron Nycticorax nycticorax * C

CICONIIDAE: STORKS

Marabou stork Leptotilos crumeniferus ER (escapee)Wood stork Mycteria americana ER

PHOENICOPTERIDAE: FLAMINGOS

~American flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber ER (escapee)

THRESKIORNITHIDAE: IBISES AND SPOONBILLS

White faced ibis Plegadis chihi * C

ANSERIFORMES

ANATIDAE: SWANS, GEESE, AND DUCKS

Dendrocygnini: fulvous whistling ducks

Fulvous whistling duck Dendrocygna bicolor A

Cygnini: swans

Trumpeter swan Cygnus buccinator RTundra swan Cygnus columbianus C

Anserini: geese

Greater white-fronted goose Anser albifrons UBrant Branta bernicla RCanada goose Branta canadensis Lesser var. parvipes C Great Basin var. moffitti * C Cackler var. minima U Aleutian var. leucopareia RSnow goose Chen caerulescens CRoss' goose Chen rossii U

B-3

Anatinae: ducks

Wood duck Aix sponsa * UNorthern pintail Anas acuta * CAmerican wigeon Anas americana * CNorthern shoveler Anas clypeata * CGreen-winged teal Anas crecca * CCinnamon teal Anas cyanoptera * CBlue-winged teal Anas discors * UEurasian wigeon Anas penelope RMallard Anas platyrhynchos * CAmerican black duck Anas rubripes AGadwall Anas strepera * CLesser scaup Aythya affinis URedhead Aythya americana * CRing-necked duck Aythya collaris UGreater scaup Aythya marila RCanvasback Aythya valisineria * CBufflehead Brucephala albeola CCommon goldeneye Brucephala clangula UBarrow's goldeneye Bucephala islandica ROldsquaw Clangula hyemalis RHooded merganser Lophodytes cucullatus UWhite-winged scoter Melanitta fusca RSurf scoter Melanitta perspicillata RCommon merganser Mergus merganser CRed-breasted merganser Mergus serrator RRuddy duck Oxyura jamaicensis * C

GRUIFORMES

GRUIDAE: CRANES

Sandhill crane Grus canadensis R

RALLIDAE: RAILS, GALLINULES AND COOTS

American coot Fulica americana * CCommon moorhen Gallinula chloropus * USora Porzana carolina * CVirginia rail Rallus limicola * C

CHARADRIIFORMES

CHARADRIIDAE: PLOVERS

Snowy plover Charadrius alexandrinus * UMountain plover Charadrius montana RSemipalmated plover Charadrius semipalmatus UKilldeer Charadrius vociferous * CAmerican golden plover Pluvialis dominica RBlack-bellied plover Pluvialis squatarola U

B-4

RECURVIROSTRIDAE: STILTS AND AVOCETS

Black-necked stilt Himantopus mexicanus * CAmerican avocet Recurvirostra americana * C

SCOLOPACIDAE: SANDPIPERS

Spotted sandpiper Actitis macularia * URuddy turnstone Arenaria interpres RSanderling Calidris alba RDunlin Calidris alpina UBaird's sandpiper Calidris bairdii URed knot Calidris canutus RStilt sandpiper Calidris himantopus RPectoral sandpiper Calidris melanotos RSemi-palmated sandpiper Calidris pusilla RWillet Catoptrophorus semipalmatus UCommon snipe Gallinago gallinago UShort-billed dowitcher Limnodromus griseus RLong-billed dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus CMarbled godwit Limosa fedoa ULong-billed curlew Numenius americanus * URed-necked phalarope Phalaropus lobatus CWilson's phalarope Phalaropus tricolor * CLesser yellowlegs Tringa flavipes UGreater yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca USolitary sandpiper Tringa solitaria R

LARIDAE: GULLS AND TERNS

Black tern Chlidonias niger * UHerring gull Larus argentatus UCalifornia gull Larus californicus * CRing-billed gull Larus delawarensis UGlaucous gull Larus hyperboreus RBonaparte's gull Larus philadelphia RFranklin's gull Larus pipixcan * ULong-tailed jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus RPomarine jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus RCaspian tern Sterna caspia * UForster's tern Sterna forsteri * CCommon tern Sterna hirundo RGlaucous-winged gull Larus glaucescens RThayer’s Gull Larus thayeri R

ALCIDAE: AUKS AND MURRES

Ancient murrelet Synthliboramphus antiquus ER

FALCONIFORMES

CATHARTIDAE: VULTURES

Turkey vulture Cathartes aura C

B-5

ACCIPITRIDAE: KITES, HAWKS AND EAGLES

Cooper's hawk Accipiter cooperii UNorthern goshawk Accipiter gentilis RSharp-shinned hawk Accipiter striatus UGolden eagle Aquila chrysaetos * URed-tailed hawk Buteo jamaicensis * CRough-legged hawk Buteo lagopus CRed-shouldered hawk Buteo lineatus RFerruginous hawk Buteo regalis USwainson's hawk Buteo swainsoni * UNorthern harrier Circus cyaneus * CBlack-shouldered kite Elanus caeruleus RBald eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus UOsprey Pandion haliaetus * U

