astro 641 agn mapping the evolution of agn more material: this lecture!
TRANSCRIPT
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Astro 641 AGNAstro 641 AGN
Mapping the Evolution Mapping the Evolution of AGNof AGN
More material:
• This lecture!
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3C Radio Survey3C Radio Survey
• Third (revised) Cambridge Catalogue of radio sources using extended emission at 178 MHz.
• Low selection frequency: steep spectra
• Survey of all sources north of -5 deg with fR>9 Jy. 328 sources.
• Complete sample: Laing, Riley and Longair (1983). 96% complete to 10 Jy.
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V/VV/Vmaxmax Test Test
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V/VV/Vmaxmax Test Test• Flux-limited sample --> at small
distances larger luminosity range.
• Solution: compute for each source the max. redshift at which it would still be included in a complete survey --> maximum volume Vmax.
• V/Vmax is a measure of the source position within the observable volume.
• V/Vmax uniform in [0,1] range.
• <V/Vmax>=0.5.
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V/VV/Vmaxmax Test Test
Laing, Riley & Longair (1983)
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IRASIRAS
de Grijp et al. (1987)
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SpitzerSpitzer
Lacy et al. (2004)
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Stern DiagramStern Diagram
Stern et al. (2005)
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Power-law AGNPower-law AGN
Donley et al. (2008)
Selection: IRAC photometry is well-fit by a line of slope <-0.5
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Why does it work?Why does it work?
Hickox et al. (2007)
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Fraction of Recovered Fraction of Recovered SourcesSources
Stern et al. (2005)
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X-ray Selected SourcesX-ray Selected Sources
Cardamone et al. (2008)
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X-ray Selected SourcesX-ray Selected Sources
Cardamone et al. (2008)
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X-ray Selected SourcesX-ray Selected Sources
Eckart et al. (2010)
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X-ray Selected SourcesX-ray Selected Sources
Eckart et al. (2010)
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SummarySummary
Eckart et al. (2010)
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24 24 m Selectionm Selection
Brand et al. (2006)
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24 24 m Selectionm Selection
Brand et al. (2006)
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AGN FractionAGN Fraction
Treister et al. (2006)
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AGN Contribution to IR AGN Contribution to IR BackgroundBackground
Treister et al. (2006)
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Fiore et al. 2008
Finding Heavily-Obscured AGNFinding Heavily-Obscured AGN
Mid-IRMid-IR X-ray StackingX-ray Stacking
FF2424/F/FRR>1000>1000
FF2424/F/FRR<200<200
• 4 detection in X-ray stack. Hard spectral shape, harder than X-ray detected sources.Good CT AGN candidates.• Similar results found by Daddi et al. (2007)
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Rest-Frame StackingRest-Frame Stacking
Good fit with either NH1023cm-2 or combination of CT AGN with star-forming galaxies.
Consistent results with observed-frame stacking.
Treister et al. ApJ 2009c
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X-Ray to Mid-IR RatioX-Ray to Mid-IR Ratio
~100x lower ratio for X-ray undetected sources.
Explained by NH~5x1024 to 1025cm-2
Treister et al. ApJ 2009c
Both X-rays and 12µm good tracers of AGN activity.
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X-Ray to Mid-IR RatioX-Ray to Mid-IR Ratio
Ratio for sources with L12µm>1043erg/s (~80% of the sources) ~2-3x higher than star-forming galaxies
Treister et al. ApJ 2009c
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Near to Mid-IR ColorsNear to Mid-IR Colors- Distributions significantly different- X-ray detected sources much bluer- Average f8/f24=0.2 for X-ray sources and 0.04 for X-ray undetected sample
BluerRedder
Well explained by different viewing angle (30o vs 90o) in the same torus model Can it be star-formation versus AGN?
Treister et al. ApJ 2009c
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Near to Mid-IR ColorsNear to Mid-IR Colors
Armus et al. 2007
ULIRG, LINER
ULIRG, Sey2
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IRAC ColorsIRAC Colors
[5.8]-[8] (Vega)
z=0-1
z>1
AGNFaint 8 µm
Treister et al. ApJ 2009c
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IRAC ColorsIRAC Colors
log (f5.8/f3.6)F
ain
t 8µ
m
Treister et al. ApJ 2009c
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Mid-IR/Radio SelectionMid-IR/Radio Selection
Donley et al. (2005)
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Mid-IR/Radio SelectionMid-IR/Radio Selection
Park et al. (2008)
Martinez-Sansigre et al. (2005)
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Mid-IR/Radio SelectionMid-IR/Radio Selection
Barger et al. (2007)
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Putting it all togetherPutting it all together
Hickox et al. (2009)
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AGN FractionAGN Fraction
Donley et al. (2008)
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q vs IR Lumq vs IR Lum
Kartaltepe et al. (2010)
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Stern DiagramStern Diagram
Kartaltepe et al. (2010)
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Mid-IR ExcessMid-IR Excess
Kartaltepe et al. (2010)
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Redshift and LRedshift and LIRIR DistributionsDistributions
Kartaltepe et al. (2010)
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AGN FractionAGN Fraction
Kartaltepe et al. (2010)