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APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTALMICROBIOLOGYVOLUME 54 DECEMBER 1988 NUMBER 12
Lars G. Ljungdahl, Editor in Chief (1990)University of GeorgiaAthensRobert A. Bender, Editor (1992)University of MichiganAnn ArborRonald L. Crawford, Editor (1992)University of IdahoMoscow
Robert B. Hespell, Editor (1990)Northern Regional Research CenterAgricultural Research ServicePeoria, Ill.
Robert J. Maier, Editor (1990)The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, Md.Kenneth W. Nickerson, Editor
(1992)University of NebraskaLincolnRobert P. Williams, Editor (1990)Baylor College of MedicineHouston, Tex.
EDITORIAL BOARDDonald G. Ahearn (1990)Danny E. Akin (1989)Noelle Amarger (1988)David R. Benson (1989)Kostia Bergman (1990)Robert Blanchette (1989)Hans Blaschek (1989)David R. Boone (1990)Peter J. Bottomley (1989)Don K. Button (1989)George M. Carman (1990)Carl Cerniglia (1988)Arun Chatterjee (1989)Maribeth A. Cousin (1989)Donald Crawford (1988)Kurt Dahlberg (1989)Patrick Davis (1988)Frank Dazzo (1988)Walter Dobrogosz (1989)Stanley L. Erlandsen (1990)Douglas Eveleigh (1988)James G. Ferry (1988)Howard Fields (1990)Madilyn M. Fletcher (1990)
Cecil Forsberg (1988)Shelby Freer (1988)William C. Ghiorse (1990)Michael S. Gilmore (1990)D. Jay Grimes (1990)Charles N. Haas (1990)Pat B. Hamilton (1989)Walter Hill (1989)John C. Hoff (1988)Alan Hooper (1990)Lonnie 0. Ingram (1989)Thomas W. Jeffries (1988)Anna Johnson-Winegar (1988)David M. Karl (1988)Gary M. King (1990)Steffan Kjelleberg (1988)Todd R. Klaenhammer (1989)Allan E. Konopka (1988)Roger Korus (1989)Thomas Langworthy (1989)Donald J. LeBlanc (1990)Mary L. Lidstrom (1988)David A. Low (1990)Eugene L. Madsen (1989)
George L. Marchin (1990)Edward 0. Mason, Jr. (1990)Thomas L. Mason (1990)Michael McInerney (1989)Aaron L. Mills (1990)Harry D. Nash (1989)Kenneth H. Nealson (1990)Louise Nelson (1989)James D. Oliver (1990)Tairo Oshima (1990)Hans W. Paerl (1990)Samuel A. Palumbo (1988)Peter A. Pattee (1990)James J. Pestka (1989)John Pfeffer (1988)Allen T. Phillips (1989)Wesley 0. Pipes (1989)Jeanne S. Poindexter (1988)Robert Ramaley (1989)John N. Reeve (1990)John L. Richard (1990)Donald C. Robertson (1990)John P. Rosazza (1988)James B. Russell (1989)
Gary Sayler (1988)Peter M. Scott (1990)Ramon J. Seidler (1988)Norva! A. Sinclair (1988)C. Jeff Smith (1988)M. Scott Smith (1988)Mark D. Sobsey (1990)Jim Spain (1990)Kemet Spence (1988)Gary Stacey (1988)Norman J. Stern (1988)Lawrence S. Sturman (1989)John Sutherland (1989)Barrie F. Taylor (1988)Richard Unz (1990)Peter Van Berkum (1989)Vincent Varel (1988)Edward Voss (1990)Richard L. Ward (1988)Bryan A. White (1990)Lloyd Witter (1988)A. Aristides Yayanos (1990)Lily Young (1989)Stanley A. Zahler (1988)
Helen R. Whiteley, Chairman, Publications BoardLinda M. Illig, Managing Editor, Journals
Kirk Jensen, Director of PublicationsJohn N. Bell, Production Editor
Applied and Environmental Microbiology (ISSN 0099-2240), a publication of the American Society for Microbiology, 1913 I St., N.W.,Washington, DC 20006, is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of applied knowledge as well as ecological knowledge, both appliedand fundamental, concerning microorganisms. Instructions to authors are published in the January issue each year; reprints are available fromthe editors and the Publications Department. Applied and Environmental Microbiology is published monthly, one volume per year. Thenonmember subscription price is $220 per year; single copies are $30. The member subscription price is $35 (foreign, $56 [air drop shipping])per year; single copies are $8. Correspondence relating to subscriptions, nonreceipt ofjournals, reprints, defective copies, availability of backissues, and lost or late proofs should be directed to the ASM Publications Department, 1913 1 St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006 (phone: 202-833-9680).
Claims for missing issues from residents of the United States, Canada, and Mexico must be submitted within 3 months after publication ofthe issues; residents of all other countries must submit claims within 6 months of publication of the issues. Claims for issues missing becauseof failure to report an address change or for issues "missing from files" will not be allowed.
Second-class postage paid at Washington, DC 20006, and at additional mailing offices.POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Applied and Environmental Microbiology, ASM, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006.Made in the United States of America.Copyright C) 1988, American Society for Microbiology. El I d.I'1Wtk tI L i Wti (l' oloAll Rights Reserved.The code at the top of the first page of an article in this journal indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of the article may be
made for personal use or for personal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the statedper-copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 21 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970, for copying beyond that permitted by Sections107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, foradvertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale.
Author IndexAkin, D. E., 3019Alexander, Martin, 3177Amner, Wendy, 3107Anderson, D. H., 3086Anink, Desiree M. E., 2894Arp, Daniel J., 3187Asther, Marcel, 3194Atlas, Ronald M., 2908, 3183Aust, Steven D., 2885
Bar-Gilissen, Marie-Jose B.,3113
Bej, Asim K., 2908Bell, Richard H., 3003Benftez, Tahia, 3126Bigham, Jerry M., 3101Bland, Lee A., 3122Bleakley, Bruce H., 2986Bloem, Jaap, 3113Boizet, Brigitte, 3014Bolan, Gail A., 3122Bollag, J.-M., 3086Bouchard, Jean, 3064Boyd, Stephen A., 2976Brockman, F. J., 2916Bumpus, John A., 2885
Capdevila, Cecile, 3194Cappenberg, Thomas E., 3113Carr, Noel, 3071Carson, Loretta A., 3122Chassy, Bruce M., 3014Chattopadhyay, S., 3180Chen, Shiow-Wen, 3156Chu, F. S., 2959Clark, Douglas S., 3039Cook, Alasdair M., 3034Corrieu, Georges, 3194Crawford, Don L., 3057Crichton, Caroline, 2971Cusick, Lucy B., 3122
Datta, Atin R., 2933Deinema, Maria H., 2894Dietzler, David N., 3142Douglas, Susan E., 3071
Edwards, Clive, 3107Eggink, Gerrit, 2924
Fan, T. S. L., 2959Fathepure, Babu Z., 2976Favero, Martin S., 3122Flickinger, Jeannette L., 3014
Fredrickson, J. K., 2916Friedrich, Barbel, 3173Fukui, Sakuzo, 3147
Garbow, Joel R., 2953Gaskins, Murray H., 2986Ghosh, Amit, 3180Ghosh, Ranjit K., 3180Giroux, Helene, 3064Goks0yr, Jostein, 2908Good, Robert C., 3122Grishin, Sergei I., 3092, 3101Guilmette, Helene, 3169Guinea, Jesus, 3138
Haas, Charles N., 2996Haggblom, Max M., 3043Hallas, Laurence E., 2953Heller, Barbara, 2996Hertel, Greg, 3057Hicks, R. J., 2916Hoff, Kjell Arne, 2949Hubbell, David H., 2986Huisman, Gjalt W., 2924Hyman, Michael R., 3187
Imanaka, Tadayuki, 3162
Jacob, Gary S., 2953Jay, James M., 3003Jeffrey, Wade H., 3165Jimenez, Juan, 3126Johnson, Michael G., 3185Johnstone, Brian H., 2890Jones, Ronald D., 2890Jones, Stephen H., 3177Juang, Ray-Yeng, 3156Jurek, Maria A., 2885
Kaneuchi, Choji, 3053Kaper, James B., 3180Katinakis, Panagiotis, 3008Kator, Howard, 2902Ketelaar, Peter, 2924Kimack, Nancee M., 2953King, Christopher H., 3023King, Gary M., 3079Kishore, Ganesh M., 2953Klein Lankhorst, Rend M.,
3008Komagata, Kazuo, 3053Koopman, Joop P., 2971Kozlowski, Maya, 3169
Lageveen, Roland G., 2924
Lamy, Francois, 3064Leckie, Mary P., 3142Leisinger, Thomas, 3034Li, S. W., 2916Lifshitz, Ran, 3169Lin, Sheun-Fuh, 3156Linkfield, Timothy G., 2938Loessner, Martin J., 3003Longo, Elisa, 3126Loren, Jose G., 3138Ludlow, Jan M., 3039
Machida, Makoto, 3147Macrae, Sharmane, 3133Maki, James S., 2964Martin, Scott A., 3019McCarthy, Alan J., 3107McClary, Shane P., 3185Messi, Ferruccio, 3034Midtvedt, Tore, 2971Mileski, Gerald J., 2885Miller, Jay F., 3039Mitchell, Ralph, 2964Moore, Kerry J., 3185Mormile, Melanie R., 3183Murton, Ian B., 3187
Nair, G. Balakrish, 3180Nakai, Hiroaki, 3162Nelson, Chad M., 3039Newbold, C. James, 2981Nies, Anke, 3173Nohynek, Liisa J., 3043
Ohtsuki, Isao, 3147Oku, Yuichi, 3180
Pal, Sudhir C., 3180Paul, John H., 3165Porter, Karen G., 3023Preusting, Hans, 2924
Ramachandra, Muralidhara,3057
Reingold, Arthur L., 3122Rhodes, Martha W., 2902Robarts, Richard D., 3191Roth, William G., 3142Rouse, Dwight, 2964
Salkinoja-Salonen, Mirja S.,3043
Schaefer, Jacob, 2953Schneider, Beate, 3173
Scholtz, Rudolf, 3034Schubring, S. L., 2959Seki, Masako, 3053Shah, Nilesh N., 3039Shelef, Leora A., 3003Shook, Darlene, 2933Shotts, Emmett B., Jr., 3023Shuttleworth, K. L., 3086Starink, Mathieu, 3113Steffan, Robert J., 2908Stevens, Todd O., 2938, 2944
Takeda, Tae, 3180Takeda, Yoshifumi, 3180Tamura, Gakuzo, 3156Tannock, Gerald W., 2971Thomson, Jennifer A., 3133Tiedje, James M., 2938, 2944Tomei, Francisco A., 2964Trias, Joaquim, 3138Trucksess, Mary W., 2933Tsai, Ying-Chieh, 3156Tuovinen, Olli H., 3092, 3101
van den Bos, Rommert C.,3008
van Groenestijn, Johan W.,2894
van Kammen, Albert, 3008Van Staden, Johannes, 3133Vidal, Pierre, 3064Vinias, Miquel, 3138Vlekke, Gerard J. F. M., 2894
Wallace, R. John, 2981Wei, R. D., 2959Welling, Gjalt W., 2971Wentz, Barry A., 2933Wicks, Richard J., 3191Witholt, Bernard, 2924Wooley, Richard E., 3023
Yamasaki, Makari, 3156Yamashita, Ichiro, 3147
Zam, Stephan G., 2986Zehnder, Alexander J. B.,
2894Zhang, Min, 3162
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The following served as invited special reviewers for the journal during 1988, and their help is greatly appreciated.
Michael AdamsMichael J. AdangMilton J. AllisonJan AndreesenRobert E. Andrews, Jr.Ronald AtlasEdward BalishJ. A. BarnettYoav BashanRobert BaughnEdward BellionJoan W. BennettMarian N. BeremandRodney BergColin BerryDavid BezdicekCarl A. BilinskiLinda F. BissonPeter Bj0rnsenGregory BohachB. Ben BohloolKarin D. BreunigJohn BrewerJames BrierleyJohn BrockwellPaul BrodaLloyd B. BullermanB. J. CatleyA. M. ChakrabartyGlenn ChamblissJill ClarridgeKeith ClayAllen CollmerTyrell ConwayDonald CookseyMichael A. CottaGraham A. CoucheMichael CoughlanElizabeth CraigPerry CreganS. A. CrowDiane L. CrudenRowland H. DavisKarl A. DawsonBurk A. DehorityMartin DickmanMichael DilworthGary Ditta
Harry DouthitHarold DrakeJohannis A. DuineAlan EagleshamAbdul El-SharrawiBert ElyDavid EmerichMary EstesSamuel R. FarrahBrian A. FedericiTurlough FinanRobert K. FinnWilliam R. FinnertyDennis FochtDonna FoxRolf FreterDavid FriedmanRoy FuchsJed FuhrmanMelvin FullerWendell GaugerCynthia Gawron-BurkeCharles P. GerbaTom L. GlassMichael H. GoldMilton GordonG. GottschalkRichard V. GreeneDennis GrossMary Lou GuerinotCameron R. HackneyBarbel Hahn-HagerdalRichard HansonPaul HartmanRobert HausingerKevin HazenHauke HenneckeRobert HomerRichard A. HullChriston J. HurstPhillip B. HylemonJohn landoloW. B. IturrianAkio IwashimaJ. Michael JandaHolger W. JannaschStefan JamoskiM. Jenkins
Eric JohnsonC. W. JonesGarth JonesBo Barker J0rgensenElliot JuniC. I. KadoJeff KamsJames L. KerwinHarold KeyserMarilyn B. KilgenT. K. KirkRoger KnowlesArnold S. KregerRajiv K. KulkamiCletus KurtzmanLeslie C. LaneRobert LaRossaTom LaRueRichard LawtonJ. A. Z. LeedleMarlena LewandowskaJim LigonEivind B. LillehojSteven LindowJohn LipscombGerald LlewellynDavid LyerlyAnthony MacalusoRoderick MackieJoan MacyA. J. MarkovetzJ. MarmurCarl MarrsPhyliss MartinScott MartinFrank MayerLee McBrideSusan McCormickR. MeagerTheodore G. MetcalfOrtwin MeyerC. J. MirochaRaj MitraDavid MooreLarry MooreAndrew MortMike MurphyGanapathy Muthukumar
D. D. MyroldT. G. NagarajaDave NagleFrederick NeidhardtAustin NewtonWalter G. Niehaus, Jr.Dale NoelDonald NussDave OdelsonPaul OefingerDavid OliverVincent OlivieriBetty OlsonEric OlsonGeorge OrdalKirk O'ReillyCindy OrserJohn OstermanFred OwensDale OxenderWilliam PageMichael W. ParizaBruce PasterAndr,ej PasXc4ynskiJerome J. PaulinJohn F. PeberdyIan PepperJ. J. PerryMary Ann PfannenstielHerman J. PhaffAllen PhillipsWesley 0. PipesAlan PrzybylaJohn PurvianceV. PuvanesarajahSteve RagsdaleMark A. RasmussenC. A. ReddyScott R. RippeyJoe A. RobinsonBarry RolfeAntonio H. RomanoEugene RosenbergDominique M. RousseauMichael SadowskyAbigail SalyersDuane SavageDwayne C. Savage
Mark SchellEdwin SchmidtThomas SchmidtEduardo SchroederMilton SchrothRobert D. SchwartzSteven SchwartzbachOdette ShotwellThressa C. StadtmanCharles StagerThad StantonLarry R. SteensonNat StemnbergK. StetterTodd StevensJohn StreeterPeter F. StromLarry StultsFred J. StutzenbergerPatrick A. SullivanRobert SullivanAnne SummersMichael TanseyMike TheodorouJames TiedjeKenneth TimmisPaul TomasekEd ToppLeroy TownsendWilliam TrumbleH. Van HalbeekRoss VirginiaTom WacekBarry WannerRobert WatsonCarol L. WellsRobert WetzelDavid C. WhitePeter J. WhiteHelen WhiteleyReed WicknerJuergen WiegelDavid WilcoxTit-Yee WongH. G. WoodDwane E. WylieJ. G. Zeikus
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AUTHOR INDEX
VOLUME 54
Aaron, Debra K., 1341Abbas, Hamed K., 1268, 1930, 2277Abdelal, A. T., 1099Abe, Shin-nosuke, 2603Achen, Marc G., 655Ackermann, Hans-Wolfang, 188Adler, John H., 1882Aelion, C. Marjorie, 212Ahearn, Donald G., 1099, 2134, 2574Ahring, Birgitte K., 2393Aislabie, Jackie, 2197Akao, Taiko, 2027Akao, Teruaki, 2027Akin, D. E., 1117, 3019Akiyama, Masato, 818Al-Achi, Boutros Jadoun, 2432Albagnac, G., 441Albright, Lawrence J., 613Alcaide, Elena, 2771Aldrich, H. C., 1085Alexander, Martin, 2803, 2859, 3177Ali, A. N., 288, 1414Allard, Ann-Sofie, 2226Allard, Bert, 1689Allen, Martin J., 1595Allen, Steven P., 2322Amador, Josd A., 2342Amaro, Carmen, 2771Ambrosio, Riccardo E., 405Amner, Wendy, 3107Amon, James P., 1668Amrhein, Nikolaus, 1293, 2868Amy, Penny S., 1557Anast, Nick, 809Andersen, Roxanna N., 1046, 1957Anderson, Anne J., 375, 2037Anderson, D. H., 3086Anderson, David J., 555Anderson, James B., 1643Anderson, Peter, 990Ando, Yoshiji, 2096, 2101Andrews, J. H., 1430Andrykovitch, George, 1061Anink, Ddsirde M. E., 2894Ant6n, Josefa, 2381Apajalahti, Juha H. A., 683, 1818Arad, Shoshana (Malis), 2411Archer, David B., 835, 1003Arcos, Maria L., 2786Arita, Masatoshi, 2354Armstrong, John L., 343Arp, Daniel J., 3187Arruda, Paulo, 2833Arshad, Muhammad, 2728Arsuffi, T. L., 1876Artwohl, James, 2371Asakawa, Yutaka, 818Asensio, Miguel A., 1462Asher, Rodney A., 2293Asther, Marcel, 3194Atlas, Ronald M., 2185, 2192, 2197, 2472,
2908, 3183Attwood, Graeme T., 534, 1575Aust, Steven D., 2885Axelrood, Paige E., 1222Azegami, Koji, 844Aziz, T., 945Aznar, Rosa, 2771
Bachmann, A., 143, 548
Bacon, Charles W., 2615Badilla-Ohlbaum, Ricardo, 1694Baigorf, Mario, 1309Baldwin, William W., 105Bale, M. J., 972, 2756Banas, Jeffrey A., 2305, 2311Bank, Shelton, 2723Bankston, Patrick W., 105Bannerman, Elizabeth S., 165Bardin, Rene, 2500, 2636Bareil, M., 570Bar-Gilissen, Marie-Josd B., 3113Barkay, Tamar, 115Barnsley, E. A., 428Barra, Ricardo, 610Barraquio, Wilfredo L., 1313Bartha, Richard, 1719, 1724Bartlett, Douglas, 30Barton, Larry L., 1831Barton, Marlene R., 594Bassham, James A., 2737Bastien, Cathryn A., 271Bateson, Mary M., 1738Batt, Carl A., 1138, 1610Bauchop, Tom, 1637Bauer, James E., 1649Bautista, Lydia, 566Bazin, Michael J., 2174Beaman, Teofila C., 2515Bean, George, 2277Beaty, P. Shawn, 1570Beery, J. T., 2365Beguin, Pierre, 518Bej, Asim K., 2472, 2908Belas, Robert, 30Belay, Negash, 600Belbin, Lee, 1825Beliveau, Constance M., 364Bell, Richard H., 3003Bellemann, Peter, 2798Bemrick, William J., 2777Benitez, Tahia, 917, 3126Benner, Ronald, 1117, 1481Bennett, Jon L., 827Beremand, Marian N., 2759Berg, Gerald, 839, 1880Berg, James D., 2118Berger, Larry L., 1163Beringer, John E., 1812Berman, Donald, 507Bermddez, Madeline, 979Bernath, Sandor, 607Bernhardt, G., 1258, 2375Berset, Jean-Daniel, 1015Bertolini, Maria Celia, 2447Best, M., 2856Beuchat, Larry R., 1451, 1504Bezdicek, D. F., 446Biavati, Bruno, 768Bicho, Paul A., 50Bidochka, Michael J., 2699Biehl, M. L., 830Bigham, Jerry M., 3101Bille, Jacques, 165Billich, Andreas, 2504Bilous, Doris, 1023, 1170Bissett, Jacqueline, 855Bissonnette, Gary K., 1901Bissonnette, N., 183Bitton, Gabriel, 118, 1325Biziagos, Evangdlos, 2705
Bjourson, A. J., 2852Blagburn, B. L., 2580Blanchette, Robert A., 62Blanco, Carlos, 1466Blanco, Jose L., 1622Bland, Lee A., 1756, 3122Blankenship, L. C., 1104Blaschek, Hans P., 2322Bleakley, Bruce H., 2793, 2986Bloem, Jaap, 3113Bodily, Howard L., 158Bohanon, Michael J., 271Bohlool, B. Ben, 848, 1112, 1494Boizet, Brigitte, 3014Bolan, Gail A., 3122Bollag, J.-M., 74, 3086Boone, David R., 2064Boquien, Clair-Yves, 2527Boronin, A. M., 1587Borrego, Juan J., 2786Bothast, R. J., 890Bouchard, Jean, 3064Boucias, D. G., 1795Bourquin, Al W., 115Boyd, Stephen A., 327, 2976Brackett, Robert E., 1451Bradshaw, Joe G., 364Brandl, Helmut, 1977Braymer, H. D., 1886Brenner, Kristen P., 409Briggs, Elizabeth H., 364Brock, Barry J., 1143Brockman, F. J., 446, 2916Brom, Susana, 1280Brooker, John D., 534, 1575Brown, John, 760Bruhn, D. F., 2591Brunel, Brigitte, 2636Bryant, Frank O., 460Brynhildsen, Lena, 1689Buendia-Claveria, Ana M., 1812Bugos, Robert C., 1882Bumpus, John A., 1143, 2885Bundle, D., 2536Bunning, V. Kelly, 364Burbank, Dwight E., 2170Burg, Kornel, 607Burger, B. V., 1700Burkhardt, William, III, 1874Burris, Robert H., 87Busscher, H. J., 837Butler, Lawrence J., 2677Butman, Bryan T., 1564
Cabrera, Ezequiel, 1262Cadez, P., 2220Cameron, David R., 1420Campbell, L. Leon, 2318Campbell, Warren L., 197Capdevila, Cecile, 3194Capone, Douglas G., 1649Cappenberg, Thomas E., 3113Carito, Sebastian L., 2838Carmichael, W. W., 2257Carr, Noel, 3071Carriere, Jacques F., 910Carson, Loretta A., 1756, 3122Casas, Ivan A., 2599Cascino, J. J., 1430Casiano-Col6n, Aida, 1318
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
Casida, L. E., Jr., 2161Caspritz, Gert, 1068Cassens, Robert G., 497Castle, Alan J., 1643Cawthon, Cheryl D., 649, 2492Cech, J. S., 619Cera, Lee, 2371Cerniglia, Carl E., 197, 1612, 2415, 2549,