FALCONIDAE: FALCONS

Merlin Falco columbarius UPrairie falcon Falco mexicanus * UPeregrine falcon Falco peregrinus RAmerican kestrel Falco sparverius * C

GALLIFORMES

PHASIANIDAE: GROUSE

~Chukar Alectoris chukar * R~California quail Callipepla californica * C~Wild turkey Meleagris gallopavo * U~Ring-necked pheasant Phasianus colchicus * U

COLUMBIFORMES

COLUMBIDAE: DOVES

Band-tailed pigeon Columba fasciata R~Rock dove Columba livia * CWhite-winged dove Zenaida asiatica ERMourning dove Zenaida macroura * C

STRIGIFORMES

TYTONIDAE: BARN OWLS

Barn owl Tyto alba * C

STRIGIDAE: OWLS

Northern saw-whet owl Aegolius acadicus RShort-eared owl Asio flammeus * U

B-6

Long-eared owl Asio otus * UBurrowing owl Athene cunicularia * UGreat horned owl Bubo virginianus * CWestern screech owl Otus kennicottii * U

CAPRIMULGIFORMES

CAPRIMULGIDAE: NIGHTJARS

Common nighthawk Chordeiles minor * C

APODIFORMES

APODIDAE: SWIFTS

White-throated swift Aeronautes saxatalis RVaux's swift Chaetura vauxi RBlack swift Cypseloides niger R

TROCHILIDAE: HUMMINGBIRDS

Black-chinned hummingbird Archilochus alexandri * CAnna’s hummingbird Calypte anna RBroad-tailed hummingbird Selasphorus platycercus CRufous hummingbird Selasphorus rufus UCalliope hummingbird Stellula calliope R

CORACIIFORMES

ALCEDINIDAE: KINGFISHERS

Belted kingfisher Ceryle alcyon U

PICIDAE: WOODPECKERS

Northern flicker Colaptes auratus * CLewis's woodpecker Melanerpes lewis UDowny woodpecker Picoides pubescens * UHairy woodpecker Picoides villosus URed-naped sapsucker Sphyrapicus nuchalis RYellow-bellied sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius A

PASSERIFORMES

TYRANNIDAE: FLYCATCHERS

Olive-sided flycatcher Contopus borealis RWestern wood pewee Contopus sordidulus UWestern flycatcher Empidonax difficilis CHammond’s flycatcher Empidonax hammondii UDusky flycatcher Empidonax oberholseri UWillow flycatcher Epidonax trailii U

B-7

Gray flycatcher Empidonax wrightii UAsh-throated flycatcher Myiarchus cinerascens UBlack phoebe Sayornis nigricans RSay's phoebe Sayornis saya * UEastern kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus RWestern kingbird Tyrannus verticalis * C

ALAUDIDAE: LARKS

Horned lark Eremophila alpestris * C

HIRUNDINIDAE: SWALLOWS

Cliff swallow Hirundo phyrrhonota * CBarn swallow Hirundo rustica * CPurple martin Progne subis RBank swallow Riparia riparia * UNorthern rough-winged swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis * UTree swallow Tachycineta bicolor CViolet-green swallow Tachycineta thalassina * U

CORVIDAE: MAGPIES, CROWS AND JAYS

Scrub jay Aphelocoma coerulescens UAmerican crow Corvus brachyrhynchos * CCommon raven Corvus corax * CBlue jay Cyanocitta cristata RSteller’s jay Cyanocitta stelleri RPiñon jay Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus RClark's nutcracker Nucifraga columbiana RBlack-billed magpie Pica pica * C

PARIDAE: CHICKADEES AND TITMICE

Mountain chickadee Parus gambeli UPlain titmouse Parus inoratus R

AEGITHALIDAE: BUSHTIT

Bushtit Psaltriparus minimus * U

SITTIDAE: NUTHATCHES

Red-breasted nuthatch Sitta canadensis UWhite-breasted nuthatch Sitta carolinensis UPygmy nuthatch Sitta pygmaea R

CERTHIIDAE: CREEPERS

Brown creeper Certhia americana R

B-8

TROGLODYTIDAE: WRENS

Marsh wren Cistothorus palustris * CRock wren Salpinctes obsoletus * UBewick's wren Thryomanes bewickii * CHouse wren Troglodytes aedon * UWinter wren Troglodytes troglodytes R

MUSCICAPIDAE: THRUSHES, KINGLETS AND GNATCATCHERS

Hermit thrush Catharus guttatus USwainson’s thrush Catharus ustulatus RVaried thrush Ixoreus naevius UTownsend's solitaire Myadestes townsendi UBlue-gray gnatcatcher Polioptila caerulea URuby-crowned kinglet Regulus calendula UGolden-crowned kinglet Regulus satrapa RMountain bluebird Sialia currucoides RWestern bluebird Sialia mexicana * UAmerican robin Turdus migratorius * C

