asignment aimanaaaaa
TRANSCRIPT
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Public perception of index crime now top priority
By Amin Iskandar
Assistant News Editor
October 02, 2012
KUALA LUMPU, Oct 2 ! P"b#ic $erce$tion wi## be t%e &o'ernment(s new $riority in its
on&oin& batt#e to red"ce t%e contro'ersy o'er Ma#aysia(s crime rate, )at"k *eri
+is%amm"ddin +"ssein said today
-%e %ome minister said t%e &o'ernment was switc%in& its .oc"s to mana&in& $"b#ic
$erce$tion in t%e second $%ase o. its Nationa# Key es"#t Area /NKA to #ower &rowin&
concern
-%e iss"e now is not t%e inde -%at we are 3"ite con.ident
-%e iss"e is not .rom t%e
$oint o. tar&etin& street crime
b"t t%e &oa# $ost %as c%an&ed
accordin& to c"rrent demands
-%is wi## a## be disc"ssed and
anno"nced in t%e second $%ase
o. o"r NKA,4
+is%amm"ddin(picture) to#d
a news con.erence a.ter c#osin&
a s$ecia# meetin& wit% t%e menin b#"e at t%e oya# Ma#aysian
Po#ice 5o##e&e %ere
+e said t%at des$ite t%e dro$ in
t%e crime rate, t%ere were sti##
sections o. t%e $"b#ic w%o .e#t
"nsa.e
+e said t%e new a$$roac% was to mana&e t%e $erce$tion amon& residents, addin& t%at t%e
&o'ernment %ad &i'en ta incenti'es and one6o.. &rants to s%o$$in& centre owners as $art o.
its new .oc"s
+e said t%e &o'ernment(s $ro$osa# to increase t%e +ome Ministry(s a##ocation by 77 $er cent
and to t%e crime red"ction NKA by 899 $er cent in B"d&et 201: re.#ected its commitment
+is%amm"ddin said t%e &o'ernment %ad a#so inc#"ded a $ro$osa# to increase its $o#ice o..icer
intake in t%e B"d&et
+e said t%e time t%e #ast s"c% increase was mentioned as a $riority was a.ter t%e May 1:,
1;8; racia# riots
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In Ma#aysia, t%e $o#ice di'ide crime into two cate&ories, inde and non6inde ! t%e .ormer
de.ined as crime t%at is re$orted wit% s"..icient re&"#arity and si&ni.icance to be a meanin&."#
indicator o. t%e crime sit"ation w%i#e t%e #atter is re&arded as minor in nat"re
-%e &o'ernment %as %ad to de.end itse#. .rom $"b#ic criticism a.ter a s$ate o. crime incidents
t%at seemed to contradict t%e ima&e $ainted by its crime statistics
-%e $o#ice and +ome Ministry contin"e to stand by P"tra
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Crime fears go viral in Malaysia
?eat"res
2012609610 1:@:0
A sec"rity &"ard $atro##in& at a $edestrian wa#kway brid&e in K"a#a L"m$"r P%oto co"rtesy@ A?P
1 o. :
by >"#ia a$$ei
KUALA LUMPU, A"& 10, 2012 /A?P 6 -%e .ear o. crime is soarin& in Ma#aysia as
$ersona# ta#es o. abd"ction, assa"#t and robbery &o 'ira# on#ine, "$$in& $ress"re on
a"t%orities to res$ond and tri&&erin& scr"tiny o. o..icia# c#aims t%at o..ences are down
*%o$$in& ma##s and residents &ro"$s %a'e #a"nc%ed $atro#s, sa#es o. sec"rity e3"i$ment are
s"r&in&, news$a$ers o..er ti$s on %ow to a'oid becomin& a 'ictim and socia# media are ab"CC
wit% an&"is% o'er t%e sit"ation
esidents o. t%e m"#ti6et%nic M"s#im6ma
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A day a.ter two men tried to abd"ct 5%in Din65i at kni.e$oint in %er car at an "$sca#e K"a#a
L"m$"r ma## in May, s%e wrote abo"t t%e ordea# on t%e socia# networkin& site, a $ost t%at was
s%ared more t%an 1,000 times
?earin& ra$e, s%e esca$ed by
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G%ate'er t%e ca"ses, ?acebook "sers are tradin& stories o. women assa"#ted in ma## car$arks,
and kni.e6wie#din& robbers tyin& "$ .ami#ies
In A$ri#, a 126year6o#d )"tc% boy was kidna$$ed in broad day#i&%t enterin& %is internationa#
sc%oo# in an "$market K"a#a L"m$"r area, $rom$tin& ot%er sc%oo#s to ram$ "$ sec"rity +e
was .reed a week #ater a.ter a ransom was $aid
Ma##s, o.ten
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-%e .o"r robbers w%o bent t%e &ri##e door in a matter o. seconds, as s%own be#ow, did so at
a$$roimate#y 10$m knowin& t%at t%e residents were inside t%e %o"se -%e scary $art was
t%at t%ey %ad neit%er .ear nor care o. t%e .act t%at t%e residents were sti## awake eit%er
+ome a#arms may be a "se."# deterrent b"t it(s "se#ess i. t%e $er$etrator a#ready %a'e yo" at
ransom -%e %ome owner may be .orced to disarm t%e a#arm w%en %e#d at kni.e$oint or i.
.ami#y members t%reatened A#so, many don(t seem to take a rin&in& %o"se a#arm as serio"s#y
now
55-J is a#so not 'ery "se."# es$ecia##y w%en t%e crimina#s are wearin& a ca$ or .ace masks
or a %e#met wit% 'isor ece$t to #et yo" know w%en and %ow it %a$$ened ?"rt%ermore,
many b"rars %a'e #earned to seek o"t t%e 55-Js and attem$t to destroy, co'er "$, $"s%
away or e'en s$ray $aint t%e 55-J
http://sccarfs.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/sccarfs-crime-in-malaysia.jpg -
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Many $eo$#e were "$set w%en a 216year6o#d nationa# bow#er esca$ed im$risonment recent#y
.or stat"tory ra$e, a.ter t%e a$$ea#s co"rt bo"nd %im o'er .or .i'e yearsinstead .or &ood
be%a'io"r
-%e a$$ea#s co"rt %ad set aside a .i'e6year
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I am a .eminist and be#ie'e t%at a## c%i#dren s%o"#d be $rotected, es$ecia##y .rom se"a#
ab"se
Per$etrators in t%e #ast two cases deser'e t%e %ars%est $"nis%ment #ike im$risonment as t%ey
are c#ear eam$#es o. se"a# ab"se
B"t in t%e bow#er(s case, %e may not %a'e intended to se"a##y ab"se %is &ir#.riend
Bot% boys and &ir#s be#ow t%e a&e o. 18 are #ike#y not mat"re eno"&% to "nderstand t%e
$%ysica# and emotiona# e..ects o. %a'in& se, amon& ot%er t%in&s +ence, t%e a&e o. consent
is necessary to $rotect t%em
Gi## consens"a# se amon& teena&ers be deterred by sendin& t%is bow#er, w%o is bare#y an
ad"#t and can(t e'en 'ote yet, to
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Father seeks justice after young daughters rapist escapes jail
By O$a#yn Mok and Lisa > Ari..in
A"&"st :0, 2012
-%e .at%er .ears t%at ot%er c%i#dren may .a## 'ictim to %is 126year6o#d da"&%ter(s ra$ist !
e"ters $ic
=EO=E -OGN, A"& :0 As $"b#ic $rosec"tors $re$ared to .i#e an a$$ea# %ere, t%e
.at%er o. t%e 126year6o#d &ir# ra$ed by tec%nician 5%"a% ="an >i" is demandin&
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I am rea##y disa$$ointed wit% t%is decision +e /5%"a% s%o"#d %a'e been sent to $rison and
#ocked "$ so t%at %e can(t $rey on ot%er yo"n& &ir#s,4 said t%e distra"&%t 7H6year6o#d odd6
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time a.ter a 5o"rt o. A$$ea# decision re'ersed an ear#ier +i&% 5o"rt r"#in& and bo"nd %im
o'er .or &ood be%a'io"r
G%en contacted by The Malaysian Insider, *%a% A#am MP K%a#id *amad said t%e co"rts(
decision to .ree bot% ra$ists was com$#ete#y "nsatis.actory and "nacce$tab#e4
I am 'ery s"r$rised %ow t%e
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-%e sentence .or stat"tory ra$e is mandatory aC#an Mo%amed mirrored %is co##ea&"e, sayin&@ Accordin& to t%e
#aw t%ey s%o"#d ser'e time4
*o I t%ink t%e co"rt s%o"#d be ob"d&es are rewritin& #aw wit% s"c% decisions
Laws can be c%an&ed, b"t by t%e ri&%t instit"tion #ike Par#iament, and not by t%e
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And accordin& to t%e )ia&nostic and *tatistica# Man"a# o. Menta# )isorders /)*M "sed by
menta# %ea#t% $ro.essiona#s oba##y, $aedo$%i#ia is t%e se"a# attraction to $"bescent or $re6
$"bescents a&ed 1: or yo"n&er, and t%e s"b
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NOG t%at t%eir tria#s are o'er, .ormer nationa# yo"t% s3"ad bow#er Noor A.iCa# ACiCan can
&o on to ."#.i# t%e $romise o. %is bri&%t ."t"re and e#ectrician 5%"a% ="an >i" can .oc"s on
%is .ied "stice a"s *%ari. wrote in %is written
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O"r teena&ers are &rowin& "$ in"ndated wit% o'ert se"a# messa&es .rom t%e media and t%e
Internet, wit%o"t t%e bene.it o. a ."##6.#ed&ed se ed"cation c"rric"#"m, or a'en"es to &et
answers
5#ear#y, o"r yo"n& $eo$#e are %a'in& se wit% eac% ot%er b"t t%ere is a #ine drawn by t%e #aw
And t%at is se wit% &ir#s be#ow 18 c%i#dren is o.. #imits, e'en to t%eir $eers
By #ettin& Noor A.iCa# and 5%"a% o.. #i&%t#y, are t%e co"rts sendin& o"t mied si&na#s
Are t%ey sayin& t%ese two &ir#s a&ed 12 and 1: are ca$ab#e o. &i'in& consent .or se, and
are t%ey sayin& ."t"re &ood be%a'io"r is s"..icient $"nis%ment .or %a'in& se wit% minors
G%at is t%e messa&e t%at teena&e boys and yo"n&er men are &ettin&
At t%e root o. it a##, t%is is abo"t $rotectin& o"r c%i#dren boys and &ir#s
A 126year6o#d &ir# was #"red by a man twice %er a&e into %is .#at, and coaed into %a'in& se
wit% %im, and %e &ot away wit% a $romise to be%a'e %imse#. .or t%e net t%ree years
G%ere does t%at #ea'e %er G%at abo"t %er wort% G%at are we doin& .or t%ese two &ir#s
+ow do we $rotect ot%er nai'e yo"n& &ir#s .rom bein& sweet6ta#ked by an o#der teen into a
se"a# re#ations%i$ i. %e knows %e co"#d be .o"nd &"i#ty o. stat"tory ra$e b"t wa#k away wit%
a $romise to be%a'e
I. we do not "$%o#d "ne3"i'oca##y o"r into#erance o. se wit% "ndera&ed &ir#s, w%at does t%at
say abo"t "s
!elated "tories#
Prosec"tor to ar&"e decision to bind e#ectrician .or t%ree years
=ro"$s disa$$ointed o'er #i&%t sentences
E$erts s$#it o'er re'iew o. consent a&e
No coercion or 'io#ence "sed
5o"rt re#eases written
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT (ICM 2011) PROCEEDING
397
"$C%!&' F$'%!$" &* '+$ ,'$- C.MM%*&' +.%"&*,
-$/$0.PM$*'
Zurinah bt Tahir and Khadijah bt Hussin
Department of Land Administration and Development
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai Malaysia
P"b#ic sa.ety, an im$ortant nationa# a&enda, %as .eat"red $rominent#y in t%e 10 t% Ma#aysia P#an Jario"s
strate&ies
%a'e been .orm"#ated towards creatin& a sa.er en'ironment in w%ic% to #i'e and work 5rime a..ects not on#yt%e
$"b#ic b"t a#so t%e economy -akin& co&niCance o. t%is .act, t%e =o'ernment %as im$#emented 'ario"s$ro&rammes to
red"ce t%e crime rate, and to create a sa.er and more sec"re #i'in& en'ironment -%e de'e#o$ment o. residentia#
$ro$erties "nder t%e =ated 5omm"nity conce$t is considered as one o. t%e most e..ecti'e met%ods to ens"re t%e
sa.ety o. residents E3"i$$ed wit% sec"rity contro#s at a## t%e times, t%is ty$e o. de'e#o$ment co"#d com$#ement
t%e
*a.e -owns%i$ conce$t -%is seminar $a$er disc"sses t%e sec"rity .eat"res in t%e =ated 5omm"nity %o"sin&
de'e#o$ment as meas"res to combat crime in #ine wit% t%e im$#ementation o. t%e *a.e -owns%i$ conce$t
Field of !esearch# Crime; Gated Community; Preventive Measures; Safe Township Concept; Safety; Security.
