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2010 SECTION V ARTICLE 4

ARTICLE 4

ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION

METHODS FOR WELDS

(10)

T-410 SCOPE

This Article provides or references requirements for

weld examinations, which are to be used in selecting and

developing ultrasonic examination procedures when

examination to any part of this Article is a

requirement of a referencing Code Section. These

procedures are to be used for the ultrasonic examination

of welds and the dimen- sioning of indications for

comparison with acceptance standards when required by

the referencing Code Section the referencing Code

Section shall be consulted for specific requirements for

the following!

(a) personnel qualification " certification

requirements

(b) procedure requirements " demonstration,

qualification, acceptance

(c) examination system characteristics

(d) retention and control of calibration bloc#s

(e) extent of examination and " or volume to bescanned

(f) acceptance standards

(g) retention of records

(h) report requirements

$efinitions of terms used in this Article are contained

in %andatory Appendix &&& of Article '.

T-420 GENERAL

The requirements of this Article shall be used together

with Article (, )eneral *equirements. *efer to

(a) special provisions for coarse grain materials and

welds in T-+'(

(b) special provisions for computeried imaging tech-

niques in T-+'

(c) %andatory Appendix &&& for Time of light $iffrac-

tion /T0$1 techniques

(d) %andatory Appendix &2 for phased array manual

rastering techniques

T-421 Written Pr!e"#re Re$#ire%ent&

T-421'1 Re$#ire%ent&' 3ltrasonic examination shall

be performed in accordance with a written procedure

which shall, as a minimum, contain the requirements

listed in


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ARTICLE 4 2010 SECTION V

TABLE T-421REQUIREMENTS OF AN ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE

Requiree!"

E##e!"i$%

&$ri$'%e

N(!e##e!"i$%

&$ri$'%e

1eld conigurations to be e2amined+ including thicknessdimensions and base material product orm 3pipe+ plate+ etc45 6 4 4 4

0he suraces rom which the e2amination shall be perormed 6 4 4 4

0echni7ue3s5 3straight beam+ angle beam+ contact+ and$or immersion5 6 4 4 4

Angle3s5 and mode3s5 o wave propagation in the material 6 4 4 4

Search unit type3s5+ re7uency3ies5+ and element si8e3s5$shape3s5 6 4 4 4

Special search units+ wedges+ shoes+ or saddles+ when used 6 4 4 4

9ltrasonic instrument3s5 6 4 4 4

Calibration :calibration block3s5 and techni7ue3s5; 6 4 4 4

/irections and e2tent o scanning 6 4 4 4

Scanning 3manual vs4 automatic5 6 4 4 4

Method or discriminating geometric rom law indications 6 4 4 4

Method or si8ing indications 6 4 4 4

Computer enhanced data ac7uisition+ when used 6 4 4 4

Scan overlap 3decrease only5 6 4 4 4

Personnel perormance re7uirements+ when re7uired 6 4 4 4

Personnel 7ualiication re7uirements 4 4 4 6

Surace condition 3e2amination surace+ calibration block5 4 4 4 6Couplant. brand name or type 4 4 4 6

Automatic alarm and$or recording e7uipment+ when applicable 4 4 4 6

#ecords+ including minimum calibration data to be recorded 3e4g4+ instrument

settings5 4 4 4 6

T-4,2'2 C*)""in./Se)r! Unit& +r Te!ni$#e

One'(

$ual element search units using an angled pitch-

catch technique shall be used. The included angle between

the beam paths shall be such that the effective focal spot

of the search unit is centered in the area of interest.

T-4,, C#*)nt

T-4,,'1 Gener)*' The couplant, including additives,

shall not be detrimental to the material being examined.

T-4,,'2 Cntr* + Cnt)%in)nt&

(a) Couplants used on nic#el base alloys shall not con-

tain more than '6 ppm of sulfur.

(b) Couplants used on austenitic stainless steel or tita-

nium shall not contain more than '6 ppm of halides

/chlo- rides plus fluorides1.

T-4,4 C)*ir)tin *!3&

T-4,4'1 Gener)*

T-4,4'1'1 Re+*e!tr&' Specified reflectors /i.e.,

side-drilled holes, flat bottom holes, notches, etc.1 shall

be used to establish primary reference responses of the

equipment. An alternative reflector/s1 may be used pro-

vided that the alternative reflector/s1 produces a sensitivity

equal to or greater than the specified reflector/s1 /e.g.,

(See paragraph T-+umber grouping asone of the materials being examined. or the purposes of

this paragraph, =->os. (, ;, +, 'A through 'C, and ('A

through (' materials are considered equivalent.