LANIIDAE: SHRIKES

Northern shrike Lanius excubitor RLoggerhead shrike Lanius ludovicianus * C

MIMIDAE: MOCKINGBIRDS AND THRASHERS

Northern mockingbird Mimus polyglottos * USage thrasher Oreoscoptes montanus * U

MOTACILLIDAE: PIPITS AND WAGTAILS

American pipit Anthus rubescens C

CINCLIDAE: DIPPERS

American dipper Cinclus mexicanus R

BOMBYCILLIDAE: WAXWINGS

Cedar waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum UBohemian waxwing Bombycilla garrulus R

PTILOGONATIDAE: SILKY-FLYCATCHERS

Phainopepla Phainopepla nitens ER

STURNIDAE: STARLINGS

~European starling Sturnus vulgaris * C

VIREONIDAE: VIREOS

Warbling vireo Vireo gilvus * USolitary vireo Vireo solitarius U

B-9

EMBERIZIDAE: WARBLERS, SPARROWS, BLACKBIRDS AND ORIOLES

Parulinae: wood warblers

Black-throated blue warbler Dendroica caerulescens ERYellow-rumped warbler Dendroica coronata CBlack-throated gray warbler Dendroica nigrescens UPalm warbler Dendroica palmarum RYellow warbler Dendroica petechia CTownsend's warbler Dendroica townsendi RCommon yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas * UYellow-breasted chat Icteria virens * RMacGillivray's warbler Oporornis tolmiei UOvenbird Seiurus aurocapillus ERAmerican redstart Setophaga ruticella ROrange-crowned warbler Vermivora celata CNashville warbler Vermivora ruficapilla UWilson's warbler Wilsonia pusilla C

Cardinalae: grosbeaks, buntings

Blue grosbeak Guiraca caerulea * ULazuli bunting Passerina amoena * UIndigo bunting Passerina cyanea RBlack-headed grosbeak Pheucticus melanocephalus * URose-breasted grosbeak Pheucticus ludovicianus R

Emberizinae: towhees, sparrows

Sage sparrow Amphispiza belli * CBlack-throated sparrow Amphispiza bilineata * CLapland longspur Calcarius laponicus RMcCown's longspur Calcarius mccownii RLark sparrow Chondestes grammacus UDark-eyed junco Junco hyemalis CLincoln's sparrow Melospiza lincolnii * USong sparrow Melospiza melodia * CFox sparrow Passerella iliaca USavannah sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis * C

var. nevadensisGreen-tailed towhee Pipilo chlorurus * RSpotted towhee Pipilo maculatus * UVesper sparrow Pooecetes gramineus UAmerican tree sparrow Spizella arborea ERBrewer's sparrow Spizella breweri UChipping sparrow Spizella passerina UWhite-throated sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis RWhite-crowned sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys CHarris's sparrow Zonotrichia querula ER

Icterinae: blackbirds, orioles

Red-winged blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus * CTri-colored blackbird Agelaius tricolor RBrewer's blackbird Euphagus cyanocephalus * C

B-10

Northern oriole Icterus galbula * UBrown-headed cowbird Molothrus ater * UGreat-tailed grackle Quiscalus mexicanus * RWestern meadowlark Sturnella neglecta * CYellow-headed blackbird Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus * C

Thraupinae: tanagers

Western tanager Piranga ludoviciana U

PASSERIDAE: WEAVERS

~House sparrow Passer domesticus * C

FRINGILLIDAE: FINCHES

Pine siskin Carduelis pinus UAmerican goldfinch Carduelis tristis ULesser goldfinch Carduelsi psaltria UCassin's finch Carpodacus cassinii UHouse finch Carpodacus mexicanus * CEvening grosbeak Coccothraustes vespertinus U

B-11

CHARACTERISTIC MAMMAL SPECIESOF

STILLWATER NWR, STILLWATER WMA, AND FALLON NWR

ORDERFAMILYCommon name Genus species Habitat

Names of species which A - aquatichave been documented on R - riparianthe refuge complex are bold. U - upland

W - wetland

INSECTIVORA

SORICIDAE: SHREWS

Vagrant shrew Sorex vagrans R,WNorthern water shrew Sorex palustris R

CHIROPTERA

VESPERTILIONIDAE: PLAINNOSE BATS

Pallid bat Antrozous pallidus UBig brown bat Eptesicus fucus USilver-haired bat Lasionyeteris nottivagans U,RHoary bat Lasiurus cinereus UCalifornia myotis Myotis californicus ULong-eared myotis Myotis evotis ULittle brown myotis Myotis lucifugus USmall-footed myotis Myotis subulatus UFringed myotis Myotis thysanodes ULong-legged myotis Myotis volans UYuma myotis Mytois yumanensis UWestern pipistrel Pipistrellus hesperus UWestern big-eared bat Plecotus townsendi UBrazilian free-tailed bat Tadarida brasiliensis UMexican freetail bat Tadarida brasiliensis U

