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ASSIGMENT C++

Bjarne Stroustrup

1.Go to

 The goto statement unconditionally transfers control to the statement labeled by the

specied identier.

.!hile

 The test of expression ta"es place before each e#ecution of the loop$ therefore%

a while loop e#ecutes &ero or more times. expression must be of an inte'ral type% a

pointer type% or a class type (ith an unambi'uous con)ersion to an inte'ral or pointer

type.

A while loop can also terminate (hen a brea"% 'oto% or return (ithin the statement body

is e#ecuted. *se continue to terminate the current iteration (ithout e#itin'

the while loop. continue passes control to the ne#t iteration of thewhile loop.

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.,rea" and Continue

Break

Although you have already seen the break statement in the context of switchstatements, it deserves a fuller treatment since it can be used with other types of loops

as well. The break statement causes a do, for, switch, or while statement to terminate.

This includes the for each loops included in C++11.

Breaking a switch

n the context of a switch statement, a break is typically used at the end of each case to

signify the case is finished

Continue.

-orces transfer of control to the controllin' e#pression of the smallest enclosin' do% for%

or (hile loop.

.!hile True

I have seen this sort of thing used a lot, but I think it is rather strange... Wouldn't it be

much clearer to say(hile/true0, or something along those lines?

I'm guessing that (as is the reason for many-a-programmer to resort to cryptic code) this

is a tiny margin faster?

Why, and is itreally worth it? If so, why not just define it this way

5.Do/ While

 The test of the termination condition is made after each e#ecution of the loop$ therefore%

a do-while loop e#ecutes one or more times% dependin' on the )alue of the termination

e#pression. The do-while statement can also terminate (hen a brea"% 'oto%

or return statement is e#ecuted (ithin the statement body.

 The expression must ha)e arithmetic or pointer type. E#ecution proceeds as follo(s1

2. The statement body is e#ecuted.

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. Ne#t% expression is e)aluated. If expression is false% the do-while statement

terminates and control passes to the ne#t statement in the pro'ram.

If expression is true /non&ero0% the process is repeated% be'innin' (ith step 2.

6.Jump / Loop

A C++ 3ump statement performs an immediate local transfer of control.

Loop

!xecute a se"uence of statements multiple times and abbreviates the code that

manages the loop variable.

#.if $ else

f 

f the boolean expression evaluates to true, then the if block of code will be

executed, otherwise else block of code will be executed.

!lse

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 The else clause of an if...else statement is associated (ith the closest

pre)ious if  statement in the same scope that does not ha)e a

correspondin' elsestatement.