TU Bachelor of Science (Honours) (Architecture) 1 | P a g e

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN Centre for Modern Architecture Studies in Southeast Asia (MASSA) ______________________________________________________________________________________

Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Architecture

Module: ARCHITECTURE CULTURE & HISTORY 1 [ARC60103]

PROJECT: PRECEDENT STUDY & ANALYSIS (50%) DUE: Online Forum Discussion Week 5 & 6 23 & 30 April 2014 (10%)

Analysis Presentation Board Week 9 28 May 2014 (20%)

3D Abstraction Model Week 12 18 June 2014 (20%) Introduction This project focuses on investigating historical works to enrich architectural design and ideas. Through the study of existing buildings, students are able to communicate and expand their own architectural vocabulary and develop design concepts. In a group of 4, students are required to conduct precedent study analysis on specific building through drawing, model-making, on-line forum discussion and verbal presentations. This precedent study analysis should help clarify the research question of “why” that specific building is historically, culturally and architecturally importance; and “how” the design concepts derived from that particular building can be developed and expanded to be creatively and innovatively integrated into their Studio 1 design project. Objectives 1. To introduce basic architectural theory through a consideration of intentions, concepts,

patterns, disciplines, architectural language and contextual relationships. 2. To creatively and innovatively develop and expand the design concept derived from the

precedent study analysis. Learning outcome: 1. To produce building analysis which document intentions, concepts, patterns, disciplines,

architectural language and contextual relationships. 2. To produce graphical development, expansion and elaboration of intentions, concepts,

patterns, disciplines, architectural language and contextual relationships as integration to design project.

Background: A precedent study is one of an effective approach in learning architectural history as well as an essential research stage to any architectural design project. To be a good architect it is crucial that one thoroughly understand what came before a success architectural creation. Precedent studies provide understanding of these contributing factors. The information learned from this process will give architects wisdom to create architecture that is at par or even better than what have been created before. In addition, precedent studies might also reveal reasons for a design failure and thus gives designer the understanding so as not to repeat the same mistakes.

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Assessment: A. On-line Group Forum (10%) (Individual-80% and Group-20% Assessment) On-line group forum is used in this exercise as an effective virtual learning discussion platform for students to work as a team to help each other in exploring the precedent studies of a chosen building with cultural, historical and architectural significances. Through the active on-line discussion forum, students even outside class session will be able to exchange views, share and debate the knowledge derived from the precedent studies to best grasp as well as to encourage a comprehensive analysis of the underlying conceptual ideas of the building. This on-line forum discussion will also prepare them for their verbal presentation during Studio critic session. The study of precedent required students to gather architectural information, so that they truly appreciate the essence of the building; have in-depth understanding of the building systems at work, as well as recognize the series of important elements that realize design aspects of the building. Students are required to answer the questions listed below for the On-line Group Forum: Brief General/Background Questions:

1. Who is the architect or founder of the building? 2. Where and when was the building built? 3. What is the form, or shape of the building? 4. What is the function or purpose of the building? 5. What materials / methods are used for construction? 6. What makes your building historically significant / meaningful?

B. Analysis Presentation Board (20%) (Individual) An analysis presentation board consists of illustrative and abstractive diagrams, drawings and text. The drawings should include actual and conceptual design ideas of floor plans, building sections, analysis diagrams and sketches expressing clarity and in-depth investigation of the precedent studies. The drawings should be composed on one A2 board only and strictly hand-drawn and hand-written.

You should find as much information on your assigned building as possible. Some projects have more information available than others. Your assignment is to provide an in-depth analysis of the building and provide thorough reflections of the questions listed in the subsequent section. Analysis should include: A. Answers to the Precedent Study Analysis questions below:

1. How does the building reflect the spirit of the time and place for which it was built? 2. What is the initial ideas and design concept of the building?

B. Illustration of Precedent Study Analysis in relation to the series of building conceptual elements

listed below – each student is to select and conduct analysis of one element from # 1 to 5 and to synthesize the design concept Partí of # 6.

1. Concept and Architecture analysis (i. Architect and/or Building concepts, ii.

Architecture/Style)

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2. Building massing analysis (i. Material and Structure, ii. Geometry iii. Unit to Whole) 3. Circulation Analysis (i. Circulation to Use-Space, ii. Natural ventilation) 4. Spatial Organization analysis (i. Spatial planning & Siting, ii. Building sequence and

process, iii. Public vs. private, iv. Axes, v. Symmetry & balance, vii. Repetitive to unique, viii. Additive and subtractive, ix. Hierarchy)

5. Building plan-section/elevation analysis (i. Plan to Section or Elevation, ii. Natural light penetration)

6. Partí - Culminates and Summarizes (i. gesture, ii. essence, iii, dominant idea, iv salient characteristic of the building)

