autocad 2007 manual
TRANSCRIPT
894-:l5BO/S43-6519 926-3286/97198
,. Bac::oo,r
10451970-19'/6/417·'1034, '
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alPampanga
2.46-7004/963-lIlO5
1M Manila
522-9272 fl.
1M Sta. M.esa
714-3n3/::B
,f)((NorthEDSAMakati
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(Computer- Aided Designl Draftlngand Color Rendering)
A STUDENT LABORATORY MANUALIMPORTANT ... !!!
This laboratory manual is provided FREE to registered"AUTOCAD" students of Microcadd. It is provided to support thelearning process of an Mcad stud€:nts during the duration of thecourse only. However, students are not allowed to use this manualbeyond its purpose, nor be shared to another individual, group, orcompany.
No part of this manual maybe reproduced or transmitted byphotocopying, by recording, by any electronic means or otherwise.
More so, no part maybe used as a teaching reference or asan instructional' material without written approval from MicrocaddTechnologies Co. Inc.
Philippine Copyright 2006 by
MICROCADD TECHNOLOGIES co., INC.
[.
CUBAO MAKATI 8M City 8M City 8M 8M 8M City5·FLR GIII-B Ground Fir. North Edsa MANILA Centerpoint Pampal)ga BacoorDalia Consolacion Gallel)! Bldg. Amorsolo Unit 155 A. Slh level Arroceros 3" FLR Unit 154 MaIn Lower groundBld9· Sl. Le9aspl VIII. Makatl Ground FIr. Cor" R. Magsaysay Bldg., AguInaldo Hi£Araneta Center, City Cyberzone San Marcelino St. Cor., Araneta 8M Pampanga, Cor. Tirona HCubao, 894 -2580 926- 3286 Manila Ave., Ste. Mesa City of San Brgy lIabay, EQuezon City. 843 - 6519 926-3298 522-9272 Mia. Fernando Cavite911-2055 484-1365 714-3713 (045) 963-0805 (046) 970-19,
714-3736 963-3046 (046) 417-70:
~MICROCADD TECHNOLOGIES co., INMANUAL RELEASES: AUTOCAD 12/1993, AUTOCAD 13/1994. AUTOCAD R141 1997, AUTOCAD 2000 /1999. AUTOCAD 2001 /2[AUTOCAD2004. AUTOCAD2005,AUTOCAD2006
-.--- ----:"'------~--
ints are not allowed to wear .Wing
inside the MeAD,~~~~lroom:
sIJppers/sandais shorts head gear f!frf<lr'men
2, Students are not allowed to bring.ven water and 'smOking inside the laboratory.
, Ai ~:.:3, Students may have the.lr 500ml f~filled with for free except for SM Sta Mesa Branch.. ~ ~
4. For Cubao Branch,.'':::' shou:be done only In the far end of the corridor near the.ror the convenience of the majority. (non-smokers)
5. Students should set their~o silent or Vibratory mode once inside the laboratory room.Moreso, students should entertain calls outsida the laboratory room Irregardless If the student isattending the class or just having hands-on / practicing.
ro---l i~--=::l6. Students are 'not allowed to." ~. move, alter, dismantle and exchange any equipmentInside MCAD laboratory. Students are not allowed to modify thermostat setting of the AlC unit ortouch any electrical panels. ,
7. Students are not allowed to install any@ ~~oftware or hardware, run any~:or VCD inMCAD laboratory and library using MCAD equip'ment.
B. Students are ~ot allowed to use a~y kind of ~\.~\,or any recording devicesInside MeAD premises without written authorizallO~rOmthe top management.
9. Students are not allowed to bring any f/''.~! companion inside (who is not enrolled In· thesame course) inside his/her class. If the companion was a student, Inform him/her to pro-ceed at the frontdesk area and LOG. "" , -- _ ". , _ _'I10. Students are not allowed to distribute calling cards!~,} brochure.flyers,. '.,or any similar whose Intention (direct/indirect) is to marltet his/her services (similar to the services of Microcadd) without written approval of the top management.
11. Students should keep OFFtllfltt4~ on walls along the corridors and laboratory
12. Students are not allowed to alter wallpaper of Windows Settings of PC's application softwares and operating sy~tes.
: ',: .. 'IMP~ORTANTm-
13. Incase of ~f;~ ":':~nd MalaCafi~ngdecla'res ~uspenslon of classes in all levels, morning classes (8:00a.m. / 9:00am schedules) ere automatically suspended. 10 - 6, 1 - 6, and 6 - 9classes, the decision will stili be based on the current weather status and shall be decided hy theManagement of Microcadd Tech. All students MUST calUtext the following contact numbers 2 .h, prior to the start of cl~'il!rconfirmationpurpose: ~ \ ."
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
31323233
343535363637
LESSON IElectronic Data Processing (EDP)Input Devices .Output Devices .Printing Devices .Data Storages .Softwares .
LESSON IISlepping into AutoCAD .Startup Dialog Box ..Understanding the AuloCAD WindowUsing Button Functions of a Mouse .Understanding Toolbars, Function Keys,
S18tus Bar .Using Line, F8, Erase & Oops .AutoCAD Coordinate System .
Absolute Coordinate .Relative Rectang Coordinate .Relative Polar Coordinate .Direct Distance Entry .Polar Tracking and Snap .Dynamic Inpul .