(b) Dissimilar Metal Welds. The material selection

shall be based on the material on the side of the weld from

which the examination will be conducted. &f the

examination will be conducted from both sides,

calibration reflectors shall be provided in both materials.

T-4,4'1', (#)*it' =rior to fabrication, the bloc#

material shall be completely examined with a straight

beam search unit. Areas that contain an indication

exceeding the remaining bac#-wall reflection shall be

excluded from the beam paths required to reach thevarious calibra tion reflectors.

T-4,4'1'4 C*)""in.' 4hen the component material

is clad, the bloc# shall be clad by the same welding proce-

dure as the production part. &t is desirable to have compo-

nent materials which have been clad before the drop outs

or prolongations are removed. 4hen the cladding is

deposited using an automatic welding process, and, if due

to bloc# sie, the automatic welding process is

impractical, deposi- tion of clad may be by the manual

method.


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4=- 3'*(5 ,4- 3'(*5 '- 3=**5 -* 3%**5

'=4== 3===5

'* 3-%*5

( 3-**5

% 3'-%5>4( 3'-*5

-4(( 3,-5

'4,= 3>=5

'4*> 3-)5

** % 3'-%5 '* 3-%*5 '% 3=,%5 -* 3%**5

E2amination Surace /iameter+ in4 3mm5

(10)

T-4,4'1'5 He)t Tre)t%ent' The calibration bloc#

shall receive at least the minimum tempering treatment

required by the material specification for the type and

grade. &f the calibration bloc# contains welds other than

cladding, and the component weld at the time of the

examination has been heat treated, the bloc# shall

receive the same heat treatment.T-4,4'1'6 S#r+)!e Fini&' The finish on the

scanning surfaces of the bloc# shall be representative of

the scanning surface finishes on the component to be

examined.

T-4,4'1'7 *!3 C#r8)t#re

T-4,4'1'7'1 M)teri)*& Wit Di)%eter& Gre)ter

T)n 20 in' 9500 %%:' or examinations in materials

where the examination surface diameter is greater than

6 in. /'66 mm1, a bloc# of essentially the same curvature,

or alternatively, a flat basic calibration bloc#, may be

used.

T-4,4'1'7'2 M)teri)*& Wit Di)%eter& 20 in'

9500 %%: )n" Le&&' or examinations in materials where

the examination surface diameter is equal to or less than

6 in. /'66 mm1, a curved bloc# shall be used. ?xcept

where otherwise stated in this Article, a single curved

basic calibration bloc# may be used for examinations in

the range of curvature from 6.@ to (.' times the basiccalibration bloc# diameter. or example, an in /66 mm1

diameter bloc# may be used to calibrate for examinations

on surfaces in the range of curvature from


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examining from the convex surface by the straight beam

contact technique, Appendix ) may be used.

T-4,4'2 Nn-Piin. C)*ir)tin *!3&

T-4,4'2'1 )&i! C)*ir)tin *!3' The basic cali-

bration bloc# configuration and reflectors shall be as

shown in ig. T-+;+..(. The bloc# sie and reflectorlocations shall be adequate to perform calibrations for the

beam angles used.

T-4,4'2'2 *!3 Ti!3ne&&' The bloc# thic#ness /T1

shall be per ig. T-+;+..(.

T-4,4'2', *!3 R)n.e + U&e' 4hen the bloc#

thic#ness ( in. /' mm1 spans two weld thic#ness ranges

as shown in ig. T-+;+..(, the bloc#Ds use shall be accept-

able in those portions of each thic#ness range covered by

( in. /' mm1 of the calibration bloc#Ds thic#ness. As an

the base material shall be within ( in. /' mm1 of the

calibration bloc# thic#ness when the examination is per-

formed from the base material surface. The thic#ness of

the base material on the calibration bloc# shall be at least

twice the thic#ness of the cladding when the examination

is performed from the clad surface.

T-440 MISCELLANEOUS RE(UIREMENTS

T-441 I"enti+i!)tin + We*" E;)%in)tin

Are)&

(a) Weld Locations. 4eld locations and their identifica-

tion shall be recorded on a weld map or in an identifica-

tion plan.