C. 3D Abstraction Model (20%) (Group) 3D Abstraction Model is a model expressing the details of some aspect or part of a building. Only the most significance and relevance is extracted and simplified in order to express the important and noteworthy design concept analysis of the building. In this task you will create an abstraction model to communicate your precedent and conceptual analysis. Your model should be in the form of 3D abstraction expressing the building significant Partí of the precedent studies and conceptual analysis. Models should communicate the important structure and components, as well as the creative and innovative ideas and concepts. The model is 30 cm x 30 cm in dimension with 10 cm depth. Material: Balsa timber. Review and assessment/submission dates This project carries 50% of the total marks for the subject

Assessments Type Learning Outcomes

Marks Presentation Submission/ Deadline

Precedent Study & Analysis

Online Forum Group + Individual

1 - 4

10%

Week 5 – 23 April Week 6 - 30 April

(10%)

Analysis Presentation Board

Individual 1 - 4

20% Week 9- 28 May Week 9- 28 May

(20%)

3D Abstraction Model

Group + Individual

3 & 4 20% Week 12 - 18 June

(20%)

References – please refer to the full references in module outlines Main References:

1. Fletcher, Sir Banister and Winsgrove, J. (Ed). 1987 (19th Ed). Sir Banister Fletcher’s a History of Architecture. London: Butterworth (720.9 KOS)

2. Clark, R. H., Pause, M. 1996. Precedents in Architecture (2nd edition). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold (729.CLA)

3. Unwin, S. Analysing Architecture. 2002. Glasgow: Bell and Bain Ltd. (720.1 UNW)

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School of Architecture, Building and Design ARCHITECTURE CULTURE AND HISTORY 1 [ARC60103] Grade Evaluation Sheet Project: PRECEDENT STUDY & ANALYSIS (50%) Lecturer: ________________________________ Name: _______________________________________ Student’s ID: ______________ Group: ____________ Architecture: _______________________ Building: ____________________________________

Criteria and Assessable Element(s)

Excellent A

100% – 80%

Very Good A-

79% – 75%

Good B

74% – 60%

Acceptable/Pass C

59% – 50%

Marginal Failed D

49% – 40%

Fail F

39% – 0

A. On-line Forum (10%) Thorough research study, the depth and the effectiveness of on-line discussion forum entries to communicate information that is relevant to the precedent study.

Evidence of extensive research and study translated into on-line discussion forum entries. (Answers all 6 questions with comprehensive evidences)

Evidence of very good research and study translated into on-line discussion forum entries. (Answers all 6 questions with ample evidences)

Evidence of good research and study translated into on-line discussion forum entries. (Answers 5 questions with enough evidences)

Evidence of minimal but sufficient research and study translated into on-line discussion forum entries. (Answers 4 - 5 questions with acceptable evidences)

Evidence of very minimal research and study translated into on-line discussion forum entries. (Answers 4 - 5 questions with inadequate evidences)

Evidence of lack of research and study translated into on-line discussion forum entries. (Answers less than 4 questions with insufficient evidences)

Evaluation

B. Analysis (20%) The analysis board should be self-explanatory, clearly and precisely illustrated and convey thorough analysis documentation. The drawings should communicate: i. In-depth of building precedent analysis, ii. Clarity of information and iii. Identification of key information.

Evidence of extensive precedent studies analysis: (Demonstrated outstanding, elicits presentation, critical and analytical skills of at least 5 in-depth illustrative analysis diagrams)

Evidence of good precedent studies analysis: (Demonstrated well-presented, critical and in-depth analytical skills of at least 5 analysis diagrams).

Evidence of understanding of precedent studies analysis; (Demonstrated sufficiently well-presented critical and analytical skills of at least 5 in-depth analysis diagrams.)

Evidence of minimal but sufficient familiarity with precedent studies analysis; (Demonstrated reasonably well-presented, minimal critical and analytical skills with at least 4 analysis diagrams.)

Evidence of minimally acceptable familiarity with precedent studies analysis (Demonstrated inadequate presentation, lack critical and analytical skills using less than 4 minimal analysis diagrams).

Insufficient evidence of understanding of precedent studies analysis (Poorly presented, demonstrated weakness in critical and analytical skills; limited or irrelevant use of less than 3 analysis diagrams)..

Evaluation

C. Model (20%) Models should communicate the important structure, components, plus the creative and innovative concepts ideas of your precedent study

Model demonstrated and exhibited high degree of details of the important structure and components, plus the creative and innovative concepts ideas.

Model is well presented and exhibits good degree of details of the important structure and components plus the creative and innovative concepts ideas

Model is sufficiently well presented and exhibited acceptable structure and components details of concepts ideas.

Model is basic and exhibited minimal degree of structure and components details of concepts ideas

Model is crude and exhibited poor degree of structure and components details of concepts ideas

Model is poorly presented and exhibited poor structure and components details and/or incomplete.

Evaluation

Overall Evaluation