CARNIVORA

PROCYONIDAE: RINGTAIL CATS AND RACCOONS

Raccoon Procyon lotor W,R

B-12

MUSTELIDAE: MINK, WEASELS, BADGERS AND SKUNKS

Badger Taxidea taxus ULongtail weasel Mustela frenata W,RMink Mustela vison W,RSpotted skunk Spilogale putorius UStriped skunk Mephitis mephitis U

CANIDAE: COYOTES, WOLVES, AND FOXES

Coyote Canis latrans UKit fox Vulpes macrotis U

FELIDAE: CATS

Mountain lion Felis concolor UBobcat Lynx rufus U

RODENTIA

SCIURIDAE: SQUIRRELS

Townsend ground squirrel Citellus townsendi UWhitetail antelope squirrel Ammospermophilus leucurus U

GEOMYIDAE: POCKET GOPHERS

Valley pocket gopher Thomomys bottae U

HETEROMYIDAE: POCKET MICE, KANGAROO MICE, AND KANGAROO RATS

Ord kangaroo rat Dipodomys ordi UDesert kangaroo rat Dipodomys deserti UGreat Basin kangaroo rat Dipodomys microps UGreat Basin pocket mouse Perognathus parvus ULittle pocket mouse Perognathus longimembris ULongtail pocket mouse Perognathus formosus UMerriam kangaroo rat Dipodomys merriami UOrd kangaroo rat Dipodomys ordi UPale kangaroo mouse Microdipidops pallidus U

CASTORIDAE: BEAVER

Beaver Castor canadensis A

CRICETIDAE: MICE, RATS AND VOLES

Sagebrush vole Lagurus curtatus ULong-tailed vole Microtus longicaudus UMountain vole Microtus montanus W,UBushytail woodrat Neotoma cinerea U,RDesert woodrat Neotoma lepida U

B-13

Muskrat Ondatra zibethica ANorthern grasshopper mouse Onychomys leucogaster USouthern grasshopper mouse Onychomys torridus UCanyon mouse Peromyscus crinitus UDeer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus UPinion mouse Peromyscus truei UWestern harvest mouse Reithrodontomys megalotis W,U

MURIDAE: OLD WORLD RATS AND MICE

House mouse Mus musculus UNorway rat Rattus norvegicus U

ZAPODIDAE: JUMPING MICE

Western jumping mouse Zapus princeps U

ERETHIZONTIDAE: PORCUPINE

Porcupine Erethizon dorsatum U

LEPORIDAE: HARES AND RABBITS

Blacktail jackrabbit Lepus californicus UMountain cottontail Sylvilagus nuttalli U

ARTIODACTYLA

CERVIDAE: DEER

Mule deer Odocoileus hemionus U,R

B-14

CHARACTERISTIC REPTILE AND AMPHIBIAN SPECIESOF

STILLWATER NWR, STILLWATER WMA, AND FALLON NWR

ORDERFAMILYCommon name Genus species subspecies

Names of species whichhave been documented onthe refuge complex are bold.

ANURA

PELOBATIDAE: SPADEFOOT TOADS

Great Basin spadefoot toad Scaphiopus intermontanus

HYLIDAE: TREE FROGS

Pacific tree frog Pseudacris regilla

RANIDAE: FROGS

Bullfrog Rana catesbeiana nonnativeNorthern leopard frog Rana pipiens

CHELONIA

TESTUDINIDAE: FRESHWATER TURTLES

Northwestern pond turtle Clemmys marmorata marmorata

SQUMATA

IGUANIDAE: IGUANID LIZARDS

Northern Desert horned lizard Phrynosoma platyrhinos platyrhinosGreat Basin collared lizard Crotaphytus insularis bicintoresGreat Basin fence lizard Sceloporus occidentalis biseriatusLarge-spotted leopard lizard Gambelia wislizenii wislizeniiNorthern sagebrush lizard Sceloporus graciosus graciosusSide-blotched lizard Uta stansburianaYellow-backed spiny lizard Sceloporus magister uniformisCommon Zebra-tailed lizard Callisaurus draconoides draconoides

TEIIDAE: WHIPTAIL LIZARDS

Great Basin whiptail lizard Cnemidophorus tigris tigris

B-15

COLUBRIDAE: COMMON SNAKES

California kingsnake Lampropeltis getulus californiaeDesert striped whipsnake Masticophis taeniatus taeniatusGreat Basin gopher snake Pituophis melanoleucus deserticolaMojave patch-nosed snake Salvadora hexalepis mojavensisNight snake Hypsiglena torquataRocky Mountain rubber boa Charina bottae utahensisSierra garter snake Thamnophis couchii couchii 1Sonoran Mt. KingsnakeWandering garter snake Thamnophis elegans vagransWestern yellow-bellied racer Coluber constrictor mormonWestern long-nosed snake Rhinocheilus lecontei leconteiWestern ground snake Sonora semiannulataWestern coachwhip Masticophis flagellum testaceus