(b) Marking. &f welds are to be permanently mar#ed,

low stress stamps and"or vibratooling may be used. %ar#-

example, a calibration bloc# with a thic#ness of ((E in. ings applied after final stress relief of the component shall

/; mm1 could be used for weld thic#nesses of 6.' in. not be any deeper than;EB+ in. /(. mm1.

(10)

/(; mm1 to .' in. /B+ mm1.T-4,4'2'4 A*tern)te *!3' Alternatively, the bloc#

may be constructed as shown >onmandatory Appendix F,

ig. F-+;(.

T-4,4', Piin. C)*ir)tin *!3&' The basic calibra-

tion bloc# configuration and reflectors shall be as shown

in ig. T-+;+.;. The basic calibration bloc# curvature shall

be in accordance with T-+;+.(.onmandatory Appendix A however, a dif-

ferent system may be utilied provided it meets the above

requirements.

T-450 TECHNI(UES

The techniques described in this Article are intended for

applications where either single or dual element search

units are used to produce!(a) normal incident longitudinal wave beams for what

are generally termed straight beam examinations or

(b) angle beam longitudinal waves, where both

refracted longitudinal and shear waves are present in the

material under examination. 4hen used for thic#ness

measurement or clad examination, these examinations are

generally considered to be straight beam examinations.

4hen used for weld examinations, they are generally

termed angle beam examinations or

(c) angle beam shear waves, where incident angles in

wedges produce only refracted shear waves in the material

under examination are generally termed angle beam

examinations.Contact or immersion techniques may be used. 7ase

materials and"or welds with metallurgical structures pro-

ducing variable attenuations may require that longitudinal

angle beams are used instead of shear waves. Additionally,

computeried imaging techniques may enhance the detect-

ability and evaluation of indications.

0ther techniques or technology which can be demon-

strated to produce equivalent or better examination sensi-

tivity and detectability using search units with more than


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FI* T-4+4*2*1 NON-PIPIN CALIBRATION BLOCS

= T

'$-T

) in4 3'%* mm5'$>T

D

'$-T =$> T

C0

'$-T

T

'$-T

D

Cladding 3i present5

'$-T'$-T

Minimum dimensions

D " '$- in4 3'= mm5

1idth " ) in4 3'%* mm5!ength " = 2 0hickness

C$%i'r$"i(! B%./ %e

1e%2 T3i./!e##4 " T3i./!e##4 T Di$e"er

i!* () i!* () i!* ()

9p to ' 3-%5=?> 3'&5 or t

=?=- 3-4%5

@ver ' 3-%5 through - 3%*5 ''?- 3=(5 or t

'?( 3=5

@ver - 3%*5 through > 3'**5 = 3,%5 or t=?') 3%5

@ver > 3'**5 t ' 3-%5 :Note 3'5;

N(".3 Die!#i(!#4

i!* ()

Notch depthp -B 0 Notch

widthp'?> 3)5 ma24 Notch

lengthp ' 3-%5 min4

Minimum dimension4

ENE#A! N@0ES.

3a5 Holes shall be drilled and reamed '4% in4 3=( mm5 deep minimum+ essentially parallel to the e2amination surace43b5 Dor components e7ual to or less than -* in4 3%** mm5 in diameter+ calibration block diameter shall meet the re7uirements o 0>=>4'4,4-4

0wo sets o calibration relectors 3holes+ notches5 oriented &* deg rom each other shall be used4Alternatively+ two curved calibration

blocks may be used4

3c5 0he tolerance or hole diameter shall be '?=- in4 3*4( mm54 0he tolerance or hole location through the calibration block thickness

3i4e4+ distance rom the e2amination surace5 shall be '?( in4 3= mm54

3d5 Dor blocks less than=?> in4 3'& mm5 in thickness+ only the

'?-0 sidedrilled hole and surace notches are re7uired4

3e5 All holes may be located on the same ace 3side5 o the calibration block+ provided care is e2ercised to locate all the relectors 3holes+

notches5 to prevent one relector rom aecting the indication rom another relector during calibration4 Notches may also be in the sameplane as the inline holes 3See Appendi2 F+ Dig4 F>='54 As in Dig4 F>='+ a suicient number o holes shall be provided or both angle and

straight beam calibrations at the'?>0+

'?-0+ and

=?>0 depths4

35 Notch depths shall be '4)B0 minimum to -4-B0 ma2imum4 1hen cladding is present+ notch depth on the cladding side o the block shall

be increased by the cladding thickness+ C0 3i4e4+ '4)B0 G C0 minimum to -4-B0 G C0 ma2imum54

