References

1. Rodriguez RD, Schocken DD. Update on sick sinus syndrome, a cardiac disorder of aging. Geriatrics. 1990;45(1):26-30, 3-6. Epub 1990/01/01.2. Jensen PN, Gronroos NN, Chen LY, Folsom AR, deFilippi C, Heckbert SR, et al. Incidence of and risk factors for sick sinus syndrome in the general population. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2014;64(6):531-8. Epub 2014/08/12.3. Hartel G, Talvensaari T. Treatment of sinoatrial syndrome with permanent cardiac pacing in 90 patients. Acta medica Scandinavica. 1975;198(5):341-7. Epub 1975/11/01.4. Breivik K, Ohm OJ, Segadal L. Sick sinus syndrome treated with permanent pacemaker in 109 patients. A follow-up study. Acta medica Scandinavica. 1979;206(3):153-9. Epub 1979/01/01.5. Rasmussen K. Chronic sinus node disease: natural course and indications for pacing. European heart journal. 1981;2(6):455-9. Epub 1981/12/01.6. Sasaki Y, Shimotori M, Akahane K, Yonekura H, Hirano K, Endoh R, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with sick sinus syndrome: a comparison of clinical aspects among unpaced, ventricular inhibited paced, and physiologically paced groups. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 1988;11(11 Pt 1):1575-83. Epub 1988/11/01.7. Alboni P, Menozzi C, Brignole M, Paparella N, Gaggioli G, Lolli G, et al. Effects of permanent pacemaker and oral theophylline in sick sinus syndrome the THEOPACE study: a randomized controlled trial. Circulation. 1997;96(1):260-6. Epub 1997/07/01.8. Krishnaswami V, Geraci AR. Permanent pacing in disorders of sinus node function. American heart journal. 1975;89(5):579-85. Epub 1975/05/01.9. van Hemel NM, Schaepkens van Riempst AL, Bakema H, Swenne CA. Long-term follow-up after pacemaker implantation in sick sinus syndrome. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 1981;4(1):8-13. Epub 1981/01/01.10. Brignole M, Auricchio A, Baron-Esquivias G, Bordachar P, Boriani G, Breithardt OA, et al. 2013 ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy: the Task Force on cardiac pacing and resynchronization therapy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). European heart journal. 2013;34(29):2281-329. Epub 2013/06/27.11. Shaw DB, Holman RR, Gowers JI. Survival in sinoatrial disorder (sick-sinus syndrome). British medical journal. 1980;280(6208):139-41. Epub 1980/01/19.12. Mazuz M, Friedman HS. Significance of prolonged electrocardiographic pauses in sinoatrial disease: sick sinus syndrome. The American journal of cardiology. 1983;52(5):485-9. Epub 1983/09/01.13. Brignole M, Alboni P, Benditt DG, Bergfeldt L, Blanc JJ, Bloch Thomsen PE, et al. Guidelines on management (diagnosis and treatment) of syncope--update 2004. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2004;6(6):467-537. Epub 2004/11/03.14. Benditt DG, Gornick CC, Dunbar D, Almquist A, Pool-Schneider S. Indications for electrophysiologic testing in the diagnosis and assessment of sinus node dysfunction. Circulation. 1987;75(4 Pt 2):Iii93-102. Epub 1987/04/01.15. Maisch B, Lotze U, Schneider J, Kochsiek K. Antibodies to human sinus node in sick sinus syndrome. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 1986;9(6 Pt 2):1101-9. Epub 1986/11/01.

1

16. Fujimura O, Yee R, Klein GJ, Sharma AD, Boahene KA. The diagnostic sensitivity of electrophysiologic testing in patients with syncope caused by transient bradycardia. The New England journal of medicine. 1989;321(25):1703-7. Epub 1989/12/21.17. Yee R, Strauss HC. Electrophysiologic mechanisms: sinus node dysfunction. Circulation. 1987;75(4 Pt 2):Iii12-8. Epub 1987/04/01.18. Kang PS, Gomes JA, El-Sherif N. Differential effects of functional autonomic blockade on the variables of sinus nodal automaticity in sick sinus syndrome. The American journal of cardiology. 1982;49(2):273-82. Epub 1982/02/01.19. Bergfeldt L, Vallin H, Rosenqvist M, Insulander P, Nordlander R, Astrom H. Sinus node recovery time assessment revisited: role of pharmacologic blockade of the autonomic nervous system. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 1996;7(2):95-101. Epub 1996/02/01.20. Haemmerli M, Bolens M, Friedli B. Electrophysiological studies after the Mustard and Senning operations for complete transposition. Do they have prognostic value? International journal of cardiology. 1990;27(2):167-73. Epub 1990/05/01.21. Opthof T. The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man. Cardiovascular research. 2000;45(1):177-84. Epub 2000/06/08.22. Kenny D, Chakrabarti S, Ranasinghe A, Chambers A, Martin R, Stuart G. Single-centre use of implantable loop recorders in patients with congenital heart disease. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2009;11(3):303-7. Epub 2009/01/21.23. Silveira I, Sousa MJ, Antunes N, Silva V, Roque C, Pinheiro-Vieira A, et al. Efficacy And Safety Of Implantable Loop Recorder: Experience Of A Center. Journal of atrial fibrillation. 2016;9(2):1425. Epub 2016/12/03.24. Narula OS, Samet P, Javier RP. Significance of the sinus-node recovery time. Circulation. 1972;45(1):140-58. Epub 1972/01/01.25. Breithardt G, Seipel L, Loogen F. Sinus node recovery time and calculated sinoatrial conduction time in normal subjects and patients with sinus node dysfunction. Circulation. 1977;56(1):43-50. Epub 1977/07/01.26. Mandel W, Hayakawa H, Danzig R, Marcus HS. Evaluation of sino-atrial node function in man by overdrive suppression. Circulation. 1971;44(1):59-66. Epub 1971/07/01.27. Strauss HC, Bigger JT, Saroff AL, Giardina EG. Electrophysiologic evaluation of sinus node function in patients with sinus node dysfunction. Circulation. 1976;53(5):763-76. Epub 1976/05/01.28. Strauss HC, Saroff AL, Bigger JT, Jr., Giardina EG. Premature atrial stimulation as a key to the understanding of sinoatrial conduction in man. Presentation of data and critical review of the literature. Circulation. 1973;47(1):86-93. Epub 1973/01/01.29. Narula OS, Shantha N, Vasquez M, Towne WD, Linhart JW. A new method for measurement of sinoatrial conduction time. Circulation. 1978;58(4):706-14. Epub 1978/10/01.30. Gomes JA, Kang PS, El-Sherif N. The sinus node electrogram in patients with and without sick sinus syndrome: techniques and correlation between directly measured and indirectly estimated sinoatrial conduction time. Circulation. 1982;66(4):864-73. Epub 1982/10/01.31. Reiffel JA, Gang E, Gliklich J, Weiss MB, Davis JC, Patton JN, et al. The human sinus node electrogram: a transvenous catheter technique and a comparison of directly measured and indirectly estimated sinoatrial conduction time in adults. Circulation. 1980;62(6):1324-34. Epub 1980/12/01.

2

32. Gann D, Tolentino A, Samet P. Electrophysiologic evaluation of elderly patients with sinus bradycardia: a long-term follow-up study. Annals of internal medicine. 1979;90(1):24-9. Epub 1979/01/01.33. Menozzi C, Brignole M, Alboni P, Boni L, Paparella N, Gaggioli G, et al. The natural course of untreated sick sinus syndrome and identification of the variables predictive of unfavorable outcome. The American journal of cardiology. 1998;82(10):1205-9. Epub 1998/12/01.34. Dhingra RC. Sinus node dysfunction. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 1983;6(5 Pt 2):1062-9. Epub 1983/09/01.35. Guidelines for Clinical Intracardiac Electrophysiological and Catheter Ablation Procedures. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines. (Committee on Clinical Intracardiac Electrophysiologic and Catheter Ablation Procedures). Developed in collaboration with the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Circulation. 1995;92(3):673-91. Epub 1995/08/01.36. Brignole M, Menozzi C, Moya A, Andresen D, Blanc JJ, Krahn AD, et al. Pacemaker therapy in patients with neurally mediated syncope and documented asystole: Third International Study on Syncope of Uncertain Etiology (ISSUE-3): a randomized trial. Circulation. 2012;125(21):2566-71. Epub 2012/05/09.37. Sutton R, Kenny RA. The natural history of sick sinus syndrome. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 1986;9(6 Pt 2):1110-4. Epub 1986/11/01.38. Edhag O, Swahn A. Prognosis of patients with complete heart block or arrhythmic syncope who were not treated with artificial pacemakers. A long-term follow-up study of 101 patients. Acta medica Scandinavica. 1976;200(6):457-63. Epub 1976/01/01.39. Edhag O, Wedelin EM. Long-term cardiac pacing. Experience of fixed-rate pacing with an endocardial electrode in 260 patients. 13. Rehabilitation of paced patients. Acta medica Scandinavica Supplementum. 1969;502:81-92. Epub 1969/01/01.40. Friedberg CK, Donoso E, Stein WG. NONSURGICAL ACQUIRED HEART BLOCK. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1964;111:835-47. Epub 1964/06/11.41. Johansson BW. Complete heart block. A clinical, hemodynamic and pharmacological study in patients with and without an artificial pacemaker. Acta medica Scandinavica Supplementum. 1966;451:1-127. Epub 1966/01/01.42. Michaelsson M, Jonzon A, Riesenfeld T. Isolated congenital complete atrioventricular block in adult life. A prospective study. Circulation. 1995;92(3):442-9. Epub 1995/08/01.43. Mangiardi LM, Bonamini R, Conte M, Gaita F, Orzan F, Presbitero P, et al. Bedside evaluation of atrioventricular block with narrow QRS complexes: usefulness of carotid sinus massage and atropine administration. The American journal of cardiology. 1982;49(5):1136-45. Epub 1982/04/01.44. Sumiyoshi M, Nakata Y, Yasuda M, Tokano T, Ohno Y, Ogura S, et al. Changes of conductivity in patients with second- or third-degree atrioventricular block after pacemaker implantation. Japanese circulation journal. 1995;59(5):284-91. Epub 1995/05/01.45. Zipes DP. Second-degree atrioventricular block. Circulation. 1979;60(3):465-72. Epub 1979/09/01.46. Brignole M, Guieu R, Tomaino M, Iori M, Ungar A, Bertolone C, et al. Mechanism of syncope without prodromes with normal heart and normal electrocardiogram. Heart rhythm. 2017;14(2):234-9. Epub 2016/09/19.47. Maggi R, Rafanelli M, Ceccofiglio A, Solari D, Brignole M, Ungar A. Additional diagnostic value of implantable loop recorder in patients with initial diagnosis of real or apparent transient loss of consciousness of uncertain origin [Europace 2014 16: 1226-1230]. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the