II2223
4:\67
8911IIII12121314
LESSON IVDrawing & Labelling a Simple Plan
Offset . .Fillet ..Trim .
Drafting ofA StudioTextlDtext/Mtext
JusrifYing rextText I Dtexl ..Mtext .
Special Text CharactersAutostBCk ..
~ullets and Numbering ..Editing TextfDtext IMtext
Spell 38Ddedit 3RProperty Icon .. __ 39Quick Select 40Find 40
Text Style and Fonls 41Table 42Field 43
LESSON illDraw CommandsLinears
Line .Trace .
Fill .Pline .Sketch .Mline .Ray .Xline .
CurvesCircle .Revcloud .Donut .. __ .'Spline .Ellipse .Arc .
Special ObjectsRectang .. ..Polygon .Hatch ..
15
16161616171021818
192020212130
222324
LESSON VUnits 44Computing Onscreen Paper Size 44Drafting a Title Block. 45Display and View Commands....... 47Utilities Commands.. 48
LESSON VIModify and Construct Commands
Command to DuplicateArray........................................... 50Copy............................................... 52Offset 31Mirror 53
Command to Clean CornersFillet 32Chamfer 54
Command to ModifY Object o.rientationRotate .. 54
Move 55AJign 55
Command to Resize ObjectScale 56Stretch 56
Object Snaps 27
AutoGAD 2007Web silt: hIlp:lhtww.lrio'OCiutd..romCD. [• :',
E-md:[email protected]
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~ MICRClCADD TECHNOLOGIES
LESSON VIIILayer 85Matchprop 89Floor Plan '91Multiple Document Environment 92
Command to Edit Polyline{'edit 57Explode ,............................................... 58
Use of Grips' 58Command to change position of endpoints
Extetid ,...... 59Lengthen 59Change........................................................ 60Break 60Join 60
Creating 2D Templates 61
LESSON VIIBlocking
Group 66Block : 67Insen 68Explode '68Wblock 69Rename 70Purge 70
Dynamic-Block 71AutoCAD Design Center 76Tool Palette 78Refedit 79Point, Divide and Measure 80Attributes 89Inquiry 82
138139139140141
137
15715715H
LFSSON xm3D Surface Model ofa House......... 1253D Exterior Composition 1263DFace 127
LESSONxn2DI3D Section 123Live 3D Section 124To Generate Elevation "......................... 124
LESSON XIV3D Orbit 134
Viewing a 3D Model............................ 135Camera 136
LESSON XVITiled Vports and Floating VportsModel Space and Layout .Non-rectangular Viewports "Page Setup ..Final Composition " " " .
LESSON XI3D Modelling
3D Surface and 3D Solid 105Converting Primitives Inlo a 3D Model. 105
Solid Editing 107Commandsto Create and Edit 3D Objects. 107Creating a 3D Model (using 3D solid)... 107Vpoint 109Vports 110User Coordinate System (UCS) IIIDynamic UCS 112Vasiables to Control 3D Solid Triangulation. and Isolines 113
Visual Styles 113Creating oDD Templates 115Interior (Maste~s Bed no.) Composition... 120Other 3D Related Commands
Helix _..................... 122Sweep 122Loft 122Thicken 122
Table a/Conlents I II
LESSON XVXREF .
LESSONXVIllIsosnap and Isocircle
Snapstyle .Creating Isocircle .Creating a Plumbing Layout .
i02103104
939495969.798;"00101
LESSON XDimension
AutoCAD Dimension Method ..Creatjng Curve Dimension .(;reating. Linear Dimension .
Leader ..Linear, Continue and Baseline Dimension .Dimension Commands and Variables .Creating Dimension Styles , .Editing Dimension Properties .
Creating Multi-linesMIine .Mlstyle .Mledil .
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~.MICROCADD TECHNClLClGIE5 CO. (
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LESSON XVII
Color Rendering ,_Assigning Colo," .Assigning Materials .Tiling ofMaterials .Saving ofRender Image .FogEffecl .Image Size and Resolution .Image Background : .Assigning Lights .Sun Sludy .Animation .
LESSON XIX
14514614714814814914915015!154155
Table ofContents I
ExercisesCoordinates -.. -, .Offset and Trim .Isometric _ _ - .Mechanical Drawings .DetaiLings ,_Lighting Switch Layuut ..Convenience outlet .Waste Line piping Layout .Water Line Layout .Architectural Layout .
III
187188189190191194194195195196
Hardware Setup 159Plotting Procedure J59Configuring AutoCAD Preferences 160To Configure a Local, Non- system Plotter........ I~ ITo Creale Color Dependent Plot Style 162PageSetup 163
SPECIAL LESSONDisplaying Drawing Properties 164Importing Text 164Filtering Layers 165Slide Show.... 166HYPerlinks 167Saving objects to other file format 168Creatinga3D Studio File 168Managing Sheet Set............................................ 169Pasting Table Data from Microsoft ExceL......... 171Dview Command 1723DSurface Command 175Basic Windows :........ 176
Auloead Quick ReferenceToolbars 181Coordinate Entry 1.83Workspace , :........................... 184To change Keyhoard Shortcuts :............... 185Ohject Selection 186
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MICROCADD TECHNOLOGIES CO.'.1I1." :ltf.'