3g5 Ma2imum notch width is not critical4 Notches may be made by E/M or with end mills up to'?> in4 3)4> mm5 in diameter4

3h5 1eld thickness+ t+ is the nominal material thickness or welds without reinorcement or+ or welds with reinorcement+ the nominal material

thickness plus the estimated weld reinorcement not to e2ceed the ma2imum permitted by the reerencing Code Section4 1hen two or morebase material thicknesses are involved+ the calibration block thickness+ 0+ shall be determined by the average thickness o the weld alternatively+

a calibration block based on the greater base material thickness may be used provided the reerence relector si8e is based upon the

average weld thickness4

N@0E.

3'5 Dor each increase in weld thickness o - in4 3%* mm5 or raction thereo over > in4 3'** mm5+ the hole diameter shall increase'?') in4 3'4% mm54

+


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FI* T-4+4*+ CALIBRATION BLOC FOR PIPE

L Nominal wallthickness 3T5

C0

Arc length

Cladding 3i present5

I Notches shall be located not closer than 0 or ' in4 3-% mm5+ whichever is greater+ to any block edge or to other notches4

ENE#A! [email protected] 0he minimum calibration block length 3!5 shall be ( in4 3-** mm5 or (0+ whichever is greater4

3b5 Dor @/ > in4 3'** mm5 or less+ the minimum arc length shall be -,* deg4 Dor @/ greater than > in4 3'** mm5+ the minimum arc

length shall be ( in4 3-** mm5 or =0+ whichever is greater4

3c5 Notch depths shall be (B0 minimum to ''B0 ma2imum4 1hen cladding is present+ notch depths on the cladding side o the block shall

be increased by the cladding thickness+ C0 3i4e4+ (B0 G C0 minimum to ''B0 G C0 ma2imum54 Notch widths shall be'?> in4 3) mm5

ma2imum4 Notch lengths shall be ' in4 3-% mm5 minimum4

3d5 Ma2imum notch width is not critical4 Notches may be made with E/M or with end mills up to'?> in4 3) mm5 in diameter4

3e5 Notch lengths shall be suicient to provide or calibration with a minimum = to ' signaltonoise ratio4

two transducer elements may be used. The demonstration

shall be in accordance with Article (, T-('6/a1.

T-451 C)r&e Gr)in M)teri)*&

3ltrasonic examinations of high alloy steels and high

nic#el alloy weld deposits and dissimilar metal welds

between carbon steels and high alloy steels and high

nic#el alloys are usually more difficult than ferritic weld

examinations. $ifficulties with ultrasonic

examinations can be caused by an inherent coarse-

grained and"or a directionally- oriented structure, which

can cause mar#ed variations in attenuation, reflection, and

refraction at grain boundaries and velocity changes within

the grains. &t usually is necessary to modify and"or

supplement the provisions of this Article in accordance

with T-('6/a1 when examining such welds in thesematerials. Additional items, which may be necessary, are

weld moc#ups with reference reflectors in the weld

deposit and single or dual element angle beam

longitudinal wave transducers.

T-452 C%#teri=e" I%).in. Te!ni$#e&

The ma8or attribute of Computeried &maging Tech-

niques /C&Ts1 is their effectiveness when used to

character- ie and evaluate indications however, C&Ts

may also be

used to perform the basic scanning functions required for

flaw detection. Computer-processed data analysis and dis-

play techniques are used in con8unction with automatic or

semi-automatic scanning mechanisms to produce two andthree-dimensional images of flaws, which provides an

enhanced capability for examining critical components

and structures. Computer processes may be used to

quantita- tively evaluate the type, sie, shape, location,

and orienta- tion of flaws detected by ultrasonic

examination or other >$? methods. $escriptions for

some C&Ts that may be used are provided in

>onmandatory Appendix ?.

T-460 CALIRATION

T-461 In&tr#%ent Line)rit Ce!3&

The requirements of T-+B(.( and T-+B(. shall be met

at intervals not to exceed three months for analog type

instruments and one year for digital type instruments, or

prior to first use thereafter.

T-461'1 S!reen Hei.t Line)rit' The ultrasonic

instrumentDs screen height linearity shall be evaluated in

accordance with %andatory Appendix &.

T-461'2 A%*it#"e Cntr* Line)rit' The ultrasonic

instrumentDs amplitude control linearity shall be evaluated

in accordance with %andatory Appendix &&.