3

working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2015;17(12):1847. Epub 2014/12/06.48. Sutton R, Ungar A, Sgobino P, Russo V, Massa R, Melissano D, et al. Cardiac pacing in patients with neurally mediated syncope and documented asystole: effectiveness analysis from the Third International Study on Syncope of Uncertain Etiology (ISSUE-3) Registry. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2014;16(4):595-9. Epub 2014/01/11.49. Krahn AD, Morillo CA, Kus T, Manns B, Rose S, Brignole M, et al. Empiric pacemaker compared with a monitoring strategy in patients with syncope and bifascicular conduction block--rationale and design of the Syncope: Pacing or Recording in ThE Later Years (SPRITELY) study. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2012;14(7):1044-8. Epub 2012/02/10.50. Furukawa T, Maggi R, Bertolone C, Fontana D, Brignole M. Additional diagnostic value of very prolonged observation by implantable loop recorder in patients with unexplained syncope. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 2012;23(1):67-71. Epub 2011/07/23.51. Brignole M, Menozzi C, Maggi R, Solano A, Donateo P, Bottoni N, et al. The usage and diagnostic yield of the implantable loop-recorder in detection of the mechanism of syncope and in guiding effective antiarrhythmic therapy in older people. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2005;7(3):273-9. Epub 2005/05/10.52. Solano A, Menozzi C, Maggi R, Donateo P, Bottoni N, Lolli G, et al. Incidence, diagnostic yield and safety of the implantable loop-recorder to detect the mechanism of syncope in patients with and without structural heart disease. European heart journal. 2004;25(13):1116-9. Epub 2004/07/03.53. Menozzi C, Brignole M, Garcia-Civera R, Moya A, Botto G, Tercedor L, et al. Mechanism of syncope in patients with heart disease and negative electrophysiologic test. Circulation. 2002;105(23):2741-5. Epub 2002/06/12.54. Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes NA, 3rd, Freedman RA, Gettes LS, et al. 2012 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused update incorporated into the ACCF/AHA/HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2013;127(3):e283-352. Epub 2012/12/21.55. Aste M, Brignole M. Syncope and paroxysmal atrioventricular block. Journal of arrhythmia. 2017;33(6):562-7. Epub 2017/12/20.56. Scheinman MM, Peters RW, Suave MJ, Desai J, Abbott JA, Cogan J, et al. Value of the H-Q interval in patients with bundle branch block and the role of prophylactic permanent pacing. The American journal of cardiology. 1982;50(6):1316-22. Epub 1982/12/01.57. Bogossian H, Frommeyer G, Gobbert K, Hasan F, Nguyen QS, Ninios I, et al. Is there a prognostic relevance of electrophysiological studies in bundle branch block patients? Clinical cardiology. 2017;40(8):575-9. Epub 2017/03/16.58. Dhingra RC, Wyndham C, Bauernfeind R, Swiryn S, Deedwania PC, Smith T, et al. Significance of block distal to the His bundle induced by atrial pacing in patients with chronic bifascicular block. Circulation. 1979;60(7):1455-64. Epub 1979/12/01.

4

59. Gronda M, Magnani A, Occhetta E, Sauro G, D'Aulerio M, Carfora A, et al. Electrophysiological study of atrio-ventricular block and ventricular conduction defects. Prognostic and therapeutical implications. Giornale italiano di cardiologia. 1984;14(10):768-73. Epub 1984/10/01.60. Bergfeldt L, Edvardsson N, Rosenqvist M, Vallin H, Edhag O. Atrioventricular block progression in patients with bifascicular block assessed by repeated electrocardiography and a bradycardia-detecting pacemaker. The American journal of cardiology. 1994;74(11):1129-32. Epub 1994/12/01.61. Kaul U, Dev V, Narula J, Malhotra AK, Talwar KK, Bhatia ML. Evaluation of patients with bundle branch block and "unexplained" syncope: a study based on comprehensive electrophysiologic testing and ajmaline stress. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 1988;11(3):289-97. Epub 1988/03/01.62. Twidale N, Heddle WF, Tonkin AM. Procainamide administration during electrophysiology study--utility as a provocative test for intermittent atrioventricular block. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 1988;11(10):1388-97. Epub 1988/10/01.63. Guerot C, Coste A, Valere PE, Tricot R. [Ajmaline test in the diagnosis of paroxysmal atrioventricular block]. Archives des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux. 1973;66(10):1241-53. Epub 1973/10/01. L'epreuve a l'Ajmaline dans le diagnostic du bloc auriculo-ventriculaire paroxystique.64. Di Matteo J, Vacheron A, Guize L, Meilhac B, Heulin A, Le Pailleur C. [Value of recording the bundle of His potential with pharmacodynamic tests in heart conduction disorders]. Annales de medecine interne. 1974;125(4):371-6. Epub 1974/04/01. Interet de l'enregistrement du potentiel hisien avec epreuves pharmacodynamiques dans les troubles de la conduction cardiaque.65. Englund A, Bergfeldt L, Rosenqvist M. Pharmacological stress testing of the His-Purkinje system in patients with bifascicular block. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 1998;21(10):1979-87. Epub 1998/10/30.66. Brembilla-Perrot B. Pharmacological testing in the diagnosis of arrhythmias. Minerva cardioangiologica. 2010;58(4):505-17. Epub 2010/10/13.67. Padrini R, Piovan D, Javarnaro A, Cucchini F, Ferrari M. Pharmacokinetics and electrophysiological effects of intravenous ajmaline. Clinical pharmacokinetics. 1993;25(5):408-14. Epub 1993/11/01.68. Puglisi A, Ricci R, Angrisani G. [The ajmaline test in identifying patients at high risk of developing complete paroxysmal atrioventricular block]. Giornale italiano di cardiologia. 1982;12(12):866-72. Epub 1982/01/01. Il test all'Ajmalina nella identificazione dei pazienti ad alto rischio di blocco atrio-ventricolare completo parossistico.69. Tonet JL, Frank R, Fontaine G, Lajeuncomme MR, Vedel J, Petitot JC, et al. [Evaluation of the response to the ajmaline test in the diagnosis of paroxysmal atrioventricular blocks]. Archives des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux. 1983;76(10):1154-62. Epub 1983/10/01. Evaluation de la reponse au test a l'ajmaline dans le diagnostic des blocs atrioventriculaires paroxystiques.70. Conte G, Levinstein M, Sarkozy A, Sieira J, de Asmundis C, Chierchia GB, et al. The clinical impact of ajmaline challenge in elderly patients with suspected atrioventricular conduction disease. International journal of cardiology. 2014;172(2):423-7. Epub 2014/02/04.71. Guerot C, Valere PE, Laffay N, Lehner JP, Gryman R, Tricot R. [Predictive value of the ajmaline test for the diagnosis of distal paroxysmal atrioventricular block (author's transl)]. Annales de medecine interne. 1981;132(4):246-51. Epub 1981/01/01. Valeur predictive du test a l'ajmaline dans le diagnostic des blocs auriculo-ventriculaires paroxystiques distaux.

5

72. Pentimalli F, Bacino L, Ghione M, Giambattista S, Gazzarata M, Bellotti P. Ajmaline Challenge To Unmask Infrahisian Disease In Patients With Recurrent And Unexplained Syncope, Preserved Ejection Fraction, With Or Without Conduction Abnormalities On Surface ECG. Journal of atrial fibrillation. 2016;9(2):1421. Epub 2016/12/03.73. Brignole M, Menozzi C, Moya A, Garcia-Civera R, Mont L, Alvarez M, et al. Mechanism of syncope in patients with bundle branch block and negative electrophysiological test. Circulation. 2001;104(17):2045-50. Epub 2001/10/24.74. Da Costa A, Defaye P, Romeyer-Bouchard C, Roche F, Dauphinot V, Deharo JC, et al. Clinical impact of the implantable loop recorder in patients with isolated syncope, bundle branch block and negative workup: a randomized multicentre prospective study. Archives of cardiovascular diseases. 2013;106(3):146-54. Epub 2013/04/16.75. Horwich T, Lee SJ, Saxon L. Usefulness of QRS prolongation in predicting risk of inducible monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in patients referred for electrophysiologic studies. The American journal of cardiology. 2003;92(7):804-9. Epub 2003/10/01.76. Englund A, Bergfeldt L, Rehnqvist N, Astrom H, Rosenqvist M. Diagnostic value of programmed ventricular stimulation in patients with bifascicular block: a prospective study of patients with and without syncope. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1995;26(6):1508-15. Epub 1995/11/15.77. Click RL, Gersh BJ, Sugrue DD, Holmes DR, Jr., Wood DL, Osborn MJ, et al. Role of invasive electrophysiologic testing in patients with symptomatic bundle branch block. The American journal of cardiology. 1987;59(8):817-23. Epub 1987/04/01.78. Morady F, Higgins J, Peters RW, Schwartz AB, Shen EN, Bhandari A, et al. Electrophysiologic testing in bundle branch block and unexplained syncope. The American journal of cardiology. 1984;54(6):587-91. Epub 1984/09/01.79. Moya A, Garcia-Civera R, Croci F, Menozzi C, Brugada J, Ammirati F, et al. Diagnosis, management, and outcomes of patients with syncope and bundle branch block. European heart journal. 2011;32(12):1535-41. Epub 2011/03/30.80. Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes NA, 3rd, Freedman RA, Gettes LS, et al. 2012 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused update incorporated into the ACCF/AHA/HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2013;61(3):e6-75. Epub 2012/12/26.81. Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, Ahlsson A, Atar D, Casadei B, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. European heart journal. 2016;37(38):2893-962. Epub 2016/08/28.82. January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, Calkins H, Cigarroa JE, Cleveland JC, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2014;64(21):e1-e76.83. Orejarena LA, Vidaillet H, Jr., DeStefano F, Nordstrom DL, Vierkant RA, Smith PN, et al. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in the general population. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1998;31(1):150-7. Epub 1998/01/13.84. M G, F F-G, H R, FS Z. - Mobile Cardiac Health-care Monitoring and Notification with Real Time Tachycardia. J Med Signals Sens. 2017;7(4):193-202.85. HH N, GF VH, M R, T B, JN S. - SPEAR Trial: Smartphone Pediatric ElectrocARdiogram Trial. PLoS One. 2015;10(8):0136256.86. DJ F, L L, ES S. - A Smartphone Application to Diagnose the Mechanism of Pediatric Supraventricular. Pediatric cardiology. 2015;36(7):1452-7.