&*'!.-%C'&.*
-%e *a.e -owns%i$ conce$t in crime $re'ention $ro&rammes $#aces m"c% em$%asis on t%e sec"rity and sa.etyas$ects
o. dai#y #i.e Urban sa.ety iss"es in'o#'e stake%o#ders s"c% as $o#ice, #oca# a"t%orities, residents and #oca#N=Os Not
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on#y are t%e crime rate statistics t%e main indicator .or meas"rin& t%e sa.ety #e'e# o. a town, b"t t%ey can a#soser'e to
red"ce aniety or .ear o. crime amon& t%e residents
A *a.e -owns%i$ is created a#on& t%e $rinci$#es o. s"stainab#e de'e#o$ment, and .oc"ses on t%e $eo$#ecentered
s"stainab#e de'e#o$ment(mode# -%e $#annin& o. a sa.e %o"sin& de'e#o$ment in'o#'es a tri$artite
re#ations%i$ between t%e de'e#o$er, residents and t%e en'ironment *a.e towns%i$s not on#y sa.e&"ard t%e
economy,
b"t t%ey a#so %e#$ to ens"re "nity and socia# we##6bein& />ama#"din M"sta..a, 200H -%is seminar $a$er
disc"sses t%e
sec"rity .eat"res .o"nd in t%e =ated 5omm"nity %o"sin& de'e#o$ment t%at are ado$ted to meet t%e criteria and
$rinci$#es o. t%e *a.e -owns%i$ conce$t
"rina% -a%ir and K%adi
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menta# ca$acity -%e st"dy o. =rant et a# /1;;7 a#so stressed t%e necessity .or 'ario"s de.initions o. a 3"a#ity#i.e
-%is st"dy estab#is%ed t%at a 3"a#ity #i.e arose .rom .o"r dimensions or domains, name#y, /i $%ysica# we##6bein&, /ii
$syc%o#o&ica# we##6bein&, /iii socia# we##6bein& and /i' s$irit"a# we##6bein&
-%e socia# 3"a#ity o. #i.e re.#ects t%e de'e#o$ment o. a co"ntry -%e $eo$#e %a'e t%e ri&%t to a 3"a#ity #i.e
-%e "nderstandin& o. t%e conce$t and meanin& o. a 3"a#ity society may 'ary accordin& to 'ario"s indices o. a
co"ntry G%i#e a 'ariety o. meanin&s and inter$retations eist, t%e 3"a#ity o. #i.e, accordin& to t%e $resent
disc"ssion,
re.ers essentia##y to t%e basic minim"m needs t%at s%o"#d be a'ai#ab#e to t%e resident o. a towns%i$ /Gan oCa#i,
2002 -%ese basic needs are im$ortant in t%e ac3"isition o. a 3"a#ity #i.e and s"stainab#e de'e#o$ment G%ee#er
/1;;9 contended t%at t%e iss"es o. basic needs t%at were o.ten raised in t%e contet o. s"stainab#e de'e#o$ment
were
no #on&er a $rimary &oa# in t%e attainment o. 3"a#ity #i.e Ain"r aireeen /2008 in %er st"dy disc"ssed t%e
iss"es o.
s"stainab#e de'e#o$ment, and t%e iss"es t%at $osed t%e main 3"estions as to %ow a towns%i$ t%at was &reener,
sa.er
and more com.ortab#e mi&%t be ac%ie'ed +ow mi&%t t%e #andsca$e o. a towns%i$ be s%a$ed to ac%ie'e its own
identity w%i#e $rotectin& its comm"nity A## t%ese iss"es $ose a c%a##en&e to makin& a towns%i$ or city #i'eab#ein
t%e #on& r"n, in kee$in& wit% t%e conce$t o. liveale cities.
Strategy for the Developmet of !ate" Comm#$ty Ho#%$g $ the Cote&t of a Safe To'%h$p
In recent times, wa##ed comm"nities estab#is%ed as (&ated and &"arded comm"nities( %a'e become increasiny
$o$"#ar Besides %i&% rise condomini"ms, t%is conce$t is bein& &rad"a##y etended to (#anded &ated
comm"nities( in
many $#aces, inc#"din& t%e United *tates =ated 5omm"niites %a'e since emer&ed in E"ro$e, .rom Port"&a# to
Po#and and *candina'ia /NoraCmin, 200H
As t%e conce$t o. a %o"sin& sc%eme be%ind wa##s is re#ati'e#y new in Ma#aysia, t%ere are no statistics to s%ow
t%e act"a# n"mber o. &ated comm"nities in Ma#aysia Ne'ert%e#ess, t%e recent e$ansion o. &ated comm"nity%o"sin&
in Ma#aysia %as been notab#e, es$ecia##y in t%e #ar&e cities s"c% as K"a#a L"m$"r, Penan&, >o%or Ba%r" andot%er
areas t%at command $remi"m $ro$erty $rices
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In !uala "umpur# there are Gated Community housin$ pro%ects such as Sierramas in Sun$ei &uloh# !a%an$
5o"ntry +omes in Kaaya and -%e Mines in *erdan& /AC#inor, 200 In >o%or Ba%r", simi#ar %o"sin& sc%emes inc#"de Leis"re ?arm
=e#an& Pata% in =e#an& Pata%, -aman B"kit Inda% in P"#ai, *ri P"#ai Utama in *k"dai and *ierra Perdana in-ebra"
-%e =ated 5omm"nity conce$t %as .o"nd a $#ace in t%e %eart o. $ro$erty b"yers, es$ecia##y in t%e "rban
areas A #ot o. t%em $re.er not on#y to %a'e t%eir %o"ses #ocated wit%in t%e =ated 5omm"nity, b"t t%ey a#so
want
t%eir recreationa# s$aces, and $#ay&ro"nds to be $rotected be%ind sec"re wa##s, and t%e entrances and eits o. t%e
%o"sin& area to be contro##ed by sec"rity &"ards
-%e #i'in& en'ironment, w%et%er $romoted as 'ran "ivin$ or as(atural Scenery and )nvironment# %as a
$ower."# draw w%en de$icted as a =ated 5omm"nity #i.esty#e, es$ecia##y one t%at connotes a $resti&eo"scomm"nity
or a recreationa# #i.esty#e /Ismar, 200H -%ese reasons notwit%standin&, t%e main attaction o. t%e =ated
5omm"nity
conce$t is t%e as$ect o. sec"rity, #andsca$ed s"rro"ndin&s and t%e 'ariety o. .aci#ities t%at are a'ai#ab#e toresidents
/5#arke, 2007
-%e =ated 5omm"nity #i.esty#e t%at %as won so many admirers is essentia##y a %o"sin& de'e#o$ment
$rotected by .ences or wa##s -%is %o"sin& conce$t restricts access o. t%e $"b#ic into t%e %o"sin& area, and itre.#ects a
c%oice o. #i'in&, identity and stat"s o. t%e resident It is ar&"ab#y a#so a res$onse to t%e increasin& crime rates in
"rban areas +ence, t%is seminar $a$er disc"sses t%e conce$t o. =ated 5omm"nities t%at o..er 'ario"s sec"rity
.eat"res t%at mi&%t $ro'ide an answer to t%e c"rrent s$ate o. crimes, and t%at .its in we## wit% t%e *a.e -owns%i$
conce$t -%e st"dies t%at wi## be "ndertaken in se'era# se#ected #ocations s"c% as >o%or Ba%r" 5ity can ser'e as
case
st"dies t%at .oc"s on t%e sec"rity as$ects o. comm"nity sec"rity
C.*C$P' .F "$C%!&' &* "F$ '.2*"+&P
-%e iss"e o. $ersona# sa.ety is an as$ect o. t%e nationa# a&enda t%at is 'ery im$ortant and is, accordiny, &i'en
d"e
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em$%asis in t%e 10t% Ma#aysia P#an Jario"s strate&ies %a'e been drawn "$ to s%a$e a #i'in& en'ironment and
comm"nity t%at is sa.er, and t%ere.ore more attracti'e -%e &o'ernment is aware t%at t%e e..ect o. crime %as not
on#y
a..ected society ad'erse#y, it is a#so endan&erin& t%e nationa# economy In 'iew o. t%is, t%e &o'ernment %as
initiated
'ario"s $ro&rammes towards red"cin& t%e crime rate and creatin& a #i'in& en'ironment t%at is sa.er and more
$#easant
-%e +ierarc%y -%eory o. Mas#ow dec#ares t%at t%e e#ement o. sec"rity as t%e second re3"irement w%ic% is
so"&%t in #i.e /?i&"re 1 -%e im$ortance o. sec"rity in #i.e attains $rominence once an indi'id"a# %as ."#.i##ed%is or
%er $%ysio#o&ica# needs, s"c% as s%e#ter, .ood, c#ot%in& and so .ort% /Mas#ow, 1;7
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT (ICM 2011) PROCEEDING
400
?i&"re 1@ Mas#ow(s +ierarc%y o. Needs -%eory s%owin& t%e more basic needs at t%e bottom
*o"rce@ Mas#ow, 1;7
Step% $ Cr$me Prevet$o $ the Safe To'%h$p Programme
-%ere are 2: ste$s in t%e t%ree strate&ies o. t%e *a.e -owns%i$ Pro&ramme .or im$#ementation by t%e #oca#
a"t%orities, de$artments and tec%nica# a&encies, and t%epulic. The steps are as follows*
'able 3# "teps in Crime Prevention in the "afe 'ownship Program
"'!'$, "'$P" F.! C!&M$ P!$/$*'&.*
Strategy () De%$g$g the Phy%$*al
Ev$romet
*te$16*e$arate $edestrian wa#kways .rom motorways
*te$26Pre$are bo##ards
*te$:65ontro# $#ants "sed in #andsca$in& aro"nd
$edestrian wa#kways
*te$76esearc% in crime $re'ention
t%ro"&% en'ironmenta# )esi&nin&
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*te$6*%arin& o. crime in.ormation t%ro"&% =I*6based
ma$$in&
*te$86e'iew o. &"ide#ines .or %o"sin& #ayo"t
Strategy +) Stregthe$g the
target area ,target har"e$g-
*te$H6*et "$ Po#icePondo+
*te$96Insta## crime reminder notice boards
*te$;6Insta## sa.ety mirrors
*te$106Insta## sec"rity a#arm
Need .or se#. act"a#isation
Need .or esteem
Basic $%ysio#o&ica# needs
Need .or sa.ety
Need .or #o'eQbe#on&in&
*$irit"a#
needs
*ocia# needs
P%ysio#o&ica#
needs
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT (ICM 2011) PROCEEDING
401
*te$116-idy "$ o'er&rown s%r"bbery and areas %idden
.rom 'iew
*te$126Pro'ide #ocked motorcyc#e $ark
*te$1:6Insta## c#osed circ"it te#e'ision /55-J
*te$176Insta## #i&%tin& a#on& .i'e6.oot ways /wa#kways
o. commercia# areas
*te$16Ens"re wa#kways are not %idden .rom 'iew o.