VIPERIDAE: PIT VIPERS

Great Basin rattlesnake Crotalus viridis lutosus

B-16

CHARACTERISTIC FISH SPECIESOF

STILLWATER NWR, STILLWATER WMA, AND FALLON NWR

ORDERFAMILY

Common name Genus species Native

SALMONIFORMES

SALMONIDAE: TROUT

Rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri

CYPRINIFORMES

CYPRINIDAE: MINNOWS

Asiatic carp Cyprinus carpioFathead minnow Pimephales promelasGoldfish Carassius auratusLahontan tui chub Gila bicolor obesus *Lahontan speckled dacea Rhinichthys osculus robustus *Lahontan red-side shiner Richardsonius egregius *Sacramento blackfish Orthodon microlepidotus

SILURIFORMES

ICTALURIDAE: CATFISH

Black bullhead Ictalurus melasBrown bullhead Ictalurus nebulosusChannel catfish Ictalurus punctatusWhite catfish Ictalurus catus

PERCOPSIFORMES

CENTRARCHIDAE: SUNFISH

Black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatusBluegill Lepomis macrochirusGreen sunfish Lepomis cyanellusLargemouth blackbass Micropterus salmoidesSacramento perch Archoplites interruptusSmallmouth blackbass Micropterus dolomieuiWhite crappie Pomoxis annularis

B-17

ANTHERINIFORMES

POECILIIDAE: MOSQUITOFISH

Mosquito fish Gambusia affinis

PERCIFORMES

PERCICHTHYIDAE: TEMPERATE BASS

Striped bass Morone saxatilisWhite bass Morone chrysopsWiper Morone chrysops X saxatilis

PERCIDAE: PERCH

Walleye Stizostedion vitreumYellow perch Percan flavescens

a. Lahontan Speckled Dace has not been confirmed in 20 years.

B-18

SAND OBLIGATE INVERTEBRATE SPECIESOF

STILLWATER NWR, STILLWATER WMA, AND FALLON NWR

Systematic List

ORDER Genus species

COLEOPTERA

Mecynotarsus delicatulusRhadine myrmecodesTetragonoderus pallidusPhilothris sp.Niptus ventriculusAegialia spinosaAphodius parapyriformisChilometopon pallidiumEdrotes ventricosusEusattus muricatusLariversius tibalisTrogloderus costatus

ORTHOPTERA

Ammobaenetes lariversiStenopelmatus sp.

Source: (Rust 1998)

B-19

BUTTERFLY SPECIESOF

STILLWATER NWR, STILLWATER WMA, AND FALLON NWR

Systematic List

FAMILY

SUBFAMILY

Common name Genus species

PAPILIONODAE

PAPILIONINAE: SWALLOWTAILS

Western Tiger Swallowtail Papilio rutulus

PIERIDAE

PIERINAE: WHITES

Becker’s White Pontia beckeriiCheckered White Pontia protodiceWestern White Pontia occidentalisCabbage White Pieris rapaeLarge Marble Euchloe ausonidesSara Orangetip Anthocharis sara

COLIADINAE: SULPHURS

Clouded Sulphur Colias philodiceOrange Sulphur Colias eurytheme

LYCAENIDAE

LYCAENINAE: COPPERS

Purplish Copper Lycaena helloides

THECLINAE: HAIRSTREAKS

Gray Hairstreak Strymon melinus

POLYOMMATINAE: BLUES

Western Pygmy-Blue Brephidium exile

B-20

NYMPHALINAE: TRUE BRUSH-FOOTS

Mylitta Crescent Phyciodes mylittaMourning Cloak Nymphalis antiopaPainted Lady Vanessa carduiWest Coast Lady Vanessa annabellaRed Admiral Vanessa atalanta

LIMENITIDINAE: ADMIRALS AND RELATIVES

Lorquin’s Admiral Limenitis lorquini

DANAINAE: MONARCHS

Monarch Danaus plexippus

HESPERIIDAE

PYRGINAE: SPREAD-WING SKIPPERS

Common Checkered-Skipper Pyrgus communis Mohave Sootywing Hesperopsis libyaSaltbush Sootywing Hesperopsis alpheus