6

87. P W, L B, L W, G A. - Tachycardia detection using smartphone applications in pediatric patients. J Pediatr. 2014;164(5):1133-5.88. Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Scheinman MM, Aliot EM, Alpert JS, Calkins H, Camm AJ, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with supraventricular arrhythmias--executive summary. a report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on practice guidelines and the European society of cardiology committee for practice guidelines (writing committee to develop guidelines for the management of patients with supraventricular arrhythmias) developed in collaboration with NASPE-Heart Rhythm Society. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2003;42(8):1493-531. Epub 2003/10/18.89. Page RL, Joglar JA, Caldwell MA, Calkins H, Conti JB, Deal BJ, et al. 2015 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline for the Management of Adult Patients With Supraventricular Tachycardia: Executive Summary. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2016;67(13):1575-623.90. DG K, T Z, GD K, E G, V V, G P, et al. - Catheter ablation vs. antiarrhythmic drug therapy in patients with symptomatic. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2017;19(4):602-6.91. B B-P, A TdlC, M P, E A, F C, C P. - Isoprenaline as an aid to the induction of catecholamine dependent. British heart journal. 1989;61(4):348-55.92. M P, G C, JM S, C DC, B B-P. - Is isoproterenol really required during electrophysiological study in patients. Journal of electrocardiology. 2013;46(6):686-92.93. SL B, RC H, JB M, AM A, B O, L C, et al. - Usefulness of isoproterenol in facilitating atrioventricular nodal reentry. The American journal of cardiology. 1988;61(13):1037-41.94. EC H, WT L, NX N, EC K, RJ S. - Role of intravenous isoproterenol in the electrophysiologic induction of. The American journal of cardiology. 1989;64(18):1131-7.95. I T, T K, Y M, A N, K K, H I, et al. - Electrophysiological study of young patients with exercise related paroxysms of. British heart journal. 1989;61(3):268-73.96. D W, P D, R B, RC D, C W, KM R. - Effects of atropine on induction and maintenance of atrioventricular nodal. Circulation. 1979;59(4):779-88.97. M A, AN D, WP B, AR C, JN R, GM W, et al. - Induction of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia after atropine. Report. The American journal of cardiology. 1975;36(3):286-91.98. Cismaru G, Rosu R, Muresan L, Puiu M, Andronache M, Hengan E, et al. The value of adrenaline in the induction of supraventricular tachycardia in the electrophysiological laboratory. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2014;16(11):1634-8. Epub 2014/03/29.99. Pellegrini CN, Scheinman MM. Clinical management of ventricular tachycardia. Current problems in cardiology. 2010;35(9):453-504. Epub 2010/10/05.100. Alzand BS, Crijns HJ. Diagnostic criteria of broad QRS complex tachycardia: decades of evolution. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2011;13(4):465-72. Epub 2010/12/07.101. Benito B, Josephson ME. Ventricular tachycardia in coronary artery disease. Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed). 2012;65(10):939-55. Epub 2012/09/07.102. Swanick EJ, LaCamera F, Jr., Marriott HJ. Morphologic features of right ventricular ectopic beats. The American journal of cardiology. 1972;30(8):888-91. Epub 1972/12/01.

7

103. Vereckei A, Duray G, Szenasi G, Altemose GT, Miller JM. Application of a new algorithm in the differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardia. European heart journal. 2007;28(5):589-600. Epub 2007/02/03.104. Vereckei A, Duray G, Szenasi G, Altemose GT, Miller JM. New algorithm using only lead aVR for differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardia. Heart rhythm. 2008;5(1):89-98. Epub 2008/01/09.105. Sandler IA, Marriott HJ. THE DIFFERENTIAL MORPHOLOGY OF ANOMALOUS VENTRICULAR COMPLEXES OF RBBB-TYPE IN LEAD V; VENTRICULAR ECTOPY VERSUS ABERRATION. Circulation. 1965;31:551-6. Epub 1965/04/01.106. Wellens HJ, Bar FW, Lie KI. The value of the electrocardiogram in the differential diagnosis of a tachycardia with a widened QRS complex. The American journal of medicine. 1978;64(1):27-33. Epub 1978/01/01.107. Coumel P, Leclercq JF, Attuel P, Maisonblanche P. The QRS morphology in post-myocardial infarction ventricular tachycardia. A study of 100 tracings compared with 70 cases of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia. European heart journal. 1984;5(10):792-805. Epub 1984/10/01.108. Kindwall KE, Brown J, Josephson ME. Electrocardiographic criteria for ventricular tachycardia in wide complex left bundle branch block morphology tachycardias. The American journal of cardiology. 1988;61(15):1279-83. Epub 1988/06/01.109. Wellens HJ. Electrophysiology: Ventricular tachycardia: diagnosis of broad QRS complex tachycardia. Heart (British Cardiac Society). 2001;86(5):579-85. Epub 2001/10/17.110. Barold SS, Stroobandt RX, Herweg B. Limitations of the negative concordance pattern in the diagnosis of broad QRS tachycardia. Journal of electrocardiology. 2012;45(6):733-5. Epub 2012/07/31.111. Volders PG, Timmermans C, Rodriguez LM, van Pol PE, Wellens HJ. Wide QRS complex tachycardia with negative precordial concordance: always a ventricular origin? Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 2003;14(1):109-11. Epub 2003/03/11.112. Jastrzebski M, Moskal P, Kukla P, Fijorek K, Kisiel R, Czarnecka D. Specificity of wide QRS complex tachycardia criteria and algorithms in patients with ventricular preexcitation. Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc. 2017. Epub 2017/09/14.113. De Ponti R, Bagliani G, Padeletti L, Natale A. General Approach to a Wide QRS Complex. Cardiac electrophysiology clinics. 2017;9(3):461-85. Epub 2017/08/26.114. Jastrzebski M, Kukla P, Czarnecka D. Ventricular tachycardia score - A novel method for wide QRS complex tachycardia differentiation - Explained. Journal of electrocardiology. 2017;50(5):704-9. Epub 2017/05/17.115. Kaiser E, Darrieux FC, Barbosa SA, Grinberg R, Assis-Carmo A, Sousa JC, et al. Differential diagnosis of wide QRS tachycardias: comparison of two electrocardiographic algorithms. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2015;17(9):1422-7. Epub 2015/01/21.116. Jastrzebski M, Kukla P, Czarnecka D, Kawecka-Jaszcz K. Comparison of five electrocardiographic methods for differentiation of wide QRS-complex tachycardias. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2012;14(8):1165-71. Epub 2012/02/16.117. Hiss RG, Lamb LE. Electrocardiographic findings in 122,043 individuals. Circulation. 1962;25:947-61. Epub 1962/06/01.

8

118. Kennedy HL, Whitlock JA, Sprague MK, Kennedy LJ, Buckingham TA, Goldberg RJ. Long-term follow-up of asymptomatic healthy subjects with frequent and complex ventricular ectopy. The New England journal of medicine. 1985;312(4):193-7. Epub 1985/01/24.119. Mukharji J, Rude RE, Poole WK, Gustafson N, Thomas LJ, Jr., Strauss HW, et al. Risk factors for sudden death after acute myocardial infarction: two-year follow-up. The American journal of cardiology. 1984;54(1):31-6. Epub 1984/07/01.120. Bikkina M, Larson MG, Levy D. Prognostic implications of asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmias: the Framingham Heart Study. Annals of internal medicine. 1992;117(12):990-6. Epub 1992/12/15.121. Ruberman W, Weinblatt E, Goldberg JD, Frank CW, Chaudhary BS, Shapiro S. Ventricular premature complexes and sudden death after myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1981;64(2):297-305. Epub 1981/08/01.122. Denes P, Gillis AM, Pawitan Y, Kammerling JM, Wilhelmsen L, Salerno DM. Prevalence, characteristics and significance of ventricular premature complexes and ventricular tachycardia detected by 24-hour continuous electrocardiographic recording in the Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial. CAST Investigators. The American journal of cardiology. 1991;68(9):887-96. Epub 1991/10/01.123. Lee GK, Klarich KW, Grogan M, Cha YM. Premature ventricular contraction-induced cardiomyopathy: a treatable condition. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2012;5(1):229-36. Epub 2012/02/16.124. Sharma E, Arunachalam K, Di M, Chu A, Maan A. PVCs, PVC-Induced Cardiomyopathy, and the Role of Catheter Ablation. Critical pathways in cardiology. 2017;16(2):76-80. Epub 2017/05/17.125. Ban JE, Park HC, Park JS, Nagamoto Y, Choi JI, Lim HE, et al. Electrocardiographic and electrophysiological characteristics of premature ventricular complexes associated with left ventricular dysfunction in patients without structural heart disease. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2013;15(5):735-41. Epub 2012/12/01.126. Kostis JB, McCrone K, Moreyra AE, Gotzoyannis S, Aglitz NM, Natarajan N, et al. Premature ventricular complexes in the absence of identifiable heart disease. Circulation. 1981;63(6):1351-6. Epub 1981/06/01.127. Fleg JL, Kennedy HL. Long-term prognostic significance of ambulatory electrocardiographic findings in apparently healthy subjects greater than or equal to 60 years of age. The American journal of cardiology. 1992;70(7):748-51. Epub 1992/09/15.128. Montague TJ, McPherson DD, MacKenzie BR, Spencer CA, Nanton MA, Horacek BM. Frequent ventricular ectopic activity without underlying cardiac disease: analysis of 45 subjects. The American journal of cardiology. 1983;52(8):980-4. Epub 1983/11/01.129. Yang JC, Wesley RC, Jr., Froelicher VF. Ventricular tachycardia during routine treadmill testing. Risk and prognosis. Archives of internal medicine. 1991;151(2):349-53. Epub 1991/02/11.130. Fleg JL, Lakatta EG. Prevalence and prognosis of exercise-induced nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in apparently healthy volunteers. The American journal of cardiology. 1984;54(7):762-4. Epub 1984/10/01.131. AE B, KL L, JD F, ME J, EN P, G H. - A randomized study of the prevention of sudden death in patients with coronary. The New England journal of medicine. 1999;341(25):1882-90.132. Zecchin M, Di Lenarda A, Gregori D, Merlo M, Pivetta A, Vitrella G, et al. Are nonsustained ventricular tachycardias predictive of major arrhythmias in patients with dilated

9

cardiomyopathy on optimal medical treatment? Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 2008;31(3):290-9. Epub 2008/03/01.133. de Sousa MR, Morillo CA, Rabelo FT, Nogueira Filho AM, Ribeiro AL. Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia as a predictor of sudden cardiac death in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: a meta-analysis. Eur J Heart Fail. 2008;10(10):1007-14. Epub 2008/08/12.134. Buxton AE, Lee KL, DiCarlo L, Gold MR, Greer GS, Prystowsky EN, et al. Electrophysiologic testing to identify patients with coronary artery disease who are at risk for sudden death. Multicenter Unsustained Tachycardia Trial Investigators. The New England journal of medicine. 2000;342(26):1937-45. Epub 2000/06/30.135. Priori SG, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Mazzanti A, Blom N, Borggrefe M, Camm J, et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: The Task Force for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC). European heart journal. 2015;36(41):2793-867. Epub 2015/09/01.136. Ouyang F, Mathew S, Wu S, Kamioka M, Metzner A, Xue Y, et al. Ventricular arrhythmias arising from the left ventricular outflow tract below the aortic sinus cusps: mapping and catheter ablation via transseptal approach and electrocardiographic characteristics. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2014;7(3):445-55. Epub 2014/05/06.137. Yamada T, Litovsky SH, Kay GN. The left ventricular ostium: an anatomic concept relevant to idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2008;1(5):396-404. Epub 2009/10/08.138. Al-Khatib SM, Stevenson WG, Ackerman MJ, Gillis AM, Bryant WJ, Hlatky MA, et al. 2017 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. Heart rhythm. 2017. Epub 2017/11/04.139. Kanagaratnam L, Tomassoni G, Schweikert R, Pavia S, Bash D, Beheiry S, et al. Ventricular tachycardias arising from the aortic sinus of valsalva: an under-recognized variant of left outflow tract ventricular tachycardia. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2001;37(5):1408-14. Epub 2001/04/13.140. Ouyang F, Fotuhi P, Ho SY, Hebe J, Volkmer M, Goya M, et al. Repetitive monomorphic ventricular tachycardia originating from the aortic sinus cusp: electrocardiographic characterization for guiding catheter ablation. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2002;39(3):500-8. Epub 2002/02/02.141. Tada H, Nogami A, Naito S, Fukazawa H, Horie Y, Kubota S, et al. Left ventricular epicardial outflow tract tachycardia: a new distinct subgroup of outflow tract tachycardia. Japanese circulation journal. 2001;65(8):723-30. Epub 2001/08/15.142. Fragakis N, Karamitsos TD, Vassilikos V. Successful catheter ablation of an incessant ventricular tachycardia originating from the posterior papillary muscle in a structurally normal right ventricle. Hellenic journal of cardiology : HJC = Hellenike kardiologike epitheorese. 2016. Epub 2016/09/19.143. Pedersen CT, Kay GN, Kalman J, Borggrefe M, Della-Bella P, Dickfeld T, et al. EHRA/HRS/APHRS expert consensus on ventricular arrhythmias. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac

10

pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2014;16(9):1257-83. Epub 2014/08/31.144. Halkin A, Roth A, Lurie I, Fish R, Belhassen B, Viskin S. Pause-dependent torsade de pointes following acute myocardial infarction: a variant of the acquired long QT syndrome. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2001;38(4):1168-74. Epub 2001/10/05.145. Pappone C, Vicedomini G, Manguso F, Saviano M, Baldi M, Pappone A, et al. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in the era of catheter ablation: insights from a registry study of 2169 patients. Circulation. 2014;130(10):811-9. Epub 2014/07/24.146. Timmermans C, Smeets JL, Rodriguez LM, Vrouchos G, van den Dool A, Wellens HJ. Aborted sudden death in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. The American journal of cardiology. 1995;76(7):492-4. Epub 1995/09/01.147. Klein GJ, Bashore TM, Sellers TD, Pritchett EL, Smith WM, Gallagher JJ. Ventricular fibrillation in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. The New England journal of medicine. 1979;301(20):1080-5. Epub 1979/11/15.148. Bromberg BI, Lindsay BD, Cain ME, Cox JL. Impact of clinical history and electrophysiologic characterization of accessory pathways on management strategies to reduce sudden death among children with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1996;27(3):690-5. Epub 1996/03/01.149. Santinelli V, Radinovic A, Manguso F, Vicedomini G, Gulletta S, Paglino G, et al. The natural history of asymptomatic ventricular pre-excitation a long-term prospective follow-up study of 184 asymptomatic children. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2009;53(3):275-80. Epub 2009/01/17.150. Cohen MI, Triedman JK, Cannon BC, Davis AM, Drago F, Janousek J, et al. PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), the American Heart Association (AHA), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS). Heart rhythm. 2012;9(6):1006-24. Epub 2012/05/15.151. Goldenberg I, Zareba W, Moss AJ. Long QT Syndrome. Current problems in cardiology. 2008;33(11):629-94. Epub 2008/10/07.152. Priori SG, Wilde AA, Horie M, Cho Y, Behr ER, Berul C, et al. HRS/EHRA/APHRS expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of patients with inherited primary arrhythmia syndromes: document endorsed by HRS, EHRA, and APHRS in May 2013 and by ACCF, AHA, PACES, and AEPC in June 2013. Heart rhythm. 2013;10(12):1932-63. Epub 2013/09/10.153. Priori SG, Schwartz PJ, Napolitano C, Bloise R, Ronchetti E, Grillo M, et al. Risk stratification in the long-QT syndrome. The New England journal of medicine. 2003;348(19):1866-74. Epub 2003/05/09.154. Goldenberg I, Moss AJ, Peterson DR, McNitt S, Zareba W, Andrews ML, et al. Risk factors for aborted cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death in children with the congenital long-QT syndrome. Circulation. 2008;117(17):2184-91. Epub 2008/04/23.155. Vijayakumar R, Silva JN, Desouza KA, Abraham RL, Strom M, Sacher F, et al. Electrophysiologic substrate in congenital Long QT syndrome: noninvasive mapping with electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI). Circulation. 2014;130(22):1936-43. Epub 2014/10/09.156. Bhandari AK, Shapiro WA, Morady F, Shen EN, Mason J, Scheinman MM. Electrophysiologic testing in patients with the long QT syndrome. Circulation. 1985;71(1):63-71. Epub 1985/01/01.

11

157. Gollob MH, Redpath CJ, Roberts JD. The short QT syndrome: proposed diagnostic criteria. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2011;57(7):802-12. Epub 2011/02/12.158. Mazzanti A, Kanthan A, Monteforte N, Memmi M, Bloise R, Novelli V, et al. Novel insight into the natural history of short QT syndrome. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2014;63(13):1300-8. Epub 2013/12/03.159. Giustetto C, Schimpf R, Mazzanti A, Scrocco C, Maury P, Anttonen O, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with short QT syndrome. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2011;58(6):587-95. Epub 2011/07/30.160. Bayes de Luna A, Brugada J, Baranchuk A, Borggrefe M, Breithardt G, Goldwasser D, et al. Current electrocardiographic criteria for diagnosis of Brugada pattern: a consensus report. Journal of electrocardiology. 2012;45(5):433-42. Epub 2012/08/28.161. Fauchier L, Isorni MA, Clementy N, Pierre B, Simeon E, Babuty D. Prognostic value of programmed ventricular stimulation in Brugada syndrome according to clinical presentation: an updated meta-analysis of worldwide published data. International journal of cardiology. 2013;168(3):3027-9. Epub 2013/05/07.162. Aizawa Y. Brugada Syndrome:Risk Stratification And Management. Journal of atrial fibrillation. 2016;9(3):1507. Epub 2017/05/13.163. Giustetto C, Drago S, Demarchi PG, Dalmasso P, Bianchi F, Masi AS, et al. Risk stratification of the patients with Brugada type electrocardiogram: a community-based prospective study. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2009;11(4):507-13. Epub 2009/02/06.164. Delise P, Allocca G, Marras E, Giustetto C, Gaita F, Sciarra L, et al. Risk stratification in individuals with the Brugada type 1 ECG pattern without previous cardiac arrest: usefulness of a combined clinical and electrophysiologic approach. European heart journal. 2011;32(2):169-76. Epub 2010/10/28.165. Brugada P, Brugada R, Mont L, Rivero M, Geelen P, Brugada J. Natural history of Brugada syndrome: the prognostic value of programmed electrical stimulation of the heart. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 2003;14(5):455-7. Epub 2003/06/05.166. Brugada J, Brugada R, Brugada P. Determinants of sudden cardiac death in individuals with the electrocardiographic pattern of Brugada syndrome and no previous cardiac arrest. Circulation. 2003;108(25):3092-6. Epub 2003/11/19.167. Brugada J, Brugada R, Antzelevitch C, Towbin J, Nademanee K, Brugada P. Long-term follow-up of individuals with the electrocardiographic pattern of right bundle-branch block and ST-segment elevation in precordial leads V1 to V3. Circulation. 2002;105(1):73-8. Epub 2002/01/05.168. Eckardt L, Probst V, Smits JP, Bahr ES, Wolpert C, Schimpf R, et al. Long-term prognosis of individuals with right precordial ST-segment-elevation Brugada syndrome. Circulation. 2005;111(3):257-63. Epub 2005/01/12.169. Probst V, Veltmann C, Eckardt L, Meregalli PG, Gaita F, Tan HL, et al. Long-term prognosis of patients diagnosed with Brugada syndrome: Results from the FINGER Brugada Syndrome Registry. Circulation. 2010;121(5):635-43. Epub 2010/01/27.170. Priori SG, Gasparini M, Napolitano C, Della Bella P, Ottonelli AG, Sassone B, et al. Risk stratification in Brugada syndrome: results of the PRELUDE (PRogrammed ELectrical stimUlation preDictive valuE) registry. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2012;59(1):37-45. Epub 2011/12/24.

12

171. Belhassen B, Michowitz Y. Arrhythmic risk stratification by programmed ventricular stimulation in Brugada syndrome: the end of the debate? Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2015;8(4):757-9. Epub 2015/08/20.172. Sieira J, Conte G, Ciconte G, de Asmundis C, Chierchia GB, Baltogiannis G, et al. Prognostic value of programmed electrical stimulation in Brugada syndrome: 20 years experience. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2015;8(4):777-84. Epub 2015/04/24.173. Adler A, Rosso R, Chorin E, Havakuk O, Antzelevitch C, Viskin S. Risk stratification in Brugada syndrome: Clinical characteristics, electrocardiographic parameters, and auxiliary testing. Heart rhythm. 2016;13(1):299-310. Epub 2015/09/06.174. Belhassen B, Glick A, Viskin S. Efficacy of quinidine in high-risk patients with Brugada syndrome. Circulation. 2004;110(13):1731-7. Epub 2004/09/24.175. Leite LR, Ponzi Pereira KR, Alessi SR, de Paola AA. Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. An important diagnosis in children with syncope and normal heart. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia. 2001;76(1):63-74. Epub 2001/02/15.176. Brunetti ND, Pellegrino PL, D'Arienzo G, Sai R, Ziccardi L, Santoro F, et al. Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia associated with sinus node dysfunction and junctional rhythm: Case report and literature review. Journal of electrocardiology. 2016;49(6):940-3. Epub 2016/08/20.177. Fisher JD, Krikler D, Hallidie-Smith KA. Familial polymorphic ventricular arrhythmias: a quarter century of successful medical treatment based on serial exercise-pharmacologic testing. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1999;34(7):2015-22. Epub 1999/12/10.178. Kaneshiro T, Naruse Y, Nogami A, Tada H, Yoshida K, Sekiguchi Y, et al. Successful catheter ablation of bidirectional ventricular premature contractions triggering ventricular fibrillation in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia with RyR2 mutation. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2012;5(1):e14-7. Epub 2012/02/16.179. Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes NA, 3rd, Freedman RA, Gettes LS, et al. ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices) developed in collaboration with the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2008;51(21):e1-62. Epub 2008/05/24.180. Haissaguerre M, Derval N, Sacher F, Jesel L, Deisenhofer I, de Roy L, et al. Sudden cardiac arrest associated with early repolarization. The New England journal of medicine. 2008;358(19):2016-23. Epub 2008/05/09.181. Rosso R, Kogan E, Belhassen B, Rozovski U, Scheinman MM, Zeltser D, et al. J-point elevation in survivors of primary ventricular fibrillation and matched control subjects: incidence and clinical significance. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2008;52(15):1231-8. Epub 2008/10/18.182. Mahida S, Derval N, Sacher F, Leenhardt A, Deisenhofer I, Babuty D, et al. Role of electrophysiological studies in predicting risk of ventricular arrhythmia in early repolarization syndrome. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2015;65(2):151-9. Epub 2015/01/17.183. Shen WK, Sheldon RS, Benditt DG, Cohen MI, Forman DE, Goldberger ZD, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Syncope: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American