2556Chaffey, Brian J., 1541Chakrabarty, S. L., 2152Chan, Amy M., 1426Chang, Man-Huei, 699Chang, Wen-Teh, 1838Chao, Wei-Liang, 1838Charon, Nyles W., 728Charrel, M., 2073Chartrain, M., 10Chartrand, Pierre, 1550Chassy, Bruce M., 3014Chatterjee, Pramita, 115Chattopadhyay, S., 3180Chaudhry, G. Rasul, 288, 1414, 2203Chaufaux, J., 2689Chelm, Barry K., 703Chen, Guangjiong, 872, 2742Chen, Jiann-Shin, 642Chen, Ling-Yun, 984Chen, Shiow-Wen, 3156Chen, Wei, 1249, 1254, 2300Chen, Ya-Lei, 2179Chin-Leo, Gerardo, 1934Chiong, Mario, 610Chiovetti, Robert, 1831Chou, Cheng-Chun, 688Chourasia, H. K., 842Chow, Joseph J., 1138Christensen, Peter Bondo, 2245Christensen, Rella P., 158Christensen, S0ren, 1409Chrzanowski, Thomas H., 661, 1868Chu, F. S., 2959Chudoba, J., 619Clark, C. Scott, 409Clark, Douglas S., 3039Clavet, Charles R., 1874Cleyet-Marel, Jean-Claude, 2636Cline, J. H., 1946Cochran, R. C., 2510Cohen, Yehuda, 176Collin, J. F., 2073Collins, Michael T., 910Colson, Charles, 302Colwell, Rita R., 1051, 1284Combrinck, S., 1700Comeau, Dorothy E., 1426Comeau, Yves, 2325Compeau, Geoffrey, 2432Connell, Hugh, 1615Conrad, Ralf, 590Conway, T., 397Conway de Macario, Everly, 79, 600, 693,
835Cook, Alasdair M., 2819, 3034Cook, Mark E., 596Cook, Mary K., 2677Cooksey, Donald A., 884Cooper, David G., 1420Cooper, J. E., 2852Corrieu, Georges, 2527, 3194Cortez, L., 2203Cosby, W. Mark, 2599Costantino, Nina, 996
Costerton, J. William, 1365, 1373, 1383Cotta, Michael A., 772Cotty, P. J., 274Courchesne, Daniele, 1550Courtois, Stephane, 302Coveney, Michael F., 2018Cox, David L., 2862Cozar, E., 2478Crance, Jean-Marc, 2705Craven, Stephen E., 1104, 2042Crawford, Don L., 1334, 2237, 3057Crawford, Ronald G., 364Crawford, Ronald L., 62, 594, 2452Creach, O., 2167Cregan, Perry B., 803, 1907Crichton, Caroline, 2971Crow, Vaughan L., 1892Crozier, Alan, 2833Cruz-Cruz, Norma E., 2574Cubo, M. Teresa, 1812Cummings, John H., 2750Cunningham, J. Douglas, 50Cuppels, Diane A., 629Curry, Claudia, 476Cusack, F., 1373Cusick, Lucy B., 1756, 3122Custer, C., 1104
Daeschel, M. A., 1627Dallmier, Anthony W., 581Dalsgaard, Inger, 2264Daly, Charles, 1230, 1951D'Amore, Tony, 110Daniel, Roy M., 622Daniels, Lacy, 600Darbord, Jacques Christian, 1581Dashkevicz, Michael P., 337Datta, Atin R., 2933David, Andrew W., 718Davidson, Barrie E., 655, 1039Davila, Guillermo, 848, 1280Davis, Patrick J., 2268Dawson, Karl A., 1341Day, Martin J., 555, 972, 2756de Bruin, W., 143, 548DeFlaun, Mary F., 718, 1682Dehority, B. A., 1946Deinema, Maria H., 2894de Kok, Theo M., 1126Delclos, K. Barry, 197de Leij, Loe, 2250Deloince, Robert, 2705de Mendoza, Diego, 1309Demeyer, Daniel I., 832DeNucci, Allan, 1394DePaola, Angelo, 617, 1861De Pauw, G., 2112de Reuver, Marjon J. B., 239de Ruiz Holgado, Afda P., 1309Desmazeaud, Michel J., 2527de Vicente, Antonio, 2786de Vrind-de Jong, E. W., 2140DeWeerd, Kim A., 1237Dey, Susanta K., 2152Dietzler, David N., 3142Djordjevic, Michael A., 2541Dobrogosz, Walter J., 824, 2599Dodd, Christine E. R., 1541Dodge, C. J., 1009Doke, Sunao, 2144Dolfing, Jan, 1871Dombek, K. M., 98
Domelsmith, Linda N., 1784Domingue, E. L., 741Dominguez, Lucas, 1622Donnelly, Catherine W., 364Donnelly, Paula K., 2237Douglas, Susan E., 3071Downes, Malcolm T., 172Doyle, Michael P., 497, 2365Dubel, J. R., 264Dubourguier, H. C., 441Ducklow, Hugh W., 791Du Cros, Eric Teissier, 2500Dudman, William F., 1825Duff, John H., 1071Dumont, Ann, 1313Dupont, Herbert L., 1673Durham, Don R., 996Durham, Rebecca J., 1564Dutka, B. J., 1632Dwyer, Daryl F., 1354
Edberg, Stephen C., 1595Edwards, Clive, 3107Eggink, Gerrit, 2924Egli, Christine, 2819Eicher, Petra, 490Eklund, M. W., 1405El-Abagy, M. M., 1632Elder, E. D., 2583Elliott, Larry P., 218El-Swaify, S. A., 945Erlandsen, Stanley L., 2777Ernandes, Jose Roberto, 2447Eschedor, J. T., 2257Escobar, Blanca, 1694Espejo, Romilio T., 1694Evans, Patrick J., 1662Eyssen, H., 2112
Fahey, George C., Jr., 1163Falkenstein, Hildegard, 2798Fallon, R. D., 1876Fan, Jin-Yuan, 699Fan, T. S. L., 2959Farfas, Ricardo N., 2107Farrah, Samuel R., 118, 1325, 2650Fathepure, Babu Z., 327, 2976Favero, Martin S., 1756, 3122Fedorak, Phillip M., 1243Feighner, Scott D., 337Fenters, James D., 1744Ferley, J. P., 2073Ferry, James G., 768Fielding, Elizabeth R., 835Fields, Barry S., 2677Fiksdal, Liv, 2118Finette, Barry A., 1498Fitzgerald, Gerald F., 1230Fitzgibbon, Joseph, 1886Flesher, Berdena, 1079Flickinger, Jeannette L., 3014Fliermans, C. B., 1709Flint, Harry J., 855Flynn, Pauline A., 1776, 1861Focht, D. D., 1940, 2683Foisner, Roland, 2608Forsberg, Cecil W., 1488Fox, R. L., 945Francis, A. J., 74, 1009Frankenberger, W. T., Jr., 2728Franklin, Michael J., 1151Franklin, Wirt, 197, 2549
ii AUTHOR INDEX
AUTHOR INDEX iii
Fredrickson, J. K., 446, 2916Freeman, James P., 2556Freier, Doris, 204Friedman, Orit (Dahan), 2411Friedrich, Barbel, 3173Frisvad, Jens C., 1504Froseth, Barrie R., 2136Fry, Brian, 250Fry, J. C., 972, 2756Fryer, J. L., 1606Fu, Haian, 87Fuhrman, Jed A., 1426Fujii, Nobuhiro, 69Fujii, Takao, 583Fujii, Toshio, 38Fujikawa, Hiroshi, 2345Fukuda, Hideo, 583Fukui, Sakuzo, 3147Fukushima, Hiroshi, 818Fulghum, Robert S., 1210Fuller, R. Clinton, 1977Fultz, Sara A., 2460
Gandy, Edwin L., 2031Garay, Esperanza, 2771Garayzabal, Jose F. F., 1622Garbow, Joel R., 2953Garcfa, Jose A., 1622Garcfa-Valdes, E., 2478Gardner, Robert M., 1634Garduno, Fermin, 277Gareis, Manfred, 225Garleb, Keith A., 1163Gascoyne, Deborah J., 2174Gaskins, Murray H., 2986Gattie, David K., 434Gaya, Pilar, 566Geider, Klaus, 2798Gelderblom, W. C. A., 1700, 1806Genthner, Fred J., 115Gerhardt, Philipp, 2515Germida, James J., 257Gernhardt, Petra, 734Gest, Howard, 250Ghangas, Gurdev S., 2521Ghosh, Amit, 3180Ghosh, Ranjit K., 3180Gibson, David T., 1399, 1498, 1703, 2415Gibson, Glenn R., 2750Gibson, Jane, 712Gidney, M. A. J., 2536Gierzak, John, 2619Gifford, George E., 118Giladi, Hilla, 1297Gilkes, Neil, 476Gilliland, S. E., 898Gilmer, Penny J., 951Giroux, Helene, 3064Giuseppin, Marco L. F., 2086Glatz, Bonita A., 748Glick, Bernard R., 638Gloer, James B., 861Gocke, Klaus, 784Goelling, Detlef, 1889Goks0yr, Jostein, 2908Golden, David A., 1451Golemboski, Christine, 642Golinski, Piotr, 2147Golovleva, L. A., 1587G6mez-Lucfa, Esperanza, 1622Gonzdlez, Enrique, 610Good, Robert C., 3122
Goodson, J., 1946Goodwin, Steve, 590Goossens, Valere, 851Gorris, Leon G., 1126Goto, Etsuo, 1511Gottlieb, A., 317Gould, S. L., 1930Goyke, Tamara, 309Goynes, Wilton R., 1784Greening, R. C., 502Grindley, J. F., 1770Grishin, Sergei I., 3092, 3101Grivet, J. P., 441Gross, Dennis C., 1345Gross, Richard A., 1977Guerin, William F., 929, 937Guilmette, Helene, 3169Guilvout, Ingrid, 2594Guinea, Jesuis, 3138Gurijala, Koteswara R., 2859Gustafsson, L., 2220Guthrie, Ellen P., 1964
Haandrikman, Alfred J., 231, 239Haas, Charles N., 2069, 2996Habibzadegah-Tari, Pouran, 375Habte, M., 945Hack, Rudiger, 2328Haggblom, Max M., 683, 1818, 3043Haggblom, Per, 2361Hagstrom, Ake, 1426Hahm, Young Tae, 1610Hahn, Matthias, 55Haigler, Billy E., 294Hall, Kenneth J., 2325Hallas, Laurence E., 2953Hamasaki, Takashi, 2096, 2101Hambleton, Peter, 1761Hammond, Earl G., 748Hanel, Heinz, 1068Hankinson, T. R., 1536Hanson, Richard S., 271, 2452Hardy, K. G., 1770Harmon, D. L., 2510Harper, Linda L., 2586Harris, R. F., 1430Hartman, P., 619Hartmann, Anton, 87Harwood, Caroline S., 712Hashizume, Terutaka, 2603Hatcher, P. G., 1051Hattori, Hiroyuki, 2603Hayashi, Michiaki, 818Hayashi, Yumiko, 2354Hayashida, Shinsaku, 1516, 1523, 2058Hayes, J. M., 250Hazen, Terry C., 1, 513, 979, 2331, 2574Hegde, S. V., 94Heine-Dobbemack, E., 454Heitkamp, Michael A., 1612, 2549, 2556Heller, Barbara, 2069, 2996Hendrix, C. M., 2580Hennecke, Hauke, 55Henson, J. Michael, 1570Herbes, Stephen E., 951Herman, Richard E., 2136Hem, Stephen, 1557Hertel, Greg, 3057Hespell, Robert B., 890, 1085, 1917Heuvelman, Kees J., 531Hewitt, Gary M., 1015Heym, Gloria A., 1304
Hicks, R. J., 2916Hieda, Tadaharu, 2354Hijnen, W. A. M., 2842Hill, Colin, 1230Hill, Dymphna, 239Hillier, Alan J., 655, 1039Hirshfield, Irvin N., 1855Ho, Frank-Ming, 688Hodson, Robert E., 1481, 2054Hoff, John C., 507Hoff, Kjell Arne, 2949Hofte, Herman, 2010Holben, William E., 703Hollocher, Thomas C., 1791Holmes, W. Michael, 268Holzapfel, Wilhelm H., 405Hom, Sherman Siu Ming, 358Hongo, Motoyoshi, 137Hopkins, Linda H., 617Hoppe, Hans-Georg, 784Horak, R. M., 1806Horgen, Paul A., 1643Horikoshi, Koki, 1066Horn, Bruce W., 1096Hosoda, Akira, 1523Hovi, Tapani, 371Howard, Gary T., 218, 1752Howgrave-Graham, Alan R., 799Hsiao, Kuang-Ming, 984Hsieh, Dennis P. H., 1063Huang, Li, 1488Hubbard, James G., 661Hubbell, David H., 2986Hubert, Patrick, 1307Hudson, J. Andrew, 622Hugdahl, M. B., 2365Hughes, Christopher V., 1957Huisman, Gjalt W., 2924Hung, Ling-Ling L., 353Hunt, Madelyn D., 1673Huntjens, J. L. M., 143Hurlbert, Ronald E., 2320Huyer, Marianne, 2625Hwang, Huey-Min, 2054Hylemon, Phillip B., 268Hyman, Michael R., 3187Hynning, Per-Ake, 524, 2226
Ideta, Kohtaro, 2767Igarashi, Hideo, 2345Ikeguchi, Naoki, 381Imanaka, Tadayuki, 2881, 3162Inagaki, Kenji, 150, 153Ingram, L. O., 98, 397, 1085Inniss, William E., 638Inoue, Takashi, 38Inoue, Takehiro, 1516Irvin, Jean E., 2672Israel, Daniel W., 2387Iwahara, Masayoshi, 137Iyer, V. N., 2273Izaguirre, George, 2424
Jackson, Linda, 2123Jacob, Gary S., 2953Jaenicke, R., 1258, 2375Jakubowski, Walter, 2777Jannasch, Holger W., 1203Jansens, Stefan, 2010Janssens, Michele, 851Jansson, Janet K., 703Januschka, Mary, 2777
VOL. 54, 1988
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
Jarvis, Audrey W., 777Jaskiewicz, K., 1806Jasmim, Janie M., 2833Jay, James M., 3003Jedlicki, Eugenia, 1694Jeffrey, Wade H., 331, 718, 1682, 3165Jellett, Joanne F., 1848Ji, Xiao-Bing, 1791Jimdnez, Juan, 917, 3126Johnson, Eric A., 753Johnson, Jennifer L., 497Johnson, Kristen A., 2619Johnson, Michael G., 3185Johnson, Randy, 600Johnston, Carl G., 1440Johnstone, Brian H., 2890Jonas, Robert B., 791Jones, David T., 676, 1289Jones, G. A., 1174Jones, Galen E., 929, 937Jones, Peter, 1033Jones, Ronald D., 2890Jones, Stephen H., 3177Jones, Winsome A., 1289J0rgensen, Bo Barker, 176Joutsjoki, Vesa, 245Juang, Ray-Yeng, 3156Jumelet, J. C., 548Juni, Elliot, 1304Jurek, Maria A., 2885
Kajino, Tsutomu, 1249, 1511Kajiura, Hiroko, 2603Kamei, Toshio, 2603Kamekura, Masahiro, 990, 2632Kamel, M., 1632Kamely, Daphne, 1776Kaneuchi, Choji, 3053Kang, Kyung Hee, 596Kaper, James B., 3180Kashket, Eva R., 1989Katagiri, Takayuki, 153Katinakis, Panagiotis, 3008Kato, Hajime, 844Kator, Howard, 2902Katsuta, Yumiko, 2603Kaufman, D. W., 2510Kawabata, Nariyoshi, 2532Kawakami, Hidekuni, 1254Kawamura, Osamu, 1302Kawanishi, Clinton Y., 1744Keister, Donald L., 423Keleti, Georg, 2677Kelley-Reitz, Diane J., 1874Kemker, Carla L., 281Kemp, Heather A., 1003Kemp, K. K., 2733Kennedy, M. E., 2856Keswick, Bruce H., 1673Ketcham, Robert B., 2318Ketelaar, Peter, 2924Keyser, Harold H., 803, 1907Khachatourians, George G., 1174, 2699Khan, A., 2664Kieft, Thomas L., 1678Kiene, Ronald P., 2208Kilburn, Douglas G., 518Kim, Choong-Hyun, 423Kim, Keun, 966Kim, Sang-Jin, 784Kimack, Nancee M., 2953Kimura, Kouichi, 69
Kimura, Takuhei, 1066King, A. Douglas, Jr., 822King, Christopher H., 3023King, Gary M., 130, 3079King, Laura K., 1630Kipphut, George W., 1440Kirchman, David L., 1934Kishimoto, Atsuko, 381Kishore, Ganesh M., 2953Klein, Albrecht, 734Klein Lankhorst, Rend M., 3008Klich, Maren A., 1784Klieve, Athol V., 1637Klowden, Marc J., 2320Knackmuss, Hans-Joachim, 1842Knowles, Roger, 1313Knudsen, Guy R., 343, 1557Kobashi, Kyoichi, 2027Kobayashi, Hester A., 693Kobayashi, Michihiko, 1030Kobayashi, Takekazu, 2632Koby, Simi, 1297Kohler, H.-P. E., 1940, 2683Kohler-Staub, D., 1940, 2683Kok, Jan, 231, 239Kolenbrander, Paul E., 1046, 1957Kolenc, Robert J., 638Komagata, Kazuo, 3053Komine, Tamotsu, 1330Kommedahl, T., 1930Kondo, Keiji, 38Kong, L. I., 2580Konig, H., 1258Konings, Wil N., 43, 2250Koopman, Joop P., 2971Korhola, Matti, 245Korthals, Eric T., 2003Kozlovsky, S. A., 1587Kozlowski, Maya, 3169Kriek, N. P. J., 1806Krishnan, B. Rajendra, 2273Kroon, Bermd M., 1126Kubicek, Christian P., 633Kuenen, J. Gijs, 2812Kuhn, Elmar P., 490Kulprecha, Songsri, 670Kunka, Blair S., 2349, 2578Kuriki, Takashi, 2881Kushner, Donn J., 990Kutney, James P., 1015Kuykendall, L. David, 423
Laan, Harry, 239, 2250Lageveen, Roland G., 2924Lajoie, Steven F., 2723Lakshmidevi, G., 1039Lalande, R., 183Lalucat, J., 2478Laluce, Cecflia, 2447Lambert, R., 830Lambou, Victor W., 1557Lambrecht, Randall S., 910Lamed, R. J., 1216Lamy, Franqois, 3064Langlois, Bruce E., 1341Langworthy, Thomas A., 1203Lanser, Janice A., 1591Lappin-Scott, H. M., 1365, 1373Lara, R. C., 898Larsen, Jens Laurits, 2264Larsson, Per, 1864Latge, J. P., 1795
Latus, Dorota, 1302Latus-Zietkiewicz, Dorota, 2147Lazarek, Stanislaw, 2149Le, Nguyen Thi, 2500Leak, Irene, 1341Lecadet, M.-M., 2689LeChevallier, Mark W., 649, 2492Leckie, Mary P., 3142Ledeboer, Aat M., 231Lee, Hung, 50Lee, Miau-Rong, 2335Lee, Monica J., 124, 1457Lee, Ramon G., 649, 2492Leedle, J. A. Z., 502Leenhouts, Kees J., 231Leffler, Deborah L., 1668Leffler, R. G., 1104Legmann, R., 323Leiker, Thomas J., 827Leisinger, Thomas, 2819, 3034Lejeune, Andrd, 302Leluan, Georges, 1581Lemmon, Joan, 1615Lenz, Robert W., 1977Lereclus, D., 2689Lesel, Rene, 2594Levanon, Avigdor, 1297Levesque, Roger C., 188Levy, Stuart B., 1776, 1861, 2432Lewis, David L., 434, 2054Lewis, Gillian D., 1983Lewis, Sherry M., 1163Li, Ren-Ki, 1838Li, S. W., 446, 2916Lidstrom, Mary E., 951Lifshitz, Ran, 3169Lighthart, Bruce, 1896Liljestrom-Suominen, Pirkko L., 245Lin, Jane H.-C., 416Lin, Sheun-Fuh, 3156Lindgren, Carin, 524Lindow, Steven E., 1557, 2281Ling, Kuo Huang, 585Lingens, Franz, 1199Linkfield, Timothy G., 2938Little, C. Deane, 951Ljungdahl, Lars G., 460Lo, Amy C., 2287Lobo, Anthony L., 1656Lobos, J. H., 1216Lockington, Robin A., 534, 1575Loesche, Walter J., 2305, 2311Loessner, Martin J., 3003Longo, Elisa, 3126Loren, Jose G., 3138Lovley, Derek R., 1472Ludemann, H.-D., 1258, 2375Ludlow, Jan M., 3039Lukacs, Klara, 607Lundgren, Bo V., 1689Lundin, R. E., 923Lupo, Davis, 588Luthy, Richard G., 1182, 1188
Macario, Alberto J. L., 79, 693, 835Macfarlane, George T., 2750Machida, Makoto, 3147MacKay, Ron M., 2287MacKenzie, C. Roger, 1023, 1170Mackie, Roderick I., 2155MacLeod, F. A., 1365Macler, Bruce A., 2737
iv AUTHOR INDEX
AUTHOR INDEX v
Macrae, Sharmane, 3133Mader, J. A., 264Madsen, E. L., 74Maehara, Masao, 670Mah, Robert A., 2064Mahaffey, William R., 2415Mahony, D. E., 264Maier, Robert J., 358Maiers, D. T., 2591Maki, James S., 2964Malina, Halina, 1109Mallonee, D. H., 168Maloney, S. E., 2874Mann, S., 2140Mannarelli, B., 1085Manning, Bradford W., 197Manning, Paul A., 1591Mansfield, Howard R., 1079, 1530Marasas, W. F. O., 1700, 1806Marquis, Robert E., 1318Marshall, Bonnie, 1776Marth, Elmer H., 2643Martin, Joel H., 1619Martin, Kendall, 2711Martin, Scott A., 3019Martin, Scott E., 581Martinez, Esperanza, 1280, 2825Martini, Alessandro, 2447Martini, Ann Vaughan, 2447Martlbauer, Erwin, 225, 2328Martouret, D., 2689Maruyama, Tsutomu, 577Marvalin, Olivier, 2149Marx, Irene, 1061Massa, Eddy M., 2107Mathew, Caluwadewa Deepal, 1030, 1766Mathis, Roland, 1307Matsunaga, Tadashi, 1330Mattingly, Jerome A., 1564Mattoon, James R., 966Mauger, Jacques, 1766Maule, A., 2874Mayberry, W. R., 741Mayfield, Colin I., 638Mayo, M. S., 2134Mazigh, Daniel, 2594McCarthy, Alan J., 3107McCarthy, Deborah M., 416McCarthy, Robert E., 1911, 1970McClain, Al, 2371McClary, Shane P., 3185McCombie, W. Richard, 1498McDaniel, C. Steven, 2586Mclnerney, Michael J., 1570McKay, Larry L., 1951, 2136McKinley, Vicky L., 1383McPhearson, R. M., 617, 1861Mead, Lorna J., 1174Means, Edward G., III, 2424Medina, Margarita, 566Mellano, Valerie J., 884Menasherov, Mazal, 540Menou, G., 2689Merckx, R., 2112Merker, Robert I., 2078Meronuck, R. A., 1930Merson, Richard L., 1446Meseguer, Inmaculada, 2381Messi, Ferruccio, 3034Messner, Kurt, 2608Metcalf, Theodore G., 1983Meyer, Richard F., 2838Michel, Charles B., 386
Midtvedt, Tore, 2971Mihelcic, James R., 1182, 1188Mikami, Yoichi, 2354Mikell, A. T., 1709Mileski, Gerald J., 2885Miller, Charles E., 2586Miller, Dwight W., 2556Miller, Jay F., 3039Miller, R. M., 1724Miller, Robert C., Jr., 476, 518Miller, Robert V., 1923Miller, Terry L., 2655, 2660, 2723Mirocha, Chester J., 1268, 1930, 2277Mise, Katsutoshi, 577Miski, Mahmut, 2268Mitchell, Ralph, 2964Miwatani, Toshio, 2144Miyaguchi, Masao, 2058Miyahara, Michiko, 577Mo, Kaiguo, 1523Moletta, R., 441Molyneaux, Stephen J., 1203Monnet, D., 2167Monteiro, Ana Maria, 2833Monteschio, Mary E., 281Montgomery, Douglas S., 1243Montgomery, Larry, 1079, 1163, 1530Montgomery, Stacy O., 604Moore, Kerry J., 3185Moore, Lillian V. H., 1957Moore, R. E., 2257Morel, Jean-Louis, 1325Morett, Enrique, 848Morgan, Michael R. A., 1003Mori, Manami, 150Moriguchi, Mitsuaki, 2767Morinligo, Miguel A., 2786Moriyama, Miki, 153Mormile, Melanie R., 3183Morotomi, Masami, 1158Mothershed, Cheryle P., 204Mountfort, Douglas O., 2293Mourey, Andre, 1307Mozo, Teresa, 1262Mseitif, L. M., 1405Muehlstein, Lisa K., 1668Mullen, Michael D., 2387Muller, Rudolf, 1199Munioa, F. J., 1715Murphy, Maeve C., 1951Murray, Christopher, 1591Murray, Robert E., 2711Murton, Ian B., 3187Mutai, Masahiko, 1158
Nabais, Regina C., 2439Nace, George W., 2305, 2311Nagaraja, T. G., 2510, 2733Nagasawa, Toru, 1030, 1766Nagashima, Kyo, 1249, 1511Nagayama, Satoshi, 1302Nagle, David P., Jr., 1237Nair, G. Balakrish, 3180Najm, Issam, 1277Nakahara, Hideomi, 2871Nakai, Hiroaki, 3162Nakajima, Hiromitsu, 2096Nakajima, Toshiaki, 1330Nakamura, Hiroshi, 2096Nakamura, Kunihiko, 2871Nakamura, Noriyuki, 1330Nakatsugawa, Shuji, 818
Nanri, Nobuya, 2058Narang, Saran A., 1023Nassos, Patricia S., 822National Collaborative Study, The, 1595Nautiyal, C. S., 94Nealson, Kenneth H., 1602, 2793Negr6n-Alvira, Abigail, 2331Neilson, Alasdair H., 524, 2226Nelson, Chad M., 3039Nelson, Michael J. K., 604Ndron, S., 570Neufeld, Ron J., 1420Newbold, C. James, 544, 2981Newcomb, Richard D., 1304Newell, S. Y., 1876Ng, Thomas K., 386Nickels, Janet, 1570Niel, Philippe, 1581Nielsen, Lars Peter, 2245Nielsen, Per V., 1504Nies, Anke, 3173Nihira, Takuya, 381, 670Nishibuchi, Mitsuaki, 2144Nishiguchi, Masayuki, 2532Nishimoto, Toshiaki, 2058Nishina, Tokuhiro, 818Nishino, Shirley F., 294Nishino, Toshiki, 670Nishiyama, Koushi, 844Nohynek, Liisa J., 3043Nomura, Yoshiyuki, 137Nordheim, E. V., 1430Normand, Philippe, 2636Notermans, Serve, 531Novais, Jdlio M., 903, 2439Novak, Patricia D., 358Nufiez, Manuel, 566