WIll me: btlp:JJwwwJTiatodd..comE-m;i:mcadftmictccadU:om AutoCAD 2007
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1. Keyboard - It is a primary input device for every
computer. Used for entering commands and texts,although this medium of data entry is limiting to a non
typist user.
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Electronic Data Pt-ocessing (EDP)Hardware - refers to the computer itself and peripht!ralsSoftware refers to program and dataPeopleware ~ refers to the user I operator
COMPUTER HARDWARE(parts and History)
B. Input Devices
Lenon I ~
tJectrollic Dala Processing II 1
Digitiz.er wit" stylus pe.nand cursor (pu.,fk)
Track ball
Stylus pen
mOlise
Cursor (puck)
2. Mice· small square devices with a cord connecting
tl? the computer which use the table top to point 10
various objects nnd menus on tIlt: screen. They arefunctional tor cOn1puter- aided design. free-torm draw·
in.g, sening margins and tabs in word processing.
'/
4. Joystick - Popular for playing computer games. It. can be moved in several directions.
S. Touch Screens· Works by merely pointing yourfinger at so'mething on the screen. They work well forpicrorial image~. but not for [ext.
3. Digitizer - Tablets used in combination wI a
puck, Iightpen or stylus. Great for computer aided design and engineering.
L 80286 model- a clone of IBM's AT which was basedon file! 80286 microprocessor and can address 16MB of memory, but it was always operated with PC
or MS DOS (obsolete).
II. 80386 Model- a computer built around an 80386microprocessor. It uses the same bl;ls (internalcom~
munications system) as an 80286 machine. An 80386CPU. due to hardware design. limits physical memoryto 16 MB.
a. 80386-Sxb.80386-Dx
IBM/PC or PC compatIble.
A. Systems Unit - A box shape part ofcomputer containiog the computer's CPU (Central Processing Unit)motherboard, interfnce cards, simm rams, data storagedevice & drives. The most popular models is Pentium4. The PC AT's were obsolete model and were populor during the 80's.
Development of ffiM-PC / compatible computers
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7. Touchpads - Most common device in D. laptop PCcomputer. It can be also seen in commercial uses likein automatic banking machines. appliances. and as keyreplacement for traditional cash register keys.
8. Barcodes Scanners· used to scan UPC codes toenter and aUlomutically print out item names & prices.They can also hI:: used for inventory tracking systemsand for education.
6. Lightpens· P~ll shaped devices used to point ob·jects & menus on scn:en. Used in CAD systems.
Co. ( W~b 5il!: Ilnp:lt-w.trlaocadd com )
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III. 80486 model - a computer built around an 80486microprocessor. Data transfer was 32 bits per cycle.it had a built-in math·coproeessor and can accommodate 8MB cache. An 80486 can address 64 MB ofphysical memory (obsolete).
a 80486 DIe no math·cob.80486-Sx no moth-coc. 80486-Dx built-in math-cod. 80486-Dx2 built-in math-co
N.Pentium 450 MHz to J GHz, latest P IV has 512k2level cache. It has an Intel speed step technology. Whichallows faster internet communication & amazing 3Ddisplay & animation.The PIlI .\ GHz is equipped withan advance 0.18 micron processor.
~ M'C.DCAoD TEcHNoeoG'E'
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8.0 GB Hlml Disk
CD ROM with CD ROM drive
Lesson} .Electronic Data Processing ~
Web 1iIa: hlIp:l/lll'llrw.nicrotilld.comE·matm:[email protected]
Type of plotters nre:
-Large Format Inltjet Plotters - It is the cheapest andwidely used Large Format Plotter for CAD & posteroutput. It uses CMYK liquid toner. dye-based (for indoor) or pigmented (for outdoor - 6 months maxi~
mum.)' .
~Large Format Laser Printers - up to E-size output,and may prod~ce hi-resolution color/mono prints.
-Pen PloUers -either Drum type (roller beds) or XYtype (flatbed). Pen plotters had to 20 or more pens(ink pen/lead pen), though most software restrictedthe numberto eight Sizes ranges from A to E (obsolete).
-Thermnl Plotters ~ no pens, no toners. and no noise.Thermals ranges from A to E;-With resolutions upto 400 dpi nnd plots lOx [asler than pen plouers.Thennni plotters use a special media.
-Electrostatic Plotter - process begins as the plotterelectrically charges a special media. attaches toner tothat charge. removes excess 'toner, then dries the plot.Veclor imnges (line) are converted first into raster (dot)image beton: processing begins. Resollltions range from200 dpi to 400 dpi, and most are D-E sizes (for outdoor dispIRy).
Tape drives
~~
~ ..11" ,
.'Floppy tlrives
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3. Plotters Sizes ranges from A to E ·dimensions. Printsusing different paper media, pen types and colors.They are essential for CAD.
1. RAM (Random Access Memory) - is a.primary storagemedia, a chip were installed ill your PC board SIMM
RAM (Single In-!ine Memory Module) measured in byles.All data are temporary stored in this media and transferlater on a secondary storag~ media like floppy disk, harddisk or any medium where y.ou can store and can be retrieve
your data.
Data Storage ~ Anything where electronic data can be stored.