HESPERIINAE: GRASS SKIPPERS

Sandhill Skipper Polites sabuletiAlkali Skipper Pseudocopaeodes enus

B-21

WETLAND INVERTEBRATE TAXAOF

STILLWATER NWR, STILLWATER WMA, AND FALLON NWR

Systematic List

CLASS

ORDER

Common Name Family

INSECTA

COLLEMBOLA

Springtail not determined

COLEOPTERA

Predaceous diving beetle DytiscidaeWater scavenger beetle Hydrophilidae

DIPTERA

Midge ChironomidaeMosquito CulicidaeAlkali flies Ephydriae

EPHEMEROPTERA

Mayfly not determined

HEMIPTERA

Water boatman CorixidaeWater strider GerridaeBack swimmer Notonectidae

ODONATA

Dragonfly AeschnidaeDragonfly Libelullidae

B-22

GASTROPODA

Limnophila

Pond snail LymnaidaePouch snail PhysidaeOrb snail Planorbidae

CRUSTACEA

Amphipoda

Scud (or side swimmer) not determined

Anostraca

Fairy shrimp Artemiidae

Cladocera

Water fleas not determined

Copepoda

Copepods not determined

Ostracoda

Seed shrimp not determined

ARACHNOIDEA

Hydracarina

Water mite not determined

B-23

WETLAND PLANT SPECIESOF

LAHONTAN VALLEY

List of all plant species by origin (* - non-native), family, common name, and wetlandindicator status for the Lahontan Valley wetland inventory. Nomenclature followsHickman (1993).

Genus and species Family Common Name Wetland Status1

Trees

* Elaeagnus angustifolius Elaeagnaceae Russian olive FAC Populus fremontii Salicaceae Fremont cottonwood FACW Salix exigua Salicaceae Sandbar willow OBL Salix laevigata Salicaceae Red willow NI* Tamarix ramosissima Tamaricaceae Saltcedar FACW* Ulmus pumila Ulmaceae Siberian elm NI

Shrubs

Allenrolfea occidentalis Chenopodiaceae Iodine bush FACW Artemisia spinescens Asteraceae Bud-sage NI Artemisia tridentata Asteraceae Big sagebrush NI var. tridentata Atriplex canescens Chenopodiaceae Fourwing saltbush NI Atriplex confertifolia Chenopodiaceae Shadscale NI Atriplex lentiformis Chenopodiaceae Torrey's saltbush FAC- ssp. torreyi Chrysothamnus nauseosus Asteraceae NI ssp. consimilis Chrysothamnus nauseosus Asteraceae Rubber rabbitbrush NI var. oreophalus Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus Asteraceae Stickyleaf rabbitbrush NI Grayia spinosa Chenopodiaceae Hop-sage NI Lycium shockleyi Solanaceae Wolfberry NI Psorothamnus polydenius Fabaceae Dotted dalea NI Rosa woodsii Rosaceae Woods rose FAC- var. ultramontana Sarcobatus vermiculatus Chenopodiaceae Greasewood FACU Suaeda moquinii Chenopodiaceae Torrey's seepweed FAC+ Tetradymia glabrata Asteraceae Smooth horsebrush NI Tetradymia spinosa Asteraceae Spiney horsebrush NI Tetradymia tetrameres Asteraceae Dune-horsebrush NI

Grasses

Achnatherum hymenoides Poaceae Indian ricegrass NI Acroptilon repens Poaceae NI Agropyron elongatum Poaceae Tall wheatgrass NI Agrostis stolonifera Poaceae Creeping bentgrass FACW Beckmania sizigachne Poaceae American sloughgrass OBL* Bromus tectorum Poaceae Cheatgrass NI* Bromus willenowii Poaceae Rescue grass NI* Crypsis schoenoides Poaceae Swamp timothy FACW Distichlis spicata Poaceae Inland saltgrass FAC+

B-24

Genus and species Family Common Name Wetland Status

Grasses (cont.)

* Echinochloa crusgalli Poaceae Barnyard grass FACW Elymus Cinereus Poaceae Great Basin wildrye NI Elymus triticoides Poaceae Creeping wildrye FAC+ Eragrostis orcuttiana Poaceae Orcutt lovegrass NI* Eremopyrum triticeum Poaceae Annual wheatgrass NI* Festuca pratensis Poaceae Meadow fescue FACU Hordeum brachyantherum Poaceae Meadow barley FACW- Hordeum jubatum Poaceae Foxtail barley FAC Leptochloa fascicularis Poaceae Bearded sprangletop OBL Muhlenbergia asperifolia Poaceae Alkali muhly FACW+ Paspalum distichum Poaceae Knot grass OBL* Poa pratensis Poaceae Kentucky bluegrass FACU* Polypogon monspeliensis Poaceae Rabbitfoot grass FACW+* Puccinellia distans Poaceae European alkali grass OBL Puccinellia nuttalliana Poaceae Nuttall's alkali grass OBL* Setaria viridis Poaceae Green bristlegrass NI Sporobolus pulvinatus Poaceae Six-weeks dropseed NI

Low Graminaceous

Carex anthrostachya Cyperaceae Slender-beak sedge FAC Carex lanuginosa Cyperaceae Wooly sedge OBL Carex vulpinoidea Cyperaceae Foxtail sedge OBL Eleocharis palustris Cyperaceae Creeping spikerush OBL Eleocharis parishii Cyperaceae Parish's spikerush OBL Juncus articulatus Juncaceae Jointed rush OBL Juncus balticus Juncaceae Baltic rush FACW Juncus torreyi Juncaceae Torrey's rush FACW+ Triglochin concinna Juncaginaceae Seaside arrow grass OBL Triglochin maritima Juncaginaceae Utah arrow grass OBL