O'Brien, R. Douglas, 2281O'Bryan-Shah, P.J., 1917Odier, Etienne, 466Oesterhelt, Dieter, 990O'Gara, Fergal, 2877Ogawa, Takahira, 583Oguma, Keiji, 69Ogunseitan, O., 1923Ohashi, Hiroshi, 2603Ohmiya, Kunio, 1249, 1254, 1511, 2300Ohno, Tsuneya, 1158Ohta, Kazuyoshi, 2058Ohtani, Katsumi, 1302Ohtomo, Toshichika, 2486Ohtsuki, Isao, 3147Okada, Shigetaka, 2881Okla, Lennart, 1864Oku, Yuichi, 3180Oldham, William K., 2325O'Morchoe, Susan B., 1923Onaga, M. A., 1731O'Neill, Gary, 476Onishi, Hiroshi, 2632Oppenheim, Amos B., 1297Ordoniez, Juan A., 1462Oren, Rachel, 1297Orndorff, Steve A., 996Orvehed, Maria, 2361O'Sullivan, Daniel J., 2877Overman, Allen R., 118Owensby, C. E., 2510Owolabi, Joshua B., 518
Page, William J., 2123, 2625
VOL . 54, 1988
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
Pajeau, Mark, 1911, 1970Pal, Sudhir C., 3180Palacios, Rafael, 848, 1280Palmieri, Michael J., 2838Palumbo, Anthony V., 951Panchal, Chandra J., 110Pancorbo, Oscar C., 118, 741Pankratz, H. Stuart, 2515Papoutsakis, Eleftherios T., 2717Pares, R., 1715Park, Chang S., 966Park, Jong-Hyun, 2881Parker, Bruce C., 1630Parrington, L., 2536Parsons, Laura L., 2711Passagot, Jacques, 2705Paster, Nachman, 540Paszczyniski, Andrzej, 62Paterek, J. Robert, 1360Patterson, G. M. L., 2257Paul, John H., 331, 718, 1682, 3165Paul, Maria A., 2677Pavlostathis, Spyros G., 2655, 2660Paynter, M. J. B., 1360Payton, M. A., 1770Payzant, John D., 1243Peeler, James T., 364Pendland, J. C., 1795Peng, Yun Wen, 585Pereira, Wilfred E., 827Perez de Castro, Begofia, 1462Perez-Rosas, Nerybelle, IPerez-Suarez, Ismael, 2331Perkowski, Juliusz, 2147Perlin, Michael H., 2472Perry, M. B., 2536Pertsova, R. N., 1587Peterkin, P., 2536Petrick, Hendrik A. R., 405Pfaender, Frederic K., 212Pfeffer, John T., 1277Pfeiffer, Peter, 1068Phelps, T. J., 1709Phillips, Elizabeth J. P., 1472Pijck, Jacques, 1436Pinero, Daniel, 2825Pipke, Rudiger, 1293, 2868Plank, Mary C., 1564Platsouka, Evangelia, 2432Plattner, Ronald D., 2759Pokorny, J. D., 1930Pol, Arjan, 832Pollock, Thomas J., 277Porteous, L. Arlene, 343Porter, Karen G., 3023Possot, Odile, 734Powell, Ian B., 655Poyry, Tuija, 371Poysky, F. T., 1405Preston, David R., 1325, 2650Preusting, Hans, 2924Prince, Valerie J., 343, 1557Pritchard, P. H., 604Pucci, Michael J., 281, 2349Pueppke, Steven G., 1996
Quilici, Marie Laure, 2594
Rabot, P., 2689Rabot, Sylvie, 2594Radler, Ferdinand, 1068Rafii, Fatemeh, 1334
Raha, Syamal K., 2152Rajagopal, Basavapatna S., 600Ramachandra, Muralidhara, 3057Ramanand, K., 2129Rapaport, Eliezer, 1989Rasko, Istvan, 607Rasmussen, Henrik Berg, 2264Rasmussen, Mark A., 890, 1634Rassoulzadegan, Fereidoun, 1091Rast, Hans Georg, 1842Reed, William P., 1831Reingold, Arthur L., 3122Rella, Manuela, 1222Remberger, Mikael, 524, 2226Revsbech, Niels Peter, 176, 2245Reynolds, David, 1761Rhee, G-Yull, 1394Rhodes, Martha W., 2902Rice, Eugene W., 507Richardson, Alan E., 2541Richardson, Anthony J., 544Richardson, William H., 1602Ricke, Steven C., 596Riemann, Bo, 2213Rijnaarts, H. H. N., 548Riley, Bryan S., 2862Rimbault, Alain, 1581Rinckel, Lori A., 416Ringelberg, D., 1709Rippey, Scott R., 1874Rivera, Susan C., 513Robarts, Richard D., 3191Robben, J., 2112Robbins, J. E., 1300Robert-Gero, Malka, 1109Roberts, Irving, 268Robertson, Channing R., 2464Robertson, Lesley A., 2812Robinson, Campbell W., 638Robinson, Daena F., 158Robison, Richard A., 158Rodrfguez-Valera, F., 2381Roelofsen, W., 143Rohovec, J. S., 1606Rohr, Mary-Ellen, 309Rohr, Max, 633Rolfe, Barry G., 2541Romankiw, L., 1051Romero, David, 848Romero, Pedro, 2786Ron, E. Z., 317, 323Rosen, J. D., 1724Rosenberg, E., 317, 323Rosenhak, S., 317Rosswall, Thomas, 1689Rostad, Colleen E., 827Rotem, Avi, 2411Rotger, R., 2478Roth, William G., 3142Rouse, Dwight, 2964Rouwenhorst, Robert J., 1131Roy, A. K., 842Roy, Christian, 1550Roy, Samir K., 2152Rubinovitz, C., 317, 323Rudolph, Frederick B., 2717Ruiz-Argueso, Tomas, 1262Ruiz-Sainz, Jose E., 1812Runnals, P. Lynn, 50Russell, James B., 872, 2742Russell, Nicholas J., 555Ryser, Elliot T., 2643Ryu, Jae-chun, 1302
Sacks, L. E., 923Sa-Correia, Isabel, 903, 2439Sadowsky, Michael J., 1907Safferman, Robert S., 309Sage, Rossalyn, 1761Sahm, H., 454Sakai, Yasuyoshi, 485Saleh, Y. G., 2134Salgueiro, Sancha P., 903Salkinoja-Salonen, Mira S., 683, 1818,
3043Salyers, Abigail A., 1911, 1964, 1970Samain, E., 441Samuelsson, M.-O., 2220Sanchis, V., 2689Sandberg, Goran, 2833Santangelo, Joseph D., 676Santha, Miklos, 607Sanz, Bernabe, 1462Sattar, S. A., 2856Savage, Dwayne C., 416, 1619, 2398, 2405Sawant, A. D., 1099Saxena, Adesh, 1237Sayler, Gary S., 1923Scarpino, Pasquale V., 409Schaefer, Daniel M., 596Schaefer, Frank W., III, 2777Schaefer, Jacob, 2953Scheffers, W. Alexander, 1131, 2086Scheibling, Robert E., 1848Schink, Bernhard, 561Schmedding, David, 1557Schmidt, E. L., 1536Schmidt, Thomas M., 1602, 2793Schneider, Beate, 3173Schoberth, S. M., 454Schoenberg, Steven A., 1481Schoeni, Jean L., 497Scholtz, Rudolf, 2819, 3034Schreferl-Kunar, Gerlinde, 633Schreiner, Roger P., 1858Schroth, Milton N., 1222Schubring, S. L., 2959Schupp, Daniel G., 2777Schwander, Edwin, 2250Schwarzenbach, Rend P., 490Scott, G. H. E., 2140Segovia, Lorenzo, 848Seidler, Ramon J., 343, 1557Seki, Masako, 3053Selander, Robert K., 2825Seligy, Verner L., 1023, 2287Sesma, Fernando, 1309Sethunathan, N., 2129Setlow, Barbara, 1275Setlow, Peter, 1275Sewell, G. W., 1085Shah, Ketan S., 423Shah, Nilesh N., 3039Shane, Lana, 1394Shannon, Michael J.R., 1719Sharmila, M., 2129Sharp, Richard J., 2049Sharpe, A. N., 2536Shelef, Leora A., 3003Shelton, Daniel R., 1354, 2566, 2572Sherlock, Lee Ann, 2777Sherr, Barry F., 1091Sherr, Evelyn B., 1091Sherwood, Robert L., 1744Shih, Jason C. H., 2335Shimizu, Fumio, 38Shimizu, Shoichi, 1249, 1254, 1511, 2300
vi AUTHORINDEX
AUTHOR INDEX vii
Shiozawa, Kanji, 818Shivprasad, Shailaja, 2123Shook, Darlene, 2933Shotts, Emmett B., Jr., 3023Shotwell, Odette L., 1096Shrago, Anne W., 824Shuttleworth, K. L., 3086Sibbald, Mary Jo, 613Sibold, Lionel, 734Sijtsma, Lolke, 2808Silverman, Michael, 30Simmons, Karen W., 760Simonet, Pascal, 2500Simpson, Richard J., 2541Singer, George M., 1724Singh, Mahatam, 1015Singleton, David R., 2866Singleton, Paul W., 848, 1112, 1494Singleton, Rivers, Jr., 2318Sinha, K. K., 842Sinskey, Anthony J., 1138Skipper, Nigel, 476Slade, S. J., 1430Slosarek, M., 619Smid, Eddy J., 2250Smit, John, 809, 2078Smith, A. R. W., 2874Smith, C. S., 1430Smith, Darrell B., 1595Smith, David W., 2866Smith, M. Scott, 2711Smith, P. H., 1085Smith, Richard L., 1071Smits, Jan D., 2213Sobecky, Patricia, 1481Soderhall, Kenneth, 2361Somich, Cathleen J., 2566Sone, Hidetaka, 38S0rensen, Jan, 2245Spain, Jim C., 294, 1399Sparks, N. H. C., 2140Speckman, R. A., 168Spies, H. S. C., 1700Springthorpe, V. S., 2856Srebotnik, Ewald, 2608Stack, Robert J., 878Stafford, Allan E., 822Stahl, David A., 1079Stahl, Ulf, 1889Stamm, Lola V., 728Starink, Mathieu, 3113Steele, James L., 1951Steele, Trevor W., 1591Steffan, Robert J., 2003, 2185, 2908Stenvik, Mirja, 371Sterkenburg, Aart, 2808Stetter, K. O., 1258, 2375Stevens, S. Edward, Jr., 1858Stevens, Todd O., 2938, 2944Stewart, David, 996Stewart, Graham G., 110Stewart, Philip S., 2464Steyn, Pieter L., 799Stipkovits, Laszlo, 607Stoner, Daphne L., 791Stotzky, G., 1731Stray, James E., 2320Strobel, Herbert J., 872Strom, M. S., 1405Stubblefield, Robert D., 1096Stutzenberger, Fred, 588Su, T. M., 1216Suarez, Guillermo, 1622
Sudheim, Leif, 1302Suflita, Joseph M., 1237Sugio, Tsuyoshi, 150, 153Suidan, Makram T., 1277Sullivan, Gretchen, 839, 1880Sutherland, John B., 1882Swango, L. J., 2580Swindoll, C. Michael, 212Sykora, Jan L., 2677Sylvester-Bradley, Rosemary, 1033Sylvia, David M., 348, 353Szabo, R. A., 2536
Taguchi, Hisaharu, 670Takeda, Tae, 3180Takeda, Yoshifumi, 3180Tamura, Gakuzo, 3156Tan, P. S. T., 43Tanaka, Jun-ichi, 38Tani, Yoshiki, 485Tanner, Ralph S., 625Tannock, Gerald W., 1615, 2971Tano, Tatsuo 150, 153Tari, P. H., 2037Taylor, Barrie F., 2208, 2342Taylor, Scott, 2759Teather, Ronald M., 2672Tepper, Craig S., 375Terakado, Nobuyuki, 2096Teramoto, Yuji, 1516, 2058Terplan, Gerhard, 225, 2328Terracciano, Joseph S., 1989Tewari, R., 2664Theodorou, Michael K., 2174Thiel, P. G., 1700, 1806Thiele, Jurgen, 1199Thiele, Jurgen H., 10, 20Tholozan, J. L., 441Thomas, Peter T., 1744Thompson, D. L., 2591Thomson, Andrew M., 855Thomson, Jennifer A., 3133Thorne, Linda, 277Thornton, Philip, 1033Tiedje, James M., 327, 703, 1354, 1409,
1871, 2938, 2944Tien, Ming, 1858Tierney, John T., 364Todd, E. C. D., 2536Toizumi, Satoshi, 2144Tomei, Francisco A., 2964Tomoda, Ryuzo, 1330Tonon, Frank, 466Topp, Edward, 2452Toranzos, Gary A., 513, 2574Torremans, Rob A. M., 2812Toth-Prestia, Cynthia, 1855Towne, Gene, 2510, 2733Trahan, L., 570Tranter, Howard S., 1761Tranvik, Lars, 1864Trautwetter, Annie, 1466Travkin, V. M., 1587Treeful, Linda, 2277Trias, Joaquim, 3138Truckenbrod, S. M., 861Trucksess, Mary W., 2933Trudel, Pierre, 1550Tsai, Chin-Shiow, 688Tsai, Ying-Chieh, 984, 3156Tschan, Thomas, 2819Tseng, Ching-Ping, 984
Tsukada, Akiko, 1511Tsuzuki, Kayo, 69Tully, Raymond E., 1624Tuovinen, Olli H., 3092, 3101Tuttle, Jon H., 791Tyndall, R. L., 741Tyndall, Richard L., 951Tyznik, W. J., 1946
Ueno, Yoshio, 1302Umeda, Tetsuya, 2144Updegraff, David M., 827Uribe, Paulina, 1694Ursing, J., 2478Uyen, H. M., 837
Vaeck, Mark, 2010van Berkum, P., 94van Boven, A., 43Vandenbergh, Peter A., 2349, 2578van den Bos, Rommert C., 3008Vandepitte, Joseph, 851van de Pol, H., 1770Van Der Baan, Adriaan A., 1131Vanderbruggen, Hilde, 2010van der Drift, Chris, 1126van der Kooij, D., 2842van der Lelie, Daniel, 865van der Mei, H. C., 837van der Vossen, Jos M. B. M., 865van Dijken, Johannes P., 1131, 2086Van Eldere, J., 2112Van Etten, James L., 2170van Groenestijn, Johan W., 2894Vanhaecke, Erwin, 1436Van Houtven, Annemie, 2010van Kammen, Albert, 3008Van Kavelaar, Margaret J., 386VanMiddlesworth, Frank, 2759van Niel, Ed W. J., 2812Van Rie, Jeroen, 2010Van Staden, Johannes, 3133Vasavada, Amit B., 1063Vadsquez, Claudio, 610Vasta, Manuela, 768Vasudevan, Tirucherai V., 1325Vedamuthu, Ebenezer R., 2349Vega, Esther Z., 748Venema, Gerard, 231, 239, 865, 1230Venosa, Albert D., 839Verduyn, Cornelis, 2086Verma, Sugandha M., 2677Vesonder, Ronald F., 830, 2147Vestal, J. Robie, 957, 960Vidal, D., 2167Vidal, Pierre, 3064Viegas, Cristina A., 2439Vinials, Alberto Lopez, 2107Vinias, Miquel, 3138Virelizier, Henri, 1581Visser, Leo E., 1131Vleggaar, R., 1806Vlekke, Gerard J. F. M., 2894Vogels, Godfried D., 1126
Wackett, Lawrence P., 1703Wada, Kimihito, 150Wadowsky, Robert M., 2677Wagener, Stefan, 561Waites, Will M., 1541Wake, Akira, 577Walet, P., 143
VOL . 54, 1988
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
Walfield, Alan M., 277Walia, S., 2664Wallace, R. John, 544, 2981Wallace, Rebecca, 990Walter, Michael V., 343, 1557Walter, Sabine, 2798Wang, Henry Y., 1662Wang, Yi-Tin, 1277Ward, David M., 1738Warren, R. Antony J., 518Warth, Alan D., 2091Watanabe, R. A., 1606Watkins, William D., 1874Watson, Robert J., 574Watt, Nicola D., 544Wauters, Georges, 851Wedekind, Karen J., 1530Weeg-Aerssens, Els, 1354Weerkamp, A. H., 837Wei, R. D., 2959Weimer, Paul J., 386Weisleder, David, 2759Welling, Gjalt W., 2971Wentz, Barry A., 2933Wernars, Karel, 531Werquin, Michel, 188Westermann, Peter, 2393Westlake, Donald W. S., 1243Wetzel, Robert G., 2018Wheatcroft, Roger, 574Wheeler, W. B., 288Whiley, Susan J., 1591White, Bryan A., 890, 1634, 1752White, David C., 1383, 1570, 1709White, Graham F., 555Whitman, William B., 1151Whitmer, Mary E., 753Whitt, Dixie D., 2398, 2405Wichlacz, P. L., 2591Wickham, Gene S., 2192Wicklow, Donald T., 830, 1096Wicks, Richard J., 3191
Wiebe, William J., 1151Wiegel, Juergen, 204, 460Wiesenborn, Dennis P., 2717Wiggins, Bruce A., 2803Wijnen, P., 143Wild, James R., 2586Wilkie, A., 1085Wilkins, Clive A., 2155Will, M. E., 348Williams, D., 1085Williams, D. E., 2580, 2583Williams, Ralph A. D., 2049Williams, Regan S., 693Willick, Gordon E., 2287Wilson, David B., 2521Winfrey, Michael R., 2003Wirsen, Carl O., 1203Witholt, Bernard, 2924Wittich, Rolf Michael, 1842Wohrer, Wilfried, 633Wolfe, Ralph S., 625Wolfe, Roy L., 2424Wolin, Meyer J., 2655, 2660, 2723Wollum, A. G., II, 2387Wong, D. Michael, 1446Wong, Hin-Chung, 699, 2179Wong, Tit-Yee, 473Woods, David R., 676, 1289Woodward, William E., 1673Wooley, Richard E., 760, 3023Woomer, Paul L., 1112, 1494Worley, S. D., 2580, 2583Worthington, John M., 1210Wortman, Alan T., 1284, 1901Wouters, Jan T. M., 2808
Xu, Guo-Wei, 1345Xue, Gang-Ping, 534Xun, Luying, 2064
Yabe, Kimiko, 2096, 2101
Yagoda-Shagam, Janet, 1831Yamada, Hideaki, 1030, 1766Yamada, Tetsuo, 2486Yamada, Yasuhiro, 381Yamasaki, Makari, 3156Yamashita, Ichiro, 3147Yamazaki, Yoshinari, 2354Yan, Run-Tao, 642Yang, Robert C. A., 1023Yano, Mitsuo, 2603Yee, Robert B., 2677Yoch, Duane C., 2031Yoh, Myonsun, 2144Yokoi, Haruhiko, 2632Yokosawa, Noriko, 69Yokoyama, Melvin T., 2619Yoshida, Kosaku, 2486Yoshida, Roberta, 271Yoshida, Toshiomi, 670Youngleson, Jonathan S., 676Young-Perkins, Kathleen E., 1446Yousef, Ahmed E., 2643
Zam, Stephan G., 2986Zappe, Harold, 1289Zdor, Robert E., 1996Zehnder, A. J. B., 143, 548, 2894Zeikus, J. Gregory, 10, 20, 590Zelibor, J. L., Jr., 1051Zeller, Wolfgang, 2798Zeph, L. R., 1731Zeyer, Josef, 490Zhang, Min, 3162Zhang, Yanping, 2170Zhen,Ye Li, 153Zhu, Chang-Xi, 642Zierdt, Charles H., 2590Zinder, Stephen H., 124, 1457, 1656Zmirou, D., 2073Zocher, Rainer, 2504Zylstra, Gerben J., 1498
viii AUTHORINDEX
SUBJECT INDEXVOLUME 54
Abietic acidbiotransformation, 1015
Acceptabilityground beef
lactic acid concentration, 822Acclimation period
biodegradation, 2803organic chemical mineralization, 3177
Acenaphthenemicrobial degradation, 1182, 1188
Acetatebenzoate degradation, 1871butyrate metabolism inhibition, 2393oxidation by a thermophile, 124production
electrodialysis fermentation, 137human feces microflora, 2723
Acetate-oxidizing bacteriahydrogen partial pressures, 1457
Acetobacterium woodiitetrachloromethane transformation, 2819
a-Acetolactate decarboxylaseE. aerogenes gene
expression in brewer's yeast, 38nucleotide sequence, 38
expression in E. coli, 18893-Acetyldeoxynivalenol
production by F. graminearum R2118effects of metals, 1063
N-Acetyl-D-glucosamineB. bassiana protease regulation, 2699
Acid environmentsforest soil
Nitrobacter strains, 1536lake sediments
effects of acidification, 2003mine water
E. coli cell repair, 1901preservatives
effect on yeasts, 2091Acid tolerance
oral bacteria, 1318Acidogenic bacteria
Lactobacillus strains, 3053steers fed high- or low-forage diets
postprandial changes, 502Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
biodispersanproduction, 317purification and properties, 323
Acinetobacter spp.phosphate accumulation, 2894
Acremonium coenophialumisolation from tall fescue, 2615
Actinomucor taiwanensisgrowth and enzyme production
effects of humidity, 688effects of temperature, 688
Actinomycetesanimal waste treatment, 2058
Activated sludgeS. natans
detection, 799Activation thermodynamics
virus adsorption, 2650Adaptation
subsurface microbial communitiesinfluence of nutrients, 212
AdherenceBATH test bioluminescence assay, 1436P. putida
root surface agglutinin, 375Adhesion
polystyrene particlessolid substrata, 837
S. mitissolid substrata, 837
AdsorptionF. equiseti M41
lithocholic acid conversion, 670viruses, 2650
Aeromonas hydrophilagrowth kinetics, 2842nutritional versatility, 2842pheno-/genotypic characterization, 1861recovery from waters, 2786
Aeroponic culturevesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,
353Aerosols
E. colisurvival, 1776
influenza viruspathogenicity in mice, 1744
P. syringaeaerial dispersal, 1557epiphytic survival, 1557
S. zooepidemicuspathogenicity in mice, 1744
spray irrigation siteanimal viruses, coliphages, and
bacteria, 409Affinity purification
endoglucanase gene product, 2521AflatoxinsA. parasiticus mutants, 2096biosynthetic relationships, 2101contamination of drug plants, 842estimation of levels
fluorescence method, 274Ml
milk, 1622AgarStreptomyces plasmid transfer, 1334
AgaraseP. atlantica
cloning of gene, 30gene replacement mutagenesis, 30
Agaricus bisporuscrosses among homokaryons, 1643
Agaricus brunnescenscrosses among homokaryons, 1643
Agepigs
fecal coliform antibiotic resistance,1341
AgglutininsP. putida
adherence and colonization, 375fusarium wilt suppression, 2037
rhizosphere bacteriaeffect on activity, 1838
Aggregated bacteriaas food sources, 613
Agrobacterium tumefacienstomato plant colonization, 3133
AgrocinA. tumefaciens control, 3133
Alcaligenes denitrificansD-aminoacylase production, 984, 2767taxonomic study, 984
ix
Alcohol dehydrogenaseC. acetobutylicum gene
expression in E. coli, 676T. ethanolicus
purification and properties, 460Algae
chemical compositioncomparative analysis, 1051
decomposed residueschemical composition, 1051
S. capricornutum2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl effects,
1394viruses isolated in China, 2170
Algal matsmethanogenesis
methylated amines, 130Alghumin
green algaechemical composition, 1051
Alkaline elastaseBacillus strain Ya-B, 3156
Alkaline hydrogen peroxidecellulosic substrate degradation, 1163
Alkalophilesalkaline elastase, 3156bacteria
isolation, 1066Alkyl phenols
phenol degradation effects, 1277n-Alkyl tetrahydrothiophenes
microbial degradation, 1243Alkylated benzenes
anaerobic degradation, 490Alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
aerobic biomineralization, 548biodegradation in soil slurry, 143
Alternaria alternatamycotoxin production inhibition, 2361
AluminumR. leguminosarum nodulation, 2541
Amino acidsAzospirillum spp.
