Asia

IndiaBritish policies and the demand for self-

rule led to the Indian independence movement led by Indian National Congress

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India

Mohandas Gandhi used civil disobedience (Refusal to obey civil laws in an effort to induce change in governmental policy) and passive resistance (non-violent protest) to help promote independence from Great Britain

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India cont.

Political and religious divisions led to two separate nations Hindu India Muslim Pakistan

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India

Pakistan

India cont.

Pakistan divided into two countries Pakistan - former

West Pakistan Bangladesh - former

East Pakistan

Sri Lanka (former Ceylon) became a country with the help of Britain

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Indian Democracy

After M. Gandhi’s death, Jawaharlal Nehru (a close associate of Gandhi) took over Supported western-style industrialization and

helped to ease financial problems in the nation

1950 constitution sought to prohibit (end) caste (strict social classes) discrimination

Indira Gandhi

Developed closer relationship between India and Soviet Union during the Cold War

Developed nuclear program

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Republic of India

World’s largest democratic nation today

Has a federal system that gives many powers to the state

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China Bitter civil war for

decades between Nationalists and Communists

Creation of two Chinas Chiang Kai-Shek (Jiang

Jieshi): Nationalist China on Taiwan

Mao Tse-Tung (Zedong): Communist China on mainland

Continuing conflict between the Chinas

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Chiang

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Mao

The Chinas Today

Mainland China Deng Xiaoping-reformed economy to

included some free-market ideas although the communist government maintained control

Led to rapid economic growthTaiwan

U.S gave them aid for many years Led to rapid economic growth

Vietnam

Vietnam was a colony of France during imperialism

Ho Chi Minh with his communist guerilla group declared Vietnam independent in 1945

Fighting broke out b/t Minh and French

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Vietnam

Vietnam was divided along the 17th parallel

North Vietnam: Communist with help of China and USSR

South Vietnam: Non-communist with help of France and U.S. because of containment

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Vietnam cont.

U.S helped until 1974 1975, S. Vietnam

surrendered to N. Vietnam

Vietnam Today United as a

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