ATI – Cloud Computing

anton@ti.ukdw.ac.id

What is cloud computing?

Latar belakang: server

maintenance

Biaya IT berdasarkan infrastruktur

Cost model di perusahaan

Traditional cost model

Cloud cost model

Traditional vs. Cloud application

development

Structural Oriented Programming

Object Oriented Programming

Service Oriented

Architecture

Cloud Computing

Non Structural Programming

Programming

Internet

Mainframe

Client Server

Internet

Traditional vs. Cloud application

development

Single Tenant

Organisation

Organisation C

Organisation A

Organisation B

Compile time Application Generation

Relational DB Structure-Driven Architecture

Dedicated Resources

Traditional

Runtime Application Generation

Metadata-Driven Architecture

On Demand Shared Resources

Cloud

Infrastructure

Application

Platform

Infrastructure as a Service

Application as a Service

Platform as a

Service

Multitenant

Resources

Multiple Codebases

Local Environment

Complex Collaboration and Integration

No Sharing Constraints and Governance Limits

Resources

Single Codebase

Hosted

Simple Collaboration and Integration

Sharing Constraints and Governance Limits

Cloud Computing is…

… virtualized computing power and storage

delivered via platform-agnostic

infrastructures of abstracted hardware and

software, accessed over the Internet. software, accessed over the Internet.

These shared, on-demand IT resources, are

created and disposed efficiently, are

dynamically scalable through a variety of

programmatic interfaces and are billed

variably based on measurable usage.

What Cloud Computing for?

1. Web-scale problems

2. Large data centers

3. Different models of computing

4. Highly-interactive Web applications4. Highly-interactive Web applications

1. Web-Scale Problems

• 2 Characteristics:

– Data-intensive focused problem

– Processing-intensive focused problem

• Examples:• Examples:

– Crawling, indexing, searching, mining the Web

– Artificial Life

– Web 2.0 applications

How much data?

• Internet archive-Wayback Machine has 2 PB + 20 TB/month (2006)

• Google processes 20 PB a day (2008)

• “all words ever spoken by human beings” ~ 5 EB

• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has ~1 PB climate data (2007)

• CERN’s LHC (particle accelerator) will generate 15 PB a year (2008)

• Info: PB: PetaByte = 1024 TB, EB: ExaByte = 1024 PB

2. Large Data Centers

• Web-scale problems? throw more machines

at it!

• Trends: centralization of computing resources

in large data centersin large data centers

– Needs more infrastructures!

• Important Issues:

– Redundancy

– Efficiency

3. Different Computing Models

• Utility computing

– Why buy machines when you can rent?

– Examples: Amazon’s EC2, GoGrid, AppNexus

• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) – network

architects

• Platform as a Service (PaaS) - developers

• Software as a Service (SaaS) – end users

“Why do it yourself if you can pay someone to do it for you?”

The Cloud Computing Principles

- User centric: berorientasi pada pengguna

- Openness: teknologinya standard

- Interoperability: antar platform

- Evolution: mudah dikembangkan- Evolution: mudah dikembangkan

- Transparency: tidak perlu mempermasalahkan

dimana client dan servernya

- Security: keamanan terjamin

Cloud Computing’s Benefits

� Software as a Subscription

� Reduced Software Maintenance

� Cost Reduction

� Environmentally Friendly

� Matches Current Computing Trends

� Portability

� Version less Software

Ease of Use

• Deploy infrastructure with a API

– No cabling, screwdrivers, racking, unboxing,

buying

– Anytime, anywhere, anyplace– Anytime, anywhere, anyplace

– Do it yourself remotely from anywhere anytime

Risk

• Nothing to buy

• Cancel immediately

• Change instantly, even operating systems

• Throw it out• Throw it out

• Rebuild it instantly after testing

RISK

Reliability

• Based on enterprise grade hardware

• Design for failures:

– Automatically replacements

– Use multiple clouds– Use multiple clouds

Components of Cloud Computing

Architecture

• the front end - is the part seen by the client,

i.e. the computer user.

– This includes the client’s network (or computer)

and the applications used to access the cloud via and the applications used to access the cloud via

user interface such as a web browser.

• the back end - is the ‘cloud’ itself, comprising

various computers, servers and data storage

devices.

Cloud computing types

• Public clouds computing environment areopen for use to anyone who wants to sign up and

use them.

• These are run by vendors and applications

from different customers are likely to be from different customers are likely to be

mixed together on the cloud’s servers,

storage systems, and networks.