influence on growth, 87influence on N2 fixation, 87
peptostreptococcus fermentation, 2742D-AminoacylaseA. denitrificans
production by strain MI-4, 2767production and purification, 984
Aminopeptidaserefrigerated meat bacterial content, 1462
Ammoniaproduction by a ruminal bacterium, 872
Ammonia monooxygenaseinteraction with hydrocarbons, 3187
Ammonium-oxidizing bacteriaenergy source deprivation, 2890
AMPS. cerevisiae
ethanol production decline, 98Amphipods
bacterial isolatesplasmids, 1284
a-AmylaseB. subtilis 65
production and characteristics, 1516production by N. frontalis, 2293Saccharomyces spp.
starch utilization, 966
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
Amylolytic activityselected ruminal bacteria, 772yeast strains, 2447
Anaerobic bacteriasulfur cycle
34S/32S fractionation, 250Animal feed
refusal by swineEurotium spp. and echinulin, 830
ANITRON reactormethanogen characterization, 693
Antarctic desertcryptoendolithic microbiota
biomass, 957carbon metabolism, 960
AnthraquinoneX. luminescens pigment, 1602
Antibiotic resistanceA. hydrophila
isolates from cultured catfish, 1861enumeration of soil bacteria, 446fecal coliforms from pigs, 1341Leuconostoc spp.
plasmid conjugal transfer, 281Antibiotics
Erwinia spp.role in competition, 1222
oxytetracyclineresistant A. hydrophila, 1861
pyridinium-type polymers, 2532sinefungin
regulation of biosynthesis, 1109tetracycline
resistant A. hydrophila, 1861tetronasin
effect on ruminal microorganisms, 544X. luminescens
hydroxystilbene antibiotic, 1602Antibodies
double staining of bacteria, 2949E. coli identification, 2536roridin A enzyme immunoassay, 225ruminal bacterial species
differentiation, 596vibriocidal antibodies, 1673
Antifungal agentsP. anomala killer toxin
anti-C. albicans activity, 1079sinefungin
regulation of biosynthesis, 1109Antigens
Listeria spp.identification, 1564
Rhizobium spp.numerical taxonomic analysis, 1825
Antiparasitic agentssinefungin
regulation of biosynthesis, 1109API 20E
bacillus identification, 2838Aquatic bacteria
2-methylisoborneol degradation, 2424naphthalene degradation, 2478plasmid DNA recipients, 115production measurement, 3191
Aquatic environmentsA. hydrophila
antibiotic resistance, 1861bacterial production and metabolismmeasurement, 791
bacterial sublethal injury, 2859microbial decomposition, 784P. aeruginosa survival, 2574
plasmid transfer, 1923substrate removal rate prediction, 434viruses of Chlorella-like strain, 2170xenobiotic aromatic pollutants
degradation, 1864Aquifers
denitrification, 1071laboratory columns
anaerobic degradation, 490quinoline hydroxylation, 827trichloroethylene degradation, 1709
ArchaebacteriaDesulfurococcus spp.
deep-sea hydrothermal vents, 1203H. mediterranei
polysaccharide production, 2381M. barkeri 227
diazotrophy, 1656nitrogenase activity, 1656
M. thermolithotrophicusprotein pattern alterations, 2375
M. voltaedrug resistance, 734
argBA. oryzae NRRL 492
genetic transformation, 1610Arginine deiminase system
protection of oral bacteria, 1318Arochlor 1254enhanced transformation, 1940
Aromatic compoundscleavage from lignocellulose, 2237degradation in humic water, 1864marine sediment slurrieshydrocarbon degradation, 1649
metabolism by R. palustris, 712microbial degradation
trichloroethylene metabolism, 604Arthrobacter atrocyaneus
glyphosate degradation, 1293Arthrobacter spp.
bacteriophage isolation and characteriza-tion, 1466
glyphosate utilization, 2868haloalkane degradation, 3034squalene-to-geranylacetone pathway, 381
Arthrobacter viscosuspenicillin G acylase gene, 2603
L-AscorbateE. citreus
production of an intermediate, 1770Aspergillus ficum
cellobiohydrolasesproduction and characteristics, 1523
Aspergillus nigera-ionone conversion, 2354oxalate biosynthesis
cytoplasmic pathway, 633Aspergillus oryzae
argB mutant transformation, 1610Aspergillus parasiticus
aflatoxin relationships, 2101impaired aflatoxin production, 2096
Aspergillus terreusterritrem biosynthesis, 585
AtmosphereT-2 toxin production on corn
inhibition, 540Attachment
caulobacters, 2078entomopathogenic fungi, 1795microorganisms
substrate removal, 434
Aviceldigestion by A. ficum
cellobiohydrolases, 1523Azospirillum brasilense
cell surface analysis, 1831indoles, 2833
Azospirillum lipoferumfloc formation, 2986indoles, 2833
Azospirillum spp.growth
influence of amino acids, 87nitrogen fixation
influence of amino acids, 87Azotobacter chroococcum
sodium-dependent strains, 2123Azotobacter vinelandiigrowth
effects of mannose, 473siderophore production, 2625
Baccharis spp.trichothecene metabolism, 2277
Bacillus cereusdairy products
incidence and characterization, 699growth and germination, 2179
Bacillus polymyxa2,3-butanediol production
mutant strain, 168xylanase gene
expression in E. coli, 1023Bacillus pumilis
lipolytic enzyme purification, 1307Bacillus sphaericus
crystal toxin toxicity, 2320Bacillus spp.
alkaline elastase, 3156endoglucanase geneshomology with C. acetobutylicum
gene, 1289hausmannite formation, 2140manganese oxidation, 2140
Bacillus stearothermophilusheat shock effects, 2515host-vector systems, 3162thermostable pullulanase, 2881
Bacillus subtilisa-amylase
production and characteristics, 1516plasmid transfer, 1309protein excretion into medium, 2287pullulanase gene expression, 2881sporesUV light resistance, 1275
Bacillus thuringiensisC. necator response, 2161insecticidal crystal proteins, 2010
Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawaif-endotoxin gene product, 2689
Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensismosquitocidal endotoxins
structural relatedness, 277Bacterial metabolismmeasurement in natural waters, 791
Bacterial pathogenssurvival during chlorination, 3023
Bacterial productionaquatic bacterial studies, 3191measurement in marine waters, 1934measurement in natural waters, 791calculation from [3H]thymidine incorpo-
X SUBJECT INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX xi
ration, 2213Bacterial sizemeasurement, 105
BacteriocinC. botulinum type G
plasmid-mediated production, 1405L. monocytogenes inhibition, 2349P. acidilactici production, 2349
Bacteriophage DNAprotoplast transfection, 3014
Bacteriophages434
repressor from E. coli plasmid, 1293Arthrobacter spp.
isolation and characterization, 1466Brevibacterium spp.
isolation and characterization, 1466C. botulinum
nucleic acid characterization, 69ch2
characterization, 1138lactic streptococciplasmid-encoded insensitivity, 777resistance, 2808transfer of sensitivity, 1951
lambdaR. albus 8 cellulase gene expression,
1752P1
transduction of E. coli, 1731R. meliloti
study, 188ruminal bacteriophages
morphological diversity, 1637S. cremoris BK5genome circular permutation, 1039
S. ruminantiumisolation and characterization, 1575
stabilities, 2590Bacterioplankton
[3H]thymidine incorporation, 331, 2213Bacterivory
marine phagotrophic protozoatemperature dependence, 1091
Bacteroides ruminicolaenumeration with DNA probe, 534phenolic monomer effect, 3019tetracycline resistance
plasmid-associated transfer, 855Bacteroides spp.
identification, 1158Bacteroides succinogenes
cellodextrinasecomparison of two forms, 1488purification, 1488
cellulosic substrate degradation, 11630-glucanase gene cloning, 2672phenolic monomer effect, 3019
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicronchromosome deletion, 1964mucopolysaccharides as substrates, 1970
Bacteroides vulgatusstarch as substrate, 1911
Bacteroidsdehydrogenase complex, 3008
Bacto-Peptonelysis of halobacteria, 990
Baker's yeasta-galactosidase production, 245
BamHIY. ruckeri plasmid analysis, 2594
Banana juice fermentationoptimization, 748
Batch cultureC. beijerinckii
solvent production, 642C. butylicum
solvent production, 642hay fermentation, 2174
BATH testnumber of adhering bacteria
bioluminescence assay, 1436Beach replenishment
vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,348
Beauveria bassianaextracellular protease regulation, 2699
BeaversGiardia transmission, 2777
Beef extractelution of enteroviruses, 1880
Beef extract reagentsrecovery of viruses, 309
Benz[a]anthracenepolycyclic aromatic acid production,
2415Benzene
anaerobic degradation, 490Benzo[a]pyrene
biodegradation, 1724Benzoate
degradation, 1871effect on yeasts, 2091
Beta-hexachlorocyclohexanebiodegradation in soil slurry, 143
BetaineE. coli colony formation, 3147
Bifidobacterium spp.selective medium, 1715
Bile acidslysis of halobacteria, 990
BiocidesL. pneumophila
effects, 741pentachlorophenol
ruminal microorganism sensitivity,2619
BiocorrosionD. desulfuricans
carbon steel corrosion, 386Biodegradationcoumaphos, 2566diethylthiophosphoric acid, 2572haloaliphatic hydrocarbons, 2578haloalkanes, 3034hydroxybiphenyls, 2683kraft indulin lignin, 30642-methylisoborneol, 2424microbial acclimation, 2803naphthalene, 2478nitriles in shale oil, 2197pentachlorophenol, 2885phenolic compounds, 3043psychrotrophic bacterium
plasmid mediation, 638pyrethroid insecticides, 2874pyridine compounds, 2342subsurface microbial communities
effect of nutrients, 212BiodispersanA. calcoaceticus A2
production, 317purification and properties, 323
BioemulsifiersS. cerevisiae mannoprotein, 1420
Biofilmsinactivation of bacteria, 2493model rock system plugging, 1365
Biological controlA. tumefaciens, 3133crown gall, 3133M. sanguinipes
gut microbial ecology, 1174pesticides
risks to humans, 1744Pseudomonas spp., 2877
Bioluminescenceassay in BATH test, 1436
Biomasscryptoendolithic microbiota, 957estimation in marine waters, 1934green algae
chemical composition, 1051primary and secondary production
southwestern reservoir, 661subtropical estuary
seasonal and diel variability, 718waterflood injection well, 1383
BiotransformationF. equiseti M41
lithocholic acid, 670M. isabellina
resin acids, 1015Bison
ruminal ciliated protozoa, 2733ruminal microorganisms, 2510
Bovine growth hormoneexpression by E. coli plasmid
selective stabilization, 1293Bovine milk phagocytes
L. monocytogenes inactivation, 364Bradyrhizobium japonicum
competition for nodulation, 1996competitiveness
effect of Glycine spp., 803early infection, 1996non-H2-utilizing mutants, 358novel nodulation region
cloning and mapping, 55phosphorus nutrition effects, 2387stability of soil inoculants, 2636transposon TnS-generated mutants, 358
Bradyrhizobium spp.association with pigeon peahydrogen oxidation, 94nitrogen fixation, 94nodulation, 94
colony dimorphism, 1033Brevibacterium spp.
bacteriophage isolation and characteriza-tion, 1466
Brewer's yeasta-acetolactate decarboxylase gene
expression, 38Bromacil
degradation in soil, 22035-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-p-D-glucuro-
nideE. coli identification, 1874
2,3-ButanediolB. polymyxaenhanced production, 168
ButanolC. acetobutylicumenhanced formation, 1662
Butyratemetabolism by bacterial coculture, 1354,
2393
VOL . 54, 1988
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
synthesispropionate reductive carboxylation,
441Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens
esterase activities, 1917polysaccharide production, 878xylan-degrading strains, 1085
Byssinosiscotton dust
fungal mannitol production, 1784
CadmiumKlebsiella sp.
toxicity, 1689Calcium
alcoholic fermentation effect, 2439D. vulgaris plating efficiency, 2318R. leguminosarum nodulation, 2541S. bayanus ethanol tolerance, 2439
Campylobacterjejunicolonization of chicks, 2365
Candida albicansP. anomala toxin activity, 1099
Candida boidiniidetergent-treated mutant strainformaldehyde production, 485
Candida pintolopesiipopulation changes, 2371
Carbofuranbacterial metabolism, 1414, 2129
Carbonallocation in R. sphaeroides, 2737assimilation by yeasts, 3185metabolism
cryptoendolithic microbiota, 960oxidation
novel microbial energy metabolism,1472
pentachlorophenol metabolism, 2452Carbon dioxide
acetate production, 2723fixation by strain DCB-1, 2944
Carbon monoxideN. cryotolerans survival, 2890
Carbon steelcorrosion by D. desulfuricans, 386
Carcinogensbacterial oxidation, 2415fumonisins, 1806
CatalaseL. monocytogenes
effect of heat injury, 581Cations
role in phosphate removal, 2894Cattlecoumaphos degradation, 2566diethylthiophosphoric acid mineraliza-
tion, 2572high- and low-forage diets
postprandial changes in the rumen,502
L. monocytogenesfate in tissues, 497
ruminal bacteriophagesmorphological diversity, 1637
ruminal microorganisms, 2510Caulobacters
adhesive holdfast, 2078isolation and characterization, 809potential for experimentation, 809
Cecal microorganismspony
effects of diet change, 1946R. cecicolaDNA degradation, 1619
Cell extractscellulolytic ruminal bacteria
seed germination, 218methylation of halogenated phenols, 524methylation of thiophenols, 524R. minuta
isobutene-forming system, 583Cell surfaceA. brasilense
analysis, 1831Cell wall
L. lactis subsp. cremoris, 2808S. cremoris Wg2
proteinase gene, 231CellobiohydrolasesA. ficum IFO 4034
production and characteristics, 1523Cellodextrinase
B. succinogenescomparison of two forms, 1488purification, 1488
CellulaseR. albus 8 genes
expression in bacteriophage X, 1752R. albus F-40
gene cloning, 1511R. albus gene transfer, 2300
Cellulolytic bacteriaenumeration and isolation, 1530seed germination, 218
Cellulomonas fimiendoglucanase B structural gene
expression in E. coli, 518exoglucanase
expression in S. cerevisiae, 476Cellulose
degradation, 1163degradation by B. fibrisolvens
inhibition by methylcellulose, 890fermentation, 2655, 2660T. curvata utilizationendoglucanase patterns, 588
Channel catfishA. hydrophila isolates, 1861
CheeseL. monocytogenes recovery, 2643
Cheese wheyR. meliloti
effect on survivability, 183Chemical dosing
nontuberculous mycobacteriaisolation from water supplies, 1756
ChemotaxisP. syringae pv. tomato, 629R. littoreum, 1668
Chickenscolonization by C. jejuni, 2365egg yolk antibodies
differentiation of ruminal bacteria, 596Chili
C. perfringens growth, 1104Chinchilla
cecal and fecal bacterial flora, 1210Chlorella spp.
viruses isolated in China, 2170Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons
metabolism, 2578Chlorinated biphenyls
P. putida catabolic pathway, 2664
Chlorinated nitroaromatic compoundsenzymatic dehalogenation, 1199
Chlorinated para-hydroquinones0-methylation, 1818
Chlorinated phenolshydroxylation and dechlorination, 6830-methylation, 1818
Chlorinationbacterial survival, 3023
Chlorinedrinking water
bacterial survival, 649Giardia cyst inactivation, 2580L. pneumophila
effects, 741particle-associated coliforms
inactivation, 5074-Chlorobenzoate dehalogenase
chlorinated nitroaromatic compoundsdehalogenation, 1199
4-ChlorobiphenylPseudomnonas sp.