$assersby
*te$186Bri&%ten "$ areas w%ere $eo$#e con&re&ate
*te$1H6)isa##ow %awkers and 'e%ic#e $arkin& a#on&
.i'e6.oot ways and $edestrian wa#kways
*te$196Estab#is% 'ario"s tradin& acti'ities
*te$1;6En&a&e commercia# sec"rity ser'ice
Strategy .) Implemet So*$al /
Comm#$ty A*t$v$t$e% a"
P#0l$* A'aree%% Lear$g
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*te$206?aci#itate #earnin&
*te$216Insta## #i&%tin& in side#anes and in t%e .ront and
rear o. %o"ses
*te$226Pre$are a 5omm"nity 5rime +andbook
*te$2:6Increase $o#ice $atro# in %o"sin& areas
*o"rce* )e$artment o. -own and 5o"ntry P#annin&, Ma#aysia 2010
C.*C$P'%0 F!M$2.!4
Positive paradigm
5asic belief Focus Methodology
Meas"rab#e conce$ts
"antitati'e met%ods
?oc"s on t%e .acts
)etermine ca"see..ect
re#ations%i$s
between t%e 'ariab#es
Use t%e ded"cti'e
a$$roac%
-%e obser'er is
"nrestricted
-%e wor#d is ob
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1ETHODOLO!Y
Ca%e St#"y
A 5ase *t"dy a$$roac% was ado$ted .or t%is st"dy -%e com$i#ation o. data was made t%ro"&% #iterat"re searc%,
inter'iews wit% re$resentati'es .rom t%e -own P#annin& )e$artment and a#so .rom secondary so"rces, inc#"din&
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sec"rity cameras /c#osed circ"it te#e'ision 55-J, sec"rity &"ard $atro#, 27 %o"r sec"rity contro# and &"ard6%o"se
"P$C' C.MP.*$*'6 7%"'&F&C'&.*
i 5oundary fence =ated 5omm"nity %o"sin& is desi&ned wit% $erimeter .encin& and #andsca$in& t%at
restricts 'iew .rom t%e o"tside-%e .ence or wa## restricts entry into t%e =ated
5omm"nity and contro#s t%e incidence o. crime wit%in t%e comm"nityEntrances
wit% boom barriers are $o$"#ar in .aci#itatin& t%e screenin& o. 'isitors to t%e =ated
5omm"nity esidents are iss"ed entry $asses by t%e comm"nity or sec"rity
mana&ement .or t%e $"r$ose o. sec"rity contro#esidents wit% access $asses t%at
are a$$ro$riate#y e#ectronica##y encoded %a'e access into t%e =ated
5omm"nity5ertain =ated 5omm"nities contro# entry t%ro"&% t%e "se o. stickers
.or residents( cars or motorcyc#es
ii1 "ecurity
guardhouse
-%e &"ard%o"se is b"i#t near t%e a"tomatic boom barrier at t%e main road o. t%e
=ated 5omm"nity to .aci#itate t%e d"ties o. t%e sec"rity &"ards
iii1 &ntercom system -%e intercom system is a means by w%ic% to re&"#ate and $re'ent o"tsiders .rom
enterin& t%e =ated 5omm"nity Eac% %o"sin& "nit is .itted wit% an intercom system
connected to t%e &"ard%o"se .or t%e con'enience o. t%e residents -%e intercom
system enab#es residents to comm"nicate wit% t%e sec"rity &"ard%o"se to 'a#idate
t%eir 'isitors and to re3"est assistance in t%e case o. emer&encies, wit%o"t %a'in& to
&o to t%e &"ard%o"se
iv1 CC'/ system -%e 55-J system is insta##ed to en%ance t%e e..ecti'eness o. sec"rity contro# -%e
sec"rity &"ard needs on#y to 'iew t%e ima&es on t%e 55-J monitor wit%o"t t%e
need .or .re3"ent $atro#s in t%e %o"sin& area -%is system is insta##ed at eac%
entrance and eit in t%e %o"sin& area, as we## as at ot%er strate&ic #ocations to
monitor and record $ersons enterin& or eitin& -%is indirect#y %e#$s t%e $o#ice in
identi.yin& s"s$ects in t%e e'ent o. any "ndesired incidents, s"c% as t%e.t or %o"sebreakin&
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT (ICM 2011) PROCEEDING
403
v1 "ecurity guard
patrol
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Patro#s in t%e =ated 5omm"nity are sti## re3"ired e'en w%en intercom and 55-J
.aci#ities are insta##ed -%e sec"rity &"ard on $atro# sees .or %imse#. t%e sit"ation in
t%e act"a# s"rro"ndin&s *ec"rity &"ards norma##y $atro# t%e =ated 5omm"nity in
s%i.ts Eac% $atro# session may #ast : %o"rs -%e $atro#s are aimed at ens"rin&
sec"rity wit%in t%e =ated 5omm"nity
vi1 89 hour security
control
-%e sec"rity ser'ice o$erates 27 %o"rs a day *ec"rity &"ards norma##y work in
s%i.ts-%e sec"rity &"ard "s"a##y assists in attendin& to t%e 55-J monitor t%at is
#oacted at t%e entrance*ec"rity &"ards are re3"ired to be re&istered wit% t%e
Ministry o. +ome A..airs and re#ated a&encies
C.*C0%"&.*
-%e conce$t o. =ated 5omm"nity %o"sin& in $ro$erty de'e#o$ment is considered one o. t%e most e..ecti'emeas"res
to maintain $ersona# sa.ety in a residentia# area =ated 5omm"nities t%at .eat"re ."##6time sec"rity ser'icesreconci#e
wit% t%e as$irations o. t%e *a.e -owns%i$ conce$t t%at is based on t%e tenet t%at crime $re'ention is better t%ancrime
eradication( -%is a$$roac% to crime $re'ention $rom"#&ates t%e sa.e en'ironment as bein& t%e key to crime
red"ction
C4*.20$-,$M$*'"
esearc% on t%e sec"rity .eat"res in t%e &ated comm"nity %o"sin& de'e#o$ment is s"$$orted by a ama#a% and
Instit"tiona# *c%o#ars%i$ o. Uni'ersiti -ekno#o&i Ma#aysia -%e a"t%ors t%ank )r K%adi
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AC#inor *".ian dan A%mad Ibra%im /200- "e$al Perspective n Gated Communities In MalaysiaInternationa#
5on.erence o. -%e Asian P#annin& *c%oo# Association Uni'ersity =#asow
5#arke, P /2007,evelopin$ a Gated Community *eminar =ated and ="arded 5omm"nities, 1H A$ri# 2007,
+ote#
Istana in K"a#a L"m$"r
?errans, 5 5 /1;;0 /uality of life* Conceptual issues. *eminars in Onco#ody N"rsin& 8@ 279627
=rant, M, ?erre##, B , R *ak"rai, 5 /1;;7,efinin$ the spiritul dimension of 0uality of life assessment in
one
marrow transplant survivors. Onco#ody N"rsin& ?or"m 21 /2@ :H86:99
>ama#"din M"sta..a /200H-spe+ !eselamatan -wam ,alam Pementu+an &andar Selamat ,i Malaysia.B"k"
-esis P%) Uni'ersiti *ains Ma#aysia
Mas#ow, A /1;7Motivation and Personality.New ork@ +ar$er R ow
Ma#aysia "a#ity o. Li.e e$ort /1;;;
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
GATED COMMUNITY AND GUARDED NEIGHBOURHOOD PLANNING
GUIDELINES
THE DEFINITION OF GATED AND GUARDED COMMUNITY
1. Gated Communt!" #GC$ de%nton&
GC is defined as a group of residents or community who live in a guarded
fenced area whether in high-rise property such as apartment, condominium
and town-house or in landed property such as bungalow, terrace or detached
houses. However, the understanding of gated community in Malaysia is more
focused on groups of residents or community who live in landed property with
strata title. The development of GC is consistent with the provisions of section
6 (1A) of the Strata Titles Act 1985 (Act 318)
'. Gua(ded Ne)*+ou(*ood" #GN$ de%nton&
GN is defined as a residential area controlled in whole or in part in the
scheme of the existing housing or new land holdings with individual land title.
GN scheme provides with or without guard security services. In terms of the
law, it cannot have physical barriers on public streets and enforce any entry
and exit restrictions to the residents and the public.
The presence of GN is not based on the provisions of any law or regulation. It
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only exists on an 'ad-hoc' basis with the agreement of residents in a
neighbourhood to make their neighbourhood a guarded area.
USE OF GUARD AND RESTRICTIONS AT THE ENTRANCE
,. I- t an o%%ene to u-e a -eu(t! )ua(d at t*e ent(ane o%(e-denta/
a(ea-&
The use of guards to regulate the safety of individual home or certain
residential areas in some housing schemes is not contrary to the law,
provided that they comply with the requirements / conditions set by the
Ministry of Home Affairs (KDN). There was a special circular formulated in
2006 by the Ministry of Home Affairs, ie Private Agency Circular Bil. 1 Year
2006 and Private Agency Circular Bil. 2 Year 2006.
(Please refer to: moha.gov.my)
0. *at an +e done to add(e-- t*e 2de-3(ead 3(o+/em o%(e-t(ton- to
3(e4ent t*e 3u+/ %(om ente(n) *ou-n) a(ea- 2** a(e notde4e/o3ed
unde( t*e St(ata Tt/e- At 1567 #At ,16$&
The existing laws of the Road Transport Act 1987 (section 80) and the Street,
Drainage and Building Act 1974 (section 46 (1)) explicitly prevents the
installation of barriers at the entrance or in public access areas, including the
lane edge and alley behind the residence. The only obstacle allowed is in the
form of temporary physical restrictions, such as 'manual boom gate', safety
cones and signs that can be considered to be installed or placed in a specific
location at the entrance facing the guard, provided there are security guards
on duty for 24 hours.
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At the same time, security guards who are appointed shall not restrict or
prevent the entry of occupants or the public to the housing scheme which is
not 'landed strata'. The current practice of requiring the public to submit
identification documents (especially the driving license and identity card) is
not consistent with the provisions of the law. In this case, the occupants or the
public should report to the authorities, especially the police.
7. *at - t*e aton ta8en a)an-t Re-dent- A--oaton %o(/o-n) t*e
-t(eet- and +a8 /ane- n (e-denta/ a(ea- t*at a%%et t*emo4ement o%
3eo3/e a- 2e// a- am+u/ane9 3o/e 3at(o/ and %(e %)*te(-&
As described, the closure of the back alley / lane edge is an offence under the
Road Transport Act 1987 and the Street, Drainage and Building Act 1974. In
this case, the occupants or the public should report to the local authorities
concerned.
:. Doe- t*e Go4e(nment *a4e a 3o/! to dea/ 2t* (e-t(ton- on3u+/
(oad- t*at a(e e;e--4e and a)an-t t*e /a2&
To address this problem in the long term, the Ministry of Housing and Local
Government (KPKT) has suggested that local authorities formulate By-Laws
(By-Laws) to facilitate enforcement carried out on neighbourhood resident
associations that operate or act against the provisions of the By-Laws or the
provisions of other laws in place.
CONTROL OF ESTABLISHMENT FOR GUARDED NEIGHBOURHOOD#GN$
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+u-ne-- a(ea-. I- t a//o2ed&
The draft guidelines strictly do not authorise the establishment and operation
of GN in a neighbourhood where there are components of public facilities
such as schools, mosques, community halls and so on, and if it is the public
bus transportation routes.
6. *at % t*e(e a(e 3eo3/e 2*o d-a)(ee 2t* t*e e-ta+/-*mento% t*e GN
-*eme. Can t*e (e-dent-= a--oaton 3(e4ent t*e( ent(! ntot*e(
(e-denta/ 3(o3e(t!&
The draft guidelines have outlined that any proposal to establish GN has to
obtain the approval of majority of people (heads of households), subject to no
coercion and pressure on people who do not agree. In this case, people who
disagree should not be forced to pay maintenance fees or for security guards.