• Examples of a public cloud: Amazon Web Services

and Google's AppEngine

• A private cloud is basically an organization that needs

more control over their data than they can get by

using a vendor hosted service

Cloud computing types

• A hybrid cloud combine both public and private cloud

models.

Private dan Public Cloud

Cloud computing architecture

Cloud Service Provider

Security

Portal

Cloud Service Consumers

API

Software as a Service

Platform as a Service

Infrastructure as a Service

Infrastructure

Cloud Service Management

Cloud Computing Operating Environment Management

Cloud Business Management

Security

Cloud Tools

Cloud Application

User

Legacy System, Infrastructure

Local Development

Platform & IDE

Cloud Application Developer

Major Players’ Cloud Computing Services

Google

MicrosoftForce.com

Cordys

IBM

AmazonMOSSO

Force.com

Cloud Providers

Types of Cloud Services

1. IaaS

2. PaaS

3. SaaS

Perbedaan istilah

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

• sometimes referred as HaaS or Hardware as a Service and it involves both storage services and computing power.

• Provides user computing resources and storage comprised with many servers as an on-demand andcomprised with many servers as an on-demand and“pay per use” service: Data Center, Bandwidth, Private Line Access, Servers and Server Room, Firewall, Storage space, VPN …..

• Examples:

– Amazon EC2 (ElasticComputeCloud)

– Rackspace: cheaper than EC2 www.rackspace.com

Cloud “Infrastructure”

• Provide “Compute” and “Storage” clouds

• Virtualization layers (hardware/software)

• Examples: Amazon EC2, GoGrid, Amazon S3, Nirvanix, Linode

• Advantages: Full control of environments and infrastructure

• Disadvantages: premium price point, limited competition• Disadvantages: premium price point, limited competition

Platform as-a-Service (PaaS)

�With PaaS, computing platform provides supplies tools and a development environment to help companies build, test, and deploy Web-based applications.

�Bundles all stack components (hardware, infrastructure, storage) together with database, security, workflow, user interface, and other tools infrastructure, storage) together with database, security, workflow, user interface, and other tools that allow users to create and host powerful business applications, web sites, and mobile apps.

�API based, rapid application with low cost

Examples

– Sales force http://www.force.com

– Windows Azure

Cloud “Platforms”

• “Closed” environments

• Examples: Google App Engine, Heroku, Mosso, Engine Yard,

Joyent or Force.com (SalesForce Dev Platform)

• Advantages: Good for developers, more control than

“Application” Clouds, tightly configured“Application” Clouds, tightly configured

• Disadvantages: Restricted to what is available, other

dependencies

Software as a Service (SaaS )

• Applications or software is delivered as a

service to the customer who can access the

program from any online device, eliminating

the need to install and run the application on the need to install and run the application on

the customer's own computers and simplifying

maintenance and support.

• Ex: Hotmail, Google Apps, Skype, Sales Force

• Also called: on-demand service

SaaS can be defined through five key

ideas:

• Services are fully managed and hosted;

• Have regular recurring payments (Pay-As-

They-Go and Pay-As-They-Grow);

• Allow for anytime, anywhere access (usually • Allow for anytime, anywhere access (usually

24/7 services) ;

• Have multiple tenants on servers

• Don’t require installation of specialized

software

Cloud “Applications”

• Most common Cloud / Many providers of different services

• Examples: Gmail, Yahoo! Mail, Quicken Online, Skype

• Advantages: Free, Easy, Consumer Adoption

• Disadvantages: Limited functionality, no control or access to

underlying technologyunderlying technology

Cloud OS & Addition

• EyeOS - http://www.eyeos.com/

• ZeroPC - http://www.zeropc.com/

• Cloud computing is eco-friendly

• Cloud computing is impossible without the

Internet

• The key of cloud computing is trust!

Cloud Computing @ Daily life

$50 per user

per year

Future clouds

Future clouds

Cloud computing and IT issues:

• Service level agreements – What assurances do we have for uptime, legal protection, and security?

• Uptime and reliability – How does this provider compare to being able to locally host and manage our resources?

• Cost and affordability – What personnel and technology resources are involved with a hosted versus local solution?

• Legal and organizational issues• Legal and organizational issues – What organizational and legal issues do we need to consider? Are we sure that the platform and our connection to it are secure?

• Staff knowledge – How would migrating to this platform impact staff knowledge and competency? Do we know everything that we need to know?

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