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IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE

ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

ICT INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

ICT and Development Section

ICT and Disaster Risk Reduction Division



Outline:

1. Insights from digital divide;

2. Challenges on costing ICT infrastructure

3. Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway

initiative;

2



1. Insights from digital divide3

Source: Produced by ESCAP based on data from ITU, World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database 2018 (22nd Edition/June 2017), 17 July 2018. Available

from: https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx

Access varies between

income groups



4



Access varies between income groups

2. Insights from digital divide



Access varies betweenESCAP subregions

5






Access varies betweenESCAP subregions

6






Internet speed

7

Selected ESCAP countries

Download speed for Mobile-

broadband (July 2018)

Mbps

Mobile-broadband

subscriptions per 100

inhabitants

International Internet

bandwidth per Internet user (bit/sec)

Percentage of the

population covered by

at least a 3G mobile

network

Mobile-cellular

monthly sub-basket as %

of GNI/capita

Republic of Korea

42 113 53,308 100 1

New Zealand 43 102 94,581 98 0

Australia 51 135 88,660 99 0

Singapore 54 148 958,635 100 0

Simple average 45 116 78,850 99 1

Uzbekistan 9 59 5,437 75 3

Nepal 7 52 3,855 54 4

Afghanistan 6 16 11,302 24 9

Tajikistan 5 18 2,442 90 4

Simple average 7 37 5759 61 5

Source: Speed data from Ookla speedtest (http://www.speedtest.net/), other broadband variables sourced from ITU, World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database 2018 (22nd Edition/June 2017), 17 July 2018. Available from: https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx




ESCAP trends:8

Source: Produced by ESCAP based on data from ITU, World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database 2018 (22nd Edition/June 2017), 17 July 2018.

Available from: https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx

NETWORK COVERAGE (% of population covered by at least a 3G mobile network) &

AFFORDABILITY (Mobile-cellular monthly sub-basket as % of GNI/capita), 2017



9

Afghanistan

Myanmar

Tajikistan

Timor-Leste

Papua New Guinea

Lao PDRCambodia

NepalPakistan

Fiji

India

Vanuatu

Indonesia

Bangladesh

Bhutan

Kyrgyzstan Sri Lanka

Philippines

Maldives

Mongolia

Viet Nam

Armenia

Thailand

Iran (IR)

TurkeyKazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Russian Federation

China

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Ave

rag

e D

Income inequality (Gini index) HighLow

Hig

hL

ow

SOCIAL INEQUALITY

(inequality of opportunities),

countries with high fixed-

broadband connectivity are

generally countries with low

social inequality (i.e. health,

education, electricity, water

sanitation etc)

ECO INEQUALITY (income

inequality), the linkage between

fixed-broadband connectivity and

income inequality is less clear,

although regression analysis done

by the Secretariat shows a

statistically significant negative

relationship.

Source: ESCAP (2018), “Inequality in Asia and the Pacific in the era of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, ESCAP

Ine

qu

ali

ty o

f o

pp

ort

un

itie

s (

Dis

sim

ila

riti

es

In

de

x)

Inequality and Fixed-broadband connectivity in selected Asia-Pacific countriesBridging the current widening digital divide in the region will contribute to narrowing inequality as well.

2. Challenges of costing ICT infrastructure



2. Challenges of costing ICT infrastructure

• Unit costs varies across different

economies;

• ICT evolves quickly overtime – difficult to

estimate the effects of newer technologies;

• Accurately accounts for the economic costs

of natural disasters on ICT infrastructure in

Asia-Pacific economies; and

• Cyberattacks and ICT infrastructure

vulnerability.

10



The Asia-Pacific Information

Superhighway initiative aims to increase

the availability and affordability of

broadband Internet across Asia and the

Pacific, by strengthening the underlying

Internet infrastructure in the region.

11

• Promote terrestrial and submarine fibre-optic connectivity

• Provide a regional intergovernmental platform focusing on the missing fibre-optic links between ESCAP countries

• ESCAP resolution 73/6 = mandate

3. Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway Initiative



• Bridging digital divides

• Promoting affordable access

to underserved areas

• Policy and technical support

to Governments

• Ensuring efficient and effective

Internet traffic and network

management at regional, sub-

regional and national levels

• Resilient ICT networks

• Support to disaster

management systems

• Ensuring last-mile disaster

communication

Four Pillars of AP-IS

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• Physical network design,

development, management

at regional level

• Intergovernmental negotiation

• Improving regulations based

on open access CONNECTIVITY

E-RESILIENCE

TRAFFIC /

NETWORK

MANAGEMENT

BROADBAND

FOR ALL




AP-IS Initiatives

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Identification, coordination, deployment, expansion and

integration of the regional backbone network

Establish a sufficient number of IXPs at the national and

subregional levels and set out common principles on

Internet traffic exchange

Regional social and economic studies

Enhancing ICT infrastructure resilience

Policy and regulations for leveraging existing

infrastructure, technology and inclusive broadband

initiatives

Capacity-building

AP-IS funding mechanism based on public-private

partnerships

Strategic Initiatives 2016-2018

1

2

3

4

5

6

7




Thank you!

14

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www.drrgateway.net

ICT & DRR Gateway

Email: [email protected]

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