biotransformation, 594Cholera
seroepidemiology, 1673Cholyltaurine hydrolase
effects of dietary carbohydrates, 337Chondroitinase II
B. thetaiotaomicron, 1964Chrysanthemic acids
production from stereoisomers, 2268Chrysanthemol stereoisomers
oxidation, 2268Circular permutation
S. cremoris BK5 bacteriophage, 1039Citreoviridin
levels in maize kernelsE. ochrosalmoneum infestation, 1096
CloningA. viscosus
penicillin G acylase gene, 2603oa-acetolactate decarboxylase gene
expression in E. coli, 1889alcohol dehydrogenase gene
expression in E. coli, 676B. japonicum
novel nodulation region, 55B. polymyxa xylanase gene
expression in E. coli, 10232,3-dioxygenase gene, 2664endoglucanase E2 gene, 2521,3-1,4-endoglucanase gene, 22873-glucanase gene, 2672
P. atlanticaagarase gene, 30
P. fluorescens endoglucanase generegulation of expression, 302
P. putida genetic region, 3169pullulanase gene, 2881R. albus 8 cellulase genes
bacteriophage lambda, 1752R. albus cellulase gene
expression in E. coli, 1511S. lactis subsp. diacetylactis
nisin resistance, 2136T. viersicolor
nitrogen-starvation-induced genes,1550
tet, 1230Clostridium acetobutylicum
alcohol dehydrogenase geneexpression in E. coli, 676
butanol formation enhancement, 1662
xii SUBJECT INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX xiii
endo-P-1,4-glucanase genestructure, 1289
growth-phase proteins, 1989stress-phase proteins, 1989thiolase, 2717
Clostridium beijerinckiisolvent production onset, 642solventogenic enzyme expression, 642
Clostridium botulinumbacteriocin production, 1405bacteriophage nucleic acids
characterization, 69outgrowth in acidified media, 1446serotypes A, B, and Eimproved defined media, 753
spore germination, 1446toxin formation in acidified media, 1446toxin production, 1405
Clostridium butylicumsolvent production onset, 642solventogenic enzyme expression, 642
Clostridium perfringensgrowth in cooked chili, 1104intact cell transformation, 2322L form transformation, 264shuttle plasmid system, 268spore activation, 2042
Clostridium spp.methanogenesis, 1581L-methionine, 1581
Clostridium thermocellumfermentation products
stirring and H2 effects, 1216JW20 characterization, 204
Coaggregationhuman oral veillonellae, 1957human periodontal bacteria, 1046
Coal gasification wastemethanogenic bacterium, 2964
Coccidiosisoocyst digestion, 2335
Coculturesbutyrate metabolism inhibition, 2393
Coenzyme F420anaerobic granular sludges
methanogenic activity, 1126M. barkeri growth, 454M. bryantii growth, 454
CoIEI::Tn5E. coli survival, 1776
Coliform bacteriadetection in water, 2118E. coli
pristine tropical waters, 979enumeration in drinking water, 1595particle-associated coliforms
inactivation, 507pigs
antibiotic resistance, 1341survival during chlorination, 3023tropical rain forest, 513
Coliphagesaerosols, 409drinking water, 1632wastewater, 409
Colony dimorphismBradyrhizobium spp., 1033
Colony hybridizationE. amylovora, 2798
Colony-forming activitystressed E. coli, 3147
CompetitionB. japonicium, 1996
coprophilous fungi, 861Erwinia spp.
role of antibiosis, 1222rhizobial strains
effect of Glycine spp., 803Compost
recovery of thermophiles, 3107Conidiaentomopathogenic fungi
attachment to host cuticle, 1795Conjugal plasmid transfer
antibiotic resistance determinantsLeuconostoc spp., 281
predictive model, 343Conjugal transfer
lactic streptococcibacteriophage insensitivity, 777bacteriophage sensitivity, 1951
P. aeruginosafreshwater environment. 1923
Containmentengineered microorganisms, 2472
Contaminated materialListeria spp.
isolation, 165Continuous culture
bacterial activity, 3113cellulose fermentation, 2655, 2660ethanol-tolerant yeast hybrids, 917K. mnarxianus CBS 6556
inulinase, 1131methanogenesis, 2750mineralization, 3113protozoan grazing, 3113sulfate reduction, 2750T. pantotropha, 2812
Continuous-sterilization systemsphotosemiconductor powders, 1330
Cooling towersLegionella spp., 2331
CopperC. necator
response to nutrients, 2161Klebsiella sp.
toxicity, 1689Coprophilous fungi
interference competition, 861Coral reefs
E. coli survival, 1V. cholerae survival, 1
CornF. graminearun MRC 1125
trichothecin, 1700Corn kernelsFusarium spp. and mycotoxins, 1930T-2 toxin production
inhibition, 540Corrosion
carbon steelD. desulfuiricans, 386
Cosmeticsgram-negative bacilli, 2838
Cotton dustfungal mannitol production, 1784
Cotton leafwormBacillus insecticidal crystals, 2689
Cottontail rabbit epidermal cellsT. pallidum cultivation, 2862
Coumaphosbacterial degradation, 2566
CowpeaBradvrhizobiurn spp. association, 94
Cross-species transmissionGiardia spp., 2777
Crown gallcontrol, 3133
Cryptoendolithic microbiotabiomass, 957carbon metabolism, 960
Crystal violetbiodegradation, 1143
Cucumberfusarium wilt suppression, 2037
Cucuinis sativus L.fusarium wilt suppression, 2037
Cupriavidus necatorresponse to nutrients, 2161response to prey cells, 2161
Cyanobacteriabenthic cyanobacterial matoxygen consumption, 176photosynthetic potential, 176
hot spring cyanobacterial matglycolate, 1738
N. spumigena peptide, 22573-Cyanopyridine
R. rhodochrous Jlnicotinamide production, 1766nicotinic acid production, 1030
Cystscross-species transmission, 2777
Cytochrome c peroxidaseH,O, metabolism in yeasts, 2086
CytoplasmA. niger
oxalate biosynthesis, 633
Dairy productsB. cereus
incidence and characterization, 699DAPI
double staining of bacteria, 2949Decanol-oleyl alcohol
C. acetobutylicumbutanol formation, 1662
Decarboxylationlactic acid bacteria
cultivation, 1627Dechlorination
hexachlorobenzene in sludge, 327R. chlorophenolicus
chlorinated phenols, 683tetrachloroethylene, 2976tetrachloromethane, 2819
Decompositionaquatic environments, 784plant material
ergosterol content, 1876Deep-sea hydrothermal vents
Desulfurococcccs spp., 1203Defined substrate method
E. coli enumeration, 1595total coliform enumeration, 1595
Degradative capacitypsychrotrophic bacterium
plasmid mediation, 638Dehalogenase
haloalkane degradation, 3034Dehalogenation
chlorinated nitroaromatic compounds,1199
halophenols, 3079marine sediments, 3079sulfidogenic strain DCB-1, 2938, 2944
VOL . 54, 1988
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
Dehydroabietic acidbiotransformation, 1015
Dehydrodivanillindegradation, 1249, 1254
DehydrogenaseR. leguminosarum, 3008
Deletion analysisS. cremoris Wg2
proteinase gene, 239Delignificationwood chips and pulps
porphyrins, 62Deltamethrin
microbial transformation, 2874Demethylation
dimethylsulfoniopropionate, 2208mercury in acidic lakes, 2003
O-Demethylation3-methoxybenzoic acid, 1237
Denitrificationaquifer, 1071microsensor for studies, 2245population dynamics, 2711T. pantotropha, 2812transfer and expression, 3173
Denitrification conditionsheat production, 2220polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon com-
poundsdegradation, 1182, 1188
Dental plaquemethanogenic bacteria, 600oral bacteria
arginine deiminase system, 1318Desulfovibrio desulfuricans
two-stage continuous culturescarbon steel corrosion, 386
Desulfovibrio vulgarisplating efficiency, 2318
Desulfurococcus spp.deep-sea hydrothermal vents, 1203
Detectionenterotoxigenic S. aureus, 531fecal coliforms, 2118genetically engineered bacteria, 2185HgCl2 volatilization, 2871L. monocytogenes, 2933S. natans
activated sludge, 799specific soil microorganisms, 703staphylococcal enterotoxins, 2345
Detergentsfermentative degradation, 561sodium dodecyl sulfate
degradation by bacteria, 555treatment of C. boidiniiformaldehyde production, 485
Detoxificationphenolic compounds, 3086
Deuteromycetesattachment to host cuticle, 1795
Dextrinfermentation, 2447
Diacetoxyscirpenolmetabolism by Baccharis spp., 2277production by F. sambucinum, 2167
Dialysis centersnontuberculous mycobacteria
isolation from water supplies, 17564' ,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole
double staining of bacteria, 29492,3-Diaminonaphthalene
nitrosation by E. coli, 1791
Diastereoselective oxidationchrysanthemol stereoisomers, 2268
DiazotrophyM. barkeri 227, 1656
Dibenzothiophene sulfonemineralization, 3183
1,2-Dichlorobenzenedegradation, 294
Dietary carbohydrateseffects on bacterial cholyltaurine hydro-
lase, 337Diethylthiophosphoric acid
mineralization, 2572Digesters
B. fibrisolvensxylan degradation, 1085
methanogenic floraanalysis, 79
2,2'-Dihydroxybiphenyldegradation, 2683
Dilute organic substratesremoval by microbial assemblages, 2054
2,6-Dimethylnaphthalenemetabolism by flavobacteria, 428
Dimethylsulfoniopropionatedemethylation in sediments, 2208
DimorphismBradyrhizobium spp., 1033
2,3-Dioxygenasegene cloning, 2664
DipeptidaseS. cremoris Wg2
purification and characterization, 43Dipicolinic acid
alpha-carbon signalidentification in spores, 923
Disinfectionbiofilm bacteria, 2493disinfectant reuse life
determination, 158drinking water
bacterial survival, 649free halogen, 2583Giardia cysts, 2580mycobactericide testing, 2856particle-associated coliforms, 507
Disk inoculum-solid medium methodyeast C and N assimilation, 3185
Dissolved DNAestuarine microbial populations
utilization, 1682subtropical estuary
seasonal and diel variability, 718DNA
amplification, 2185E. amylovora identification, 2798estuarine microbial populations
utilization, 1682extraction from planktonic microorga-
nisms, 1426homology in Thermus spp., 2049isolation from R. loti, 2852plasmid DNA
aquatic bacteria, 115protoplast transfection, 3014Pseudomonas sp.homology to Flavobacterium opd
gene, 288R. cecicola
degradation, 1619recovery, 2908subtropical estuary
seasonal and diel variability, 718
synthesis by marine bacteria, 3165thymidine incorporation, 1868
DNA hybridizationBacteroides spp., 1158enumeration of soil bacteria, 446Frankia strain identification, 2500Synechococcus relatedness, 3071
DNA probesB. ruminicola
enumeration, 534Bacteroides spp., 1158enterotoxigenic S. aureus
detection, 531L. curvatus, 405specific soil microorganisms, 703
DNA transferS. cremoris
effect of plasmid incompatibility, 865Drinking waterA. hydrophila isolate, 2842bacterial indicators, 2073chlorination
bacterial survival, 649coliphage incidence, 1632E. coli enumeration, 1595fecal coliform detection, 21182-methylisoborneol degradation, 2424particle-associated coliforms
inactivation, 507sampling programs, 2073total coliform enumeration, 1595virus survival, 2705
Drug plantsaflatoxin contamination, 842
Drug resistanceM. voltae, 734
Dual-label radioisotope methodbacterial production and metabolismmeasurement, 791
Dye ligand affinity chromatographystaphylococcal enterotoxin A
purification, 1761
E. coli-Streptococcus shuttle plasmidscomobilization to L. plantarum, 824
Echinulinfeed refused by swine, 830
EffluxS. cerevisiae
induction by ethanol, 903Eimeria tenella
anaerobic digestion effects, 2335Electrodialysis fermentation
acetate production, 137Electron acceptors
T. ferrooxidanssulfite oxidase, 153
Electron flowanaerobic digestion, 10, 20
ElectroporationC. perfringens, 2322lactic streptococci
genetic transformation, 655Emulsifiers
S. cerevisiae mannoprotein, 1420Enantioselective oxidationchrysanthemol stereoisomers, 2268
Endo-,- I ,4-glucanaseC. acetobutylicum P262gene structure, 1289
EndoglucanaseBacillus spp. genes
xiv SUBJECT INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX xv
homology with C. acetobutylicwumgene, 1289
C. fini structural geneexpression in E. coli, 518
cloned gene expressionregulation, 302
gene cloning, 2521secretion into medium, 2287T. curlatagrowth on cellulose, 588
EndophytesA. coenophialuln
isolation from grass, 26158-Endotoxin
B. thiuringiensis subsp. aizawiai, 2689Enniatin synthetase
constitutive expression, 2504Enrichment cultures
detergent degradation, 561halogenated aromatic aldehydes
transformations, 2226polyethylene glycol degradation, 561
Enrichment methodsruminal bacterium, 872Y. enterocolitica serogroup 0:3, 851
Enteric microorganismschinchilla, 1210Mongolian gerbil, 1210
Enterobac ter aerogenesox-acetolactate decarboxylase gene
expression in brewer's yeast, 38nucleotide sequence, 38
Enterotoxinsdetection, 2345sheep milk staphylococci, 566staphylococcal enterotoxin A
purification, 1761Enteroviruses
elution from sludge solids, 1880low-temperature stability in sludges, 839
Entomopathogenic bacteriaX. lhuminescens, 1602, 2793
Entomopathogenic fungiattachment to host cuticle, 1795extracellular protease regulation, 2699
EnumerationB. ru,ninicolaDNA probe, 534
Bifidobacterium spp., 1715cellulolytic bacteria, 1530E. coli in foods, 2536equine gastrointestinal microflora, 2155fungal spores, 1430groundwater bacteria, 1630hemicellulolytic bacteria, 1530Listeria spp., 3003M. brvafntii, 1003M. mnazei, 1003methanogenic bacteria
salt marsh sediment, 1151N,-fixing H.-oxidizing bacteria, 1313rhizobia in tropical soils, 1494thermophilic heterotrophs, 622Tn5 mutant bacteria, 446TNTC count averaging, 2069V. parahaemolvyticis, 617
Environmental release trialsP. syringae
aerial dispersal, 1557epiphytic survival, 1557
Enzyme immunoassayroridin A
use of rabbit antibodies, 225
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assayFisariium spp.
T-2 toxin production, 1302M. brvantii
quantification, 1003M. mazei
quantification, 1003ruminal bacterial species
differentiation, 596EnzymesA. taiwi,anensis
production, 688B. puimilis lipolytic enzyme
purification, 1307ethanologenic enzymes of Z. mnobilis
expression in E. coli, 397fecal coliform detection, 2118haloalkane degradation, 3034microbial decomposition
aquatic environments, 784mouse enterocytes
influence of microbiota, 2405nitrogenaseM. barkeri 227, 1656
oral bacteriaacid tolerance, 1318
oxidative enzymestoxic waste immobilization, 1719
stability in cell suspension, 2398Epilithic bacteriasodium dodecyl sulfate degradation, 555
Ergosteroldetermination of content, 1876
Ergot alkaloidsendophytic fungus screening, 2615
Erosionvesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
interaction, 945Erw,inia amvlot'ora
identification, 2798Erwinia citreius
2-keto-L,-gulonateproduction from glucose, 1770
Erwlnia spp.antibiosis and competition, 1222
Escherichia coliacid mine water stress, 1901aerosol dispersal, 1776alcohol dehydrogenase gene
expression, 676B. polyvnyxa xylanase gene
expression, 1023bovine growth hormone plasmid
selective stabilization, 1293C. fimi endoglucanase B
expression of structural gene, 518cell repair, 1901colony-forming activity, 31472.3-diaminonaphthalene
nitrosation, 17912,3-dioxygenase expression, 2664enumeration in drinking water, 1595enumeration in foods, 2536,-glucanase expression, 2672HgCl, volatilization, 2871identification, 1874, 2536nutrient depletion sensitivity, 2017P. fluorescens endoglucanase
characterization, 302pBR322 transfer. 2300phenotypic and genotypic comparison,
979product inhibition, 2464
protein excretion into medium, 2287R. albus cellulase gene
cloning and expression, 1511S. lactis gene expression, 1889shuttle plasmid system, 268survival in coral reefs, Isurvival in estuaries, 2902transduction, 1731Z. mobilis ethanologenic enzymes
expression, 397Esterase
B. fibrisoli'ens strains, 1917S. iiridosporus T7A, 2237
Estuariesdissolved DNA
microbial utilization, 1682seasonal and diel variability, 718
E. coli survival, 2902microbial biomass
seasonal and diel variability, 718Salmonella survival, 2902
Estuarine enrichment culturesphenanthrene mineralization, 929
Ethanolextraction of labeled protein, 3191S. bayanu.s tolerance, 2439S. cerewisiae
induction of leakage, 903intracellular accumulation, l10production decline, 98
tolerant yeast hybridsselection, 917
Ethanologenic enzymesexpression in E. coli, 397
Ethyleneinfluence on pea seedlings, 2728
Eiubacteriium sp. strain GLHglycyrrhizin stimulation, 2027
Eucaryotesyeast killer toxin effects, 1068
Eionvmius americanius L.cellulolytic ruminal bacteria
effect on germination, 218Euipenicilliuim ochrosalmoneum
infestation of maize kernelscitreoviridin levels, 1096
Eiurotiuim spp.feed refused by swine, 830
Exo-P-1,4-glucanase AR. flai'efaciens FD-I
methylcellulose inhibition, 1634Exoglucanase
C. fini exoglucanaseexpression in S. cerevisiae, 476
ExopolysaccharidesR. japonictum
synthesis, 1624Extracellular polysaccharides
B. fibrisoli'ensneutral sugar composition, 878production, 878
Extractive fermentationC. acetobutvlicum
butanol formation, 1662
Fastacmicrobial transformation, 2874
FE7intergeneric protoplast fusion, 1249
Fecal bacteriachinchilla, 1210Mongolian gerbil, 1210
VOL. 54, 1988
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
Fecal coliformsantibiotic resistance, 1341detection in water, 2118E. coli
cell repair, 1901pristine tropical waters, 979
tropical rain forest, 513Feces
acetate production, 2723cellulolytic bacteriaenumeration and isolation, 1530
hemicellulolytic bacteriaenumeration and isolation, 1530
semicontinuous treatment, 2058Fenvalerate
microbial transformation, 2874Fermentation
acetate productionelectrodialysis fermentation, 137
amylolytic yeast strains, 2447banana juice, 748butanol formation, 1662C. acetobutylicum, 2717dextrin, 2447F. scirpi, 2504hay, 2174influence of Ca2+, 2439insoluble cellulose, 2655, 2660L. lactis growth, 2527peptostreptococci, 2742propionibacteria, 1892ruminal microorganisms, 2510S. cerevisiae
ethanol accumulation, 110ethanol production decline, 98
S. cremoris growth, 2527sheep rumenmethanol fermentation, 832
starch, 2447succinate production, 3053
Fermentation productsC. thermocellum
stirring and H2 effects, 1216Ferric ions
T. ferrooxidanssulfite oxidase, 153
Ferrous ironT. ferrooxidans
oxidation, 1694Ferrous sulfate
bacterial oxidation, 3101Ferulic acid esterase
S. commune, 1170Festuca arundinacea
isolation of endophyte, 2615Filamentous microorganisms
detection in activated sludge, 799Filtrationmicroporous filters
virus concentration from water, 1325virus concentration, 1325waterborne viruses of fish, 1606zooplankton grazers, 2149
Fishisolation of V. hollisae, 2144V. anguillarium, 2264waterborne viruses
molecular filtration, 1606Flammulina velutipes
high temperature fruiting, 2460Flavobacteria
2,6-dimethylnaphthalene metabolism,428
Flavobacterium spp.opd genehomology to P. diminuta opd, 2586homology to Pseudomonas DNA, 288
pentachlorophenol metabolism, 2452FlocsA. lipoferum, 2986formation in methanogenesis
role in electron flow, 10M. varians subsp. halophilus
5'-nucleotide production, 2632syntrophic methanogenesisformate transfer, 20
Flow cytometryA. brasilense analysis, 1831
Fluorescein isothiocyanateA. brasilense analysis, 1831double staining of bacteria, 2949
Fluorescenceaflatoxin level estimation, 274
Fluorescent-antibody techniquefilamentous microorganisms
detection, 7995-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine
bacterioplankton [3H]thymidine incorpo-ration, 331
Fluvalinatemicrobial transformation, 2874
Foodgamma irradiation
fungal resistance, 2134L. monocytogenes
detection, 2933recovery, 1451
Listeria spp.diagnostic assay, 1564
Food poisoningC. perfringensgrowth in cooked chili, 1104
S. aureusdetection of strains, 531
Food preservativeseffect on yeasts, 2091
Formaldehydeproduction by C. boidinii, 485
Formatetransfer during methanogenesis
significance, 20Frankia spp.
identification, 2500Freeze-dryingchanges in S. aureus, 2486
Freeze-thawingground beef acceptability
lactic acid concentration, 822Fresh watergene transfer, 1923primary and secondary production, 661
FruitingF. velutipes, 2460
Fumitremorginproduction by N. fischeri, 1504
Fumonisinsisolation, 1806
Fungibiomass determination, 1876delignification
models of decay, 62gamma irradiation resistance, 2134lignin degradation, 1117mannitol production, 1784spore yields
variability in measurement, 1430
Fusarenone XF. crookwellense, 2147
Fusarin CF. crookwellense, 2147
Fusarium crookwellensemycotoxin formation, 2147
Fusarium equisetilithocholic acid
conversion to ursodeoxycholic acid,670
Fusarium graminearum3-acetyldeoxynivalenol production
effects of metals, 1063corn cultures
trichothecin, 1700Fusarium moniliforme
fumonisins, 1806Fusarium oxysporumwortmannin
isolation and purification, 1268Fusarium sambucinum
diacetoxyscirpenol production, 2167Fusarium scirpi
enniatin synthetase expression, 2504fermentative growth, 2504
Fusarium sporotrichioidesleucine auxotrophy, 2759T-2 production, 2759
Fusarium spp.infected corn ears, 1930T-2 toxin assay, 1302
Fusarium wiltsuppression in P. putida, 2037
a-Galactosidasebaker's yeast
production, 245P-Galactosidase
L. acidophilusinfluence of temperature on activity,
898Gamma irradiation
fungal resistance, 2134Gas-liquid chromatography
bacterial lipid polymers in sludge, 2325Gastric epithelium
colonization in miceLactobacillus sp. strain 100-33, 416
Gastrointestinal microorganismsC. jejuni
colonization of chicks, 2365lactobacilli
protoplast formation and regeneration,1615
spheroplast formation and regenera-tion, 1615
reconstitution in mice, 2971Gene replacement mutagenesis
P. atlanticaagarase gene, 30
Gene transferaquatic environments, 1923R. albus cellulase gene, 2300Streptomyces spp., 1334transduction in soil, 1731
Genetic complementationB. japonicum
novel nodulation region, 55Genetic diversity
R. leguminosarum, 2825Genetic engineering
biodegradation
xvi SUBJECT INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX
psychrotrophic bacterium, 638cellobiose fermentation, 3142detection of engineered bacteria, 2185ethanologenic enzymes of Z. inobilis
expression in E. coli, 397lactic streptococci
transformation, 655M. iloltae
drug resistance analysis, 734model suicide vector, 2472P. aeriuginosa BS827
kelthane degradation, 1587P. svringae
environmental release pretest, 1557plasmid frequency fluctuations, 2192Rif' mutant survival, 2432thermophiles, 3107TnS mutant bacteria
enumeration, 446transduction in soil, 1731
Genetic experimentationmarine caulobacters
potential, 809Genetic transformation
lactic streptococci, 655M. bo'is identification, 1304
Genome permutationS. c retnoris BK5 bacteriophage, 1039
Genotypic heterogeneityM. gailisepticlm strains, 607
GeranylacetoneArthrobacter sp. strain Y- II
oxidative pathway, 381Giardia canis
cyst inactivation, 2580Giardia lamblia
cyst inactivation, 2580Giardia spp.
