atomic structure timeline use the following information to complete the lecture handout. on...
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![Page 1: Atomic Structure Timeline Use the following information to complete the lecture handout. On tomorrow’s quiz, you will be expected to… –draw the atomic](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d845503460f94a6ac6d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Atomic Structure Timeline
• Use the following information to complete the lecture handout.
• On tomorrow’s quiz, you will be expected to…– draw the atomic models– match scientists to their experiments and
discoveries– place the models in chronological order
![Page 2: Atomic Structure Timeline Use the following information to complete the lecture handout. On tomorrow’s quiz, you will be expected to… –draw the atomic](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d845503460f94a6ac6d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Democritus (400 B.C.)
• Proposed that matter was composed of tiny indivisible particles
• Not based on experimental data
• Greek: atomos
![Page 3: Atomic Structure Timeline Use the following information to complete the lecture handout. On tomorrow’s quiz, you will be expected to… –draw the atomic](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d845503460f94a6ac6d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Alchemy (next 2000 years)
• Mixture of science and mysticism. • Lab procedures were developed, but alchemists did not
perform controlled experiments like true scientists.
![Page 4: Atomic Structure Timeline Use the following information to complete the lecture handout. On tomorrow’s quiz, you will be expected to… –draw the atomic](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d845503460f94a6ac6d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
John Dalton (1807)
• British Schoolteacher– based his theory on others’
experimental data
• Billiard Ball Model– atom is a
uniform, solid sphere
![Page 5: Atomic Structure Timeline Use the following information to complete the lecture handout. On tomorrow’s quiz, you will be expected to… –draw the atomic](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d845503460f94a6ac6d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
John Dalton
Dalton’s Four Postulates
1. Elements are composed of small indivisible particles called atoms.
2. Atoms of the same element are identical. Atoms of different elements are different.
3. Atoms of different elements combine together in simple proportions to create a compound.
4. In a chemical reaction, atoms are rearranged, but not changed.
![Page 6: Atomic Structure Timeline Use the following information to complete the lecture handout. On tomorrow’s quiz, you will be expected to… –draw the atomic](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d845503460f94a6ac6d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Henri Becquerel (1896)
• Discovered radioactivity– spontaneous emission of
radiation from the nucleus
• Three types:– alpha () - positive– beta () - negative– gamma () - neutral
![Page 7: Atomic Structure Timeline Use the following information to complete the lecture handout. On tomorrow’s quiz, you will be expected to… –draw the atomic](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d845503460f94a6ac6d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
J. J. Thomson (1903)
• Cathode Ray Tube Experiments– beam of negative particles
• Discovered Electrons– negative particles within
the atom
• Plum-pudding Model
![Page 8: Atomic Structure Timeline Use the following information to complete the lecture handout. On tomorrow’s quiz, you will be expected to… –draw the atomic](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d845503460f94a6ac6d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
J. J. Thomson (1903)
Plum-pudding Model– positive sphere
(pudding) with negative electrons (plums) dispersed throughout
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Ernest Rutherford (1911)
• Gold Foil Experiment
• Discovered the nucleus– dense, positive charge in
the center of the atom
• Nuclear Model
![Page 10: Atomic Structure Timeline Use the following information to complete the lecture handout. On tomorrow’s quiz, you will be expected to… –draw the atomic](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d845503460f94a6ac6d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Ernest Rutherford (1911)
• Nuclear Model– dense, positive nucleus surrounded by
negative electrons
![Page 11: Atomic Structure Timeline Use the following information to complete the lecture handout. On tomorrow’s quiz, you will be expected to… –draw the atomic](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d845503460f94a6ac6d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Niels Bohr (1913)
• Bright-Line Spectrum– tried to explain presence
of specific colors in hydrogen’s spectrum
• Energy Levels– electrons can only exist in
specific energy states
• Planetary Model
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Niels Bohr (1913)
• Planetary Model
– electrons move in circular orbits within specific energy levels
Bright-line spectrum
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Erwin Schrödinger (1926)
• Quantum mechanics – electrons can only exist in
specified energy states
• Electron cloud model – orbital: region around the
nucleus where e- are likely to be found
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Erwin Schrödinger (1926)
Electron Cloud Model (orbital)• dots represent probability of finding an e-
not actual electrons
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James Chadwick (1932)
• Discovered neutrons– neutral particles in the
nucleus of an atom
• Joliot-Curie Experiments– based his theory on their
experimental evidence
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James Chadwick (1932)
Neutron Model• revision of Rutherford’s Nuclear Model