Emergents

Equisetum arvense Equisetaceae Common horsetail FAC+ Equisetum laevigatum Equisetaceae Smooth scouring rush FACW Phragmites australis Poaceae Common reed FACW+ Scirpus acutus Cyperaceae Hardstem bulrush OBL ssp. occidentalis Scirpus americanus Cyperaceae Olney threesquare OBL Scirpus maritimus Cyperaceae Alkali bulrush OBL Scirpus nevadensis Cyperaceae Nevada bulrush OBL Scirpus pungens Cyperaceae Common threesquare OBL Typha domingensis Typhaceae Southern cattail OBL Typha latifolia Typhaceae Broad-leaf cattail OBL

B-25

Genus and species Family Common Name Wetland Status

Forbs

Alisma gramineum Alismataceae Narrow leaf water plaintain OBL Ambrosia acanthicarpa Asteraceae NI Artemisia douglasiana Asteraceae Douglas' wormweed FAC Artemisia dracunculus Asteraceae Tarragon NI Artemisia ludoviciana Asteraceae Silver wormwood FACU Asclepias fascicularis Asclepiadaceae Narrow-leaf milkweed FAC- Asclepias speciosa Asclepiadaceae Showy milkweed FACW Asparagus acanthicarpa Liliaceae Garden asparagus-fern FACU ssp. officianalis Aster frondosus Asteraceae Leafy aster OBL Aster lanceolatus Asteraceae Western lined aster OBL ssp. hesperius Astragalus spp. Fabaceae Milkvetch NI Atriplex argentea Chenopodiaceae Silverscale saltbush FAC* Atriplex heterosperma Chenopodiaceae Two scale orache NI Atriplex patula Chenopodiaceae Spear saltbush FACW Atriplex phyllostegia Chenopodiaceae Arrow saltbush FACW Atriplex subspicata Chenopodiaceae NI Atriplex truncata Chenopodiaceae Wedgescale FAC* Bassia hyssopifolia Chenopodiaceae Five-horn smother weed FACW Berula erecta Apiaceae Cutleaf water parsnip OBL Bidens frondosa Asteraceae Devil's beggar-ticks FACW Camissonia claviformis Onagraceae Clavate fruit primrose NI ssp. integrior* Cardaria pubescens Brassicaceae Whitetop NI Castilleja exilis Scrophulariaceae Small flower indian OBL paintbrush Castilleja minor Scrophulariaceae FAC ssp. minor* Centaurea repens Asteraceae Russian knapweed NI Centaurium exaltatum Gentianaceae Great basin centaury FACW Chamaesyce ocellata Euphorbiaceae Valley spurge FACW ssp. areicola* Chenopodium album Chenopodiaceae Lamb's quarters FACU* Chenopodium foliosum Chenopodiaceae Leafy goosefoot NI* Chenopodium glaucum Chenopodiaceae Oakleaf goosefoot FACW ssp. salinum* Chenopodium rubrum Chenopodiaceae Red goosefoot OBL var. rubrum Chenopodium strictum Chenopodiaceae NI var. glaucophyllum* Cichorium intybus Asteraceae Common chickory NI Circium mohavensis Asteraceae Mojave thistle FACU* Cirsium vulgare Asteraceae Bull-thistle FAC Cleome sparsifolium Capparaceae Few leaf cleome NI* Convolvulus arvensis Convulvulaceae Field bindweed NI Conyza canadensis Asteraceae Horseweed FAC Cressa truxillensis Convulvulaceae Alkali weed FACW Cryptantha circumcissa Boraginaceae Cushion cryptantha NI Descurania pinnata Brassicaceae Tansy mustard NI Epilobium ciliatum Onagraceae Hairy willow herb FAC

ssp. ciliatum

B-26

Genus and species Family Common Name Wetland Status

Forbs (cont.)