cross-species transmission, 2777,B-Glucanasegene cloning and expression, 2672
GlucoamylaseSaccharomyces spp.
starch utilization, 966Glucose
E. citreiusconversion to 2-keto-L-gulonate, 1770
Klebsiella spp.toxicity of metals, 1689
,B-GlucosidaseM. thermnophila, 2152S. fibluligera genes, 3142
N-(Phosphonomethyl)glycinedegradation by A. atr-ocyaneu s, 1293
Glycine spp.phosphorus nutrition effects, 2387rhizobial competitiveness
effect, 803Glycolate
hot spring cyanobacterial matphotoexcretion and fate, 1738
GlycyrrhizinEubacterium sp. strain GLH, 2027
Glyphosatebiodegradation, 2868degradation by A. atrocyvneis, 1293Pseudomonas sp. metabolism, 2953uptake by a Pseiudomonas sp., 1886
Gram-negative bacteriahalogenated phenol methylation, 524identification, 2838
Gram-positive bacteriahalogenated phenol methylation, 524
Granular sludgescoenzyme F420 content
methanogenic activity, 1126Grasshopper
gut microbial ecology, 1174Grazing
microflagellatesfood sources, 613
protozoa in culture, 3113zooplankton grazers
filtration rates, 2149Ground beef
acceptabilitylactic acid concentration, 822
Groundwaterdenitrification, 1071enumeration of bacteria, 1630quinoline hydroxylation, 827trichloroethylene degradation, 1703, 1709
Group B streptococcal plasmidstransfer to L. plantartum, 824
Growth kineticsA. hvdrophila, 2842Mvcobacterium sp.model for analysis, 910
Guaiacolsdechlorination, 683
Gut floraeffect of mucin, 2750Melanop/lus sangiuinipes, 1174Peridro,nia saucia, 1896
Haloalkanesbiodegradation, 3034
Halobacterialysis by bile acids, 990polysaccharide production, 2381
Haloferax mediterraneipolysaccharide production, 2381
Halogenated aromatic aldehydestransformations, 2226
Halogenated phenolsdehalogenation, 3079methylation by cell extracts, 524
Halogensdisinfection, 2583
Halophileshalobacteria
lysis by bile acids, 990M. larians subsp. hlalophliluis
5'-nucleotide production, 2632Hard salami
L. inonocvtogenes, 497Hartmannellid amoebae
L. pneiumophila growth, 2677Hausmannite
formation by a Bacilluis sp., 2140Hay
fermentation by ruminalmicroorganisms, 2174
pony cecumeffects of diet change, 1946
Heat injuryL. monocvtogenes
catalase activity, 581superoxide dismutase activity, 581
Heat productionP. fliuorescens, 2220P. put-efac iens, 2220
Heat shockB. stearothiermnopl ili/s, 2515
Heat shock proteinsC. acetobutvlicum, 1989
Heavy metalsF. gratninearium R2218
3-acetyldeoxynivalenol production,1063
mercury in acidic lakeseffects on sediments, 2003
oxidesanaerobic microbial dissolution, 1009
Hedvsarium coronarilon L.Rhizobiurn spp.
nif and nod conservation, 1262plasmid profile diversity, 1262
Hemicellulolytic bacteriaenumeration and isolation, 1530
Hemodialysis centersMAvcobacteriu,m spp., 3122
HemolysinsV. hollisae, 2144
Hemorrhagic factorswortmannin
isolation and purification, 1268Hepatitis A virus
recovery, 1983survival in water, 2705
Herbicidesbromacil
degradation in soil, 2203glyphosate
degradation, 1293, 2868, 2953Hexachlorobenzene
reductive dechlorination, 327Hexachlorocyclohexane
biodegradation in soil slurry, 143Alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
aerobic biomineralization, 548High-rate reactorsmethanogen characterization, 693
hok genemodel suicide vector, 2472
Holdfastcaulobacters, 2078
Homoacetogenic bacteriadetergent degradation, 561polyethylene glycol degradation, 561
HomokaryonsA. bisporu.s crosses, 1643A. brunnescens crosses, 1643
Horsesanaerobic GI tract bacteria, 2155
Host rangeplasmid pCUI, 2273X. campestris pv. transl/ucens
development of mutants, 884Host-vector systems
B. stearothermophilius, 3162Hot springs
cyanobacterial matsglycolate, 1738
Housing locationpigs
fecal coliform antibiotic resistance,1341
Human rotavirusrecovery, 1983
Humic waterxenobiotic aromatic pollutants
degradation, 1864HumidityA. taiwanensis
effect, 688
VOL. 54, 1988 xvii
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
Hybridization probesruminal ecology studies, 1079
Hydroaromatic substratesR. japonicum
exopolysaccharide synthesis, 1624Hydrocarbonsammonia monooxygenase interaction,
3187BATH test bioluminescence assay, 1436marine sediment slurries
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon deg-radation, 1649
Hydrogenacetate production, 2723B. japonicum mutants
nonutilization, 358butyrate metabolism inhibition, 2393C. thermocellum
fermentation product effects, 1216metabolism in sediments
influence of pH, 590oxidation by Bradyrhizobium spp.
pigeon pea, 94partial pressures in coculture, 1457transfer during methanogenesis
significance, 20Hydrogen peroxide
cellulosic substrate degradation, 1163L. pneumophila
effects, 741metabolism in yeasts, 2086P. chrysosporium
influence on ligninase, 466Hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria
butyrate metabolism, 1354Hydrophobic grid membrane filter
E. coli isolation, 2536Hydrophobic interaction chromatography
lipolytic enzyme purification, 13073-Hydroxy-2-formyl benzthiophene
mineralization, 31832-Hydroxybiphenyl
degradation, 2683Hydroxylation
quinoline in contaminated water, 827R. chlorophenolicus
chlorinated phenols, 683Hydroxystilbene antibioticsX. luminescens, 1602
Ice nucleationlichens, 1678
Ice-nucleating bacteriaP. syringae on leaves, 2281
Ictalurus punctatusA. hydrophila isolates, 1861
IdentificationBacteroides spp., 1158E. amylovora, 2798E. coli, 1874, 2536Frankia strains, 2500gram-negative bacilli, 2838L. curvatus DNA probe, 405M. bovis, 1304morpholine-degrading bacterium, 619pyrene degradation products, 2556R. meliloti, 574
ImmobilizationE. coli
product inhibition, 2464leachable soil pollutants, 1719M. isabellina
resin acid biotransformation, 1015Immunodiffusion reactions
analysis of Rhizobium spp., 1825Incompatibility group N plasmidspCUI host ranges, 2273
Indicator organismsBifidobacterium spp.
selective medium, 1715chlorinated water
survival, 649coliphages
drinking water, 1632drinking water systems, 2073E. coli
cell repair, 1901pristine tropical waters, 979
Indoleanaerobic metabolism
environmental factors, 74Azospirillum spp., 2833
Indulindegradation, 3064
Influenza viruspathogenicity in mice, 1744
Injured microorganismsE. coli cell repair, 1901lake water, 2859
InoculaB. japonicum, 2636vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,
353Insect cuticle
attachment of deuteromycetes, 1795Interference competition
coprophilous fungi, 861Intergeneric rosetteshuman periodontal bacteria
sequestered surface recognition, 1046Intestinal microorganisms
B. fibrisolvensesterase activities, 1917
B. thetaiotaomicronchromosome deletion, 1964growth substrates, 1970
B. vulgatusstarch as substrate, 1911
Bacteroides spp.identification, 1158
equine gastrointestinal tract, 2155Eubacterium sp. strain GLH
glycyrrhizin stimulation, 2027isolation and identification, 2112leopard frogs, 2305, 2311"M. cuniculi"
isolation and characterization, 7686-nitrochrysene
metabolism, 197Rana pipiens, 2305, 2311
InulinaseK. marxianus CBS 6556, 1131
a-lononesmicrobial conversion, 2354
lonophoreseffects on acidosis, 2981tetronasin
effect on ruminal microorganisms, 544Iron
oxidation kinetics, 3092sole electron acceptor
microbial energy metabolism, 1472T. ferrooxidans
oxidation, 1694oxidizing system, 150
Iron limitationA. vinelandii
siderophore production, 2625"P. plantarii"
effect, 844IsobuteneR. minuta
cell-free production system, 583(+ )-Isoepoxydon
production by P. punctata, 861Isolation proceduresA. coenophialum, 2615A. hydrophila, 2786A. parasiticus mutants, 2096alkalophilic bacteria, 1066Bifidobacterium spp., 1715coumaphos-degrading bacteria, 2566dehydrodivanillin-degrading bacterium,
1254intestinal microorganisms, 2112Listeria spp.new selective medium, 165
M. methylotrophusauxotrophic mutants, 271
morpholine-degrading bacterium, 619nontuberculous mycobacteria, 1756pychrophilic bacteria, 1066pyrene-degrading bacteria, 2549R. loti DNA, 2852ruminal bacterium, 872syntrophic acetate oxidizer, 124wortmannin, 1268Y. enterocolitica serogroup 0:3, 851
Isopimaric acidbiotransformation, 1015
Isotopic dilutionthymidine incorporation assays, 1868
Isotopic distributionsulfur cycle
anaerobic bacteria, 250
Jarositeferrous sulfate oxidation, 3101
KelthaneP. aeruginosa BS827
degradation, 15872-Keto-L-gulonate
E. citreusproduction from glucose, 1770
Killer toxinseffects on eucaryotes, 1068P. anomala
anti-C. albicans activity, 1079Kinetics
cellulose fermentation, 2660Fe2+ oxidation, 3092Mycobacterium sp. growthmodel for analysis, 910
S. cerevisiaeethanol-induced leakage, 903
substrate removal, 2054Klebsiella spp.
toxicity of metalsglucose effects, 1689
Kluyveromyces marxianusinulinase, 1131
L formsC. perfringens
transformation, 264
xviii SUBJECT INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX xix
lac gene fusionsPseudomonas spp., 2877
Laccasephenolic compound detoxification, 3086
Lactic acidconcentration in ground beef
acceptability indicator, 822Lactic acid bacteria
cultivation, 1627effects on B. cereus, 2179
Lactic streptococcigenetic transformation, 655lactose fermentation, 1951plasmid-encoded bacteriophage insensi-
tivityconjugal transfer, 777
reduced bacteriophage sensitivity, 1951sucrose fermentation, 1951
Lactobacilligastrointestinal strains
protoplast formation and regeneration,1615
spheroplast formation and regenera-tion, 1615
reconstitution in mice, 2971Lactobacillus acidophilus
P-galactosidase activityinfluence of storage temperature, 898
Lactobacillus bulgaricusbacteriophage ch2 characterization, 1138protoplast transfection, 3014
Lactobacillus caseixylitol-5-phosphate
preparation and purification, 570Lactobacillus curvatusDNA probe, 405
Lactobacillus plantarumE. coli-Streptococcus shuttle plasmids
comobilization, 824protoplasts, 2599
Lactobacillus spp.gastric epithelium colonization, 416genetic transformation, 416succinic acid production, 3053
Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremorisbacteriophage resistance, 2808cell wall properties, 2808proteinase antibodies, 2250
Lactosefermentation by propionibacteria, 1892
Lakesaquatic N2 transformations, 172bacterial sublethal injury, 2859benthic cyanobacterial matoxygen consumption, 176photosynthetic potential, 176
effects of acidification, 2003microbial Mn(II) oxidation, 1440organic chemical mineralization, 3177
Landfillsmethanogenic bacteria
isolation and characterization, 835Larvicides
B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis endo-toxins
structural relatedness, 277Latex particles
enterotoxin detection, 2345Leakage
S. cerevisiaeinduction by ethanol, 903
LectinsA. brasilense analysis, 1831
Lecythophora hoffmanniiphenolic compound utilization, 1882
Legionella pneumophilagrowth in tap water, 2677oxidizing biocides
effects, 741Legionella spp.
cooling towers, 2331Leopard frog
large intestinal bacteria, 2305, 2311Lepidoptera spp.
B. thuringiensis crystal proteinsinsecticidal spectrum, 2010
Leptospira spp.mitomycin C sensitivity, 728UV radiation sensitivity, 728
Leucineaquatic bacterial production, 3191bacterial production estimation, 1934F. sporotrichioides auxotrophy, 2759
Leuconostoc lactisfermentation condition effects, 2527
Leuconostoc spp.antibiotic resistance determinants
plasmid conjugal transfer, 281Lichens
ice nucleation activity, 1678LightN. cryotolerans survival, 2890N. fischeri
fumitremorgin production, 1504growth, 1504
Lignindegradation, 1117
Lignin peroxidasepine wood penetrability, 2608
LigninaseP. chrysosporium, 3194
hydrogen peroxide influence, 466thianthrene oxidation, 1858veratryl alcohol influence, 466
S. viridosporus, 3057Lignocellulose
S. viridosporus T7Aaromatic acid cleavage, 2237
Lignolytic activityS. badius, 3064S. viridosporus, 3057, 3064T. versicolor, 1550
LipidsA. curvatum
production, 748detection in sludge, 2325S. wolfei, 1570
Lipolytic enzymesB. pumilis
purification, 1307Liquid chromatography
plant material ergosterol content, 1876Listeria monocytogenes
detection, 2933hard salami, 497heat injury
catalase activity, 581superoxide dismutase activity, 581
inhibition, 2349recovery from cheese, 2643recovery from foods, 1451thermal inactivation, 364tissues of cattle, 497
Listeria spp.antigen identification, 1564enumeration, 3003
isolationnew selective medium, 165
Lithoautotrophytransfer and expression, 3173
Lithocholic acidF. equiseti M41 conversion, 670
Lysishalobacteria, 990
MaizeE. ochrosalmoneum infestation
citreoviridin levels, 1096indole metabolism, 2833
Malatelactic acid bacteria
cultivation, 1627Manduca sexta
isolation of S. plymuthica, 1855Manganese
microbial oxidation, 1440, 2140sole electron acceptor
microbial energy metabolism, 1472Mannitol
production by fungi, 1784Mannoproteins
S. cerevisiaebioemulsifiers, 1420
MannoseA. vinelandii
effects on growth, 473Marine environment
bacterial DNA synthesis, 3165caulobacters
adhesive holdfast, 2078isolation and characterization, 809potential for experimentation, 809
estimating bacterial production, 1934naphthalene degradation, 2478R. littoreum
chemotaxis, 1668salt marsh sedimentmethanogenic bacteria, 1151
sedimenthydrocarbon degradation, 1649
sediment dehalogenation, 3079Marine phagotrophic protozoa
rates of digestion of bacteria, 1091MARS reactormethanogen characterization, 693
Mass transfer limitationE. coli immobilization, 2464
Meatbacterial content assessment, 1462
MediaA. hydrophila recovery, 2786acidified mediagrowth of C. botulinum, 1446
aflatoxin levelsestimation, 274
Bifidobacterium spp., 1715C. botulinumdevelopment, 753
C. botulinum type Agrowth in acidified medium, 1446
E. coli identification, 1874L. monocytogenes
recovery from foods, 1451Listeria sp. enumeration, 3003Listeria spp.
isolation, 165M. mobile
nutritional requirements, 625
VOL. 54, 1988
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
N2-fixing H2-oxidizing bacteriaenumeration, 1313
sulfur-basal saltsT. ferrooxidans, 150
T. ferrooxidanssulfur-basal salts, 150
Y. enterocolitica serogroup 0:3isolation, 851
melRhizobium spp., 1812
Melaninproduction by Rhizobium spp., 1812
Melanoplus sanguinipesgut microbial ecology, 1174
MembraneE. coli nutrient depletion, 2107
Membrane-active agentspetite yeast mutants, 3126
MercuryKlebsiella sp.
toxicity, 1689Mercury chloride
volatilization, 2871Mercury methylation
effects of acidification, 2003Mercury resistance
plasmidstransfer and occurrence, 972
Metal oxidesanaerobic microbial dissolution, 1009
MetalsF. graminearum R2118
3-acetyldeoxynivalenol production,1063
Klebsiella sp.glucose and sensitivity, 1689
Methaneproteolytic clostridia
precursor, 1581Methane-oxidizing bacteria
trichloroethylene biodegradation, 951Methanobacterium bryantiigrowth and metabolic activitycoenzyme F420 content, 454
quantification, 1003Methanococcus jannaschiigrowth and CH4 production, 3039pressure and temperature effects, 3039
Methanococcus thermolithotrophicusgrowth rate enhancement, 1258protein pattern alterations, 2375
Methanococcus voltaedrug resistance, 734
Methanogenesiscoal gasification waste, 2964cocultures
propionate catabolism, 1300cofactor content of sludges, 1126digester flora
analysis, 79effect of mucin, 2750formate transfer
significance, 20granular sludges
cofactor content, 1126interspecies electron flow
floc formation, 10M. jannaschii, 3039methylated amines
algal mat, 130phenolic compound degradation, 1277propionate catabolism, 1300propionate reductive carboxylation, 441
salt marsh, 1151tetrachloroethylene dechlorination, 2976
Methanogenic bacteriahuman dental plaque, 600steers fed high- or low-forage diets
postprandial changes, 502Methanogens
bacteria from landfillsisolation and characterization, 835
high-rate anaerobic reactorscharacterization, 693
"M. cuniculi"isolation and characterization, 768
Methanolfermentation in the sheep rumen, 832
Methanol yeastsC. boidiniiformaldehyde production, 485
Methanomicrobium mobilenutritional requirements, 625
Methanosarcina barkeridiazotrophy, 1656growth and metabolic activitycoenzyme F420 content, 454
nitrogen fixation, 1656nitrogenase activity, 1656
Methanosarcina mazeilife cycle control, 2064quantification, 1003
Methanosarcina spp.tetrachloroethylene dechlorination, 2976
"Methanosphaera cuniculi"isolation and characterization, 768
L-Methionineproteolytic clostridia, 1581
3-Methoxybenzoic acid"0-methoxy substituentmetabolism by bacteria, 1237
Methoxylated aromatic compoundsmetabolism by bacteria, 1237
Methyl parathiondegradation by a Pseudomonas sp., 288
Methylated aminesmethanogenesis
algal mats, 130Methylation
halogenated phenols, 524thiophenols, 524
0-Methylationphenolic compounds, 3043R. chlorophenolicus
chlorinated para-hydroquinones, 1818Methylcellulose
B. fibrisolvensinhibition of cellulose degradation, 890
R. flavefaciens FD-Iinhibition of exo-P-1,4-glucanase A,
16342-Methylisoborneol
bacterial degradation, 2424Methylophilus methylotrophus
auxotrophic mutantsisolation, 271
4-Methylumbelliferone-p-D-galactosidefecal coliform detection, 2118
Micegastric epithelium colonization
Lactobacillus sp. strain 100-33, 416germfree intestinal tract
B. thetaiotaomicron survival, 1964,1970
influenza viruspathogenicity, 1744
microflora reconstitution, 2971S. zooepidemicus
pathogenicity, 1744MicroaerophilesA. chroococcum, 2123
Microbial activitysubstrate removal kinetics, 2054subtropical estuary
seasonal and diel variability, 718Microbial decomposition
aquatic environments, 784Microbial energy metabolism
novel mode, 1472Microbial lipid
production, 748Microbial mats
glycolate photoexcretion, 1738oxygen consumption, 176photosynthetic potential, 176
Microcarrier beadssuspension cultivation, 2862
Micrococcus varians subsp. halophilus5'-nucleotide production, 2632
Microflagellatesaggregated and free bacteriafood sources, 613
Microporous filtersvirus concentration from water, 1325
Microsensorsdenitrification studies, 2245
Milkaflatoxin M,, 1622L. monocytogenes
thermal inactivation, 364sheep milk staphylococci
enterotoxin production, 566Mineral water
virus survival, 2705Mineralization
carbofuran, 2129dibenzothiophene sulfone, 31833-hydroxy-2-formyl benzthiophene, 3183organic chemicals in lakes, 3177phenanthrene
estuarine enrichment cultures, 929Mycobacterium sp., 937
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 1612protozoa in culture, 3113
Mitomycin CLeptospira sensitivity, 728
Mixed extractantsC. acetobutylicum
butanol formation, 1662Mixotrophic metabolism
strain DCB-1, 2944Model rock systems
plugging with starved bacteria, 1365Modified atmospheres
T-2 toxin production on corninhibition, 540
Modified-marker exchangeA. methylotrophus
auxotrophic mutant isolation, 271Molecular filtrationwaterborne viruses of fish, 1606
Monensineffects on acidosis, 2981peptostreptococcus fermentation, 2742
Mongolian gerbilcecal and fecal bacterial flora, 1210
Monochloramineparticle-associated coliforms
inactivation, 507
xx SUBJECT INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX xxi
Monoclonal antibodiesB. thuringiensis crystal proteins
analysis, 2010group A trichothecenes, 2959L. lactis proteinase, 2250Listeria spp.
antigen identification, 1564roridin A antibodies, 2328
Monoxenic cultureP. invadens growth, 1848
Moraxella bovisidentification, 1304
Moraxella spp.naphthalenesulfonate degradation, 1842
Morpholinedegradation by a bacterium, 619
Morphologycontrol in M. mazei S-6, 2064
Mortierella isabellinaresin acid biotransformation, 1015
MosquitoesB. sphaericus toxin, 2320
Most-probable-number techniqueE. coli enumeration, 1595enumeration of rhizobia
reliability, 1494enumeration of soil bacteria, 446N2-fixing H2-oxidizing bacteria
enumeration, 1313Poisson assumption test, 2996total coliform enumeration, 1595
MotilityP. syringae pv. tomato, 629
Mount Erebusgeothermally heated soils
thermophilic heterotrophs, 622Mouse a-amylaseSaccharomyces spp.
starch utilization, 966Mouse enterocytesenzyme activity
influence of microbiota, 2405stability in cell suspension, 2398
Mouse small intestineenterocyte stability, 2398
Mucineffect on gut bacteria, 2750
MucopolysaccharidesB. thetaiotaomicron growth, 1970
Multiple tube fermentation techniqueE. coli enumeration, 1595total coliform enumeration, 1595
MushroomsA. bisporus
crosses among homokaryons, 1643A. brunnescens
crosses among homokaryons, 1643Muskrats
Giardia transmission, 2777Mutagenesis
B. polymyxa2,3-butanediol production, 168
yeasts, 3126Myceliophthora thermophila
j-glucosidase synthesis, 2152Mycobacterium spp.