13

Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Heart rhythm. 2017. Epub 2017/03/14.184. Elliott PM, Anastasakis A, Borger MA, Borggrefe M, Cecchi F, Charron P, et al. 2014 ESC Guidelines on diagnosis and management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European heart journal. 2014;35(39):2733-79. Epub 2014/09/01.185. Comments on the 2014 ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A critical view from the perspective of Spanish cardiology. Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed). 2015;68(1):4-9. Epub 2015/01/03.186. Williams L, Frenneaux M. Syncope in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: mechanisms and consequences for treatment. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2007;9(9):817-22. Epub 2007/05/25.187. Gatzoulis KA, Georgopoulos S, Antoniou CK, Anastasakis A, Dilaveris P, Arsenos P, et al. Programmed ventricular stimulation predicts arrhythmic events and survival in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. International journal of cardiology. 2018;254:175-81. Epub 2018/02/07.188. Fananapazir L, Tracy CM, Leon MB, Winkler JB, Cannon RO, 3rd, Bonow RO, et al. Electrophysiologic abnormalities in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A consecutive analysis in 155 patients. Circulation. 1989;80(5):1259-68. Epub 1989/11/01.189. Inada K, Seiler J, Roberts-Thomson KC, Steven D, Rosman J, John RM, et al. Substrate characterization and catheter ablation for monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 2011;22(1):41-8. Epub 2010/09/03.190. Lim KK, Maron BJ, Knight BP. Successful catheter ablation of hemodynamically unstable monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and apical aneurysm. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 2009;20(4):445-7. Epub 2008/12/05.191. Iacoviello M, Forleo C, Guida P, Romito R, Sorgente A, Sorrentino S, et al. Ventricular repolarization dynamicity provides independent prognostic information toward major arrhythmic events in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2007;50(3):225-31. Epub 2007/07/17.192. Wu AH, Das SK. Sudden death in dilated cardiomyopathy. Clinical cardiology. 1999;22(4):267-72. Epub 1999/04/13.193. Goldberger JJ, Subacius H, Patel T, Cunnane R, Kadish AH. Sudden cardiac death risk stratification in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2014;63(18):1879-89. Epub 2014/01/22.194. Gatzoulis KA, Vouliotis AI, Tsiachris D, Salourou M, Archontakis S, Dilaveris P, et al. Primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in a nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy population: reappraisal of the role of programmed ventricular stimulation. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2013;6(3):504-12. Epub 2013/04/17.195. Muser D, Santangeli P, Castro SA, Pathak RK, Liang JJ, Hayashi T, et al. Long-Term Outcome After Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients With Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2016;9(10). Epub 2016/10/14.

14

196. Della Bella P, Trevisi N. Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Difficult Field Where We Should Focus Our Efforts. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2016;9(10). Epub 2016/10/14.197. Saguner AM, Medeiros-Domingo A, Schwyzer MA, On CJ, Haegeli LM, Wolber T, et al. Usefulness of inducible ventricular tachycardia to predict long-term adverse outcomes in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. The American journal of cardiology. 2013;111(2):250-7. Epub 2012/10/30.198. Bhonsale A, James CA, Tichnell C, Murray B, Gagarin D, Philips B, et al. Incidence and predictors of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy undergoing implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation for primary prevention. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2011;58(14):1485-96. Epub 2011/09/24.199. Pezawas T, Stix G, Kastner J, Schneider B, Wolzt M, Schmidinger H. Ventricular tachycardia in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy: clinical presentation, risk stratification and results of long-term follow-up. International journal of cardiology. 2006;107(3):360-8. Epub 2006/03/01.200. Thiene G. The research venture in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: a paradigm of translational medicine. European heart journal. 2015;36(14):837-46. Epub 2015/02/01.201. Corrado D, Basso C, Leoni L, Tokajuk B, Bauce B, Frigo G, et al. Three-dimensional electroanatomic voltage mapping increases accuracy of diagnosing arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia. Circulation. 2005;111(23):3042-50. Epub 2005/06/09.202. Steffel J, Kobza R, Namdar M, Wolber T, Brunckhorst C, Luscher TF, et al. Electrophysiological findings in patients with isolated left ventricular non-compaction. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2009;11(9):1193-200. Epub 2009/07/11.203. Kobza R, Jenni R, Erne P, Oechslin E, Duru F. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in patients with left ventricular noncompaction. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 2008;31(4):461-7. Epub 2008/04/01.204. Flanigan KM. Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies. Neurologic clinics. 2014;32(3):671-88, viii. Epub 2014/07/20.205. Takenaka A, Yokota M, Iwase M, Miyaguchi K, Hayashi H, Saito H. Discrepancy between systolic and diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. European heart journal. 1993;14(5):669-76. Epub 1993/05/01.206. Giglio V, Pasceri V, Messano L, Mangiola F, Pasquini L, Dello Russo A, et al. Ultrasound tissue characterization detects preclinical myocardial structural changes in children affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2003;42(2):309-16. Epub 2003/07/24.207. Cardiovascular health supervision for individuals affected by Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy. Pediatrics. 2005;116(6):1569-73. Epub 2005/12/03.208. Corrado G, Lissoni A, Beretta S, Terenghi L, Tadeo G, Foglia-Manzillo G, et al. Prognostic value of electrocardiograms, ventricular late potentials, ventricular arrhythmias, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The American journal of cardiology. 2002;89(7):838-41. Epub 2002/03/23.209. Thrush PT, Allen HD, Viollet L, Mendell JR. Re-examination of the electrocardiogram in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and correlation with its dilated cardiomyopathy. The American journal of cardiology. 2009;103(2):262-5. Epub 2009/01/06.

15

210. Chenard AA, Becane HM, Tertrain F, de Kermadec JM, Weiss YA. Ventricular arrhythmia in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: prevalence, significance and prognosis. Neuromuscular disorders : NMD. 1993;3(3):201-6. Epub 1993/05/01.211. Nigro G, Comi LI, Politano L, Bain RJ. The incidence and evolution of cardiomyopathy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. International journal of cardiology. 1990;26(3):271-7. Epub 1990/03/01.212. Cox GF, Kunkel LM. Dystrophies and heart disease. Current opinion in cardiology. 1997;12(3):329-43. Epub 1997/05/01.213. de Die-Smulders CE, Howeler CJ, Thijs C, Mirandolle JF, Anten HB, Smeets HJ, et al. Age and causes of death in adult-onset myotonic dystrophy. Brain : a journal of neurology. 1998;121 ( Pt 8):1557-63. Epub 1998/08/26.214. Mathieu J, Allard P, Potvin L, Prevost C, Begin P. A 10-year study of mortality in a cohort of patients with myotonic dystrophy. Neurology. 1999;52(8):1658-62. Epub 1999/05/20.215. Simeon E, Patier-Dussauge A, Bernard-Brunet A, Clementy N, Gouraud JB, Guyomarch B, et al. Insufficiency of electrocardiogram alone in predicting infrahisian abnormalities in patients with type 1 myotonic dystrophy. International journal of cardiology. 2014;172(3):625-7. Epub 2014/02/25.216. Laurent V, Pellieux S, Corcia P, Magro P, Pierre B, Fauchier L, et al. Mortality in myotonic dystrophy patients in the area of prophylactic pacing devices. International journal of cardiology. 2011;150(1):54-8. Epub 2010/03/17.217. Groh WJ, Groh MR, Saha C, Kincaid JC, Simmons Z, Ciafaloni E, et al. Electrocardiographic abnormalities and sudden death in myotonic dystrophy type 1. The New England journal of medicine. 2008;358(25):2688-97. Epub 2008/06/21.218. Wahbi K, Meune C, Porcher R, Becane HM, Lazarus A, Laforet P, et al. Electrophysiological study with prophylactic pacing and survival in adults with myotonic dystrophy and conduction system disease. Jama. 2012;307(12):1292-301. Epub 2012/03/29.219. Wilber DJ, Garan H, Finkelstein D, Kelly E, Newell J, McGovern B, et al. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Use of electrophysiologic testing in the prediction of long-term outcome. The New England journal of medicine. 1988;318(1):19-24. Epub 1988/01/07.220. Ruskin JN, DiMarco JP, Garan H. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: electrophysiologic observations and selection of long-term antiarrhythmic therapy. The New England journal of medicine. 1980;303(11):607-13. Epub 1980/09/11.221. Mehta RH, Starr AZ, Lopes RD, Hochman JS, Widimsky P, Pieper KS, et al. Incidence of and outcomes associated with ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Jama. 2009;301(17):1779-89. Epub 2009/05/07.222. Mehta RH, Yu J, Piccini JP, Tcheng JE, Farkouh ME, Reiffel J, et al. Prognostic significance of postprocedural sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (from the HORIZONS-AMI Trial). The American journal of cardiology. 2012;109(6):805-12. Epub 2011/12/27.223. Hsieh CH, Chia EM, Huang K, Lu J, Barry M, Pouliopoulos J, et al. Primary radiofrequency ablation of ventricular tachycardia early after myocardial infarction: evaluation in an ovine model. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2013;6(6):1215-21. Epub 2013/10/22.224. Hohnloser SH, Kuck KH, Dorian P, Roberts RS, Hampton JR, Hatala R, et al. Prophylactic use of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator after acute myocardial infarction. The New England journal of medicine. 2004;351(24):2481-8. Epub 2004/12/14.

16

225. Raviele A, Bongiorni MG, Brignole M, Cappato R, Capucci A, Gaita F, et al. Early EPS/ICD strategy in survivors of acute myocardial infarction with severe left ventricular dysfunction on optimal beta-blocker treatment. The BEta-blocker STrategy plus ICD trial. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2005;7(4):327-37. Epub 2005/07/21.226. Steinbeck G, Andresen D, Seidl K, Brachmann J, Hoffmann E, Wojciechowski D, et al. Defibrillator implantation early after myocardial infarction. The New England journal of medicine. 2009;361(15):1427-36. Epub 2009/10/09.227. Kumar S, Sivagangabalan G, Zaman S, West EB, Narayan A, Thiagalingam A, et al. Electrophysiology-guided defibrillator implantation early after ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Heart rhythm. 2010;7(11):1589-97. Epub 2010/07/24.228. Zaman S, Sivagangabalan G, Narayan A, Thiagalingam A, Ross DL, Kovoor P. Outcomes of early risk stratification and targeted implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation after ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation. 2009;120(3):194-200. Epub 2009/07/08.229. Zaman S, Narayan A, Thiagalingam A, Sivagangabalan G, Thomas S, Ross DL, et al. Long-term arrhythmia-free survival in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction and no inducible ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2014;129(8):848-54. Epub 2014/01/02.230. Zaman S, Kovoor P. Sudden cardiac death early after myocardial infarction: pathogenesis, risk stratification, and primary prevention. Circulation. 2014;129(23):2426-35. Epub 2014/06/11.231. Gatzoulis KA, Archontakis S, Dilaveris P, Tsiachris D, Arsenos P, Sideris S, et al. Ventricular arrhythmias: from the electrophysiology laboratory to clinical practice. Part I: malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Hellenic journal of cardiology : HJC = Hellenike kardiologike epitheorese. 2011;52(6):525-35. Epub 2011/12/07.232. Gatzoulis KA, Archontakis S, Dilaveris P, Tsiachris D, Arsenos P, Sideris S, et al. Ventricular arrhythmias: from the electrophysiology laboratory to clinical practice. Part II: potentially malignant and benign ventricular arrhythmias. Hellenic journal of cardiology : HJC = Hellenike kardiologike epitheorese. 2012;53(3):217-33. Epub 2012/06/02.233. Costantini O, Hohnloser SH, Kirk MM, Lerman BB, Baker JH, 2nd, Sethuraman B, et al. The ABCD (Alternans Before Cardioverter Defibrillator) Trial: strategies using T-wave alternans to improve efficiency of sudden cardiac death prevention. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2009;53(6):471-9. Epub 2009/02/07.234. Bloch Thomsen PE, Jons C, Raatikainen MJ, Moerch Joergensen R, Hartikainen J, Virtanen V, et al. Long-term recording of cardiac arrhythmias with an implantable cardiac monitor in patients with reduced ejection fraction after acute myocardial infarction: the Cardiac Arrhythmias and Risk Stratification After Acute Myocardial Infarction (CARISMA) study. Circulation. 2010;122(13):1258-64. Epub 2010/09/15.235. Bourke JP, Richards DA, Ross DL, Wallace EM, McGuire MA, Uther JB. Routine programmed electrical stimulation in survivors of acute myocardial infarction for prediction of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmias during follow-up: results, optimal stimulation protocol and cost-effective screening. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1991;18(3):780-8. Epub 1991/09/01.236. Denniss AR, Richards DA, Cody DV, Russell PA, Young AA, Cooper MJ, et al. Prognostic significance of ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation induced at programmed stimulation and delayed potentials detected on the signal-averaged electrocardiograms of survivors of acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1986;74(4):731-45. Epub 1986/10/01.

