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Astronomers find spinning Black Holes' escape velocity following galactic collision

Malaysia SunWednesday 6th June, 2007

(ANI)

Washington, June 6 : Astronomers at the Rochester Institute ofTechnology (RIT) have found out for the first time how fast a BlackHole can be booted out from its host galaxy when two galaxies collide.

They say the spin velocity black holes carry prior to the merger orcollision determines the size and direction of the 'kick'.

"The magnitude of the kick comes from the spin orientation of theblack holes. This was shocking to the astrophysical community.People knew that the black-hole spins would affect kicks, but not tothis extent," said Manuela Campanelli, director of the Center forComputational Relativity and Gravitation in RIT's School ofMathematical Sciences.

Campanelli and her team derived a formula based on detailedcomputer simulations to predict the size and direction of the kick, orradiation recoil, that follows the merger of two black holes.

Black holes merge while spinning at the same speed but in differentdirections.

Based on the simulations, the team of scientists - which includesCarlos Lousto, Yosef Zlochower and David Merritt - determined thatsupermassive black holes could be ejected from a galaxy at a speedof 4,000 kilometres per second.

In contrast, non-spinning black holes can only be kicked from galaxieswith speeds of about 200 kilometres per second.

Though a black hole ejected from a galaxy at 4,000 kilometres persecond moves only at a fraction of the speed of light, it significantlyexceeds the galaxy escape velocity, which is 1,000 to 2,000kilometres per second for big galaxies.

The findings are schedule for publication in an upcoming issue of thePhysical Review Letters.

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