Eriastrum sparsiflorum Polemoniaceae Great basin eriastrum NI Eriogonum deflexum Polygonaceae Flat-topped buchwheat NI Eriogonum maculatum Polygonaceae Spotted buckwheat NI* Erodium cicutarium Geraniaceae Redstem filaree NI Euthamia occidentalis Asteraceae Westrn fragrant goldenrod OBL Galium trifidum Rubiaceae Small bedstraw OBL var. pacificum* Gnapthalium luteo-album Asteraceae Weedy cudweed FACW Grindelia squarrosa Asteraceae Curly-cup gumweed FACU* Halogeton glomeratus Chenopodiaceae Halogeton NI Helianthus annuus Asteraceae Common sunflower FACU Heliotropium curassavicum Boraginaceae Seaside heliotrope OBL Iva axillaris Asteraceae Poverty weed FACW ssp. robustior* Kochia scoparia Chenopodiaceae Mexican summer-cress FAC* Lactuca serriola Asteraceae Prickly lettuce FACU* Lepidium latifolium Brassicaceae Broad-leaf peppergrass FAC* Lepidium perfoliatum Brassicaceae Clasping peppergrass FACU Lesquerella tennella Brassicaceae Bladderpod NI* Lotus tenuis Fabaceae Slender birds-foot trefoil NI Lupinus sp. Fabaceae Sand lupine NI Lycopus asper Lamiaceae Western water-horehound OBL* Malva neglecta Malvaceae Common mallow NI Malvella leprosa Malvaceae Alkali mallow FAC Malvella sp. Malvaceae NI* Melilotus alba Fabaceae Sweet clover FACU Mentha arvensis Lamiaceae Field mint FACW Mimulus guttatus Scrophulariaceae Yellow monkey-flower OBL Mirabilis alipes Nyctaginaceae Four-o'clock NI* Nicotiana acuminata Solanaceae Many flower tobacco NI var. multiflora Oenothera elata Onagraceae Hooker,s evening primrose FACW ssp. hookeri Opuntia pulchella Cactaceae Sand cholla NI Plantago erecta Plantaginaceae* Plantago lanceolata Plantaginaceae English plaintain FACU* Plantago major Plantaginaceae Common plaintain FAC* Polygonum arenastrum Polygonaceae Common knotweed NI* Polygonum argyrocoleon Polygonaceae Silver-sheath knotweed FAC Polygonum aviculare Polygonaceae Prastrate knotweed FACW Polygonum lapathifolium Polygonaceae Willow-weed OBL* Polygonum persicaria Polygonaceae Lady's thumb FACW* Portulaca oleracea Portulacaceae Common purslane FAC Potentilla glandulosa Rosaceae Sticky cinquefoil FACU Ranunculus aquatilus Ranunculuaceae White water buttercup OBL Ranunculus cymbalaria Ranunculaceae Desert buttercup OBL var. saximontanus Rorippa curvisiliqua Brassicaceae Curve-pod yellow cress OBL* Rumex crispus Polygonaceae Curly dock FACW Rumex maritimus Polygonaceae Golden dock FACW Rumex salsifolius Polygonaceae Triangular valve dock FACW var. triangulivalvis Sagittaria cuneata Alismataceae Narrow leaf water plaintain OBL

B-27

1. Wetland indicator status is taken from Reed (1988).

Genus and species Family Common Name Wetland Status

Forbs (cont.)

* Salicornia europaea Chenopodiaceae Slender glasswort OBL* Salsola tragus Chenopodiaceae Russian thistle FACU Sesuvium verrucosum Aizoaceae Western sea-purslane FACW+* Solanum dulcamara Solanaceae Climbing nightshade FAC Solidago spectabilis Asteraceae Basin goldenrod FACW* Sonchus asper Asteraceae Prickly sow-thistle FACU* Spergularia marina Caryophyllaceae Saltmarsh sandspurry OBL Sphaeralcea ambigua Malvaceae Desert mallow NI Sphaerophysa ambigua Fabaceae NI* Sphaerophysa salsula Fabaceae Alkali swainsonpea FAC Stephanomeria exigua Asteraceae Skeleton-weed NI ssp. exigua Suaeda calceoliformis Chenopodiaceae Pursh seablite FACW* Taraxacum officinale Asteraceae Common dandelion FACU+* Tragopogon dubius Asteraceae Goatsbeard NI* Trifolium fragiferum Fabaceae Strawberry clover FACW- Trifolium variegatum Fabaceae White-tip clover FACW- Urtica dioca Urticaceae Stinging nettle FAC* Veronica anagallis-aquatica Scrophulariaceae Water sppedwell OBL Veronica peregrina Scrophulariaceae Purslane speedwell FACW+ Xanthium strumarium Asteraceae Common cocklebur FAC

Aquatics

Azolla mexicana Salviniaceae Mosquito-Fern OBL Bacopa eisenii Scrophulariaceae Water hyssop OBL Callitriche hermaphroditica Callitrichaceae Autumnal water starwort OBL Ceratophyllum sp. Ceratophylaceae Coontail OBL Lemna minor Lemnacea Duckweed OBL Marsilea vestita Marsiliaceae Water-Clover OBL ssp. vestita Najas guadalupensis Najadaceae Water nymph OBL Potamogeton crispus Potamogetaceae Curly pondweed OBL Potamogeton filiformis Potamogetaceae Nevada pondweed OBL var. latifolius Potamogeton nodosus Potamogetaceae Long-leaved pondweed OBL Potamogeton pectinatus Potamogetaceae Sago pondweed OBL Ricciocarpus natans Ruppia maritima Ruppiaceae Widgeon grass OBL Zannichellia palustsris Zannichelliaceae Horned pondweed OBL

Agricultural Species

* Medicago sativa Fabaceae Alfalfa NI* Zea mays Poaceae Corn NI