Inkjet plotter
HP Laser printer
MI~R[JCAD~ TECHNOLOGIES CO. [
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Flatbed pel.' plotter
9. Scanners - Digitize image (photograph) into a bitmapfile. For converting drawings into raster file. Scanners comein different siz!:? from a hand scanner to an E··size equipment.
full bed scanller
2. Laser Printers - offers a superb print quality, equal totypesetting, and a wide variety of font types & sizes.Laser printers are fast but quite expensive. Uses powdertoner for iq.k-source.
3. Inkjet - Good print quaJity, cheaper th,an 18Sl$r printers.Uses liquid toner for ink source.
1. Dot Matrix Printers - form letters out ofa combinationof dots. They are faster and less expensive than othertype of printers. Uses ribbons for ink-source.
10. Voice Input wWorksfor B single user system, andfor applications with a limited vocabulary.
Printing Hardware Devices
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Photo Paint, Adobe Photoshop, Fractal Designs and PCPaint brush.
C. NetworkSoftwareNetwork Software and Hardware allow user to conduct andinterchange information from PC to another PC computers. ATypical consists of a PC computer (Pentuim or Higher pro·cessor type) as a host computer with up to 72 PC'S attached.Cost advantages to a network include shared software andprinters, and less expensive terminals than a stand-alone system. Popular software are Windows NT, Novell and 3-Com.
8. Educational SoftwareUsed in schools and Institution to enhance teaching ofba~
sicskills 10 students such as reading, math, spelling, geography, biology and history.
6. Desktop Publishing SoftwareUnlike a wordprocessor software, it provi~es a :variety offonts and is designed for page layouting. Desktop·soft.wares are efficient alternative to manual typesetting in sevenil cases. Popular softwares include pageMakerCorelDraw& Microsoft Publisher.
B. Operating System ProgramsTranslate commands typed in by user into computer understable terms (bits & bytes). The 3 main PC system programsare CP/M (Control Program for Microprocessor), MS-DOS(Microsoft Disk Operating System), Microsft Windows 98 I2000 I NT & PC-DOS. (personal Computer Disk OperatingSystem).
7. Integrated SoftwareA group ofsoftwares performing several functions such asas word processing, spreadsheet caicillation, presentationdatabase management, graphics and ·data communication.Popular software include:s MS Office.
Softwares used to solve some need of the user. They caneither be purchased or custom written in programming'languages (see programming langua~esfor del.).
1. Word ProcessingDesigned to replace function ordinarily performed on 8
type writer or manually, MS Word is an ex.ample of apopular word processing software today.
Z. Floppy Dis},· Floppy disks come in two sizes. 5~11
4"1360 Kb & 1.2 Mb obsolete.) and 3-112" (720Kb &1.44 Mb.) Floppy disks are made of polyurethane orMyll1r Bnd are covered with iron oxide. Floppy disk ishoused with a protective flexible plastic jacket
The following are main types ofpurchased' softwares available in the market today
A. Application Sof(wares
2. Spreadsheet! Accounting SoftwareUsed for applications otherwise performed with a pencil, calculator and accounting worksheet; Useful forbudgeting, accounts payable/receivables, cash flowanalysis. Microsoft Excel is a popular spread sheetpacknge todoy.
3. lIord Disk - A fixed disk drive installed inside your CPUor removable type. 1l offers a capacity of 4.3 - 8.4 (common size) to 2J gb. It stores and retrieves data much fasterthan floppy disk drive. The AT Hard Disk perform twicelaster than XT's Hard Disk.
4. Magnetiq Tape - Good as back-up storage oflarge data.It comes whh a sp·eciai drive, and access to data is usuallysequential.
SOFTWARES
Lesson IIElectronic Data Processing
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3. Computer Aided Design and DraftingUsed for design and drafting program ofarchitectural.and engineering drawing. Popular softwares areAutoCAD, Intergraph, Draw Base, etc.
4.0atabaseUsed for organizing and presenting data in several manners,depending in purpose. DatabasemanBgement software packages includes Microsoft Access, dBASE &FoxPRO.
5. Paint ProgramUsed to print/retouch photograph images, unlike CAD.most paint programs are for freehand Drawings, lesserin dimensional accumcy. Popular softwares are Corel
D. Communication SoftwareUsed to share infonnation between PC and a Mainframe orMinicomputer and Access "Public Bulletin Board" and "WorldWide Web" for information such as stock reports. reservation, etc. Popular software includes Relay, smarteon, Crosstalkand .Gateway.
E ...programming LanguagesUsed for ~~mmunicatiQn directi.ons to the computer. A pro~lJ1er does nQt.nqrmal write program in machine languagebut.ins~e.ad write them in a source language which will trans·"I~tedh)to:fl machi'lie language for execution on the computerupon loading. Popular programming languages include Assembler. BASIC. ClC++. dBASE and Pascal.
MIC:ROC:ADD TECHNOLOGIES C:O. (. . ~ . ,
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Lesson IIStepping into AlitoeAD
A: STEPPING INTO AUTOCAD
4
BrowserProcessorRAMVideoHard DrivePointing DeviceInstallation Media
I)I· i
Listed below are the recommended system requirements for running this releaseofAutocad
System Requirements for AlltoCAD 2007 for users that are focusing on 2Ddrawing creation are as follows:Operating System : Microsoft Windows XP Professional, Home or
Tablel PC Edition, Windows 2000 SP 4Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 SP I or higherInter Pentil101 IV (recommended) .
