¿are there environmental friendly materials that make the ...¿are there environmental friendly...

¿Are there environmental friendly materials that make

the technology attractive from the point of view of

disposal and recycling?

Instituto de Energías Renovables-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Environmentally Friendly

Supercapacitors: Green Devices

Current Collectors

SS, Al, Ni foams and paper(High ash content)

Carbon cloth

Separator

PTFE/PP

CelluloseElectrolyte

Organic,

Aqueous

B. Dyatkin, V. Presser, M. Heon, M.R. Lukatskaya, M. Beidaghi, Y. Gogotsi; ChemSusChem 2013, 6, 2269-2280

• Environmental hazards

once disposed

• harmful if discarded by

using conventional

landfill or incineration

methods.

• Substitution of

components for less

enviroment impact.

Over 8 billion batteries annually enter the US and European markets,and with 3 billion alkaline units discarded each year in North Americaalone, each person is projected to generate over 130 g of batterywaste each year. In addition to the battery disposal, with increasingnumbers of mobile computing and autonomous electrical devices,the production and disposal of supercapacitors is expected to growexponentially.

Environmentally Friendly

Supercapacitors: Green Devices

Electroactive Material

Activated C from Biomass

and their composites

BINDER

PTFE, PVDF,

NAFION

PVA

PTFE

PVAc/Polyisoprene

Lamellar PVA

Crosslinked PVA

• IER-UNAM group works on the use of activated carbon from biomass as electrode material,

nanocomposites to improve energy density with sustainable metallic oxides, the use of

environmentally friendly binders to fabricate electrodes, and packaging with polymers to obtain

green devices with good performance

¿In which point is the technology in Mexico?


IER-UNAM: Multidisciplinary group

(Applied Solar Concentration Group)

• SOLAR PYROLYSIS• Pecan Nutshell

• Tomato pruning

• Agave

• HYDROTHERMAL SOLAR PYROLYSIS


(Nanocomposite Materials as Electrodes for Supercapacitors)

• Physicochemical characterizations of Activated Carbons from solar pyrolysis

• Activated carbons from seeweed

• Surface Modification of carbons by grafting functional groups to improve storage properties

CA

RB

ON

R

R= -OH, -CHO, -COOH, -NH2


(Nanocomposite Materials as Electrodes for Supercapacitors)

• Design of Nanocomposite Materials


(Computational Simulation of Electrode Materials)

• Structural phases of nanoporous carbon

• Ion transport in porous electrodes

• Interactions of nanocarbons, their functional groups,

and transition metal oxides

• Simulations of biomass pyrolysis

Which international or national universities or research

centers could collaborate to quick adoption of the

supercaps technology in Mexico? From which point of

view?


Collaborations IER-UNAM: Carbon materials and

their characterization as electrodes for Supercapacitors

• Past Collaborations: Thierry Brousse from Université d´Nantes with the Project of oxygen based functional groups grafted on different carbons, and asymmetric assemblies.

• CICY: Co-direction of master´s thesis on “Triple hybrid material electrodes for supercapacitors, based on PPy-PMo12-Graphene.

Some physicochemical characterizations: elemental analysis and ATR.

Tutored Committee´s of graduate students.



• Coahuila (CINVESTAV): Activated Carbon from Leather waste (275 F/g) and from sawdust waste (300F/g)

They use these carbons for Biofuelcells

• Puebla (BUAP): Activated Carbon from Corn Crops (130 F/g, fast rate)

They use this carbon for Sulfur-Lithium Batteries

Physicochemical characterizations (RAMAN) & Electrical Properties



• G2E (Green 2 Energy): Activated Carbon as waste from a gasification Process of corn crops (135 F/g, high rate).

• Carbon from gasifier is an interesting sustainable option for supercapacitor electrodes

Short-Term opportunities for Mexico? Field labs,

experimental facilities, component manufacture and

diagnosis?


Experimental Facilities IER-UNAM

• Solar and conventional furnaces for pyrolysis of biomass.

• Supercritical drying equipment for synthesis of Carbon Aerogels

• Physisorption equipment for porosity and Surface área determination

• High resolution SEM

• TGA, XRD, ICP…

• Lab-scale electrode fabrication techniques and supercapacitor characterization cells.

• Differents potenciostats including 2 multichannel equipment.

How to improve the per cell voltage? Which novel

materials offer promising characteristics for their use

in electrodes, electrolytes and separation membranes?

Is there a way to control the manufacture process in

order to guaranty voltaje distribution?


Collaboration CNyN-IER UNAM

• Novel Materials: Since Transition Metal Oxides withpseudocapacitance, decrease rate capability and ciclability, nanodispersions of the oxides are requiered.

ALD

Maximum voltaje levels per cell


Assymetric

assemblies

¿are there environmental friendly materials that make the ...¿are there environmental friendly...

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