PROBLEM BUILDING THE GUARD HOUSE
5. Can t*e )ua(d *ou-e +e +u/t on a 3u+/ ae-- (oad9e-3ea//! n t*e
mdd/e o% t*e man ent(ane9 n t*e GN -*eme&
The draft guidelines do not allow the construction of guard houses in the
middle of the main entrance of the GN scheme area. Guard houses are only
allowed to be built at road shoulder and should not obstruct traffic. If the
proposed guard house building is a permanent structure, applicants
(residents association) need to apply for approval of the Temporary
Occupation License (TOL) from the District Land Office (PTD) concerned.
This rule is consistent with the provisions of section 65, the National Land
Code 1965 (Act 56).
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Guard house size must not exceed 1.8 meters X 2.4 meters. The proposed
guard house designs must be submitted to the Local Authority (Building
Division) for a temporary permit or approval for the construction of a guard
house. Guardhouse can be built only after obtaining a temporary construction
permit or approval from local authorities.
PERIMETER FENCING
1>. I- 3e(mete( %enn) a//o2ed at a(ea- 2t*n t*e GN -*eme&
The guidelines do not allow the construction of the fence (perimeter fencing)
around the boundary of the GN scheme neighbourhood. This is because the
installation of fences in the area of GN involves public road reserves, unlike
the GC scheme which is built on private land (the main lot of 'landed strata').
ENFORCEMENT ON E?ISTING GN SCHEME
11. // aton +e ta8en on e;-tn) )ua(ded ne)*+ou(*ood-*eme- t*at
a(e o3e(atn) a)an-t t*e d(a%t )ude/ne-&
The guidelines for Gated Community and Guarded Neighbourhood approved
by the Cabinet and MNKT, are generally applicable to the new GN schemes.
For the old scheme, action such as the demolition of fences, guard houses
and automated boom gate will not be done immediately and in a hurry. Action
will be carried out selectively on the existing GN scheme that install barriers to
obstruct the movement of residents and to prevent the entry of authorities
vehicles, particularly fire fighters and ambulance. In this case, local authorities
need to play an effective role effectively so that the current issues will not
cause further difficulties or affect the publics safety and peace.
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1'. *en 2// t*e /a2- o( (e)u/aton- (e/atn) to )ated and)ua(ded
ommunte- n (e-denta/ a(ea- +e e%%et4e&
So far, the federal government does not intend to enact a special law relating
to the GN scheme. The drafting of the guidelines is seen to be sufficient to
drive the State Authority, local authorities, relevant agencies, developers and
residents' associations in developing the GC scheme and establishing the GN
scheme. However, the government (through KPKT) will refine the matters
relating to the drafting of by-law (By-laws) by the local authorities to ensure
that the processes, procedures and enforcement actions can be made more
effective.
At the federal level, the draft guidelines are to be enforced on the date of
approval by the National Council for Local Government (MNKT) which is on
2nd September 2010. However, it will involve a process of gradual adoption by
the state authorities in Peninsular Malaysia and the authorities in the Federal
Territory. At the state level, these guidelines will be presented at the Meeting
of the State Planning Committee in each state to be adopted and enforced at
the state level and the local authorities.
PROBLEM ITH MAINTENANCE FEES
1,. I- t*e(e a -!-tem to en-u(e t(an-3a(en! and Re-dent-"A--oaton
and Gated Communt! a- 2e// a- to 3(e4ent em+e@@/ement o%Re-dent-=
A--oaton" %und- and t*e a+u-e o% 3o2e( +! ommtteemem+e(-&
Matters relating to the transparency of Residents Association of 'Gated
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Community' and prevention of embezzlement of residents association funds
are not outlined in the guidelines that have been enacted. However, some of
the issues raised have been dealt with in the Building and Common Property
(Maintenance and Management) Act 2007 (Act 663) which apply legislatively
to the development and management of the 'gated community' that is
developed under the Strata Titles Act 1985 (Act 318 ).
In this case, members of residents association can lodge a complaint or
report to the relevant authorities according to existing law, if there is evidence
of fraud and abuse of power by the appointed residents' association.
Note The list of FAQs above refers to questions that are frequently asked by the
public, residents' associations and the media as well as questions raised in the
House of Representatives and the Senate during the years 2009-2010.
For any questions, please contact:
Director
Research and Development
Town and Country Planning Department
Peninsular Malaysia
Tel: 03-2699 2172
Fax: 03-2693 3964
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: http://www.townplan.gov.my
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+ere we take a #ook at %ow to mana&e yo"r time e..ecti'e#y -%e 3"otes are .rom st"dents at
Midd#ese Uni'ersity w%o %a'e been t%ro"&% t%e same e$erience
Make a timetable
I. yo"('e come to "ni'ersity .rom sc%oo#, it can be a s%ock to .ind t%at yo" a#one are
res$onsib#e .or or&anisin& yo"r st"dy time t%ere(s no one now to na& yo" abo"t %omeworkS
It(s a#so easy .or t%e day to &et swa##owed "$ by ot%er commitments Makin& a timetab#e
%e#$s yo" identi.y $eriods o. $otentia# st"dy time
It can o.ten be di..ic"#t to se#.6moti'ate, so a &ood strate&y may be to make "$ a ro"&%
timetab#e o. yo"r week, w%ic% a##ocates s$eci.ic time s#ots w%ere yo" s%o"#d sit down and do
some st"dyin&
Ens"re t%at t%is time is 3"a#ity time w%ere yo" can rea##y concentrate, away .rom .ami#y and
.riends, t%e -J or t%e radio4
'hink ahead
It(s tem$tin& to a'oid an assi&nment "nti#
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Git% t%e cost o. a "ni'ersity de&ree risin&, many st"dents take on a $aid
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T$me 1aagemet For U$ver%$ty St#"et%
-%e &rand to"r o. yo"r time be&ins %ere and now o" as a st"dent %a'e s$ecia# time
concerns and "ni3"e $ers$ecti'es on 'ario"s as$ects o. time mana&ement Many o. yo"r
acti'ities are sc%ed"#ed .or yo" as #ect"res, t"toria#s and #ab times are o" may .ind
t%o"&%, a s"bstantia# c%"nk o. yo"r time is .#eib#e b"t m"st sti## be a##ocated to t%in&s
#ike %omework, comm"tin&, a $art6time
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$er$#ein& &ood time mana&ement can rea##y be Not to worry, we wi## be workin&
t%ro"&% a## .o"r o. t%ese 3"estions t%ro"&%o"t t%e co"rse o. t%e %ando"t startin& wit%
F+a'e yo" set yo"r &oa#sF
Have You Set Your Goals?
By en&a&in& in a $ro&ram o. st"dy in a "ni'ersity yo" are embarkin& on a
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con'er&ent $rob#emsT t%at is, t%ey re3"ire yo" to work on a w%o#e b"nc% o. acti'ities t%at
e'ent"a##y con'er&e as yo" reac% t%e &oa# 5onsider .or instance t%e &oa# o. obtainin&
yo"r de&ree -%is &oa# can be broken down into .o"r s"b6&oa#s Eac% s"b6&oa# is t%e
s"ccess."# com$#etion o. one year o. yo"r $ro&ram -%ese s"b6&oa#s can be ."rt%er
broken down into indi'id"a# co"rses wit%in eac% year -%e co"rses can be broken down
into tests, eams, term $a$ers and s"c% wit%in t%e co"rse, and .ina##y down to yo"r
%omework .or toni&%t -%ere is an "nbroken $at% between t%e %omework t%at yo" do
toni&%t and yo"r con'ocation ceremony -%e trick is to stay on t%e $at%
As an eam$#e o. %ow to break &oa#s down into t%eir com$onent $arts consider
yo"rse#. as a .irst year st"dent in Introd"ction to Microeconomics As $art o. yo"r #ar&er
&oa# str"ct"re yo" want to ac%ie'e a B in t%is economics co"rse A## o. t%e work .or t%e
co"rse %as been com$#eted ece$t .or t%e .ina# eamination and yo"r c"rrent a'era&e is a
B *o, a## yo" need to do is &et a B on t%e .ina# and yo" &et a B in t%e co"rse +ow
do yo" $re$are .or t%is .ina# Ge##, consider breakin& down t%e work into #o&ica##y
se$arate "nits -%ree $ossib#e com$onents mi&%t be@
completing a review of the first terms work
completing a review of the first half of the second terms work
complete the review prolems and practice test that your professor
distriuted in class!
"#ALSugoal Sugoal
Sugoal Sugoal Sugoal Sugoal Sugoal Sugoal
"#ALSugoal Sugoal
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Sugoal Sugoal Sugoal Sugoal Sugoal Sugoal
-%e $oint %ere is not to $re$are yo" .or a microeconomics eam b"t to demonstrate
t%e breakdown o. a s"b6&oa# into sma##er, more concrete acti'ities =enera##y s$eakin&
t%e sma##er t%e c%"nks, t%e more easy and $rod"cti'e yo"r $#annin& wi## be
By now yo" are $robab#y wonderin& w%at a## o. t%is breakin& down o. &oa#s %as to do
wit% Ge##, ad yo" askedS -%e $"r$ose o. t%e breakin& down o. &oa#s into s"b6&oa#s
and t%eir com$onent $arts is to be c#ear abo"t w%at yo" s%o"#d be doin& Ge are
constant#y bombarded by o$$ort"nities and o$tions o. w%at to do wit% o"r time Most o.
o"r time be#ie'e it or not is s$ent in tryin& to decide w%at to do netS Ja&"e &oa#s are
o.ten at t%e %eart o. t%e most dreaded o. time mana&ement no6no(s 6 $rocrastination B"t
i. yo" %a'e c#ari.ied yo"r $"r$ose in ad'ance yo" can &et to it -%e net section wi##
describe in detai# %ow we can &et sidetracked into doin& t%in&s t%at arent rea##y t%at
im$ortant
What Is Your Time Perspetive?Ear#ier, we ta#ked abo"t %ow yo" de.ine yo"r rea#ity by t%e decisions and actions o.
today o"r time $ers$ecti'e is $art o. t%at rea#ity +a'e yo" e'er noticed %ow $eo$#e
w%o %a'e &oa#s and are serio"s abo"t t%eir ."t"re take &reat care to "se t%eir time we##
-%ese $eo$#e seem to consider time a $recio"s commodity and reso"rce to be a##ocated to
a$$ro$riate ends, and on#y a.ter care."# consideration -%is is in s%ar$ contrast to t%e
wanderin& masses o. $eo$#e w%o are con."sed, #ost and "n.oc"sed -%ese $eo$#e do not
consider time as a commodity or a reso"rce b"t sim$#y as a meas"rement o. %ow o#d
somet%in& is or w%en somet%in& is &oin& to %a$$en -%ese di..erin& 'iew$oints are bot%
&enerated by t%e &oa#s or #ack o. t%em o. t%e $eo$#e in 3"estion )e'e#o$in& a $ersona#
sensiti'ity to t%e 'a#"e o. yo"r time is easy Its a nat"ra# o"t&rowt% o. %a'in& &oa#s
Ima&ine yo" %ad one more day to #i'e Go"#dnt e'ery min"te s"dden#y become
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c%eris%ed and "nwasted *ince none o. "s rea##y knows %ow m"c% time we %a'e it
wo"#d make sense to consider o"r time to be o. #imited s"$$#y and &reat 'a#"e Bein& o.