17

237. Moss AJ, Hall WJ, Cannom DS, Daubert JP, Higgins SL, Klein H, et al. Improved survival with an implanted defibrillator in patients with coronary disease at high risk for ventricular arrhythmia. Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial Investigators. The New England journal of medicine. 1996;335(26):1933-40. Epub 1996/12/26.238. Richards DA, Byth K, Ross DL, Uther JB. What is the best predictor of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia and sudden death after myocardial infarction? Circulation. 1991;83(3):756-63. Epub 1991/03/01.239. Richards DA, Cody DV, Denniss AR, Russell PA, Young AA, Uther JB. A new protocol of programmed stimulation for assessment of predisposition to spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias. European heart journal. 1983;4(6):376-82. Epub 1983/06/01.240. Schmitt C, Barthel P, Ndrepepa G, Schreieck J, Plewan A, Schomig A, et al. Value of programmed ventricular stimulation for prophylactic internal cardioverter-defibrillator implantation in postinfarction patients preselected by noninvasive risk stratifiers. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2001;37(7):1901-7. Epub 2001/06/13.241. Zaman S, Taylor AJ, Stiles M, Chow C, Kovoor P. Programmed Ventricular Stimulation to Risk Stratify for Early Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implantation to Prevent Tachyarrhythmias following Acute Myocardial Infarction (PROTECT-ICD): Trial Protocol, Background and Significance. Heart, lung & circulation. 2016;25(11):1055-62. Epub 2016/08/16.242. Moss AJ, Zareba W, Hall WJ, Klein H, Wilber DJ, Cannom DS, et al. Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction. The New England journal of medicine. 2002;346(12):877-83. Epub 2002/03/22.243. Buxton AE, Lee KL, Hafley GE, Pires LA, Fisher JD, Gold MR, et al. Limitations of ejection fraction for prediction of sudden death risk in patients with coronary artery disease: lessons from the MUSTT study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2007;50(12):1150-7. Epub 2007/09/18.244. Mukaddirov M, Demaria RG, Perrault LP, Frapier JM, Albat B. Reconstructive surgery of postinfarction left ventricular aneurysms: techniques and unsolved problems. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. 2008;34(2):256-61. Epub 2008/05/16.245. Sartipy U, Albage A, Insulander P, Lindblom D. Surgery for ventricular tachycardia in patients undergoing surgical ventricular restoration: the Karolinska approach. Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing. 2007;19(3):171-8. Epub 2007/09/11.246. Moran JM, Kehoe RF, Loeb JM, Lichtenthal PR, Sanders JH, Jr., Michaelis LL. Extended endocardial resection for the treatment of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 1982;34(5):538-52. Epub 1982/11/01.247. O'Neill JO, Starling RC, Khaykin Y, McCarthy PM, Young JB, Hail M, et al. Residual high incidence of ventricular arrhythmias after left ventricular reconstructive surgery. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 2005;130(5):1250-6. Epub 2005/11/01.248. Rastegar H, Link MS, Foote CB, Wang PJ, Manolis AS, Estes NA, 3rd. Perioperative and long-term results with mapping-guided subendocardial resection and left ventricular endoaneurysmorrhaphy. Circulation. 1996;94(5):1041-8. Epub 1996/09/01.249. Page PL, Cardinal R, Shenasa M, Kaltenbrunner W, Cossette R, Nadeau R. Surgical treatment of ventricular tachycardia. Regional cryoablation guided by computerized epicardial and endocardial mapping. Circulation. 1989;80(3 Pt 1):I124-34. Epub 1989/09/01.250. Zaman S, Narayan A, Thiagalingam A, Sivagangabalan G, Thomas S, Ross DL, et al. Significance of repeat programmed ventricular stimulation at electrophysiology study for

18

arrhythmia prediction after acute myocardial infarction. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 2014;37(7):795-802. Epub 2014/03/29.251. Gatzoulis KA, Tsiachris D, Arsenos P, Archontakis S, Dilaveris P, Vouliotis A, et al. Prognostic value of programmed ventricular stimulation for sudden death in selected high risk patients with structural heart disease and preserved systolic function. International journal of cardiology. 2014;176(3):1449-51. Epub 2014/08/26.252. Bharati S, Lev M, Denes P, Modlinger J, Wyndham C, Bauernfeind R, et al. Infiltrative cardiomyopathy with conduction disease and ventricular arrhythmia: electrophysiologic and pathologic correlations. The American journal of cardiology. 1980;45(1):163-73. Epub 1980/01/01.253. Barraine R, Poupet JY, Valois M, Becq-Giraudon B, Rousseau G, Sudre Y. [Electrophysiological study of a Portuguese case of amyloidosis with conduction disorders]. Archives des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux. 1978;71(1):112-9. Epub 1978/01/01. Etude electrophysiologique d'un cas d'amyloidose portugaise avec troubles de la conduction.254. Bergfeldt BL, Olofsson BO, Edhag KO. Electrophysiologic evaluation of the cardiac conduction system and its autonomic regulation in familial amyloid polyneuropathy. The American journal of cardiology. 1985;56(10):647-52. Epub 1985/10/01.255. Reisinger J, Dubrey SW, Lavalley M, Skinner M, Falk RH. Electrophysiologic abnormalities in AL (primary) amyloidosis with cardiac involvement. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1997;30(4):1046-51. Epub 1997/10/08.256. Mehta D, Mori N, Goldbarg SH, Lubitz S, Wisnivesky JP, Teirstein A. Primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in silent cardiac sarcoidosis: role of programmed ventricular stimulation. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2011;4(1):43-8. Epub 2011/01/05.257. Willner JM, Viles-Gonzalez JF, Coffey JO, Morgenthau AS, Mehta D. Catheter ablation of atrial arrhythmias in cardiac sarcoidosis. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 2014;25(9):958-63. Epub 2014/04/05.258. Kumar S, Barbhaiya C, Nagashima K, Choi EK, Epstein LM, John RM, et al. Ventricular tachycardia in cardiac sarcoidosis: characterization of ventricular substrate and outcomes of catheter ablation. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2015;8(1):87-93. Epub 2014/12/21.259. Papageorgiou N, Providencia R, Bronis K, Dechering DG, Srinivasan N, Eckardt L, et al. Catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis: a systematic review. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2017. Epub 2017/04/27.260. Sakamoto K, Nozoe M, Tsutsui Y, Suematsu N, Kubota T, Okabe M, et al. Successful bipolar ablation for ventricular tachycardia with potential substrate identification by pre-procedural cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. International medical case reports journal. 2017;10:167-71. Epub 2017/05/27.261. Kawakami H, Nakajima I, Wada M, Satomi K, Kusano K. Endocardial and epicardial focal activation pattern due to microreentry ventricular tachycardia in a patient with cardiac sarcoidosis. Clinical case reports. 2017;5(6):829-32. Epub 2017/06/08.262. Yalagudri S, Zin Thu N, Devidutta S, Saggu D, Thachil A, Chennapragada S, et al. Tailored approach for management of ventricular tachycardia in cardiac sarcoidosis. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 2017;28(8):893-902. Epub 2017/04/22.263. Muser D, Santangeli P, Pathak RK, Castro SA, Liang JJ, Magnani S, et al. Long-Term Outcomes of Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients With Cardiac Sarcoidosis. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2016;9(8). Epub 2016/08/16.

19

264. Thangam M, Nathan S, Kar B, Petrovic M, Patel M, Loyalka P, et al. Primary Cardiac Sarcoidosis with Syncope and Refractory Atrial Arrhythmia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Texas Heart Institute journal. 2016;43(3):236-40. Epub 2016/06/16.265. Houston BA, Park C, Mukherjee M. A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to Arrhythmias in Cardiac Sarcoidosis. Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine. 2016;18(3):16. Epub 2016/02/16.266. Wijnmaalen AP, Zeppenfeld K. Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Congenital and Infiltrative Heart Disease. Cardiac electrophysiology clinics. 2017;9(1):107-17. Epub 2017/02/09.267. Miyamoto K, Noda T, Satomi K, Wada M, Nakajima I, Ishibashi K, et al. Larger low voltage zone in endocardial unipolar map compared with that in epicardial bipolar map indicates difficulty in eliminating ventricular tachycardia by catheter ablation. Heart and vessels. 2016;31(8):1337-46. Epub 2015/08/13.268. Ma W, Song X, Wang X, Zhong W, Deng Y, Yang P. Catheter Ablation Resolves Ventricular Arrhythmias in a Patient with Sarcoidosis. International journal of cardiology. 2015;201:425-8. Epub 2015/08/28.269. Naik AM, Patel SB. Ventricular Tachycardia Storm in Cardiac Sarcoidosis: A 76-Day-ICU-Nightmare. Indian pacing and electrophysiology journal. 2012;12(6):278-83. Epub 2012/12/13.270. Dechering DG, Kochhauser S, Wasmer K, Zellerhoff S, Pott C, Kobe J, et al. Electrophysiological characteristics of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in cardiac sarcoidosis versus arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Heart rhythm. 2013;10(2):158-64. Epub 2012/10/17.271. Koyak Z, Harris L, de Groot JR, Silversides CK, Oechslin EN, Bouma BJ, et al. Sudden cardiac death in adult congenital heart disease. Circulation. 2012;126(16):1944-54. Epub 2012/09/20.272. Zipes DP, Camm AJ, Borggrefe M, Buxton AE, Chaitman B, Fromer M, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death). Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2006;48(5):e247-346. Epub 2006/09/05.273. Oechslin EN, Harrison DA, Connelly MS, Webb GD, Siu SC. Mode of death in adults with congenital heart disease. The American journal of cardiology. 2000;86(10):1111-6. Epub 2000/11/14.274. Chubb H, Rosenthal E. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in congenital heart disease. Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie. 2016;27(2):95-103. Epub 2016/06/03. Implantierbare Kardioverter-Defibrillatoren bei angeborenem Herzfehler.275. Khairy P, Van Hare GF, Balaji S, Berul CI, Cecchin F, Cohen MI, et al. PACES/HRS Expert Consensus Statement on the Recognition and Management of Arrhythmias in Adult Congenital Heart Disease: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the American Heart Association (AHA), the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS), and the International Society for Adult Congenital Heart Disease (ISACHD). Heart rhythm. 2014;11(10):e102-65. Epub 2014/05/13.