: 512 MB1024 X 768 with True Color750 MB (Installation)
: MS-mouse compliant: CD·ROM (any speed for instnllation)
System Requin:mellts for AutoCAD 2007 for users thnt nrc tnking ndvflmage ofthe new conceptual design capabilities nre as follows:
AuloCAD
------l! /.I1.mDlQld~..
2. From Desktop,Use right clickon Alitocod 2007
icon to displayshortell! menu
; Windows XP SP2: Inter Pentium IV • 3.0 GI-lz: 2.0 OB or greater
1280 X 1024 32·bit color video display adapterwith True Color
128 MB or greater, Open·OL capableworkstation cla?s graphic card
; 2.0 GB avnilablc not including installation
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Hard Drive
Operating SystemProcessorRAMVideo
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3. From Start menu (Microsoft" Windows'), choose Programs.Then choose ji-o,n the menll Alltadesk, AlitoCad 2007, AutoeAD 2007
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E·mal [email protected]
B: STARTING AutoCAD1. From the Desktop,
dOllble click theAlitoCAD 2007 icon
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fig. ill-l. showing Create Nf!W DraWing dialog box
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c: SELECT TEMPLATE DIALOG BOXCommand: STARTUP (press enter)Enter new value for STARTUP <I>: 0 (press enter)
D:
Lesson JJStepping into AutoCAD
Note:0- Don't.show the start-up dialog
]- Shol-I' the start-up dialog
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OPEN A DRAWING: Opens a drawing you select from a list ofthe nine most recentlyopened drawings. Also, it displays the Browse button that you choose to look foranother file.
START FROM SCRATCH: Opens a new drawing based on the measurementsystem you choose: Imperial* (feet and inches) or Metric (millimeters).
USE A TEMPLATE: Opens a new drawing based on a template you select from alist. Itdisplays template files (*.dwt extension) that exist in the Drawing TemplateFile location as specified in the Options dialog box.Templates files store all thesettings for a drawing and can also include predefined layers, dimension styles, andviews.
USE A WIZARD : Opens a new drawing that you set lip using either the Quick SetupWizard or the Advanced Setup Wizard.
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Status bar
!,..... ,
Modify toolbar'" Pull-down menu
The following is the process of using dialog box to set default setting of AutoCAD Toolbars:I. Click Options from the shortcut menu.2. In the Options dialog, click Profiles tab3. Choose Resel button4. Select Yes5. Choose OK
jig. IJI-2. A new look ofAUloead drawing editor(defaull selling qf loolbars)
Properties toolbar
rcrossh~ir
-¥.
Draw toolbar
When you start Autocad, the Autocad window opens. The window is your deSign work space. It
contains elements that you use to create your designs and to receive information about them. The followingillustration shows the main parts ofthe Autocad Window:
Tille bar
E: UNDERSTANDING THE AUTOCAD USER INTERFACE
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RECENT COMMANDS -At the conunand window,right click to display a shortcut menu of previouscommands. (figlJl-?)
Right Button / Right Click Shortcut
Pick or Point button
to specifY a point location/positionto select objects Icommands/menus
Lesson JJStepping into AlitoCAD
Rapid access is given to the available menu options.Different shortcut menus are available at different time.
Left Button
COll1MAND MODE - During a oommand in progress,right click. The menu displays the options spe-cific to that command. (fig.IIl-6)
EDITMODE - With objects selected, but no command
in progress, right click. (fig.Jll-4)
DIALOG MODE - In modal dialogs, or in dialog tabs,
right click. (figJIJ-5)
DEFAULT - At the drawing area. with no command in
progress. or selection set available, right click. (fig.JIJ-3)
Fig.Ill-? Recent commands
I.
2.
{:: USING BUTTON FUNCTIONS OF A MOUSE
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LOCK-toggle lock/unlock of
loolbars or windowsNote: From Wi/zdOlv
menu » Lock Localion
Lesson JJStepping intoAlltoCAD
Text screen (Ioggle)
'I' >I Cursor coordnl!lte v<!!lue~ ~. I
Locate aToolbar for relocation using grab bar.
ISnap 10 Cenler!
ToolTipA text stringis displayed
SeparatorA bar placed ina toolbar 10 separate commandgroups.
I,'" Snop (F9) i
'" Grid (F7) ,
! 01 Ortho (Fe) ~I '" Pelar (FlO) !i >I OSnep (F3) ,
1>1 OTracl:(Fll) li >I Dynamic UCS (f6) . :
I'" Oynanic Input (FI2) !'" l>1.w~1 ~'" Pop.rlMed.1 tI'" Cle.n Saeen (Ch'I+O)
Single click access ! rray Setlin9""
Use a single click to toggle On or Off settings.: "C;;"';"'te""'xt"''''''~~'e'''' n"'~"''''''"",....,J Q
Right click Each iteni has n menuAn associated dialog box is displayed , :.; I, that is displayed by right
<fif' Press Ielrll [I to turn on/offthe commandline window clicking the tool.
COOLBAR
Coolbar is thena~e given tothe ani-mated behaviorof the toolbars.