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FI* T-4+4*4*1 CALIBRATION BLOC FOR TECNIQUE ONE

A2is o clad beads

in4 3=( mm5n4 depth

''$-mi

'$') in4 3'4% mm5

sidedrilled holeJs

relecting surace

at clad interace4

tolerance "'$)> in4 3*4> mm5

Cladding

'$( in4 3= mm5 latbottom hole

drilled to clad interace4tolerance "

'$)> in4 3*4> mm5

T-462 Gener)* C)*ir)tin Re$#ire%ent&

T-462'1 U*tr)&ni! S&te%' Calibrations shall include

the complete ultrasonic system and shall be performed

prior to use of the system in the thic#ness range under

examination.

T-462'2 C)*i1r)tin S#r+)!e' Calibrations shall be per-

formed from the surface /clad or unclad convex or con-

cave1 corresponding to the surface of the component from

which the examination will be performed.

T-462', C#*)nt' The same couplant to be used dur-

ing the examination shall be used for calibration.

T-462'4 Cnt)!t We".e&' The same contact wedges to

be used during the examination shall be used for cali-bration.

T-462'5 In&tr#%ent Cntr*&' Any control which

affects instrument linearity /e.g., filters, re8ect, or clipping1

shall be in the same position for calibration, calibration

chec#s, instrument linearity chec#s, and examination.

T-462'6 Te%er)t#re' or contact examination, the

temperature differential between the calibration bloc# and

examination surfaces shall be within 'H /(+HC1. or

immersion examination, the couplant temperature for cali-bration shall be within 'H /(+HC1 of the couplant

temperature for examination.

T-46, C)*ir)tin +r Nn-Piin.

T-46,'1 S&te% C)*ir)tin +r Di&t)n!e A%*it#"e

Te!ni$#e&

T-46,'1'1 C)*ir)tin *!39&:' Calibrations shall

be performed uti liing the cal ibration bloc# shown in

ig. T-+;+..(.

T-46,'1'2 Te!ni$#e&' >onmandatory Appendices

7 and C provide general techniques for both angle beam

shear wave and straight beam calibrations. 0ther tech-

niques may be used.

The angle beam shall be directed toward the calibration

reflector that yields the maximum response in the area of

interest. The gain control shall be set so that this response

is 6G 'G of full screen height. This shall be the

primary reference level. The search unit shall then be

manipulated, without changing instrument settings, to

obtain the maximum responses from the other calibration

reflectors at their beam paths to generate the distance-

amplitude correction


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m5


FI* T-4+4*4*2*1 ALTERNATE CALIBRATION BLOC FOR TECNIQUE ONE

- in43%* mm5

=$> C0'$- C0

'$> C0

C0

- C0

3min5

' in4 3typ5 ' in4 3typ5

:-% mm 3typ5; :-% mm 3typ5;

ENE#A! N@0E. All latbottom holes are'?( in4 3= mm5 diameter4 0olerances or hole diameter and depth with respect to the clad side o the

block are '?)> in4 3*4> mm54

FI* T-4+4*4*2*2 ALTERNATE CALIBRATION BLOC FOR TECNIQUE ONE

- in43%* m

' in4 3typ5 ' in4 3typ5

:-% mm 3typ5; :-% mm 3typ5;=$> C0

'$- C0'$> C0

C0

- C03min5

ENE#A! N@0E. All sidedrilled holes are'?') in4 3'4% mm5 diameter4 Holes location tolerance is

'?)> in4 3*4> mm54 All holes drilled to a

minimum depth o '4% in4 3=( mm54

'6


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the scanning surface so as to scan the entire examination

volume for each required search unit.

(a) ?ach pass of the search unit shall overlap a

minimum of (6G of the transducer /pieoelectric element1

dimension parallel to the direction of scan indexing. As an

alternative, if the sound beam dimension parallel to the

direction of scan indexing is measured in accordance with

>onmandatory Appendix 7, 7-+BB, 7eam Spread

measurement rules, each pass of the search unit may

provide overlap of the minimum beam dimension

determined.

(b) 0scillation of the search unit is permitted if it can

be demonstrated that overlapping coverage is provided.

T-471'2 P#*&e Reetitin R)te' The pulse repetition

rate shall be small enough to assure that a signal from a

reflector located at the maximum distance in the examina-

tion volume will arrive bac# at the search unit before the

next pulse is placed on the transducer.