20

276. Bouchardy J, Therrien J, Pilote L, Ionescu-Ittu R, Martucci G, Bottega N, et al. Atrial arrhythmias in adults with congenital heart disease. Circulation. 2009;120(17):1679-86. Epub 2009/10/14.277. Khairy P, Landzberg MJ, Gatzoulis MA, Lucron H, Lambert J, Marcon F, et al. Value of programmed ventricular stimulation after tetralogy of fallot repair: a multicenter study. Circulation. 2004;109(16):1994-2000. Epub 2004/03/31.278. Khairy P. Programmed ventricular stimulation for risk stratification in patients with tetralogy of Fallot: a Bayesian perspective. Nature clinical practice Cardiovascular medicine. 2007;4(6):292-3. Epub 2007/05/25.279. Khairy P, Harris L, Landzberg MJ, Fernandes SM, Barlow A, Mercier LA, et al. Sudden death and defibrillators in transposition of the great arteries with intra-atrial baffles: a multicenter study. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2008;1(4):250-7. Epub 2009/10/08.280. Houck CA, Evertz R, Teuwen CP, Roos-Hesselink JW, Duijnhouwer T, Bogers A, et al. Time course and interrelationship of dysrhythmias in patients with a surgically repaired atrial septal defect. Heart rhythm. 2017. Epub 2017/10/19.281. Gonzalez-Melchor L, Nava S, Iturralde P, Marquez MF. The relevance of looking for right bundle branch block in catheter ablation of Ebstein's anomaly. Journal of electrocardiology. 2017. Epub 2017/07/02.282. Ridley DP, Gula LJ, Krahn AD, Skanes AC, Yee R, Brown ML, et al. Atrial response to ventricular antitachycardia pacing discriminates mechanism of 1:1 atrioventricular tachycardia. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 2005;16(6):601-5. Epub 2005/06/11.283. Baumgartner H, Bonhoeffer P, De Groot NM, de Haan F, Deanfield JE, Galie N, et al. ESC Guidelines for the management of grown-up congenital heart disease (new version 2010). European heart journal. 2010;31(23):2915-57. Epub 2010/08/31.284. Khairy P, Fernandes SM, Mayer JE, Jr., Triedman JK, Walsh EP, Lock JE, et al. Long-term survival, modes of death, and predictors of mortality in patients with Fontan surgery. Circulation. 2008;117(1):85-92. Epub 2007/12/12.285. Alexander ME, Walsh EP, Saul JP, Epstein MR, Triedman JK. Value of programmed ventricular stimulation in patients with congenital heart disease. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 1999;10(8):1033-44. Epub 1999/08/31.286. Khairy P, Harris L, Landzberg MJ, Viswanathan S, Barlow A, Gatzoulis MA, et al. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in tetralogy of Fallot. Circulation. 2008;117(3):363-70. Epub 2008/01/04.287. Zartner PA, Toussaint-Goetz N, Photiadis J, Wiebe W, Schneider MB. Telemonitoring with implantable electronic devices in young patients with congenital heart diseases. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2012;14(7):1030-7. Epub 2012/02/07.288. Arenal A, Ortiz M, Peinado R, Merino JL, Quesada A, Atienza F, et al. Differentiation of ventricular and supraventricular tachycardias based on the analysis of the first postpacing interval after sequential anti-tachycardia pacing in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients. Heart rhythm. 2007;4(3):316-22. Epub 2007/03/08.289. Mavroudis C, Deal BJ, Backer CL, Stewart RD, Franklin WH, Tsao S, et al. J. Maxwell Chamberlain Memorial Paper for congenital heart surgery. 111 Fontan conversions with arrhythmia surgery: surgical lessons and outcomes. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2007;84(5):1457-65; discussion 65-6. Epub 2007/10/24.

21

290. Harrison DA, Harris L, Siu SC, MacLoghlin CJ, Connelly MS, Webb GD, et al. Sustained ventricular tachycardia in adult patients late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1997;30(5):1368-73. Epub 1997/11/14.291. Karamlou T, Silber I, Lao R, McCrindle BW, Harris L, Downar E, et al. Outcomes after late reoperation in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot: the impact of arrhythmia and arrhythmia surgery. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2006;81(5):1786-93; discussion 93. Epub 2006/04/25.292. Stulak JM, Dearani JA, Burkhart HM, Park SJ, Suri RM, Schaff HV. The surgical treatment of concomitant atrial arrhythmias during redo cardiac operations. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2012;94(6):1894-9; discussion 900. Epub 2012/09/11.293. Mascio CE, Pasquali SK, Jacobs JP, Jacobs ML, Austin EH, 3rd. Outcomes in adult congenital heart surgery: analysis of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons database. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 2011;142(5):1090-7. Epub 2011/09/14.294. Holst KA, Dearani JA, Burkhart HM, Connolly HM, Warnes CA, Li Z, et al. Reoperative multivalve surgery in adult congenital heart disease. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2013;95(4):1383-9. Epub 2013/03/07.295. Zomer AC, Verheugt CL, Vaartjes I, Uiterwaal CS, Langemeijer MM, Koolbergen DR, et al. Surgery in adults with congenital heart disease. Circulation. 2011;124(20):2195-201. Epub 2011/10/12.296. Levine JC, Walsh EP, Saul JP. Radiofrequency ablation of accessory pathways associated with congenital heart disease including heterotaxy syndrome. The American journal of cardiology. 1993;72(9):689-93. Epub 1993/09/15.297. van Hare GF. Radiofrequency ablation of accessory pathways associated with congenital heart disease. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 1997;20(8 Pt 2):2077-81. Epub 1997/08/01.298. Sherwin ED, Triedman JK, Walsh EP. Update on interventional electrophysiology in congenital heart disease: evolving solutions for complex hearts. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 2013;6(5):1032-40. Epub 2013/10/17.299. Deal BJ, Mavroudis C, Backer CL. The role of concomitant arrhythmia surgery in patients undergoing repair of congenital heart disease. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 2008;31 Suppl 1:S13-6. Epub 2008/03/25.300. Sciarra L, Rebecchi M, De Ruvo E, De Luca L, Zuccaro LM, Fagagnini A, et al. How many atrial fibrillation ablation candidates have an underlying supraventricular tachycardia previously unknown? Efficacy of isolated triggering arrhythmia ablation. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2010;12(12):1707-12. Epub 2010/09/14.301. Moya A, Sutton R, Ammirati F, Blanc JJ, Brignole M, Dahm JB, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (version 2009). European heart journal. 2009;30(21):2631-71. Epub 2009/08/29.302. P P, AA V, SD A, H B, JG C, AJ C, et al. - 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(8):891-975.303. Numeroso F, Mossini G, Spaggiari E, Cervellin G. Syncope in the emergency department of a large northern Italian hospital: incidence, efficacy of a short-stay observation ward and validation of the OESIL risk score. Emergency medicine journal : EMJ. 2010;27(9):653-8. Epub 2010/06/03.304. Reed MJ, Newby DE, Coull AJ, Prescott RJ, Jacques KG, Gray AJ. The ROSE (risk stratification of syncope in the emergency department) study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2010;55(8):713-21. Epub 2010/02/23.

22

305. Sule S, Palaniswamy C, Aronow WS, Adapa S, Khera S, Peterson SJ, et al. Etiology of Syncope in Patients Hospitalized With Syncope and Predictors of Mortality and Readmission for Syncope at 17-Month Follow-Up: A Prospective Study. American journal of therapeutics. 2016;23(1):e2-6. Epub 2012/08/11.306. Sule S, Palaniswamy C, Aronow WS, Ahn C, Peterson SJ, Adapa S, et al. Etiology of syncope in patients hospitalized with syncope and predictors of mortality and rehospitalization for syncope at 27-month follow-up. Clinical cardiology. 2011;34(1):35-8. Epub 2011/01/25.307. Sun BC, McCreath H, Liang LJ, Bohan S, Baugh C, Ragsdale L, et al. Randomized clinical trial of an emergency department observation syncope protocol versus routine inpatient admission. Annals of emergency medicine. 2014;64(2):167-75. Epub 2013/11/19.308. Gurevich T, Machmid H, Klepikov D, Ezra A, Giladi N, Peretz C. Head-up tilt testing for detecting orthostatic hypotension: how long do we need to wait? Neuroepidemiology. 2014;43(3-4):239-43. Epub 2014/12/23.309. Sagrista-Sauleda J, Romero-Ferrer B, Moya A, Permanyer-Miralda G, Soler-Soler J. Variations in diagnostic yield of head-up tilt test and electrophysiology in groups of patients with syncope of unknown origin. European heart journal. 2001;22(10):857-65. Epub 2001/05/15.310. Gatzoulis KA, Karystinos G, Gialernios T, Sotiropoulos H, Synetos A, Dilaveris P, et al. Correlation of noninvasive electrocardiography with invasive electrophysiology in syncope of unknown origin: implications from a large syncope database. Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc. 2009;14(2):119-27. Epub 2009/05/08.311. Linzer M, Yang EH, Estes NA, 3rd, Wang P, Vorperian VR, Kapoor WN. Diagnosing syncope. Part 2: Unexplained syncope. Clinical Efficacy Assessment Project of the American College of Physicians. Annals of internal medicine. 1997;127(1):76-86. Epub 1997/07/01.312. Moazez F, Peter T, Simonson J, Mandel WJ, Vaughn C, Gang E. Syncope of unknown origin: clinical, noninvasive, and electrophysiologic determinants of arrhythmia induction and symptom recurrence during long-term follow-up. American heart journal. 1991;121(1 Pt 1):81-8. Epub 1991/01/01.313. Denniss AR, Ross DL, Richards DA, Uther JB. Electrophysiologic studies in patients with unexplained syncope. International journal of cardiology. 1992;35(2):211-7. Epub 1992/05/01.314. Lacroix D, Dubuc M, Kus T, Savard P, Shenasa M, Nadeau R. Evaluation of arrhythmic causes of syncope: correlation between Holter monitoring, electrophysiologic testing, and body surface potential mapping. American heart journal. 1991;122(5):1346-54. Epub 1991/11/01.315. Sra JS, Anderson AJ, Sheikh SH, Avitall B, Tchou PJ, Troup PJ, et al. Unexplained syncope evaluated by electrophysiologic studies and head-up tilt testing. Annals of internal medicine. 1991;114(12):1013-9. Epub 1991/06/15.316. Reiffel JA, Wang P, Bower R, Bigger JT, Jr., Livelli F, Jr., Ferrick K, et al. Electrophysiologic testing in patients with recurrent syncope: are results predicted by prior ambulatory monitoring? American heart journal. 1985;110(6):1146-53. Epub 1985/12/01.317. Gulamhusein S, Naccarelli GV, Ko PT, Prystowsky EN, Zipes DP, Barnett HJ, et al. Value and limitations of clinical electrophysiologic study in assessment of patients with unexplained syncope. The American journal of medicine. 1982;73(5):700-5. Epub 1982/11/01.