#imited s"$$#y, o"r time s%o"#d be s$ent on some t%in&s w%i#e ot%er t%in&s s%o"#d be
a'oided -o know w%ic% is w%ic%, we## disc"ss a .ew cr"cia# s$ectra o. time "se
inc#"din& im$ortance and "r&ency, e..ecti'eness and e..iciency, and t%e Pareto Princi$#e
Achieve a $% in
Microeconomics
&inal '(am
)omplete review
of first term*s work
)omplete review
of first half of
second term*s
work
)omplete review
prolems and
practice test
Achieve a $% in
Microeconomics
&inal '(am
)omplete review
of first term*s work
)omplete review
of first half of
second term*s
work
)omplete review
prolems and
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practice test
&mportance and %rgency
A %e#$."# strate&y in c#ari.yin& yo"r $resent time $ers$ecti'e is to t%ink o. yo"r
acti'ities in terms o. im$ortance and "r&ency -%e dia&ram, dis$#ayin& a &rid o. .o"r
3"adrants, re$resents di..erent b#ends o. im$ortant and "r&ent acti'ities
-%e #ower6#e.t 3"adrant .or instance re$resents acti'ities t%at yo" en&a&e in t%at are
neit%er im$ortant nor "r&ent As t%e "r&ency increases /towards t%e #ower6ri&%t we
o.ten .ind o"rse#'es doin& t%in&s
.aster and more %"rried#y Be
care."# t%o"&% -%at does not
mean t%at t%ese t%in&s are more
im$ortant -%e "$$er6#e.t
3"adrant contains t%in&s t%at are
%i&% in im$ortance and #ow in
"r&ency, and t%e 3"adrant in t%e
"$$er6ri&%t corner re$resents
acti'ities t%at are %i&% in bot%
"r&ency and im$ortance Let(s
brie.#y consider eac% o. t%ese
3"adrants in t"rn
*ot &mportant *or %rgent
o" are $robab#y askin& yo"rse#. w%y anyone wo"#d en&a&e in acti'ities t%at are
neit%er im$ortant nor "r&ent, b"t yo" wo"#d be amaCed to .ind o"t
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c%attin& on t%e $%one 6 be care."# o" mi&%t be en&a&in& in acti'ities t%at %a'e not%in&
at a## to do wit% yo"r &oa#s )oin& t%in&s t%at are neit%er im$ortant nor "r&ent does not
make sense
*ot &mportant 5ut %rgent
En&a&in& in tasks t%at are "r&ent b"t not rea##y im$ortant is a $otentia##y dan&ero"s
be%a'io"r Ima&in& .ee#in& r"s%ed and $ress"red to &et somet%in& done w%i#e yo" t%ink
abo"t %ow "se#ess t%e task rea##y is Ad'ertisers #o'e takin& ad'anta&e o. o"r nat"ra#
tendency to act on "r&ency -%ey te## "s to b"y now and sa'eS4 or to s%o$ soon t%ere
are on#y a .ew days #e.tS4 -%e "n.ort"nate tendency is to misinter$ret "r&ency .or
im$ortance B"t t%ere is a sim$#e so#"tion to t%is $rob#em I. yo" are .ee#in& %"rried,
sto$ .or a moment and ask t%e .o##owin& 3"estion@ G%at wo"#d be t%e conse3"ences to
me i. I dont do t%is -%e answer to t%is 3"estion wi## $"t t%e acti'ities im$ortance and
"r&ency into $ers$ecti'e Ur&ency %as a $ersona# dimension and it is cr"cia# t%at we
"nderstand to w%om t%e "r&ency rea##y a$$#ies O.ten, t%e conse3"ences to yo" are so
sma## t%at it seems ridic"#o"s to contin"e to do t%e acti'ity
+mportant ut ot
Urgent
+mportant and Urgent
ot +mprtant nor
Urgent
ot +mportant ut
Urgent
+mportance
Urgency
&mportant 5ut *ot %rgent
-%e acti'ities t%at .a## into t%is 3"adrant tend to be tricky "ite o.ten we $"t o.. "nti#
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tomorrow a 'ery im$ortant acti'ity on#y to en&a&e in somet%in& #ess im$ortant and more
"r&ent Lets be %onest, one o. t%e most im$ortant acti'ities st"dents .ace is st"dyin& .or
eams t%ro"&% re&"#ar re'iews, b"t %ow many st"dents do it wit% #ots o. time to s$are
-%e 'ery best time to start st"dyin& .or a .ina# eam is t%e .irst day o. c#ass, b"t many
st"dents .ind a t%ird re6r"n o. a sit"ation comedy on te#e'ision more com$e##in& Its
yo"r c%oice to make as to w%ic% 3"adrant to be in, b"t be s"re o. yo"r reasons .or doin&
w%at yo" do
&mportant nd %rgent
Acti'ities t%at are bot% "r&ent and
im$ortant are readi#y acted on by most
st"dents In t%is 3"adrant we .ind t%in&s
#ike st"dyin& .or eams a .ew days be.ore
c#ass, ty$in& "$ a ma
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becomes "r&ent makes #ess and #ess sense as somet%in& becomes more im$ortant -ake
.or instance two rea#6#i.e eam$#esT .inancia# $#annin& and marria&e Go"#d it make any
sense to be&in yo"r retirement sa'in&s $#an a .ew weeks be.ore yo" t"rn 8, or %ow
abo"t tryin& to &et to know yo"r .iancVe a .ew days be.ore &ettin& married -%ese two
eam$#es dis$#ay %ow stran&e it seems to try to cram mont%s and years o. acti'ities into a
.ew days Not on#y wo"#d yo" retire wit%o"t eno"&% money to #i'e, b"t yo" wo"#d marry
a 'irt"a# stran&er I. t%ese eam$#es make sense to yo", yo" wi## rea#iCe %ow .oo#is% it is
to try to cram yo"r st"dies too
$ffectiveness and $fficiency
Let yo"r ima&ination wander .or a moment and ima&ine t%at yo" are t%e director o. an
e$edition o. e$#orers makin& yo"r way t%ro"&% dense
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comple( and involved you will recogni-e
that the .night efore approach will fail!
+t ecomes more and more difficult to do
an entire term paper at the last minute!
ec#aimin& we m"st contin"e this way4 -%e b"s%w%ackin& &"ide %earin& t%is t"rns and
a$$roac%es t%e two o. yo" .rom t%e .ront +e &aCes to t%e nort%6east momentari#y and
ec#aims -%at(s t%e densest
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e..ecti'eness and e..iciency
Let(s consider eac% in t"rn
%nimportant 'hings -one Poorly ;0ow $ffectiveness< 0ow $fficiency
emember t%e e$edition yo" were on )oin& "nim$ortant t%in&s $oor#y wo"#d be
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Done 0oorly
+mportant Things
Done 0oorly
'fficiency
'ffectiveness
%nimportant 'hings -one 2ell ; 0ow $ffectiveness< +igh $fficiency
Ge a## #ike to recei'e con&rat"#ations .or a
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yo" %a'e &one o'er t%e materia#
eno"&% to be so .ami#iar wit% it
t%at, come test time, yo" aren(t
."mb#in& aro"nd wit% t%e
conce$ts, drawin& b#anks and
r"nnin& o"t o. time
Plannin$ and Shedulin$
*o .ar we %a'e disc"ssed t%e im$ortance o. knowin& w%at to do and w%en Ge %a'e
disc"ssed t%e im$ortance o. settin& &oa#s and knowin& %ow to break t%em down into
sma##er, more mana&eab#e acti'ities -%en we c%a##en&ed yo" to t%ink abo"t t%ese
acti'ities in terms o. im$ortance and "r&ency, e..ecti'eness
and e..iciency, and Pareto(s Princi$#e -%e net section
a##ows yo" to take a## o. yo"r wonder."# %o$es, as$irations
and dreams and make t%em %a$$en +ow *im$#eS
emember %ow we disc"ssed im$ortance and "r&ency, and
we said t%at we can &et side6tracked by t%e "r&ent and
"nim$ortant t%in&s Ge##, in t%e .o##owin& $a&es yo" wi##
#earn a ste$6by6ste$ met%od o. %ow to &et contro# o'er yo"r
time and kee$ it By #earnin& to "se a str"ct"red, detai#ed $#anner #ike t%e one "sed in
t%is $ro&ram, yo"(## be de'e#o$in& a set o. ski##s t%at yo" wi## carry wit% yo" w%ere'er
yo" &o, e'en #on& a.ter yo" &rad"ate *o, #et(s &et started 6 s%a## we
Paretos Priority Pu==ler
It(s 3"iC time at t%e Learnin& *ki##s Pro&ramme
=i'e Pareto(s $riority $"CC#er a try and see %ow we##
yo" do -%e 3"estion is@ 1hat percenta$e of wa+in$
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time does the avera$e university student spend on
important tas+s2
-%e s"r$risin& answer to t%is 3"estion can be
.o"nd at t%e end o. t%is doc"ment
Thou$ht %or the da!)
Time flies whether you
wastefully spend it on
frivolous things, or
whether you carefully
invest it in your goals!
No one rea##y wants to be t%e kind o. $erson t%at wastes 90W o. t%eir time Most o. "s
set o"t to "se time e..ecti'e#y, b"t %ow many o. "s "se met%ods t%at we know wi## work
Now i. yo" are not com$#ete#y con.ident in yo"r $resent a$$roac%, yo" wi## want to
ens"re t%at t%e too#s yo" c%oose wi## b"i#d t%e ."t"re yo" want Ge are &oin& to
introd"ce yo" to 7 too#sT a Mont%#y P#anner, a Geek#y Ob
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meetin& Or w%en t%e t"ition .ees were d"e Or w%en yo"r 'acations are o" can
ima&ine t%e c%aosS Ima&ine i. yo" sto$$ed $#annin& in a## t%e ot%er areas o. yo"r #i.e as
we## Or worse, ima&ine w%at t%e wor#d wo"#d be #ike i. e'eryone sto$$ed $#annin&
Now wit% t%is ima&e in mind, consider %ow m"c% e..ecti'e $#annin& yo" are a#ready
doin& It s%o"#d be ob'io"s t%at yo" are a#ready doin& 3"ite a bit etra o" mi&%t not
%a'e rea##y t%o"&%t abo"t it as $#annin&, b"t it is $#annin& nonet%e#ess -%e amo"nt o.
$#annin& t%at yo" %a'e done "$ "nti# now %as res"#ted direct#y in yo"r $resent state
Now, &i'en t%e ass"m$tion t%at yo" wo"#d #ike to im$ro'e yo"r time mana&ement
abi#ities we are &oin& to ask yo" to do more $#annin& A.ter some $ractice yo" wi## .ind
t%at t%is ad'anced $#annin& wi## become as common $#ace and e..ort#ess as yo"r re&"#ar
$#annin& 6 ece$t t%at yo"r res"#ts wi## be 'ery di..erent Ima&ine ne'er .or&ettin& an
im$ortant task or date, or ima&ine t%e con.idence t%at yo" wi## .ee# knowin& t%at yo"
"nderstand a## t%e materia# in a co"rse or #ect"re, or better yet, ima&ine knowin&
e'eryt%in& yo" need to know .or an eam 6 and knowin& t%at yo" know it o" mi&%t
t%ink t%at t%is is $ie in t%e sky b"t not on#y is it $ossib#e, it is rea#istic w%en yo" %a'e a
we## t%o"&%t o"t $#an
'he Monthly Planner
-%e mont%#y $#anner is somet%in& t%at many st"dents "se In addition to t%e days o.