disinfectants, 2856growth kineticsmodel for analysis, 910
hemodialysis center water, 3122isolation from water supplies, 1756phenanthrene mineralization, 937phenolic compound degradation, 3043
pyrene degradation, 2556Mycoplasma gallisepticum
intraspecies genotypic heterogeneity, 607Mycotoxins
citreoviridinmaize kernels, 1096
contamination of drug plants, 842corn ears, 1930F. crookwellense, 2147fumitremorgin
production by N. fischeri, 1504fumonisins
isolation, 1806inhibition of production, 2361T-2 toxin
assay, 1302trichothecin
corn cultures, 1700wortmannin
isolation and purification, 1268
Naphthalenedegradation, 2478microbial degradation, 1182, 1188
Naphthalenesulfonatedegradation by a Moraxella sp., 1842
Naphtholmicrobial degradation, 1182
Napier grassB. fibrisolvens
xylan degradation, 1085Neocallimastix frontalis
a-amylase production, 2293Neosartorya fischeri
fumitremorgin production, 1504growth, 1504
NeurotoxinsC. botulinumimproved defined media, 753
C. botulinum type Aformation in acidified medium, 1446
C. botulinum type Gplasmid-mediated production, 1405
NicotinamideR. rhodochrous Ji
production from 3-cyanopyridine, 1766Nicotinic acid
R. rhodochrous JIproduction, 1030
nifRhizobium spp.
conservation, 1262symbiotic plasmids, 1280
nif reiterationsR. phaseoli
effect on symbiotic effectiveness, 848Nisin
S. lactis resistance determinant, 2136Nitrategroundwater
denitrification, 1071measurement, 1409reduction and heat production, 2220
Nitric oxide2,3-diaminonaphthalene
nitrosation, 1791Nitrification
T. pantotropha, 2812Nitrilase
R. rhodochrous J1nicotinic acid production, 1030
Nitrile hydrataseR. rhodochrous JI
nicotinamide production, 1766Nitriles
biodegradation, 2197Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria
Nitrobacter spp.acid forest soil, 1536
Nitroaromatic compoundsenzymatic dehalogenation, 1199
Nitrobacter spp.acidophilic strain from soil, 1536neutrophilic strain from soil, 1536
6-Nitrochryseneintestinal microflora
metabolism, 197Nitrogen
aquatic transformations, 172assimilation by yeasts, 3185mycotoxin production inhibition, 2361Porphyridium sp. effect, 2411T. i'ersicolor
cloning of starvation-induced genes,1550
Nitrogen fixationA. chroococcum, 2123A. vinelandii
effects of mannose on growth, 473Azospirillum spp.
influence of amino acids, 87B. japonicum inoculants, 2636Bradyrhizobium spp.
pigeon pea, 94enumeration of bacteria, 1313M. barkeri 227, 1656phosphorus nutrition effects, 2387R. fredii
auxotrophic mutants, 423P. vulgaris genotypes, 1907
R. leguminosarum, 3008Rhizobium spp.
nif and nod conservation, 1262plasmid profile diversity, 1262
S. alterniflora roots, 2031salt marsh sediment, 2031
NitrogenaseM. barkeri 227, 1656
Nitrogen-containing compoundsremoval from shale oil, 2197
Nitrosation2,3-diaminonaphthalene, 1791
Nitrosomonas cryotoleransenergy source deprivation, 2890
Nitrosomonas europaeaenzyme-hydrocarbon interaction, 3187
Nitrous oxidedenitrification studies, 2245nitrate measurement, 1409
NivalenolF. crookuellense, 2147
nodR. leguminosarum nodulation, 2541Rhizobium spp.
conservation, 1262Nodularia spumigena
hepatotoxic peptide, 2257Nodulation
B. japonicumnovel nodulation region, 55
B. japonicum competition, 1996Bradyrhizobiurn spp.
pigeon pea, 94expression of genes, 2541
VOL. 54, 1988
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
R. fredii, 1907Rhizobium symbiotic plasmids, 1280
Nomarski interference microscopybacterial size measurement, 105
Nonionic surfactantsfermentative degradation, 561
NSF-2butyrate metabolism, 1354
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopybacterial spores, 923green algae
chemical composition, 1051Nuclear reactor cooling reservoir
effluentadaptation of phytoplankton-degrading
communities, 1481Nuclease HM. varians subsp. halophilus
5'-nucleotide production, 2632Nucleic acids
C. botulinum bacteriophagecharacterization, 69
Nucleotidesendo-P-1,4-glucanase gene, 1289,-glucosidase genes, 3142production by M. varians, 2632
Nutrient resuscitationstarved cells, 1373
Nutrientsacclimation period effect, 3177aerobic biodegradation
influence, 212amended soils
R. leguminosarum growth, 257R. meliloti growth, 257
C. necatorresponse in soil, 2161
E. colisensitivity to depletion, 2107
microbial adaptationinfluence, 212
organic chemical mineralization, 3177NutritionM. mobile requirements, 625nitrogen fixation effects, 2387
Nutritional assaysA. hydrophila, 2842M. bovis identification, 1304
0-demethylation3-methoxybenzoic acid, 1237
Oilnitrile biodegradation, 2197sediment below oil field
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon min-eralization, 1612
Oil field injection watermicrobial biomass and activity, 1383
Oil recoverymodel rock system plugging, 1365selective plugging, 1373waterflood injection well
microbial biomass and activity, 1383Oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes
L. monocytogenes, 2933Oligotrophic lakes
microbial Mn(II) oxidation, 14400-methylation
phenolic compounds, 3043R. chlorophenolicus
chlorinated para-hydroquinones, 1818
Oocystsdigestion effects, 2335
opd geneFlavobacterium sp.homology to P. diminuta opd, 2586homology to Pseudomonas DNA, 288
Oral bacteriaarginine deiminase system, 1318Veillonella coaggregation, 1957
Organic acidsB. cereus germination and growth, 2179
Organic flocculationrecovery of viruses, 309
OxalateA. niger
biosynthesis, 633Oxisol
vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiinteraction with erosion, 945
Oxygenbenthic cyanobacterial mat
consumption, 176denitrification studies, 22452,3-diaminonaphthalene
nitrosation, 1791low concentrations
aquatic N2 transformations, 172R. cecicolaDNA degradation, 1619
Oysterspathogenic virus recovery, 1983
OzoneL. pneumophila
effects, 741
Pachysolen tannophilusxylitol dehydrogenase
induction, 50xylose reductase
induction, 50Packed-bed reactors
Fe2+ oxidation kinetics, 3092ferrous sulfate oxidation, 3101jarosite formation, 3101
Paramoeba inv'adensgrowth in monoxenic culture, 1848
Partial pressurehydrogenmethanogenic coculture, 1457
Pea seedlingsethylene influence, 2728
Pediococcus acidilacticiL. monocytogenes inhibition, 2349
Penicillin G acylasecloning of gene, 2603
Pentachlorophenolbiodegradation, 2885metabolism, 2452ruminal microorganism sensitivity, 2619
Pentitolshay fermentation, 2174
Pentoseshay fermentation, 2174
PeptidesN. spumigena, 2257peptostreptococcus fermentation, 2742
Peptostreptococcipeptide and amino acid fermentation,
2742Peridroma saucia
gut bacterial flora, 1896
Periodontal bacteriaintergeneric rosettes
sequestered surface recognition, 1046Permeability
B. stearothermophilus spores, 2515Permethrin
microbial transformation, 2874Pesticides
alpha-hexachlorocyclohexaneaerobic biomineralization, 548
carbofuranbacterial metabolism, 2129
Petroleumhydrocarbons
degradation, 1649n-alkyl tetrahydrothiophenes
microbial degradation, 1243Petroleum recoverymodel rock system plugging, 1365selective plugging, 1373waterflood injection well
microbial biomass and activity, 1383pH
elution of enteroviruses, 1880lactic acid bacteria
cultivation, 1627microbial hydrogen metabolism
influence, 590R. leguminosarum nodulation, 2541regulated continuous culture
ethanol-tolerant yeast hybrids, 917Phanerochaete chrysosporium
crystal violet biodegradation, 1143lignin peroxidase
pine wood penetrability, 2608lignin peroxidase production, 3194ligninasehydrogen peroxide influence, 466veratryl alcohol influence, 466
pentachlorophenol degradation, 2885thianthrene oxidation, 1858
Pharmaceuticalsgram-negative bacilli, 2838
Phaseolus vulgarisRhizobium symbiotic plasmids, 1280symbioses with R. fredii, 1907
Phenanthreneestuarine enrichment cultures
two-stage mineralization, 929Mycobacterium sp.
mineralization, 937Phenol
substituted phenolsoxidation by Pseudomonas spp., 1399
Phenolic compoundsBacteroides spp. effects, 3019degradation, 3043detoxification, 3086methanogenic degradation, 12770 methylation, 3043utilization by L. hoffmannii, 1882
L-Phenylalanine ammonia-lyaseR. graminis
strain improvement, 996Phosphate
effect on carbon steel corrosion, 386Pseudomonas sp. strain PG2982
starvation-induced glyphosate uptake,1886
removal from wastewater, 2894Phospholipid fatty acidscomposition in S. wolfei, 1570
xxii SUBJECT INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX xxiii
PhosphorusA. atrocyaneus ATCC 13752
glyphosate degradation, 1293nitrogen fixation effects, 2387S. capricornutum
uptake enhancement, 1394Photoexcretion
glycolatehot spring cyanobacterial mat, 1738
Photolysisbenzo[a]pyrene biodegradation, 1724
Photosemiconductor powderscontinuous-sterilization system, 1330
Photosynthesisbenthic cyanobacterial mat
potential, 176R. palustris
aromatic compound metabolism, 712S. capricornutumenhancement, 1394
Photosynthetic bacteriasalt marsh, 1360
Phototrophic bacteriasalt marsh, 1360
Phthalate-degrading bacteriapyridine compound metabolism, 2342
Phyllosphereconjugal plasmid transfer, 343
Phylogenyruminal microbial ecology, 1079
Phytoplankton-degrading communitiesadaptation to thermal reactor effluent,
1481Phytotoxins
syringomycin, 1345Pichia anomala
anti-C. albicans activity, 1099Pichia stipitis
xylitol dehydrogenaseinduction, 50
xylose reductaseinduction, 50
Pigeon peaBradyrhizobium spp.
hydrogen oxidation, 94nitrogen fixation, 94nodulation, 94
PigmentationS. marcescens, 3138X. luminescens, 1602
Pigsfecal coliforms
antibiotic resistance, 1341Planktonic microorganismsDNA extraction, 1426
Plant pathogenesisP. syringae pv. syringae
role of syringomycin, 1345Plasmid incompatibility
S. cremoriseffect on DNA transfer, 865
Plasmid transferB. subtilis and S. lactis, 1309denitrification, 3173lithoautotrophy, 3173mercury resistance, 972P. aeruginosa strains, 1923river epilithon, 2756V. cholerae, 2771
Plasmidsantibiotic resistanceLeuconostoc spp., 281
aquatic bacteria
DNA recipients, 115B. ruminicola
tetracycline resistance, 855B. subtilis
transfer, 1309bacteria from amphipods, 1284bacteria from sediments, 2916BamHI analysis, 2594bovine growth hormone expression
stabilization in E. coli, 1293C. botulinum type G
toxin and bacteriocin production, 1405C. perfringens
shuttle plasmid system, 268ColE1::TnS
E. coli survival, 1776conjugative transfer
predictive model, 343E. amylovora identification, 2798E. coli
shuttle plasmid system, 268E. coli-Streptococcus shuttle plasmids
comobilization to L. plantarum, 824frequency fluctuations, 2192gram-negative purple bacteria, 2273group B streptococcal plasmids
transfer to L. plantarum, 824homologous opd genes, 2586incompatibilityDNA transfer to S. cremoris, 865
lactic streptococcibacteriophage insensitivity, 777
mercury resistancetransfer and occurrence, 972
non-OI V. cholerae, 2771P. aeruginosa BS827
kelthane degradation, 1587P. aeruginosa survival, 2574psychrotrophic bacteria
degradative capacity, 638Rhizobium spp., 1280Rhizobium spp. nodulating sulla, 1262S. aureus
indicators of poultry contamination,1541
S. lactisnisin resistance, 2136transfer, 1309
S. plymuthica from M. sexta, 1855S. typhimurium
analysis, 1591restriction and modification system,
1591Salmonella spp.
comparison, 760shuttle plasmid DNA
C. perfringens transformation, 264Streptomyces spp.
conjugative plasmid transfer, 1334nonconjugative plasmid mobilization,
1334stressed soil communities, 2192transfer
bacteria from amphipods, 1284Plating efficiencyD. vulgaris, 2318
Pluggingmodel rock system, 1365
Poisson assumptiontest of validity, 2996
Poliovirusrecovery, 1983
PoliovirusesFinnish poliomyelitis outbreak, 371retention in soil columns, 118survival in water, 2705
Pollutantspolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon com-
poundsdegradation, 1182, 1188
Pollutionpsychrotrophic bacterium
degradative capacity, 638Poly-3-hydroxyalkanoatesformation by P. oleovorans, 2924
Poly(,-hydroxyalkanoates)P. oleovorans, 1977
Poly-,-hydroxybutyrateA. lipoferum flocs, 2986determination in sludge, 2325
Poly-,B-hydroxyvaleratedetermination in sludge, 2325
Polychlorinated biphenylscometabolism, 19402,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
effects on S. capricornutum, 1394Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
degradation, 1182, 1188, 1649, 1724formation, 2415mineralization, 1612pyrene-degrading bacteria, 2549
Polyestersformation by P. oleovorans, 2924P. oleovorans as source, 1977
Polyethylene glycolfermentative degradation, 561pathogenic virus recovery, 1983
Polymersantibacterial activity, 2532
Polyoxyalkylene glycollipolytic enzyme purification, 1307
Polysaccharide-digesting bacteriaisolation, 1061
PolysaccharidesB. fibrisolvens
neutral sugar composition, 878production, 878
digestion by a bacterium, 1061H. mediterranei, 2381Porphyridium sp., 2411production by propionibacteria, 1892ruminal microorganisms
degradation, 1117Polystyrene particles
adhesion to solid substrata, 837Polyurethane foamM. isabellina
immobilization, 1015Pony cecum
effects of diet change, 1946Population dynamics
C. pintolopesii in mice, 2371P. syringae
aerial dispersal, 1557epiphytic survival, 1557
soil denitrifiers, 2711Pork
Y. enterocoliticaisolation, 851
Y. pseudotuberculosis isolatesvirulence, 818
Poronia punctata(+)-isoepoxydon production, 861
Porphyridium spp.polysaccharide production, 2411
VOL. 54, 1988
xxiv SUBJECT INDEX
Porphyrinsdelignification of wood, 62
Potassium telluriteThermus spp.
resistance, 610Potato infection courtsErwinia spp.
antibiosis and competition, 1222Potato starch
digestion by B. subtilis 65a-amylase, 1516
Poultry intestinal homogenatesbacterial cholyltaurine hydrolase
effects of dietary carbohydrates, 337Poultry processing plants
S. aureus contaminationplasmid profiles as indicators, 1541
Poultry wasteanaerobic digestion, 2335
PredationC. necator
response to nutrients, 2161Preservatives
effect on yeasts, 2091PressureM. jannaschii, 3039M. thermolithotrophicusgrowth rate enhancement, 1258protein pattern alterations, 2375
Prey availabilityP. invadens growth, 1848
Primary bacterial productionsouthwestern reservoir, 661
Propionatecatabolism, 1300reductive carboxylation, 441
Propionate-forming bacteriadetergent degradation, 561polyethylene glycol degradation, 561polysaccharide production, 1892
Proteaseregulation in B. bassiana, 2699X. luminescens, 2793
Proteinaquatic bacterial studies, 3191B. thuringiensis
insecticidal crystal proteins, 2010C. acetobutylicum, 198913- 1,4-endoglucanase
excretion into medium, 2287M. thermolithotrophicus
pressure-induced alterations, 2375production by "P. plantarii"
effect of iron limitation, 844Proteinase
L. lactis, 2250S. cremoris Wg2
deletion analysis, 239gene nucleotide sequence, 231
Protoplast fusionR. albus and FE7, 1249R. albus gene transfer, 2300
ProtoplastsL. plantarum, 2599lactobacilli
formation and regeneration, 1615transfection by phage DNA, 3014
Protozoabacterial survival, 3023bison, 2733continuous cultures, 3113E. tenella
anaerobic digestion, 2335
marine phagotrophsrates of digestion of bacteria, 1091
pony cecumeffects of diet change, 1946
Pseudomonas aeruginosain situ survival, 2574kelthane degradation, 1587plasmid transfer, 1923
Pseudomonas atlanticaagarase gene
cloning, 30gene replacement mutagenesis, 30
Pseudomonas diminutaopd-containing plasmid, 2586
Pseudomonas fluorescenshaloaliphatic hydrocarbon metabolism,
2578heat production, 2220survival of Rif' mutants, 2432
Pseudomonas fluorescens subsp. cellulosaendoglucanase characterization, 302
Pseudomonas oleovoranspoly(13-hydroxyalkanoates), 1977polyester formation, 2924
"Pseudomonas plantarii"growth
effect of iron limitation, 844tropolone and protein production
effect of iron limitation, 844Pseudomonas putida
adherence and colonization, 375agglutinability, 2037dibenzothiophene degradation, 31832,3-dioxygenase, 2664fusarium wilt suppression, 2037genetic region cloning, 3169oxidation of substituted phenols, 1399survival of Rif' mutants, 2432toluene degradation, 1498toluene dioxygenase, 1703trichloroethylene degradation, 1703
Pseudomonas putrefaciensheat production, 2220
Pseudomonas spp.bromacil degradation, 22034-chlorobiphenyl biotransformation, 5941,2-dichlorobenzene degradation, 294glyphosate metabolism, 2953glyphosate uptake, 1886hydroxybiphenyl degradation, 2683lac gene fusions, 2877methyl parathion degradation, 288naphthalene degradation, 2478oxidation of substituted phenols, 1399
Pseudomonas syringaeaerial dispersal, 1557epiphytic survival, 1557ice nucleation on leaves, 2281
Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringaeplant pathogenesis
syringomycin role, 1345Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato
chemotaxis, 629Psychrophiles
bacteriaisolation, 1066
Psychrotrophic bacteriadegradative capacity, 638
Purple bacteriaplasmid pCU I host ranges, 2273
Pyrene-degrading bacteriaisolation and characterization, 2549Mycobacterium sp., 2556
Pyrethroid insecticidesmicrobial transformation, 2874
Pyridine compoundsbacterial metabolism, 2342
Pyridinium-type polymersantibacterial activity, 2532
Pyrimidine dimersUV light resistance, 1275
Quinolinemicrobial hydroxylation, 827
R plasmidsSalmonella spp.
comparison, 760Rain forests
fecal coliforms, 513Rana pipiens
large intestinal bacteria, 2305, 2311Rapid latex agglutination test
enterotoxin detection, 2345Rapid NFT
bacillus identification, 2838Rats
steroid-desulfating bacteria, 2112Redox conditions
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarboncompounds
degradation, 1182Reductive carboxylation
propionate, 441Refrigerated meat
bacterial content assessment, 1462Refrigerationground beef acceptability
lactic acid concentration, 822RelatednessSynechococcus spp., 3071
Released microorganismsrecovery from compost, 3107
Repressorbacteriophage 434 repressor
E. coli plasmid stabilization, 1293Reservoirs
primary and secondary production, 661Resin acidsM. isabellina
transformation, 1015Resistance
B. stearothermophilusheat shock, 2515
Tn919tetracycline resistance determinant,
1230Resistance mechanisms
chlorinated waterbacterial survival, 649
lactic streptococci, 2808Restriction endonucleases
Y. enterocolitica serotype 08occurrence of YenI, 577
Restriction fragment length polymorphismsmushrooms
crosses among homokaryons, 1643Synechococcus relatedness, 3071
Reuse lifechemical disinfectants, 158
Rhizobiacompetitiveness
effect of Glycine spp., 803ecological indicators, 1112enumeration in tropical soils, 1494
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
SUBJECT INDEX xxv
Rhlizobiiu,n ftediiauxotrophic mutants, 423competitiveness
effect of Glicine spp., 803nitrogen fixation efficacy, 1907nodulation efficacy, 1907P. i'ulgaris genotypes, 1907transposon mutagenesis, 423
Rhizobiun japoniciinexopolysaccharide synthesis, 1624hydroaromatic substrates, 1624
Rhizobiiin leguininosaruinizdehydrogenase complex, 3008genetic diversity, 2825nodulation gene expression, 2541nutrient-amended soils
growth, 257relationships of isolates, 2825
Rliizobiirm lotiDNA sequence isolation, 2852
Rhlizobilrn mnelilotibacteriophages, 188exposure to stress, 183nutrient-amended soils
growth, 257strain identification method, 574survivability, 183
Rhiizobbiun pliaseolinif reiterations
effect on symbiotic effectiveness, 848Rhizobiion spp.
