apwh ch 6 notes - asia to 1450 · ch 12,13,14. 1. big picture - china chapter 2 review ......
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter
AP* Sixth Edition
World Civilizations The Global Experience
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Asia from 600-1450
6Corresponds to
Ch 12,13,14
1. Big Picture - China
Chapter 2 Review Han fall....
“Chinese Dark Ages” 200s-600s
1. Breakdown of Dynasties & Bureaucracy
2. Yangdi leads Tang, Song - 600s-1200s Resurgence! Huge population growth.... Confucianism and Bureaucracy restored.
3. Mongols! - (Yuan Dynasty) 1200s-1300s
4. Mings! - (Brilliant Dynasty) 1300s through 1600s
Focus on trends, don’t get bogged down by names!
2. Sui/Tang Dynasty 600s-900s • Trade
– Protected Silk Road – Indian Ocean Trade (junks) – Paper $$$ - credit
• Acceptance of Old… Confucianism & Buddhism
• New bureaucrat’s power – Scholar-Gentry - power and
control to exam passers
• Grand Canal – Ag allowed for urbanization
& pop explosion
3. Sui/Tang Fall- New Song, old tune!
• Trade & Grand Canal = Great riches and wealth for emperors of Sui/Tang
• Living lavishly = Losing Mandate = Losing Rebellion
Tang - Royal Mistress Yang Guifel’s. Special favors to her family, pushes rebellion
Sui - Yangdi’s lavish lifestyle along the Grand Canal = Rebellion
4. Song Changes the Tune• Scholar-Gentry (Bureaucrats)
– Continued rise under Song – Military leaders upset
• Over the Wall probs! – N Nomads paid off – Military uninspired to stop
• Neo-Confucians – Confucian thought +
HOSTILITY to outside thoughts/religions…..
• Gains in technology – printing, compass, ship
building, gunpowder
5. Bad music for Women!
• Role of Women – Confinement – Foot binding - OUCH – Mongol women appalled and refuse.
6. Japan• Religion - Similar to Confucianism
– Shintoism = reverence of nature, ancestors, & Confucian ethics
• Political - City-State, Feudalistic fragments – Lords - Bushi - own army and
castles – Knights - Samurai fight for Bushi – Bushido = Chivalry of Samurai
! Seppuku - suicide for losers of battle
7. Wait for it....The Mongols!
Khan and Mongol Kulture!• Central Asia - Mongol Culture - Nomadic Clan
Based – Chinggis Khan - father killed, rival clan kidnaps him,
early learning of brutal Mongol world…kills brother! – Leaders elected by men! - Democratic?!
8. Mongol Rise and Expand in
Mongol Attack!!! All Cavalry - World Best! Cavalry front to draw out Flank and destroy Deadly arrows and lances!
MongolsFlank
Flank
Mongols Learn Take Technology & Use
-catapult, gunpowder, cannons, flaming arrows, rams
Mongol Russia - Golden Horde Control for 200 years Hard on people forced to pay Mongol Tribute - Serfdom + Cuts Russia from Renaissance.
The Ilkhanate Destruction of Islamic Dynasties - Baghdad- 800,000 dead -Short lived, but creates power vacuum…Turks to replace Mongol rule
9. Mongol Conquering! 1200-1400s
China Yuan 80 yrs -Mongol/Chinese segregation = resentment -Scholar-Gentry - Merchants.
Could tax! - Open trade - Open religions
Longest
Shortest
Middle
10. 3 Ts of Mongol Rule• 1. Tolerance - religion, culture • 2. Trade - opened trade routes
connecting world to trade & disease! • 3. Teaching - Chinese, Muslims, Indians
learn from each other under Mongol control – Muslims learning spreads- medicine, hospitals – Chinese innovation spreads - silk, gunpowder,
steel, etc. – “Smaller” more interconnected world
• Ming “Bright” Dynasty 1368 – Perception of Mongols losing Mandate
– Plague + Famine + Foreigners = Fuel for Peasants – Peasant Revolt Leaders - The Mings
– Goal #1 - Finish the Wall - Mongols never again – Goal #2 - Show our Brightness! – Admiral Zheng He’s Junk Expeditions ! Fine “China,” metals, and silk to West.
– Ventures end in 1430s • WHY? 30 years of success + nomadic pressures + costs = END
11. Chinese Back - They Build, They Venture & Pull Back