t%e week and mont% are minima# markin& st"dents add on, s"c% as d"e dates .or
assi&nments and essays, a#on&side dates o. tests and eams, and im$ortant a$$ointments,
anni'ersaries, birt%days, %o#idays, 'acations and so on
-o e$#oit its ."## $otentia# as a $#annin& too# it(s im$ortant to rea#iCe t%at t%e mont%#y
$#anner is t%at it can %e#$ "s mana&e o"r #ar&e &oa#s and t%e sma##er s"b6&oa#s t%at we
%a'e di'ided t%ese #ar&er &oa#s into Once we %a'e estab#is%ed o"r #ar&er &oa#s and
broken t%em down into sma##er ob
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to record im$ortant mi#estones a#on& t%e way between now and t%e e$ected com$#etion
date o. t%e &oa#s In t%is way t%e mont%#y $#anner becomes a too# .or trackin& t%e
$ro&ress o. a## o. o"r im$ortant $ro
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;@:0610@:0am
5om$#ete
re'iew o. 1st
%a#. o. second
terms work
5om$#ete
re'iew
$rob#ems and
$ractice test
Microeconomics
Eam -odayS
5om$#ete
re'iew o. 1st
terms work
+a#.6way
t%ro"&% termS
B"sy st"dyin&, dont
waste timeS
a re'iew o. t%e .irst %a#. o. t%e second term(s work, and to com$#ete t%e re'iew $rob#ems
and $ractice test t%at yo"r $ro.essor %anded o"t in c#ass As we## yo" mi&%t make notes
o. %ow .ar a#on& in t%e term yo" are as a moti'ationa# aid or warnin&s o. %ow b"sy
certain times wi## be to assist yo" in $#annin& t%e amo"nt o. work yo" take on I. yo"
wo"#d #ike to take t%is o$$ort"nity to .i## o"t yo"r own mont%#y $#anner, a b#ank one %as
been $ro'ided in t%e back o. t%is $acka&e
2eekly .bjectives 0ist
-%e week#y ob
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and t%en ."rt%er into s$eci.ic acti'ities .or t%e week -%e im$ortance o. t%ese ste$s
cannot be o'erem$%asiCed@ by #istin& o"t o"r s$eci.ic acti'ities, we can more acc"rate#y
estimate time re3"ired .or t%em and so better $#an o"r time
Let(s say .or eam$#e t%at one o. yo"r &oa#s .or t%e year was to maintain yo"r %ono"rs
standin& and t%at yo" %ad a series o. eams comin& "$ inc#"din& one .or .irst year
Introd"ctory Microeconomics o" mi&%t set an ob
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week#y $#anner to be sc%ed"#ed Now wo"#d be a &ood time to record yo"r ob
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Economics Eam
com$#ete readin&sQre'iew notes
$ractice $rob#ems .rom c%a$ter
re$rod"ce &ra$%s .rom memory
$ara&ra$%s to inter$ret &ra$%s
se#ect main conce$ts
: %rs
1 %r
2 %rs
1 %r
1 %r
*o, to &i'e yo" an idea o. %ow yo" mi&%t &o abo"t sc%ed"#in& t%ese acti'ities,
consider t%e .irst acti'ity, 5om$#ete readin&s and re'iew notes4 -%is t%ree %o"r
acti'ity co"#d be $#aced a#most anyw%ere in t%e ear#y $art o. t%e week, say on Monday or
-"esday and it co"#d be in, say, two ;0 min"te b#ocks or a## in one t%ree %o"r b#ock,
de$endin& on yo"r $re.erences ?or demonstration $"r$oses, we %a'e decided to "se t%e
time on -"esday between 10 am and 1 $m ?or t%e net acti'ity, se#ect main
conce$ts4 we re3"ire a one %o"r b#ock o. time Gednesday at ; am seems #ike a &ood
$otentia# time .or t%is one O"r t%ird acti'ity, Prob#ems .rom back o. c%a$ter4 mi&%t be
sc%ed"#ed, by yo" ear#y birds, on ?riday mornin& between 9 and 10 am -%e .ina# two
acti'ities co"#d be sc%ed"#ed on t%e weekend as s%own
2eekly Planner
Monday -"esday Gednesday -%"rsday ?riday *at"rday *"nday
9@00am
;@00am
Noon
11@00am
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10@00am
1@00$m
Gork O"t Gork O"t Gork O"t
Nat"ra#
*cience@
Astronomy
1H7008 L"nc% wit%
5%ris
Microeconomics
1
10000:
-%e 5#assica#
E$erience
110008
Iss"es in
+istory
100008
5om$#ete
readin&s
R
re'iew
notes
*e#ect main
conce$ts
Prob#ems
.rom back o.
c%a$ter
e$rod"ce
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&ra$%s .rom
memory
Grite
$ara&ra$%s
to inter$ret
t%em
I. we ret"rn to t%e week#y
ob
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A &ood time to sc%ed"#e is be.ore t%e week be&ins and it is im$ortant to constr"ct a
$#an .or t%e entire week -%e most im$ortant reason .or $#annin& t%is way is t%at by
%a'in& a $#an #aid o"t .or t%e comin& week yo" maintain reasonab#e contro# o'er yo"r
time E'en wit% "ne$ected occ"rrences t%at can im$act yo"r sc%ed"#e yo" assist
yo"rse#. in makin& decisions t%at are &o'erned by yo"r desire to reac% yo"r &oa#s
Git%o"t "sin& a sc%ed"#e yo" may be
&o'erned by yo"r moment6to6moment
moods w%ic% may #ead yo" to make
time decisions t%at take yo" away .rom
yo"r &oa#s A &reat dea# o. time is
sa'ed by "sin& a week#y $#anner On
t%e s%ort r"n yo" a'oid t%e wasta&e o.
time t%at comes .rom constant#y
%a'in& to ree'a#"ate w%at to do net
As we##, yo" re#ie'e yo"r mind o. t%e
res$onsibi#ity .or or&aniCin& and
rememberin& a## yo"r tasks, a##owin&
yo"rse#. to .oc"s intent#y on t%e work
yo" want to accom$#is% On t%e #on&
r"n yo" sa'e time by ens"rin& t%at on
a dai#y basis yo" are makin& decisions
abo"t yo"r time "se t%at wi## #ead yo"
ste$6by6ste$ towards yo"r $ersona#
&oa#s a'oidin& t%e $it.a##s o.
c%ronica##y misdirectin& yo"r time and
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2eekly .bjectives 0ist
*c%ed"#ed
10W6200W
Acti'ity -ime Estimate 5om$#eted
com$#ete readin&sQre'iew notes
$ractice $rob#ems .rom c%a$ter
re$rod"ce &ra$%s .rom memory
$ara&ra$%s to inter$ret &ra$%s
se#ect main conce$ts
: %rs
1 %r
2 %rs
1 %r
1 %r
*ut I %eel +ramped( b! lots o% shedules&
Is there an! other "a! that I an $et similar
results "ithout "orr!in$ about eah
minute?
Sure1 The purpose of scheduling is not to
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enslave you to your planner, ut rather to
indicate when certain things should happen!
Many students find, for various reasons, that
their scheduled activities do not occur the way
that they were planned! An alternative
method would e to keep a to2do list
structured in order of priority! The list would
contain the most important and urgent 3e
careful here4 activities in your weekly
o5ectives list! +f you do not have many
urgent activities, the fall ack tasks would e
the most important of the non2urgent
activities! 6eep the unimportant activities off
the list!
e..orts A.ter yo" %a'e taken t%e ste$ o. $#annin& yo"r time in a week#y $#anner, yo"r
net ste$s wi## be to $"t t%e $#an into action and #o& yo"r ac%ie'ements
As yo" en&a&e in t%e $rocess o. $#annin& re&"#ar#y yo" wi## soon notice t%at yo"
become more $ro.icient at it o" wi## make better time estimates o" may be ab#e to
red"ce or e'en e#iminate cost#y time interr"$tions o"(## &et more done in w%at seems
to be #ess time o"(## red"ce yo"r wasted time and yo" wi## become more con.ident in
yo"r abi#ity to ac%ie'e Now wo"#d be a &ood time to be&in .i##in& o"t yo"r week#y
$#anner .or t%e "$comin& week
'ime 'racking
One .ina# strate&y t%at we wo"#d #ike to recommend yo" "se is time trackin& Usin&
time trackin& once e'ery .ew mont%s wi## rea##y %e#$ yo" &et a c#ear sense o. w%ere yo"r
time is act"a##y &oin& -%e .orm "sed %ere #ooks
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in re'erse Instead o. writin& t%in&s in t%at yo" are $#annin& to do, time #o&&in& is a
$rocess o. writin& down t%e t%in&s t%at yo" %a'e a#ready done )oin& t%is is sort o. a
&et6to6know6yo"rse#. eercise beca"se t%is $roced"re wi## %i&%#i&%t many o. yo"r %abits
*ome $eo$#e .ind t%at e'ery time t%ey $#an to do mat% %omework t%ey end "$ watc%in&
te#e'ision Ot%er $eo$#e
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between t%e n"mber o. %o"rs yo" e$ected to "se in certain cate&ories and t%e act"a#
n"mber o. %o"rs yo" s$end I. yo" .ind t%at yo" s$end more time in one area t%an yo"
wanted, and #ess in anot%er, t%e week#y s"mmary o. time "se c#ear#y indicates w%ic%
acti'ities to red"ce to .ind t%e etra time yo" want .or t%at neected area o. yo"r #i.e
Lookin& back on t%e materia# yo" %a'e co'ered in t%is $resentation may &i'e yo" t%e
.ee#in& t%at t%ere is .ar too m"c% to remember and e'en more to do *ettin& &oa#s,
breakin& t%em down into mana&eab#e c%"nks, a##ocatin& t%ose c%"nks to s$eci.ic time
s#ots in yo"r sc%ed"#e, ens"rin& t%at yo" are workin& e..ecti'e#y on im$ortant tasks and
kee$in& yo"rse#. on track may seem #ike more work t%an it is wort% -o kee$ t%e amo"nt
o. work in'o#'ed in $ers$ecti'e, remember t%at yo"r &oa# settin& wi## take considerab#e
time B"t once yo"r &oa#s are set, yo"r $#annin& .or t%e net week s%o"#d take yo" no
more t%an an %o"r or so
It is o.ten said t%at one %o"r s$ent $#annin& sa'es se'era# %o"rs o. acti'ity abo'e and
beyond t%e %o"r s$ent $#annin& -%is is tr"e beca"se o. o"r tendency .or a## t%e t%in&s
t%at %a'e a#ready been mentioned, #ike a #ack o. .oc"s, distraction, $rocrastination and
"ncertainty Once yo"r week is $#anned yo" wi## e$erience c#arity o. .oc"s, yo"r
tendency to be distracted wi## be red"ced and yo" wi## be certain o. yo"r reasons .or
doin& t%e t%in&s yo" %ad $#anned
G%en t%e net week starts yo" wi## be ab#e to mo'e toward yo"r &oa#s immediate#y
In t%is state yo" wi## be m"c% more com.ortab#e and ca$ab#e o. dea#in& wit% time s%i.ts
In t%e net section we wi## be&in an in'esti&ation into some "ni3"e c%a##en&es t%at yo"
.ace as a st"dent
2eekly "ummary of 'ime %se
*t"dy Gork -J
?ami#yQ
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*ocia#
*#ee$ Eatin& 5omm"te Ot%er
Monday
Gednesday
-"esday
?riday
*at"rday
-%"rsday
*"nday
)i..erence
Act"a#
E$ected
Time Shi%ts
+a'e yo" e'er t%o"&%t o. t%e amo"nt o. time yo" s$end waitin& in #ine6"$s,
comm"tin&, waitin& .or yo"r net c#ass to start, or on t%e te#e$%one I. yo" e'er want a
wake6"$ ca## try to ca#c"#ate it .or yo"rse#. o" may a#ready %a'e a sense o. t%is i.
yo"('e tracked yo"r time A.ter a w%i#e, t%e .ew min"tes %ere and t%ere amo"nt to days,
mont%s and e'en years *ince we a## .ind o"rse#'es in t%ese sit"ations at one time or
anot%er we s%o"#d care."##y consider o"r "se o. t%is time Eac% time s%i.t #isted be#ow
contains its "ni3"e c%a##en&es, and we $resent yo" wit% some rea##y interestin& o$tions
-%ese o$tions, i. "sed wi## trans$ort yo" .rom yo"r $resent state o. time mana&ement to a
w%o#e new #e'e# o. e..ecti'eness
0ine;ups
)id yo" know t%at, o'er
t%e co"rse o. yo"r #i.e, yo"
wi## s$end a$$roimate#y 9
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years waitin& in #ines It(s
tr"eS At t%e #ibrary c%ecko"t,
waitin& .or t%e b"s,
waitin& .or t%e #i&%t to t"rn
&reen at an intersection,
b"yin& tickets, and e'en at
am"sement $arks yo" .ind
yo"rse#. starin& mind#ess#y
at t%e back o. someone
e#se(s %eadS G%y -%ink
o. w%at yo" co"#d be
doin& I. yo" carried
aro"nd a book or some
$%otoco$ied readin&s yo"
co"#d be acti'e#y en&a&in&
yo"r brain in somet%in& interestin& and ecitin& -a$e cassettes o. yo"r #ect"res are idea#
ways to .i## times #ike t%ese, and t%e re'iew wi## $ro.o"nd#y aid yo"r reca## come eam
time G%i#e some $eo$#e in t%e #ine &et .r"strated and #ea'e, and ot%ers wait
"n$rod"cti'e#y, yo" wi## be e$andin& yo"r mind and enric%in& yo"r ed"cation in w%at
is norma##y considered wasted time
Commuting
Ima&ine, most Nort% Americans s$end between 1 and 2 %o"rs comm"tin& .rom %ome
to work or sc%oo# e'ery day I. yo" comm"te, yo" wi## $robab#y .ind to 10 %o"rs o.
yo"r week taken "$ in a car, b"s or s"bway In one year, yo"r comm"te works o"t to
between 20 and 00 %o"rs Ima&ine w%at it wo"#d be #ike o'er t%e co"rse o. 7 years I.