I: STATUS BAR
H: USING FUNCTION KEYSFUNCTION KEYS DESCRIPTIONS
FI Online HelpF2 Switches between Graphics screen andF3 Turns Osnap ON/OFFF4 Turns Tablet ON/OFFF5 Cycles to Top, Right & Left IsoplanesF6 Turns Dynamic UCS ON/OFFF7 Turns Grid ON/OFFF8 Turns Ortho ON/OFFF9 Turns Snap ON/OFFFlO Turns Polar Tracking ON/OFFFll Object Snap Tracking ON/OFFFl2 Turns Dynamic lnput ON/OFF
G: Understanding Toolbal's
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.I: EXERCISE USING LINE
jig. 11I-9. Exercise I (line & F8)
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: L (enler): pick pl. A: pick pt. B: pick pt. C: pick pt. D: pick pt. A: tvpe Center
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Exerc. # 2: Using Different Selection Methods
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LastPickboxWindowCrossingAll
a) Using Last
Selects the most recently created visible object.
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CommandSelect objectsSelect objects
: E (enter): L (enter): press enter
Command : OOPS (enler)-restores objects erased by the last
ERASE command.
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b) Using PickboxA small box, called the pickbox, replaces thecrosshairs on the graphics cursor.You can select objects individually with the pointing device.
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Command
: E (enter): pick line E: pick liJle F: press ellter
: PICKBOX (enler)-to resize the pickbox
Pickbox will appear on-screen.This will allow yOLI to selectindividual objects.
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Lesson II, 10Selection Method ~
<::ommandSelect objectsSelect objectsSelect objectsSelect objectsSelect objectsSelect objectsSelect objects
Cancels the selection pfthe object Illost recentlyadded to the selection set.
Irtl
e) Using All
Selects all objects (except objects in Lo.ekedor Frozen Layers)
CommandSelect objectsSelect objects
l) Using Undo
B
A
d) Using Crossing
Selects objects within and crossing an areadefined by two points. A crossing selection is displayed as dashed lines or otherwise highlighted to differentiate it from window selection. Specif'yingthe comers fromright to left creates a crossing selection'.
Command . : E (enter)Select objects : pick pt. AOpposite corner: pick pL BSelect objects : press enter
·Comm~nd : E (enter).• ' Selectobjects : pick pt. C
Opposite comer: pick pL DSelect objects : press enter
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c) Using Window
Selects all objects completely inside a rectangle defmed by two points. Specif'yingthecomers from left to right creates a window selection.
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Ii:: AutoCAD COORDINATE SYSTEM
2. Relative CoordinatesSpecifY a point relative to the X & Ydistance from the last point in the format @X,Y (or X,Y,Z for 3D point),where@ is a relative last point or lastpoint.
I. Absolute CoordinatesSpecifY a point by entering its X andY values in the formatX,Y (or X,Y,Zfor 3D point). Use absolute X,Y coor·dinates when you know the precise Xand Y values of the location of thepoint.
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Exer #1 : Using Absolute Coordinate System
Exer#2: Using Relative Rectangular Coordinates
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Exer #3: Using Relative Pola~ Coordinates
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CommandFirst PointNext PointNext PointNext PointNext PointNext Point
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<I}y Ortho or Polar must be ON
4. Direct Distance EntrySpecify a point by moving yonr pointingdevice to the direction of the point andentering a distance
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3, Relative Polar Coordinate
Specify a point by entering a distance andan angle relative to the last point in theformat @Distance<Polar Angle.
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Lesson II J 13Coordinates •
Exer #5 : Combination ofMethods
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5. Polar Tracldng and Snap
Specify a point by moving your pointingdevice to the direction of the point andfollows temporary alignment paths to locate point.
Exer #5: Using Polar Tracking "!1dSnap
a, SNAP OnPolar distance
b, POLAROnIncrement Angle
c, LINE
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DYNAMIC INPUT
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Dynamic Input provides a command interface 'near the. cursor to help yOll keep your foctis in the draftingarea. When Dynamic Input is on, tooltips display information near the cursor that is dynamically updatedas the cursor moves. When a command is' active, the tooltips provide a place for lIser entry.
A. To Tum on/off, click DYN button at the status bar or press FI2.._---.-_ ...._--_._--_ .. _.._-~.....~.
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F.TABLE
E. TEXTIDTEXTIMTEXT
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A.LINEARS
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ellipse ~'ellipse arc
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Dfig. IV.3. Fill mode ~ off
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POLYLINEsho;'tCllJ menu
fig. IV-I. Using trace
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fig. IV-2. Fill made ~ on: REgell (enterl
r·'-,IlCommand : Pi (enler! UNBARSFrom·poin! : pkkpt ACurrent line-width is 0.0000SpecilY next point or [Arc/CloselHalfwidtblLengtblUndo/Width] : @4<O
Specify next point or [ArejCloselH,llfwidthlLengtblUndolWidth] : @3<90Specify next point or [Arc/CloselHalfwidthlLengtblUndolWidth] : @4<180Specify next point or [Arc/CloselHalfwidtbILengtblUndo/Width] : C
Command
A B. fig. IV-4. Pline widih ~ 0
3. PLINE (POLYLINE)
Draws line and arc segments that form a single object.
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2. T.RACE
Creates solid lines, no Undo, and hasno Qlose feature and hard to edit.