T-471', R)te + Se)r! Unit M8e%ent' The rate of

search unit movement /scanning speed1 shall not exceed

B in."s /('6 mm"s1, unless!

(a) the ultrasonic instrument pulse repetition rate is suf-

ficient to pulse the search unit at least six times within the

time necessary to move one-half the transducer

/pieoelectric element1 dimension parallel to the

direction of the scan at maximum scanning speed or,

(b) a dynamic calibration is performed on multiple

reflectors, which are within d7 of a static calibration

and the pulse repetition rate meets the requirements of

T-+int Di&t)n!e A%*it#"e

Te!-ni$#e

4hen the referencing Code Section specifies a distance

amplitude technique, weld 8oints shall be scanned with an

angle beam search unit in both parallel and transverse

directions /+ scans1 to the weld axis. 7efore performingthe angle beam examinations, a straight beam examination

shall be performed on the volume of base material through

which the angle beams will travel to locate any reflectors

that can limit the ability of the angle beam to examine

the weld volume. >onmandatory Appendix & describes a

method of examination using multiple angle beam

search units.

T-472'1 An.*e e)% Te!-ni$#e

T-472'1'1 e)% An.*e' The search unit and beam

angle selected shall be +' deg or an angle appropriate for

the configuration being examined and shall be capable of

detecting the calibration reflectors, over the required angle

beam path.

T-472'1'2 Re+*e!tr& P)r)**e* t te We*" Se)%'

The angle beam shall be directed at approximate right

angles to the weld axis from both sides of the weld /i.e.,

from two directions1 on the same surface when possible.

The search unit shall be manipulated so that the ultrasonic

energy passes through the required volume of weld and

ad8acent base material.

T-472'1', Re+*e!tr& Tr)n&8er&e t te We*"

Se)%' The angle beam shall be directed essentially

parallel to the weld axis. The search unit shall be

manipulated so that the ultrasonic energy passes through

the required volume of weld and ad8acent base material.The search unit shall be rotated (6 deg and the

examination repeated. &f the weld cap is not machined

or ground flat, the examination shall be performed from

the base metal on

both sides of the weld cap in both weld axis directions.

T-472'2 Re&tri!te" A!!e&& We*"&' 4elds that cannot

be fully examined from two directions using the angle

beam technique /e.g., corner and tee 8oints1 shall also be

examined, if possible, with a straight beam technique.

These areas of restricted access shall be noted in the

examination report.

T-472', In)!!e&&i*e We*"&' 4elds that cannot beexamined from at least one side /edge1 using the angle

beam technique shall be noted in the examination report.

or flange welds, the weld may be examined with a

straight beam or low angle longitudinal waves from the

flange face provided the examination volume can be

covered.

T-47, C*)""in. Te!ni$#e&

The techniques described in these paragraphs shall be

used when examinations of weld metal overlay cladding

(1


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(10)

are required by a referencing Code Section. 4hen

examination for lac# of bond and clad flaw indications is

required, Technique 0ne shall be used. 4hen

examination for lac# of bond only is required, Technique

Two may be used.

T-47,'1 Te!ni$#e One' The examination shall be per-formed from the clad surface with the plane separating the

elements of the dual element search unit positioned

parallel to the axis of the weld bead. The search unit shall

be moved perpendicular to the weld direction.

T-47,'2 Te!ni$#e T


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(h) computeried program identification and revision

when used

(i) calibration bloc# identification

(j) simulation bloc#/s1 and electronic simulator/s1 iden-

tification when used

(k) instrument reference level gain and, if used,

damping and re8ect setting/s1

(l) calibration data Iincluding reference reflector/s1,

indication amplitude/s1, and distance reading/s1J

(m) data correlating simulation bloc#/s1 and electronic

simulator/s1, when used, with initial calibration

(n) identification and location of weld or volume

scanned

(o) surface/s1 from which examination was conducted,

including surface condition

() map or record of re8ectable indications detected or

areas cleared

(!) areas of restricted access or inaccessible welds

(r) examination personnel identity and, when required

by referencing Code Section, qualification level

(s) date of examination.

&tems (b) through (m) may be included in a separate

calibration record provided the calibration record identifi-

cation is included in the examination record.

T-4@, Rert

A report of the examinations shall be made. The report

shall include those records indicated in T-+@( and T-+@.

The report shall be filed and maintained in accordance

with the referencing Code Section.


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