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yo" st"dy w%i#e yo" comm"te yo" co"#d in'est "$ to 2000 %o"rs in yo"r ed"cation
-%at(s e3"i'a#ent to attendin& a## o. t%e re3"ired #ect"res in e'ery co"rse o. a 76year
"ni'ersity de&ree Im$ressi'eS Ima&ine w%at yo"r &rades wo"#d be #ike Now, some
readers mi&%t say Ge##, I(d #o'e to &et &rades #ike t%at, b"t I
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readin& done o" .ind a seat
take yo"r book, o$en it "$ and
be&in readin& )e$endin& on
w%ere yo" sat /1, 2 or :, w%at
%a$$ens net can be 3"ite
di..erent
1 In t%e st"dent centre yo"
e$erience a de#"&e o. si&%t and so"nd distractions *ome .ew st"dents may be ab#e to
read %ere, b"t .or t%e ma
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yo" be&in daydreamin& and
yo"r 3"a#ity readin& time &oes
o"t t%e window
: In a 3"iet st"dy area in t%e
#ibrary, yo" .ind yo"r se#. seated amon& ot%ers w%o are a#so readin& 3"iet#y -%e si&%t
and so"nd distractions are most#y se$arated .rom t%e readin& area +ere is an area w%ere
yo" .ee# yo" can rea##y &et some work done -%e %o"r $asses wit% .ew distractions and
t%e readin& &oes smoot%#y By t%e end o. t%e %o"r, yo" may .ind t%at yo"('e
accom$#is%ed m"c% more readin& t%an yo" t%o"&%t $ossib#e
&nterruptions
+a'e yo" e'er sat down to st"dy, and not two min"tes #ater somet%in& #ike t%is
%a$$ens
7+", 7+"
You) 8ello9
Your ,riend) 8i :your name here;, its :your friends name here; whatcha
doing9
You) #h, + 5ust sat down with a highlighter and a hot pile of notes! +ve got
some stuff here that + dont # 'he areas near the entrance to the library can be full
of sight and sound distractions
Figure 9# number of ?uiet study areas can often be found1
"earch for a place where you feel comfortable and productive1
Your ,riend) /ell, +ll tell you what! My oss 5ust gave me two tickets to
tonights game! Third row1 7ight aove the dugout1 /haddaya say9
Or maybe yo" .ind somet%in& #ike t%is occ"rrin& more o.ten t%an yo" wo"#d #ike
6#)6, 6#)6
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You) )ome in!!!
Your little sister 3those of you with little rothers can proaly come up with
a few hundred thousand e(amples of your own4= :your name here; look
what mom ought me1 A arie2doll 5ust like the one in the movie1 /anna
see9
Or $er%a$s, somet%in& #ike t%is
Your %ather) :your name here; get your head out of the ook there lad and
come take a look at this! Theyve got some guy on the news that theyre
taking off to 5ail for watering his lawn in a rain storm1 )an you elieve that1
)ome on, youre gonna miss it1
G%ate'er t%e case may be, yo" are interr"$ted o"r train o. t%o"&%t %as been
derai#ed and &ettin& back on track co"#d be di..ic"#t -%ere are a .ew t%in&s t%at yo" can
do to minimiCe t%e im$act on yo"r st"dy time
&irst of all, try to find a place where it is difficult for people to find you!
That way you are more likely to have longer periods of interruption2free
work! +f you cant find a hideout, consider an attention getting sign on
your door 2 >Developing photographs 2 please do not distur? might e a
kind sign that will work!
Tell the person interrupting that you are studying and that you really need
to continue! Some people are considerate of this and will volunteer to
come ack or call later! +f this is the case, recommend a time when you
know you will e free!
As you are interrupted, stand up and remain standing! Stand2up
interruptions are usually much shorter than sit2down ones! /hen you
stand make sure that you mention how important it is that you continue
your study uninterrupted! Ask them if you could ecome involved with
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their re"st kee$ tryin&
di..erent a$$roac%es "nti# yo" .ind a .ew t%at work .or yo" -%e $ayo..s o'er t%e co"rse
o. yo"r #i.e wi## asto"nd yo"
-onlusion
At t%e be&innin& o. yo"r &rand to"r o. time we asked yo" .o"r 3"estions, and
t%ro"&%o"t t%is %ando"t yo" %a'e be&"n to answer t%em Be&innin& wit% t%e ass"m$tion
t%at yo" need to take res$onsibi#ity .or yo"r time "se, t%e .irst 3"estion, +ave you set
your goals: can be s"mmed "$ wit% t%e idea t%at t%at one o. t%e most im$ortant t%in&s
yo" can do is to know w%at yo"r &oa#s are Now t%at yo" %a'e t%o"&%t abo"t &oa#s, t%e
second 3"estion, 2hat is your time perspective: c#ari.ies %ow im$ortant it is to decide
to do acti'ities t%at #ead toward yo"r &oa#s rat%er t%an away .rom t%em -%e t%ird
3"estion was 2hat sort of planning is involved: o" #earned %ow to de'e#o$ and "se a
system o. str"ct"rin& yo"r c%osen acti'ities in time wit% t%e week#y and mont%#y
$#anners and t%e week#y ob
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G%at yo" %a'e $robab#y disco'ered is t%at yo" are ready to take yo"rse#. on yo" own
&rand to"r o. time, and t%at to do so yo" wi## need to &o t%ro"&% t%e ste$s o. time
mana&ement a&ain and a&ain A## t%e w%i#e yo" wi## im$ro'e yo"r system, and a## t%e
w%i#e yo" wi## mo'e toward t%e ac%ie'ement o. yo"r &oa#s
.ns"er to Pareto(s Priorit! Pu//ler
@9 2 no
B9 2 8ah1 Couve got to e kidding right9 +f students spent B of their
time doing effective and important things do you think we would e sitting
here right now talking aout time management9
E9 2 no
F9 2 ot
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=OALBEAK)OGN2
2+' &" .%! '&M$
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IMPO-AN5E AN)U=EN57
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UNIMPO-AN- -+IN=* )ONE POOL 6LOG E??E5-IJENE**, LOG E??I5IEN58
IMPO-AN- -+IN=* )ONE POOL 6 +I=+ E??E5-IJENE**, LOG E??I5IEN58
UNIMPO-AN- -+IN=* )ONE GELL 6 LOG E??E5-IJENE**, +I=+ E??I5IEN5H
IMPO-AN- -+IN=* )ONE GELL 6 +I=+ E??E5-IJENE**, +I=+ E??I5IEN5 H
PAE-O(* PIOI-PULEH
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LINE6UP*1
8
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5OMMU-IN=18
BE-GEEN5LA**E*1H
IN-EUP-ION*19
C.*C0%"&.*111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
11118B
*"2$! '. P!$'." P!&.!&'
P%0$!111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111183
&ndex
C
comm"tin&H, 18
E
e..ecti'enessSee time $ers$ecti'e
e..iciencySee time $ers$ecti'e
!
&oa#s 1, 2, :, 7, 8, H, ;, 10, 11, 1:, 1, 20
#on& term &oa#s 2
s%ort term &oa#s 1, 2
s"b6&oa#s 2, :, ;, 10
I
im$ortanceSee time $ers$ecti'e
2
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time #o&9
week#y ob
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'ools to help you plan
-%e .o##owin& too#s wi## enab#e yo" to $#an across an entire st"dy $eriod or on a
%o"r#yQweek#y basis
'he "tudy Period Planner
One o. t%is most e..ecti'e ways to %e#$ yo" st"dy s"ccess."##y is to kee$ on track o. w%en a##
yo"r assessment tasks are d"e -%is &i'es yo" a rea#istic o'er'iew o. t%e st"dy $eriod and
%e#$s yo" to $#an a%ead An easy way to ma$ a## yo"r commitments o'er t%e st"dy $eriod is
to "se a %a#. year#y or st"dy $eriod$#anner o" s%o"#d mark in@
t%e d"e dates .or a## yo"r assessment tasks, inc#"din& t%e 'a#"e o. eac% one toward t%e
.ina# &rade and t%e word #imit /co#o"r codin& eac% co"rse can be %e#$."#
any ma
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do yo" st"dy better in t%e mornin& or #ate at ni&%t
do yo" need a 3"iet $#ace to st"dy
can yo" st"dy at %ome or do yo" need to tra'e# to t%e #ibrary
Many st"dents .ind t%is eercise s"r$risin& as it &i'es t%em a tota##y di..erent 'iew o. w%at
commitments t%ey %a'e and %ow b"sy t%eir days rea##y are It a#so &i'es t%em a c%ance to set
"$ some &oa#s to com$#ete t%e st"dy $eriod s"ccess."##y
&n conclusion
-ime mana&ement is a com$#e ski## G%en $#annin& time to st"dy, remember to work
towards a ba#ance between yo"r st"dy and ot%er commitments A#so remember to $"t yo"r
$#annerQs in a $#ace w%ere yo" wi## see itQt%em re&"#ar#y I. yo" do not %a'e eno"&% %o"rs in
t%e day to do w%at yo" need to do yo" s%o"#d re'iew yo"r week#y $#anner by considerin& t%e
.o##owin&@
Are yo" e$ectin& too m"c% o. yo"rse#.
+a'e yo" o'er6committed yo"rse#.
o" may need to red"ce, $ost$one or &i'e "$ an acti'ity to re6a##ocate t%is time to
st"dy
I. yo" re3"ire ."rt%er assistance, $#ease make an a$$ointmentwit% a co"nse##or in t%e
Learnin& and -eac%in& Unit on yo"r cam$"s
http://w3.unisa.edu.au/counsellingservices/contact/appointment.asphttp://w3.unisa.edu.au/counsellingservices/contact/appointment.asp -
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!eeral 4oa" A**$"et Data $ 1alay%$a ,(556 7 +8(8-
Year Population0ehiles
1e$istered0ehileInvolved
1oad 2en$th1oad
.idents1oad
-asualties1oad 3eaths
0ehile4"nershi5Person pe
vehicle6
GII@ H,IE,J E,BH,KJ@ HJ@,FK EH,HHG GEH,FIG @H,G@H @,JGH K!
