applications of integrated vessel-based lidar, multibeam ... · marine survey methods continuous...
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Applications of Integrated Vessel-based LiDAR, Multibeam Bathymetry, and Geophysical Surveys for Geohazard Assessments and Site Characterization
James Fisher Engineering Geologist Todd Mitchell Survey Manager
July 2013
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Overview
Introduction Why Emphasize Data Integration? Marine Survey Methods and Data Examples
Data Integration Examples MBES and LiDAR MBES, Magnetometer, Seismic Reflection Seismic Reflection and Marine Resistivity
Applications for Geohazard Assessment Coastal and Marine Infrastructure Rock Falls, Coastal Erosion, Slope Failure (Geomorphology) Karst
Summary Data Management and Integration using GIS Data Integration and “The Big Picture”
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Why Emphasize Data Integration?
Topography
Geophysics
Bathymetry Geotechnics/ Geology
Fully Integrated Data Set
Integrated data sets improve mapping and geological characterization by helping to produce a complete picture of the “surface” and subsurface
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Why Emphasize Data Integration? - Reduce Uncertainty (Risk Management)
Taking the Unknown Geological Model (Geophysics)
Geophysics and Geotechnical Data Integration
Design Model
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Why Emphasize Data Integration?
Consider this
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Why Emphasize Data Integration?
Now compare
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Why Emphasize Data Integration?
LOOSE SAND
SOFT NC CLAY
INTERBEDDED SOFT CLAY &
SAND
STIFF OC CLAY AND DENSE SAND
INTERBEDDED CHANNEL INFILL
By planning an effective geophysical investigation first you can greatly aid future geotechnical investigations
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Marine Survey Methods
Vessel-based LiDAR and Multibeam Bathymetry
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Marine Survey Methods Vessel-based LiDAR and Multibeam Bathymetry
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Marine Survey Methods
Vessel-based LiDAR and Multibeam Bathymetry (Norfolk, VA Example)
Higher Data Density Survey
Better-defined detail of sunken barge
Pilings
Lower Data Density Survey
Sunken barge
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Marine Survey Methods
Vessel-based LiDAR and Multibeam Bathymetry A survey that integrates bathymetry with a topographic data can close the gap between surface and underwater topography.
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Marine Survey Methods
Also, both are point cloud data sets (easily, and efficiently, collected and integrated)
Multibeam Bathymetry Echosounder (MBES) Data Sonar (sound) based ranging technology Wide coverage on both sides of vessel Millions of individual point observations
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Marine Survey Methods
Also, both are point cloud data sets (easily, and efficiently, collected and integrated)
Mobile Laser Scanning Data (LiDAR) • Laser (light) based ranging technology • Scan land and features beside vessel • Millions of individual point observations
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Marine Survey Methods
Also, both are point cloud data sets (easily, and efficiently, collected and integrated)
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Marine Survey Methods
Marine Geophysical Methods
SSS Mag MBES
Boomer
Chirp
• Measure water depth and map riverbottom 1. Multibeam: hydrographic survey 2. Side scan sonar: image the riverbottom 3. Magnetometer: locate large ferrous or magnetic objects
• Subsurface mapping 4. Chirp seismic reflection: shallow stratigraphy and potentially buried objects 5. Multichannel, boomer seismic reflection: deeper stratigraphy and depth to bedrock
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Marine Survey Methods
Marine Geophysical Methods – Side Scan Sonar
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Marine Survey Methods
Marine Geophysical Methods – Side Scan Sonar
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Marine Survey Methods
Marine Geophysical Methods - Seismic
• Chirp & Pinger: Upper 20 to 50ft • Boomer, Multichannel: Upper 500 to 1,500 ft • Sparker: Upper 2,000 ft • Air Guns: 5,000+ ft
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Marine Survey Methods
Continuous Resistivity Profiling (CRP)
Marine Geophysical Methods - Resistivity
N
Resistivity Section (Below)
In this example, sediments permeated by fresh water has a higher resistivity (poorer conductor of electricity) than sediments permeated by salt water. The river bottom was mapped using a multibeam echosounder.
River Bottom (white line) Deeper Water Area
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Marine Survey Methods
Marine Bottom Resistivity
Marine Geophysical Methods - Resistivity
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Data Integration (Combining MBES and LiDAR Data Sets)
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Data Integration (Combining MBES and LiDAR Data Sets)
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Data Integration (Interpretation Utilizing Multiple Data Sets)
Pipeline Riverbottom
Magnetic Anomaly
Pipeline Surface Expression
Seismic Reflection
Magnetometer
Multibeam Bathymetry
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Data Integration (Seismic and Resistivity)
Resistivity Profile
Seismic Refraction Profile
MASW (Surface Wave) Profile
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Coastal and Marine Infrastructure – Bridge River Crossing (Missouri River)
Proposed Alignment
Existing Alignment
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Coastal and Marine Infrastructure – Bridge River Crossing (Missouri River)
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Coastal and Marine Infrastructure – Bridge River Crossing (CA)
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Paleochannel (organics) – several historical explorations did not completely penetration (depth was unknown – costly to project)…But geophysics resolved the feature
Coastal and Marine Infrastructure – Bridge River Crossing (FL)
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Rock Falls, Coastal Erosion, Slope Failure (Geomorphology)
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Rock Falls, Coastal Erosion, Slope Failure (Geomorphology)
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Rock Falls, Coastal Erosion, Slope Failure (Geomorphology)
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Rock Falls, Coastal Erosion, Slope Failure (Geomorphology)
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Rock Falls, Coastal Erosion, Slope Failure (Geomorphology)
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Water Bottom
2D Resistivity (Adjacent Line)
N S
Interpreted Horizon
N S Seismic Horizon
Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Karst
Chirp Profile
Water Bottom
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Karst Features
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Karst Features
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Karst Features
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Summary –Data Management and Integration using GIS
Integrating Data Example (Tunnel Project)
Geophysics
Bathymetry, Side Scan Sonar, and Seismic
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Incorporate Geophysical Data
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Incorporate Geotechnical Data
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Summary –Data Management and Integration using GIS
Incorporate Historical Data (for example, shorelines from nautical charts)
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Summary –Data Management and Integration using GIS
Incorporate Historical Data (for example, shorelines from nautical charts)
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Data Integration and Applications for Geohazard Assessment
Mudflat Area Structure Settlement Area
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Laser Scanning
Multibeam Bathymetry
Seismic Profile
Summary –Data Integration and the (Geo) Big Picture
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Summary - Why Emphasize Data Integration?
Taking the Unknown Geological Model (Geophysics)
Geophysics and Geotechnical Data Integration
Design Model
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Thank You! James Fisher [email protected] Todd Mitchell [email protected]
Comments/Questions?