23

318. Blanc JJ. Clinical laboratory testing: what is the role of tilt-table testing, active standing test, carotid massage, electrophysiological testing and ATP test in the syncope evaluation? Progress in cardiovascular diseases. 2013;55(4):418-24. Epub 2013/03/12.319. Link MS, Kim KM, Homoud MK, Estes NA, 3rd, Wang PJ. Long-term outcome of patients with syncope associated with coronary artery disease and a nondiagnostic electrophysiologic evaluation. The American journal of cardiology. 1999;83(9):1334-7. Epub 1999/05/11.320. Militianu A, Salacata A, Seibert K, Kehoe R, Baga JJ, Meissner MD, et al. Implantable cardioverter defibrillator utilization among device recipients presenting exclusively with syncope or near-syncope. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 1997;8(10):1087-97. Epub 1997/11/18.321. Pezawas T, Stix G, Kastner J, Wolzt M, Mayer C, Moertl D, et al. Unexplained syncope in patients with structural heart disease and no documented ventricular arrhythmias: value of electrophysiologically guided implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2003;5(3):305-12. Epub 2003/07/05.322. Steinberg JS, Beckman K, Greene HL, Marinchak R, Klein RC, Greer SG, et al. Follow-up of patients with unexplained syncope and inducible ventricular tachyarrhythmias: analysis of the AVID registry and an AVID substudy. Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 2001;12(9):996-1001. Epub 2001/09/28.323. Andrews NP, Fogel RI, Pelargonio G, Evans JJ, Prystowsky EN. Implantable defibrillator event rates in patients with unexplained syncope and inducible sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias: a comparison with patients known to have sustained ventricular tachycardia. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1999;34(7):2023-30. Epub 1999/12/10.324. Bass EB, Elson JJ, Fogoros RN, Peterson J, Arena VC, Kapoor WN. Long-term prognosis of patients undergoing electrophysiologic studies for syncope of unknown origin. The American journal of cardiology. 1988;62(17):1186-91. Epub 1988/12/01.325. Olshansky B, Mazuz M, Martins JB. Significance of inducible tachycardia in patients with syncope of unknown origin: a long-term follow-up. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1985;5(2 Pt 1):216-23. Epub 1985/02/01.326. A M, R S, F A, JJ B, M B, JB D, et al. - Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (version 2009). European heart journal. 2009;30(21):2631-71.327. Brembilla-Perrot B, Suty-Selton C, Houriez P, Claudon O, Beurrier D, de la Chaise AT. Value of non-invasive and invasive studies in patients with bundle branch block, syncope and history of myocardial infarction. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2001;3(3):187-94. Epub 2001/07/27.328. Roy D, Waxman HL, Kienzle MG, Buxton AE, Marchlinski FE, Josephson ME. Clinical characteristics and long-term follow-up in 119 survivors of cardiac arrest: relation to inducibility at electrophysiologic testing. The American journal of cardiology. 1983;52(8):969-74. Epub 1983/11/01.329. Eldar M, Sauve MJ, Scheinman MM. Electrophysiologic testing and follow-up of patients with aborted sudden death. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1987;10(2):291-8. Epub 1987/08/01.

24

330. Morady F, Scheinman MM, Hess DS, Sung RJ, Shen E, Shapiro W. Electrophysiologic testing in the management of survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The American journal of cardiology. 1983;51(1):85-9. Epub 1983/01/01.331. Skale BT, Miles WM, Heger JJ, Zipes DP, Prystowsky EN. Survivors of cardiac arrest: prevention of recurrence by drug therapy as predicted by electrophysiologic testing or electrocardiographic monitoring. The American journal of cardiology. 1986;57(1):113-9. Epub 1986/01/01.332. AP H, HL G, DG W, D Z, AE E, MJ D, et al. - Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID)--rationale, design, and. The American journal of cardiology. 1995;75(7):470-5.333. Powell AC, Fuchs T, Finkelstein DM, Garan H, Cannom DS, McGovern BA, et al. Influence of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators on the long-term prognosis of survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Circulation. 1993;88(3):1083-92. Epub 1993/09/01.334. T W, M P, C W, T A, P G, O A, et al. - Implantable cardioverter/defibrillator therapy in arrhythmogenic right. Circulation. 2004;109(12):1503-8.335. GL D, JE P, PJ K, MH R, MJ G, J A, et al. - Management of ventricular fibrillation with transvenous defibrillators without. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 1996;7(3):197-202.336. HG L, RK T, R Y, GJ K. - The value of electrophysiologic testing in patients resuscitated from documented. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 1994;5(10):805-9.337. R B, M M, JC S-B, F V, A B, J M, et al. - Are electrophysiological studies needed prior to defibrillator implantation? Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 2003;26(8):1715-21.338. Hilfiker G, Schoenenberger AW, Erne P, Kobza R. Utility of electrophysiological studies to predict arrhythmic events. World journal of cardiology. 2015;7(6):344-50. Epub 2015/07/02.339. AD K, JS H, V C, DH B, CS S, J C, et al. - Systematic assessment of patients with unexplained cardiac arrest: Cardiac Arrest. Circulation. 2009;120(4):278-85.340. Giada F, Gulizia M, Francese M, Croci F, Santangelo L, Santomauro M, et al. Recurrent unexplained palpitations (RUP) study comparison of implantable loop recorder versus conventional diagnostic strategy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2007;49(19):1951-6. Epub 2007/05/15.341. Brembilla-Perrot B, Brembilla A, Moulin-Zinsch A, Sellal JM, Olivier A, Manenti V, et al. Factors of negativity of electrophysiological study in children and teenagers complaining of tachycardia and prognostic significance. Pediatric cardiology. 2015;36(1):64-70. Epub 2014/07/30.342. Valles E, Marti-Almor J, Bazan V, Suarez F, Cian D, Portillo L, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic value of electrophysiologic study in patients with nondocumented palpitations. The American journal of cardiology. 2011;107(9):1333-7. Epub 2011/03/05.343. Tsiachris D, Koutagiar I, Gatzoulis KA, Arsenos P, Rigatou A, Dilaveris P, et al. Diagnosis and management of phantom tachycardias based on an electrophysiologically guided approach. Hellenic journal of cardiology : HJC = Hellenike kardiologike epitheorese. 2016;57(5):340-4. Epub 2017/02/14.344. Strickberger SA, Daoud EG, Niebauer MJ, Hasse C, Man KC, Morady F. The mechanisms responsible for lack of reproducible induction of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 1996;7(6):494-502. Epub 1996/06/01.

25

345. Brembilla-Perrot B, Terrier de la Chaise A, Pichene M, Aliot E, Cherrier F, Pernot C. Isoprenaline as an aid to the induction of catecholamine dependent supraventricular tachycardias during programmed stimulation. British heart journal. 1989;61(4):348-55. Epub 1989/04/01.346. Huycke EC, Lai WT, Nguyen NX, Keung EC, Sung RJ. Role of intravenous isoproterenol in the electrophysiologic induction of atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia in patients with dual atrioventricular node pathways. The American journal of cardiology. 1989;64(18):1131-7. Epub 1989/11/15.347. Oral H, Crawford T, Frederick M, Gadeela N, Wimmer A, Dey S, et al. Inducibility of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation by isoproterenol and its relation to the mode of onset of atrial fibrillation. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology. 2008;19(5):466-70. Epub 2008/02/13.348. Pauriah M, Cismaru G, Sellal JM, De Chillou C, Brembilla-Perrot B. Is isoproterenol really required during electrophysiological study in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome? Journal of electrocardiology. 2013;46(6):686-92. Epub 2013/01/15.349. Stellbrink C, Diem B, Schauerte P, Brehmer K, Schuett H, Hanrath P. Differential effects of atropine and isoproterenol on inducibility of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing. 2001;5(4):463-9. Epub 2001/12/26.350. Morady F, Kou WH, Kadish AH, Toivonen LK, Kushner JA, Schmaltz S. Effects of epinephrine in patients with an accessory atrioventricular connection treated with quinidine. The American journal of cardiology. 1988;62(9):580-4. Epub 1988/09/15.351. LN H, ME J, A F, SR S, EL M, AM G. - Recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia 3. Role of the electrophysiologic. Circulation. 1978;58(6):986-97.352. CD S, RA W, JW M. - Determinants of survival in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The New England journal of medicine. 1983;308(24):1436-42.353. TJ W, HR K, SR S, SP K, AM G, LN H. - Reduction in sudden death and total mortality by antiarrhythmic therapy evaluated. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1987;10(1):83-9.354. J Z, DE H, BB L, JP D. - Predictors of efficacy of amiodarone and characteristics of recurrence of. Circulation. 1987;76(4):802-9.355. DG B, Benson DW J, GJ K, MR P, JM K, RW A. - Prevention of recurrent sudden cardiac arrest: role of provocative. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1983;2(3):418-25.356. F M, MM S, DS H, RJ S, E S, W S. - Electrophysiologic testing in the management of survivors of out-of-hospital. The American journal of cardiology. 1983;51(1):85-9.357. D R, HL W, MG K, AE B, FE M, ME J. - Clinical characteristics and long-term follow-up in 119 survivors of cardiac. The American journal of cardiology. 1983;52(8):969-74.358. JN R, JP D, H G. - Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: electrophysiologic observations and selection of. The New England journal of medicine. 1980;303(11):607-13.359. BT S, WM M, JJ H, DP Z, EN P. - Survivors of cardiac arrest: prevention of recurrence by drug therapy as. The American journal of cardiology. 1986;57(1):113-9.360. DJ W, H G, D F, E K, J N, B M, et al. - Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Use of electrophysiologic testing in the. The New England journal of medicine. 1988;318(1):19-24.361. GH B, KL L, DB M, JE P, DL P, R B, et al. - Amiodarone or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for congestive heart. The New England journal of medicine. 2005;352(3):225-37.

26

362. Gaede L, Kim WK, Liebetrau C, Dorr O, Sperzel J, Blumenstein J, et al. Pacemaker implantation after TAVI: predictors of AV block persistence. Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society. 2017. Epub 2017/10/01.363. Rubin JM, Avanzas P, del Valle R, Renilla A, Rios E, Calvo D, et al. Atrioventricular conduction disturbance characterization in transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the CoreValve prosthesis. Circulation Cardiovascular interventions. 2011;4(3):280-6. Epub 2011/05/05.364. Kostopoulou A, Karyofillis P, Livanis E, Thomopoulou S, Stefopoulos C, Doudoumis K, et al. Permanent pacing after transcatheter aortic valve implantation of a CoreValve prosthesis as determined by electrocardiographic and electrophysiological predictors: a single-centre experience. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2016;18(1):131-7. Epub 2015/06/11.365. Makki N, Dollery J, Jones D, Crestanello J, Lilly S. Conduction disturbances after TAVR: Electrophysiological studies and pacemaker dependency. Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions. 2017;18(5S1):S10-S3. Epub 2017/04/06.366. Rivard L, Schram G, Asgar A, Khairy P, Andrade JG, Bonan R, et al. Electrocardiographic and electrophysiological predictors of atrioventricular block after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Heart rhythm. 2015;12(2):321-9. Epub 2014/12/03.

27