Exer. # 1,: Draw atrace using widtli = 0.50
Command : Trace (enler)SpecifY trace width < > .: ~O.:.:!5.l!:0__SpecifY start point : pick pl. ASpecifY next point : @1<OSpecifY next point : @3<90SpedfY next point : @4<lBOSpecifY next point : @3<270SpecifY next point : press (elller)
Supressing Solid Region (FILL)
Command : Fill (enter)ON/OFF<ON> : OFF
A: LINEARS1. LINE
Creates straight line segments
With Qlose and Undo features.
Lesson III >.,Draw 'Commands 16"j
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1
Exer. #2: Draw a4 x3 rectangle using Pline, width = 0
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Exer. # 3: Draw a pline using line, arc and width options
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Lessoll IIIDral~' Commands
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17
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. FB=OFF
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: W (enferJ
: W (enter)
Pen (Pick Button)Raises and lowers the sk~tc"ing pen.The p~n mllst be raised before youcan select menu items with thepointing device.
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FB=ON
fig. IV-5. Plil1e llsing starling alld~mdfngwidth
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Command : SKETCH (enter!Record increment <0.1000>: (enter)Pen eXit Quit Record Erase Connect:Pen eXit Quit Record Erase Connect: ---
Pen eXit Quit Record Erase Connect:
Command : PI (enter!From point : pick allY pI.Current line-width is 0.0000Specify next pOlm or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/WidthjSpecify starting width <0.00> : 1.00Specify ending width <1.00> : 1.00Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth!Length/Undo/Width] :~Specify next point or [Arc/CloselHalfwidth/Length/Undo/Width] : A lenter)[AngleiCEnter/CLoselDirectionlHalfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width][AngleiCEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second ptiUndo/Width]Specify starting width <0.00> : 2.00Specify ending width <1.00> : !lL-[Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second ptiUndo/Width] : L len/er!
ISpecify next point or [Arc/Close/HalfwidtltlLength/Undo/Width] : @2<270Specify next point or [ArciClose/HalfwidthiLength/UndolWidth] : press elller
o set SIU'OLY= I; SKPOLY· controls whether sketch draws lines as individual line objects (0)or as polylines (I)
4. SKETCH
Command for freehand drawing, comprising of small line segments. Sketch is useful for enteringsmall map outlines, signatures, or other freehand drawings .
liJrger recordincrement
"xer. # 4: Using Sketch
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Lesson 111Draw Commands
",118 1
, , 5. MLINEC;eates multiple parallel lines (see page 102)
6. RAY
Creates semi-irifmite lines commonly used as construction lines. A ray has a finite starting point andextends to infinity.
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Exer. # 5: Using Ray
Command : RAY (enter)Specify start pointSpecify through pointSpecify through pointSpecify through point
7. XLINE
Creates infinite lines, which are commonly used as construction lines.
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~ Command' : XL (enter) (see fig.IV-9)~1· Specify a point or [HorlYer/AnglBisect/Offset] V (enler)
Specify through point : pick any poinlSpecify through point : pick allV pointSpecify through point : press €Ilter
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fig·/V-9Using .fer
Jig./V-8Using liar
fig. IV-IOl!sz:ng4ng
fig. JV-7. ShowingXlineshotCUf menu.
: A (enter): 45
BA
. ANGle
Command : XL (enter) (see fig.IV-lO)Specify a point or [HorNer/Ang/Bisect/Offset]Enter !Ulgle ofx1in.e (0) or [Refernce]Specify through point ': pick alty'pointSpecify through point : pick OJI¥ poinlSpecify through point ,:,Press enter
Exer. # 6: Using xline
HORizontal
:g Command' : XL (entel'! (see figIV-8)• Specify a point or [HorNer/AngIBisect/Offset] : H (enler)
Specify through point : pick any poinlSpecify\hrough point : pick any poinlSpecify through point : press enler
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Lesson 111Draw Commands 19
B:CURVES
1. CmCLEYou can create circles in several ways. The default option is to specify the center and radius. You can alsospecify the center and diameter or define the diameter alone with two points. You can defme the circle'scircumference with three points. You can also create a circle tangent to three existing objects or create ittangent to two 'objects and specifY a radius
OPTIONS
A. Center, RadiusB. Center, DiameterC.2PointsD.3PointsE. Tan,Tan, RadF. Tan, Tan, Tan
Exer. # I
diameter------_ ..,: ~/
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fig.lV-J J. Using Center+radius
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Command C (enter) (see fig.IV-i3)Specify center point for circle or [3P/2prrtr (tan tan radius)]: pick cpSpecify radius of circle or [Diameter] : 1.00
Exer. # 2~:~ Command : C (enter! (see figIV-14)r'~:1 Specify center point for circle or [3P/2Prrtr (tan tan radins)]: pick cp
Specify radius of circle or [!liameter] : ""D,--_Specify diameter ofcircle <2.0000> : 1.75
Exer. # 3
Command : C (enter) (see figIV-i5)Specify center point for circle or [3P/2prrtr (tan tan radius)] : =o2P,,-_Specify first end point ofcircle's diameter : pick ASpecify second end point of circle's diameter : pick B
Exer. # 4 or @2<0
)~1 Command : C (enter) (see fig IV-I 6)~ Specify center point for circle or QEl2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)] : ",3P,,-_
Specify first point on circle : pick ASpecify second point on circle : pick BSpecify third point on circle : pick C
Exer. # 5
' ...