GIIE HG,GEI, J,EBE,EBF KH@,IG@ EF,@GG GBI,GI @K,FJ@ E,KF H!B
GIIJ HG,EE@,E B,@@,FEI KJK,@HE EE,GB HG@,EKH @E,@JF E,KH H!@
GIIB HH,GJI,@ I,GFG,K@J KEE,IKH EE,JFG HGG,KJ @@,JF @,JF H!F
GIII HH,JGG,I I,IHI,I@G KI,EJF EJ,EI HHK,GEE @H,IKJ @,JIF H!K
H HK,HEK,E G,@IB,BF FFG,KBE EB,JJ H@,FHI @,H E,K@ H!H
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HG HK,JI@,K GG,KH,@F@ FBK,K@G JF,HGJ HE@,GJ@ @,FJK @,BFI H!G
HH HF,@HE,@ GH,EB,GFF @J,II@ JF,EFG HJI,JGG FI,@@H @,BIG H!
HK H@,FB,K GH,BGI,HFB @@@,EKF JI,EEJ HIB,E@K @H,JFG E,HBE H!
HF H@,@B, GK,BHB,BBI @IE,@KK JG,BGF KHE,BG@ @F,IG E,HHB G!B
H@ HE,GK, G@,HE,EE @BG,GKE JG,BGF KHB,HEF FJ,GH E,H G!J
HE HE,EF, G@,JI,JKH EK@,HF JH,JBG KFG,H@H K@,FH@ E,HBJ G!J
HJ HJ,GJ, GE,BGK,IFK EEB,GJK JK,KH KEK,KGI KK,III E,HBH G!E
HB HJ,JK, GJ,IJG,IG EJG,JB JK,FGI KJK,JG KH,HJF E,@HJ G!@
HI HB,KG, GI,GE,JBH J@,EHK G,H KIJ,KK KG,FGJ E,JF@ G!@
HG HB,IG, H,GBB,@E@ JE,FKK GGG,KJB FGF,FHG HB,HEI E,BJH G!F
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verview f Current
oad *a.ety *it"ation In Ma#aysia
./$!/&$2 .F C%!!$*'
!.- "F$' "&'%'&.* &* M0"&
Mohamad *i=am Mustafa
4i$hway Plannin$ 'nit
5oad Safety Section
Ministry of 1or+s
6alan Sultan Salahuddin
78798 !uala "umpur# Malaysia
5"'!C'
oad sa.ety %as #on& been considered as one o. socia# res$onsibi#ities to t%e
Ma#aysian =o'ernment In t%e 'isibi#ity o. t%is res$onsibi#ities, m"#ti$#es bodies
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concern on road sa.ety %a'e been .ormed wit%in t%e &o'ernment de$artments, $ri'ate
a&encies and 'o#"ntary or&anisations -%e 5abinet 5ommittee o. oad *a.ety c%aired
by t%e Prime Minister %imse#. was .ormed by t%e =o'ernment A Nationa# oad
*a.ety P#an t%en was .orm"#ated to &i'e an attention to road sa.ety researc%
$ro&rammes, be%a'io"ra# modi.ication o. road "sers, road en&ineerin& and 'e%ic#e
sa.ety, medica# treatment and sa.ety administration
-%is $a$er attem$ts to re'iew t%e $resent stat"s o. road sa.ety in Ma#aysia wit%
s$ecia# re.erence to road sa.ety initiati'es carried o"t by t%e Ma#aysian =o'ernment
es$ecia##y t%e Ministry o. Gorks Ma#aysia -%e contents o. t%is $a$er wi## "ses an
o'er'iew o. $resent road accident statistic, nationa# road sa.ety tar&et, oad *a.ety
Pro&rammes by Ministry o. Gorks Ma#aysia, and disc"ssion o. ."t"re strate&ies to
red"ce tra..ic accident
Keyword@ oad sa.ety tar&et, accident rate, accident statistic
"''%" .F !.- CC&-$*'" &* M0"&
-ra..ic accidents in Ma#aysia %a'e been increasin& at t%e a'era&e rate o. ;HW $er
ann"m o'er t%e #ast t%ree /: decades /see ?i&1 5om$ared to t%e ear#ier days, tota#
n"mber o. road accidents %ad increased .rom 27,91 cases in 1;H7 to :29,287 cases in
200, reac%in& more t%an 1:W increase o. accident cases o'er :0 years -%e n"mber
o. .ata#ities /deat% wit%in :0 days a.ter accident a#so increased b"t at s#ower rate
com$ared to tota# road accident .rom 2,:0: in 1;H7 to 8,200 in 200 +owe'er t%e
"$ward trend o. .ata#ities dro$$ed in 1;;H a.ter Ma#aysia =o'ernment estab#is%ed a 6
year nationa# road sa.ety tar&et to red"ce road accident deat%s1by :0W by t%e year
2000
-%e increase o. road accidents is in #ink wit% t%e ra$id &rowt% in $o$"#ation,
economic in de'e#o$ment, ind"stria#isation and motorisation enco"ntered by t%e
co"ntry *ince 1;H0(s, Ma#aysia %ad e$erienced a remarkab#e &rowt% in t%ese
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1;;0
1;;2
1;;7
1;;8
1;;9
2000
2002
2007
road accident
Figure 3# "tatistics !oad ccidents in Malaysia (8BBD)
Source* 5oyal Malaysian Police =P,5M>
)es$ite an increased in tra..ic accident and road .ata#ities, t%ere is a dro$ in deat% rate
/'a#"e o. deat% $er 10,000 re&istered 'e%ic#es By ."rt%er com$arin& t%e deat% rate
o'er t%e #ast .i'e / years, it s%ows t%at t%e deat% rate 'a#"e %as dro$$ed .rom 1H in
2001 to 71: in 200 *imi#ar#y d"rin& t%e same $eriod, accident deat% rate $er
100,000 $eo$#es %as a#so dro$$ed .rom 27: in 2001 to 2:H: in 200
O'er'iew O. 5"rrent
oad *a.ety *it"ation In Ma#aysia
'able 3# ,eneral !oad ccident -ata in Malaysia (3E8G8BBD)
ear Population /ehicles
!egistered
/ehicles
&nvolved
!oad
0ength
(km)
!oad
ccidents
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90/114
!oad
Casualties
!oad
-eaths
/ehicle
.wnership
1;H7 10,7:7,;2 1,0;0,2H; :;,08 11,181 27,91 1:,::2 2,:0: ;8
1;H 10,7:9,1:H 1,28H,11; H,8: 12,07: 79,2:: 1;,770 2,:1H 92
1;H8 10,7H2,77 1,72;,97 90,;; 12,:70 79,2;1 1;,:2H 2,70 H:
1;HH 10,H18,872 1,821,2H1 98,899 12,8:H 7,222 20,:0 2,12 88
1;H9 10,;77,00 1,92;,;9 ;1,122 1:,:;; 8,021 21,8; 2,81 80
1;H; 11,199,8:0 1,;9;,:;1 ;7,H99 1:,HH2 H,;:1 22,811 2,80H 8
1;90 11,772,098 2,:H,:98 ;;,79 17,778 ;,097 22,707 2,89 7;
1;91 17,129,:7 2,;01,192 10H,2 :1,89 8:,1;2 22,:0: 2,H8; 7;
1;92 17,08,9; :,278,H;0 128,7H7 :8,2:9 H7,0;8 22,920 :,288 7
1;9: 17,998,H; :,;7,;7: 1:;,008 70,887 H;,10 28,H :,0 71
1;97 1,7:H,89: :,;71,0:8 170,072 72,27 90,28 2,2 :,8:H :;
1;9 1,988,;2 7,27:,172 172,8: 7:,;;7 92,0; 27,927 :,80: :H
1;98 18,2H9,001 :,2:,8H7 1:H,1H 77,H00 H;,907 2:,2H :,22 78
1;9H 18,2H,;H: :,8H7,792 1:1,80; 77,2:; H8,992 21,78H :,:20 7
1;99 18,21,:00 :,98,H11 127,;22 77,729 H:,20 22,:9 :,:: 7:
1;9; 1H,:H8,900 7,1,1;H 12H,2H; 77,;2 H,828 :0,0:H :,HH: 72
1;;0 1H,912,000 7,7H,71H 178,H7H 0,9: 9H,;;; 2;,90 7,079 :;
1;;1 19,1H9,100 7,;72,070 181,92: ,:8H ;8,1: :0,10H 7,::1 :H
1;;2 19,808,000 ,2;,9:8 19,90 ;,H;8 119,7 :8,282 7,H :
1;;: 1;,00,000 ,88,0:H 220,;:; ;,H;8 1:,;; 71,898 7,888 :7
1;;7 1;,7;7,000 8,188,7:2 21,898 80,H:7 179,901 79,0: ,1; :2
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1;; 20,0;8,H00 8,902,:H 2H,7:0 82,221 182,7;1 2,12 ,H12 :0
1;;8 21,18;,000 H,898,897 :2,;1 87,11 19;,10; :,7H 8,:07 29
1;;H 21,88,800 9,0,78; :H:,28 88,109 21,8:2 8,H7 8,:02 2
1;;9 22,1H;,00 ;,171,:H :88,;:2 88,H71 211,0:H ,H07 ,H70 27
1;;; 22,H11,;00 ;,;2;,;1 :;0,8H7 8H,08; 22:,188 2,;:H ,H;7 2:
2000 2:,28:,800 10,;9,907 771,:98 89,HH0 20,72; 0,200 8,0: 22
2001 2:,H;,:00 11,:02,7 79:,:1 H7,21H 28,1H 0,7H: ,97; 21
2002 27,28,00 12,089,177 0H,;; H7,871 2H;,H11 7;,2 ,9;1 20
200: 2,079,:00 12,91;,279 ,8:7 H;,88H 2;9,8: 2,H71 8,298 20
2007 2,90,000 1:,929,99; 6 H1,917 :28,91 7,0;1 8,229 19
200 28,1:0,000 1,028,880 6 H1,917 :29,287 7H,012 8,200 1H
*o"rce@ oya# Ma#aysian Po#ice 200
-%is .i&"re is re&arded as not re#iab#e ?i&"res .or 2007 and 200 %a'e not been
.ina#ised
6X no data a'ai#ab#e
O'er'iew O. 5"rrent
oad *a.ety *it"ation In Ma#aysia
*'&.*0 !.- "F$' '!,$'
In 1;;0, -%e 5abinet 5ommittee o. oad *a.ety was .ormed to .orm"#ate a nationa#
road sa.ety tar&et in red"cin& road accident and .ata#ities -%e ear#ier tar&et was
estab#is%ed to monitor t%e rates o. .ata#ities d"e to tra..ic accident w%ic% is common#y
de.ined as deat% wit%in :0 days o. .o##owin& an accident $er 10,000 'e%ic#es: At t%at
time, an ear#ier nationa# road sa.ety tar&et7 was to red"ce deat%s rate to 7 tra..ic
accident deat%s $er 10,000 re&istered 'e%ic#es by t%e year 2010 -%is tar&et was based
on t%e statistica# mode# de'e#o$ed by oad *a.ety esearc% 5entre o. Uni'ersiti P"tra
Ma#aysia w%ic% $redicted ;,12H deat%s in year 2000 i. t%e tra..ic contin"ed to
increase at t%e contin"in& #inear &rowt% wit% 1;9; as its base year /see ?i& 2
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0
1
2
:
7
8
H
9
;
10
1;H2
1;H:
1;H7
1;H
1;H8
1;HH
1;H9
1;H;
1;90
1;91
1;92
1;9:
1;97
1;9
1;98
1;9H
1;99
1;9;
1;;0
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1;;1
1;;2
1;;:
1;;7
1;;
1;;8
1;;H
1;;9
1;;;
2000
ear
)eat%s /1000
Figure 8# Fatality Model and "afety 'arget in Malaysia
Source* 5adin 'mar 5.S. 'pdates of 5oad Safety Status in Malaysia#
'niversiti Putra Malaysia. 887
5om$ared to t%e nation(s sa.ety $er.ormance, t%e deat%s rate is sti## .ar be%ind ot%er
de'e#o$ed co"ntries, w%ic% is be#ow : deat%s $er 10,000 'e%ic#es +ence in 2001, t%e
nationa# road sa.ety tar&et to red"ce t%e deat% rate to 7 tra..ic accident deat%s $er
10,000 re&istered 'e%ic#es by t%e year 2010 was e