melanin production, 1812niif and nod conservation, 1262numerical taxonomic analysis, 1825plasmid profile diversity, 1262symbiotic plasmids, 1280
Rhizophvdium littoreionchemotaxis, 1668
Rhizosphereconjugal plasmid transfer, 343root agglutinin
effect on microbial activities, 1838Rhodanese
Thiobacillus spp., 2866Rhodobacter sphlaeroides
carbon allocation, 2737Rhodococcus clhloroplhenolicus
chlorinated guaiacols and syringolshydroxylation and dechlorination, 683
chlorinated para-hydroquinones0-methylation, 1818
Rhodococicus rhodochrousnicotinamide production, 1766nicotinic acid production, 1030
Rhodococcus spp.phenolic compound degradation, 3043
Rhodopseiudotnonas paliustr-isaromatic compound metabolism, 712
Rhodotorula grarninisL-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, 996
Rhlodotoritla flhiniltaisobutene-forming system, 583
Rifampin resistancesurvival of mutants, 2432
River epilithonmercury resistance plasmids
transfer and occurrence, 972plasmid transfer, 2756
RNA hybridizationruminal ecology studies, 1079
Root agglutinineffect on rhizosphere bacteria, 1838
Rootscolonization by P. pihtida. 375stimulation of elongation. 3169
Roridin Aenzyme immunoassay
use of rabbit antibodies. 225monoclonal antibodies. 2328
Roseburiat ('cecicolaDNA degradation, 1619
Rosetteshuman periodontal bacteria
sequestered surface recognition, 104616S rRNA sequencingruminal microbial ecology. 1079
Ruminal lactic acidosisionophore effects, 2981
Ruminal microbial ecologyhybridization probes, 1079
Ruminal microorganismsammonia production, 872B. rutminicola
enumeration, 534bacterial species
differentiation, 596bacteriophages
morphological diversity, 1637cellulose fermentation, 2655, 2660cellulosic substrate degradation, 1163enrichment and isolation, 872fermentation comparisons, 2510,B-glucanase gene cloning, 2672hay fermentation, 2174ionophore effects, 2981lignin degradation, 1117N.jiontalis cQ-amylase, 2293peptostreptococcus, 2742population comparisons, 2510protozoa in bison, 2733R. flavefaiciens FD-1
exo-,-1,4-glucanase A inhibition, 1634S. I-iiiiiitittltltllr
temperate bacteriophage, 1575seed germination, 218selected bacteria
amylolytic activity, 772sensitivity to pentachlorophenol, 2619sheep rumenmethanol fermentation, 832
steers fed high- or low-forage dietspostprandial changes, 502
tetronasin effect, 544Rutninococcus albius
cellulase genecloning and expression in E. coli, 1511
cellulase gene transfer, 2300cellulase genes
expression in bacteriophage X, 1752cellulose fermentation, 2655, 2660intergeneric protoplast fusion, 1249
Ruininococcus flavefacienscellulose degradation
inhibition by methylcellulose, 890exo-,B-1,4-glucanase A
methylcellulose inhibition, 1634
Saccharotnvues btavanuIisethanol tolerance, 2439
Saccharomtvces cerei'isiaeC. fizi exoglucanase
expression and secretion. 476ethanol accumulation, 110ethanol-induced leakage, 903
fermentationethanol accumulation, 110ethanol production decline, 98
0-glucosidase expression, 3142mannoprotein as bioemulsifier, 1420
Saccharomyces spp.starch utilization, 966
Sa( cl-roounX(vopsis fibulige-tranucleotide sequences of genes. 3142
SalamiL. Pnonocvtogenes, 497
Salmttotnella spp.survival in estuaries, 2902virulence factors and R plasmidscomparison, 760
Salmnonella tvphimuriumnplasmid profile analysis, 1591restriction and modification system, 1591
Salmonellosisplasmid profile analysis, 1591
Salt marshesanaerobic phototrophic bacteria, 1360methanogenic bacteria, 1151nitrogen fixation, 2031polysaccharide-digesting bacterium
isolation, 1061Sandstone rocks
cryptoendolithic microbiotabiomass, 957carbon metabolism, 960
Schizophyllutn communeferulic acid esterase activity, 1170
Sea urchinP. invadens invasion, 1848
Second carbon sourcesbiodegradation, 2803
Secondary bacterial productionconversion factor evaluation, 2018southwestern reservoir, 661
Sedimentsdehalogenation, 3079dimethylsulfoniopropionate
demethylation, 2208DNA recovery, 2908effects of acidification, 2003halogenated aromatic aldehydes
transformations, 2226hydrocarbon degradation, 1649microbial hydrogen metabolism
influence of pH, 590naphthalene degradation, 2478oil field
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon min-eralization, 1612
pathogenic virus recovery, 1983plasmid incidence, 2916salt marshesmethanogenic bacteria, 1151nitrogen fixation, 2031
trichloroethylene degradation, 1709Seed germination
cellulolytic ruminal bacteriaeffect, 218
Selective pluggingmodel rock system, 1365sandstone cores, 1373
Selena(sitriimn capricornutumn2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl effects,
1394Selenate
reduction by bacteria, 2591Selenomtnontats r-imminantiiitu
temperate bacteriophage
VOL. 54, 1988
xxvi SUBJECT INDEX
isolation and characterization, 1575Sensitivity
lactic streptococcibacteriophages, 777, 1951
Leptospira spp.mitomycin C, 728UV radiation, 728
Sepharose 6Blipolytic enzyme purification, 1307
Seroepidemiologycholera, 1673
Serratia marcescenspigmentation induction, 3138
Serratia plymuthicaisolation from Manduca sexta, 1855
Sewage sludgehexachlorobenzene dechlorination, 327recovery of viruses
beef extract elution, 1880organic flocculation, 309
Sewage watersviruses, 371
ShakingC. thermocellum
fermentation product effects, 1216Shale oil
nitrile biodegradation, 2197Sheepmethanol fermentation in the rumen, 832ruminal bacteriophages
morphological diversity, 1637Sheep milk staphylococci
enterotoxin production, 566Siderophores
production by A. vinelandii, 2625Sinefungin
S. incarnatusregulation of biosynthesis, 1109
Sludgeapplication to soil columns
poliovirus retention, 118bacterial lipid polymers, 2325coenzyme F420 content
methanogenic activity, 1126S. natans detection, 799viruses
low-temperature stability, 839Sodiumdependent A. chroococcum, 2123
Sodium dodecyl sulfatedegradation by bacteria, 555
Sodium dodecyl sulfate-degrading bacteriadistributions in a polluted river, 555
Soilacidophilic Nitrobacter strain, 1536alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
aerobic biomineralization, 548B. japonicum inoculants, 2636bacterial community
specific microorganism detection, 703bromacil degradation, 2203C. necator
response to nutrients, 2161carbofuran metabolism, 2129denitrification, 2711DNA recovery, 2908E. coli transduction, 1731enumeration of rhizobia, 1494enumeration of TnS mutant bacteria, 446geothermally heated soils
thermophilic heterotrophs, 622hexachlorocyclohexane
biodegradation, 143
kelthane degradationP. aeruginosa BS827, 1587
leachable toxic pollutantsimmobilization, 1719
neutrophilic Nitrobacter strain, 1536nutrient additions
R. leguminosarum growth, 257R. meliloti growth, 257
rhizobiaecological indicators, 1112
Streptomyces plasmid transfer, 1334stressed communities
plasmid frequency fluctuations, 2192survival of Rif' bacteria, 2432
Soil columnspoliovirus retention, 118
Soil microorganismsethylene effect on peas, 2728
Soil-water systemspolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon com-
poundsdegradation, 1182, 1188
SolventsC. acetobutylicum
butanol formation, 1662C. acetobutylicum synthesis, 2717C. beijerinckii
solvent-forming enzymes, 642C. butylicum
solvent-forming enzymes, 642Soybean
B. japonicum nodulation, 1996Bradyrhizobium spp. association, 94phosphorus nutrition effects, 2387
Spartina alternifloraanaerobic phototrophic bacteria, 1360methanogenic bacteria, 1151nitrogen fixation, 2031
Sphaerotilus natansdetection in activated sludge, 799
Spheroplastslactobacilli
formation and regeneration, 1615R. albus gene transfer, 2300
Spodoptera littoralis Bdv.Bacillus insecticidal crystals, 2689
SporesB. cereus
germination, 2179B. subtilisUV light resistance, 1275
B. thuringiensisC. necator response, 2161
Bacillus sp.hausmannite formation, 2140manganese oxidation, 2140
bacterial sporesnuclear magnetic resonance spectros-
copy, 923C. botulinum type A
germination in acidified medium, 1446C. perfringens
activation, 2042growth in cooked chili, 1104
heat shock effects, 2515variability in measurement, 1430
Spray irrigationaerosols and wastewater
animal viruses, coliphages, and bacte-ria, 409
SqualeneArthrobacter sp. strain Y- 11
oxidative pathway, 381
Staining proceduresDAPI and antibodies, 2949groundwater bacteria
enumeration, 1630Staphylococcal enterotoxin A
purification, 1761Staphylococcus aureus
bacteriophage stabilities, 2590enterotoxigenic strains
detection, 531enterotoxin detection, 2345outermost-cell-surface changes, 2486poultry processing plant contamination
plasmid profiles as indicators, 1541Staphylococcus spp.
sheep milk staphylococcienterotoxin production, 566
Starchfermentation, 2447Saccharomyces spp.
utilization, 966substrate for B. vulgatus, 1911
Starved bacteriaglyphosate uptake, 1886model rock system plugging, 1365N. cryotolerans survival, 2890sandstone core plugging, 1373
Steelcorrosion by D. desulfuricans, 386
Stereologybacterial size measurement, 105
Sterilizationphotosemiconductor powders, 1330
Steroid-desulfating bacteriaisolation and identification, 2112
StirringC. thermocellum
fermentation product effects, 1216Storage
,-galactosidase activityinfluence of temperature, 898
Strain improvementintergeneric protoplast fusion, 1249R. albus gene transfer, 2300R. graminis
L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyaseproduction, 996
Streptococcus cremorisbacteriophage resistance, 2808cell wall properties, 2808dipeptidase
purification and characterization, 43DNA transfer
effect of plasmid incompatibility, 865fermentation condition effects, 2527proteinase gene
deletion analysis, 239nucleotide sequence, 231
temperate bacteriophage genomecircular permutation, 1039
Streptococcus lactisa-acetolactate decarboxylase gene
expression in E. coli, 1889nisin resistance determinant, 2136plasmid transfer, 1309proteinase antibodies, 2250replication origin, 2136
Streptococcus mitisadhesion to solid substrata, 837
Streptococcus zooepidemicuspathogenicity in mice, 1744
Streptomyces badiuskraft lignin degradation, 3064
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
SUBJECT INDEX xxvii
Streptomyces incarnatussinefungin biosynthesis regulation, 1109
Streptomyces lividansendoglucanase gene cloning, 2521
Streptomyces spp.conjugative plasmid transfer, 1334nonconjugative plasmid mobilization,
1334Streptomyces viridosporus
extracellular esterase activity, 2237kraft lignin degradation, 3064ligninase, 3057
StressC. acetobutylicum, 1989E. coli colony formation, 3147soil communities
plasmid frequency fluctuations, 2192Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis
P. invadens invasion, 1848Sublethal injury
lake water, 2859Sub-parts-per-billion method
nitrate measurement, 1409Substituted phenols
oxidation by Pseudomonas spp., 1399Substrate removal rates
prediction, 434Substrate uptake
microbial decompositionaquatic environments, 784
Substratesconsumption by a Methanosarcina sp.,
2976hydroaromatic substrates
R. japonicum, 1624mucopolysaccharides
B. thetaiotaomicron growth, 1970polyester formation, 2924removal by microbial assemblages, 2054starch
B. vulgatus, 1911Subsurface microbial communities
adaptation responseeffect of nutrients, 212
aerobic biodegradationeffect of nutrients, 212
plasmid incidence, 2916Subtraction hybridizationR. loti DNA isolation, 2852
SuccinateLactobacillus strains, 3053
Sufu pehtzeA. taiwanensis
growth and enzyme production, 688Sugar
B. fibrisolvensextracellular polysaccharide
composition, 878Suicide vectors
engineered microorganisms, 2472Sulfate-reducing bacteriaD. desulfuricans
carbon steel corrosion, 386D. vulgaris
plating efficiency, 2318effect of mucin, 2750S. alterniflora roots, 2031salt marsh sediments, 2031
Sulfidogenic bacteriabutyrate metabolism, 1354dehalogenating strain DCB-1, 2938, 2944
Sulfite oxidaseT. ferrooxidans
ferric ion utilization, 153Sulfur
n-alkyl tetrahydrothiophenesmicrobial degradation, 1243
T. ferrooxidansoxidation, 1694
Sulfur cycleanaerobic bacteria
34S/32S fractionation, 250SullaRhizobium spp.
nif and nod conservation, 1262plasmid profile diversity, 1262
Superoxide dismutaseL. monocytogenes
effect of heat injury, 581Surface recognitionhuman periodontal bacteria
intergeneric rosettes, 1046Survival
B. thetaiotaomicronchromosome deletion, 1964
chlorinated waterbacteria, 649, 3023
E. coliaerosol dispersal, 1776
E. coli in estuaries, 2902P. aeruginosa
tropical waters, 2574P. fluorescens Rif, 2432P. putida Rif, 2432P. syringae
environmental release trial, 1557R. melilotigrowth upon cheese whey, 183
salmonellae in estuaries, 2902starved N. cryotolerans, 2890viruses in mineral water, 2705
Suspended communitiessubstrate removal rate prediction, 434
Suspension cultivationT. pallidum subsp. pallidum, 2862
Swinefeed refusalEurotium spp. and echinulin, 830
Salmonella spp.virulence factors and R plasmids, 760
Y. pseudotuberculosis isolatesvirulence, 818
Sym plasmidRhizobium spp., 1280
SymbiosisR. fredii HH303 mutants, 423
Symbiotic effectivenessR. phaseoli
effect of nif reiterations, 848Synechococcus spp.
genetic relatedness, 3071Syntrophic cocultures
benzoate degradation, 1871Syntrophomonas wolfei
phospholipid fatty acid composition,1570
Syringolsdechlorination, 683
SyringomycinP. syringae pv. syringae
plant pathogenesis, 1345
T-2 toxinF. sporotrichioides, 2759inhibition of production, 540
metabolism by Baccharis spp., 2277monoclonal antibodies, 2959
Tall fescueendophyte isolation, 2615
Tangential flow filtrationwaterborne viruses of fish, 1606
Tap waterL. pneumophila growth, 2677
TaxonomyA. denitrificans, 984Rhizobium spp.
numerical analysis, 1825TemperatureA. taiwanensis
effect, 688F. velutipes fruiting, 2460P-galactosidase activity
influence, 898lignin peroxidase production, 3194M. jannaschii, 3039M. thermolithotrophicusgrowth rate enhancement, 1258
marine phagotrophic protozoarates of digestion of bacteria, 1091
milkaflatoxin M,, 1622
N. fischerifumitremorgin production, 1504growth, 1504
P. invadens growth, 1848viruses
stability in sludges, 839TerritremsA. terreus
biosynthesis, 585tet
cloning and characterization, 12302,5,2',5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl
effects on S. capricornutum, 1394Tetrachloroethylene
dechlorination, 2976Tetrachloromethane
transformation, 2819Tetracycline resistance
B. ruminicolaplasmid-associated transfer, 855
Tetracycline resistance determinantcloning and characterization, 1230
Tetronasineffect on ruminal microorganisms, 544effects on acidosis, 2981
Thermal reactor effluentadaptation of phytoplankton-degrading
communities, 1481Thermal resistance
L. monocytogenescatalase activity, 581superoxide dismutase activity, 581
L. monocytogenes inactivation, 364Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus
alcohol dehydrogenasespurification and properties, 460
Thermomonospora curvatagrowth on cellulose
endoglucanase patterns, 588Thermomonospora fuscaendoglucanase gene cloning, 2521
ThermophilesC. thermocellum JW20
characterization, 204geothermally heated soils
enumeration, 622recovery from compost, 3107
VOL. 54, 1988
xxviii SUBJECT INDEX
syntrophic acetate oxidizerisolation and characterization, 124
T. ethanolicusalcohol dehydrogenases, 460
T. ruberhot spring strains, 2049
Thermus spp.DNA:DNA homology, 2049potassium tellurite resistance, 610
Thermus aquaticusDNA:DNA homology with T. ruber,
2049Thermus ruberDNA:DNA homology with T.
aquaticus, 2049hot spring strains, 2049
Thermus spp.potassium tellurite resistance, 610
ThianthreneP. chrysosporium
oxidation, 1858Thiobacillus ferrooxidans
electron acceptor, 153elemental sulfur oxidation, 1694Fe2+ oxidation kinetics, 3092ferrous iron oxidation, 1694ferrous sulfate oxidation, 3101growth on sulfur-basal salts, 150iron-oxidizing system, 150jarosite formation, 3101sulfite oxidase, 153
Thiobacillus spp.rhodanese assay, 2866
ThiolaseC. acetobutylicum, 2717
Thiolsproduction in sediments, 2208
Thiophenolsmethylation by cell extracts, 524
Thiosphaera pantotrophanitrification-denitrification, 2812
Thymidineincorporation into DNA, 1868
[3H]Thymidinebacterial production estimation, 1934bacterial secondary productivity, 2018incorporation by bacterioplankton, 331,
2213incorporation in marine bacteria, 3165
Tip culture methodA. parasiticus isolation, 2096
Titanium oxidecontinuous-sterilization system, 1330
Tn5P. putida gene cloning, 3169P. syringae pv. syringae mutants
plant pathogenesis, 1345Tn919
tetracycline resistance determinantcloning and characteristics, 1230
TNTC countsaveraging, 2069
Tobacco hornwormisolation of S. plymuthica, 1855
tod operongenetic organization in P. putida Fl,
1498Toluene
degradation by P. putida Fl, 1498Toluene dioxygenase
P. putida Fltrichloroethylene degradation, 1703
TomatoesA. tumefaciens colonization, 3133
Toolik Lakemicrobial Mn(II) oxidation, 1440
Toxic wasteleachable component immobilization,
1719Toxins
B. sphaericus, 2320B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis
structural relatedness, 277killer toxins of yeast
effects on eucaryotes, 1068N. spumigena peptide, 2257T-2 toxin
inhibition of production, 540V. cholerae non-Ol, 3180
Trametes versicolornitrogen starvation
cloning of induced genes, 1550Transduction
E. coli, 1731Transfection
L. bulgaricus protoplasts, 3014L. plantarum protoplasts, 2599
TransformationA. oryzae NRRL 492, 1610B. stearothermophilus, 3162C. perfringens, 2322C. perfringens L forms, 264lactic streptococci, 655Lactobacillus sp. strain 100-33, 416M. bovis identification, 1304S. ruminantium
temperate bacteriophage, 1575Saccharomyces spp.
starch utilization, 966Transition metal oxides
anaerobic microbial dissolution, 1009Transposon mutagenesis
R. fredii HH303, 423Transposons
B. japonicum mutantshydrogen nonutilization, 358
Tn919tetracycline resistance determinant,
1230Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidumsuspension cultivation, 2862
Trichloroethylenebiodegradation
methane-oxidizing bacterium, 951degradation, 1703, 1709microbial metabolism, 604
Trichothecenes3-acetyldeoxynivalenol
effects of metals on production, 1063diacetoxyscirpenol
production by F. sambucinum, 2167metabolism by Baccharis spp., 2277monoclonal antibodies, 2959roridin Aenzyme immunoassay, 225monoclonal antibodies, 2328
T-2 toxinassay, 1302F. sporotrichioides, 2759
TrichothecinF. graminearum MRC 1125, 1700
Tropical rain forestsfecal coliforms, 513
Tropical soilsrhizobia
ecological indicators, 1112Tropical waters
E. colipheno- and genotypic comparison, 979
Legionella spp., 2331P. aeruginosa survival, 2574
Tropoloneproduction by "P. plantarii"
effect of iron limitation, 844
Unsaturated fatty acidsE. coli nutrient depletion, 2107
Ursodeoxycholic acidF. equiseti M41 conversion, 670
UV radiationB. subtilis spores
resistance, 1275Leptospira sensitivity, 728
Veillonella spp.coaggregation properties, 1957
Velvet cutwormgut bacterial flora, 1896
Veratryl alcoholP. chrysosporium
influence on ligninase, 466Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
establishment on a beach, 348inoculum production, 353interaction with erosion, 945
ViabilityM. thermolithotrophicus
high pressure, 1258Vibrio anguillarum
properties of strains, 2264Vibrio choleraenon-Ol R plasmids, 2771non-O1 toxin profiles, 3180seroepidemiology, 1673survival in coral reefs, I
Vibrio hollisaehemolysin production, 2144isolation from fish, 2144
Vibrio parahaemolyticusenumeration, 617
Virulence factorsnon-Ol V. cholerae, 2771Salmonella spp.
comparison, 760Y. tuberculosis, 818
Virusesadsorption to solids, 2650aerosols, 409Chlorella-like strain, 2170coliphage
drinking water, 1632concentration from water, 1325Finnish poliomyelitis outbreak, 371fish
molecular filtration, 1606influenza virus
pathogenicity in mice, 1744low-temperature stability in sludges, 839recovery, 1983recovery from sludge solids
organic flocculation, 309sewage waters, 371wastewater, 409
VitaminsL-ascorbate production, 1770nicotinamide production, 1766
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.
SUBJECT INDEX xxix
VolatilizationHgCl,, 2871mercury in acidic lakes, 2003
WastewaterFinnish poliomyelitis outbreak, 371phosphate removal, 2894recovery of viruses, 309spray irrigation site
animal viruses, coliphages, and bacte-ria, 409
viruses, 371WaterA. hydrophila recovery, 2786L. pneumophila growth, 2677Mycobacterium spp., 3122nontuberculous mycobacteria
isolation from water supplies, 1756pathogenic virus recovery, 1983pristine tropical waters
E. coli comparison, 979trichloroethylene degradation, 1703, 1709virus concentration
microporous filters, 1325viruses of fish
molecular filtration, 1606xenobiotic aromatic pollutants
degradation, 1864Water activityN. fischeri
fumitremorgin production, 1504growth, 1504
Waterflood injection wellsmicrobial biomass and activity, 1383
Wheat branferulic acid esterase
S. commiune, 1170Whey
R. melilotieffect on survivability, 183
White rot fungicrystal violet biodegradation, 1143delignification
models of decay, 62pentachlorophenol degradation, 2885pine wood degradation, 2608
Wooddelignification by porphyrins, 62lignin peroxidase penetration, 2608
Wortmanninisolation and purification, 1268
Xantlhoionas campestri.s pv. translicenshost range mutants, 884
Xenobiotic compoundsbenzo[a]pyrene
biodegradation, 1724carbofuran
bacterial metabolism, 1414degradation in humic water, 1864kelthane
degradation by P. aeruginosa, 1587leachable component immobilization,
1719polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
mineralization, 1612, 1724Xenorhabdus luiminescens
anthraquinone pigment, 1602extracellular protease, 2793hydroxystilbene antibiotic. 1602
XylanB. fibrisolens
degradation, 1085Xylanase
B. polvmyxa geneexpression in E. coli, 1023
Xylitol-5-phosphateL. c asei Cl-16
preparation and purification, 570Xylitol dehydrogenase
P. stipitisinduction, 50
P. tannophiliusinduction, 50
Xylose reductaseP. stipitis
induction, 50P. tannophlilus
induction, 50
Yeast killer toxinsP. anomala
anti-C. albicans activity, 1079Yeasts
amylolytic strains, 2447benzoic acid effect, 2091C and N assimilation, 3185ethanol-tolerant hybrids
selection, 917hydrogen peroxide metabolism, 2086influence of Ca'+, 2439killer toxin
effects on eucaryotes, 1068membrane-active agents, 3126
YenIY. enterocolitica serotype 08widespread occurrence, 577
Yersinia enterocoliticaisolation from pork, 851serotype 08
occurrence of YenI, 577Yersinia pseudotluberculosis
isolates from pork and swinevirulence, 818
Yersinia ruckeriplasmid analysis, 2594
Zea tnays L.Fu.sariiim spp. and mycotoxins, 1930indole metabolism, 2833
ox-trans-ZearalenolF. crookwiellense, 2147
,3-trans-ZearalenolF. crookiiellense, 2147
ZearalenoneF. crookwiellense, 2147
ZincA. v'inelandii
siderophore production, 2625Klebsiella sp.
toxicity, 1689Zooplankton
grazer filtration rates, 2149Zvynomonas mobilis
ethanologenic enzymesexpression in E. coli, 397
VOL . 54, 1988