fig.IV-13. Radilts
fig./V-J4. Diameter
A :.... - -.-, DIAMETER
fig. IV-15. 2Point
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fig.1V-/6. 3Point
Command : C (ellter) (see figIV-17)Specify center point for circle or [3P/2prrtr (tan tan radius)] : TTRSpecify point on object for firstlangent ofcircle . : pick tan ASpecify point on object for second tangent ofcircle : pick tan BSpecify radius ofcircle <1.8052> : ..,1.",0,,-0__
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00fig. lV-2n. Inside diameter> n
fig. IV-2 J. inside diameter = 0
Style: Normal: pick pt. A
jig. 1V-19aACalligraphy Reve/aud
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fig. /V-19. Normal Revclolld
Command : REVCLOUD (enter) (see jig.flI-19)Minimum arc length: 0.5000 Maximum arc length: 0.5000Specify start point or [Arc length/Object/Style] <Object>Guide crosshairs along cloud path ...
Lesson IIIDraw "Commands
- .'
Command : ((rom DRAW pllUllo,"" mellll. click Circle » Tall,tall,tall) cSpecify first point on circle : pick ASpecify second point ofcircle : pick BSpecify th ird point on circle : pick C A c'\
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Exer. # 8: Inside Diameter = I Outside Diameter =3
Command : DO (enter)Specify inside diameter of donut <0.5000> : =cl.",O",O__
Specify outside diameter of donut <1.0000> : ",3.",0",0__Specify center of donut or <exit> : pick allY pointSpecify center ofdonut or <exit> : press enter
Exer. # 9: Inside Diameter = 0 Outside Diameter =3
Command : DO (enter)Specify inside diameter of donut <0.5000> : ",0 _Specify outside diameter of donut <1.0000> : 3.00Specify center of donut or <exit> : pick any poillt:Specify center of donut or <exit> : press enter
You can select a style for a revision cloud: Normal or Calligraphy. Ifyou seleci Calligraphy, the revisioncloud looks as if it was drawn with a calligraphy pen.
2. DONUT
Draws filled circles and rings
«0=' A donut is a close polyline composed of wide arc segments. How AutoCAD fills the interior of a donutdepends on the current setting of FILL command.
Exer. # 7
Exer. # 6
2. REVCLOUDCreates a polyline ofseguential arcs to form a cloud-shaped object.
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21Lesson 1/1
Draw Commands
l<'E
: pick pt. C: pick pt. D: pick pt. E: press enter
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fig.W-22. Entering points
8 0/\ /\, I \
./ ~ 1<ACE
Command : SPL (enter)Specify first point or [Object] : pick pt. ASpecify next point : pick pI. BSpecify next point or [ClosefFit tolerance] <start tangent>Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>Specify next point or [ClosefFit tolerance] <start tangent>Specify next point or [ClosefFit tolerance] <start tangent>Specify star! tangent : pick or press euterSpecify end tangent : pick or press euter
use ELLIPSE + lsocircle to create isometric circles (for isometric drawing only).
Creates an Ellipse or an elliptical arc
.)1...,., If PELLIPSE = 1, ellipse is a pliDe r",presentationIS-lf If PELLIPSE = 0, ellipse is a true ellipse object
4. ELLIPSE
~ SPLINE tits a smooth curve to a sequence of points within a specified tolerance. AutoCAD uses NURBS(nonuniform rational B-splines) mathematics, which stores and defines a class of curve and surfacedata.
Exer. # lO: Use spline to create curves
3. SPLINECreates a quadratic or cubic spline (NURBS) curve
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fig.IV·23. Majar Axis Axis Endpl 2
AUloCAD
: pick pt. A: @4.00<45: 1.00
Co.
Command : EL (enter)Specify axis endpoint ofellipse or [Arc/Center]Specify other endpoint ofaxisSpecify distance to other axis or [Rotation]
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Lesson 1/1Draw Commands 22
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C: SPECIAL OBJECTS1. REc'rANG
A pline entity. Rectang command draws rectangularobject. The two specified points determinethe diagonal corners ofa rectangle with sides parallel to the X and Yaxis.
I.
Ifig.JV-24. Showing RECTANG
Optionsfig. IV-l5. Rec/ang
using Chamferfig. W-26. Rectang
Itsing Filletfig. 1V-27. Reetang
using Width
[2]'Y u:1st comllr pt: '!!:~any pi X A 4
jig. W-28. Creating a rectangle
: pick allY poilll
: !2.-'1-:L-: pick allV poilll
: pick allY point:A: 12 ,_. . .~.
:L 1"11:1. L::=J:'~~th
: pick allY poilll, @ x,v or picJ,allV Corner point
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Command : REC (enler! A 4
SpecifY first comer point or [CharnferlElevlltionlFilletffhickness/Width]SpecifY other corner point or [Dimensions]SpecifY length for rectangles <4.0000>SpecifY width for rectangles <3.0000>SpecifY other corner point or [Dimensions]
Command ,REC (enler)SpecifY first corner point or [CharnferlElevationlFiJletffbicknesslWidth]SpecifY other corner point or [AreaJDimensionsJRotation]:
Exer. # 3: Draw a Rectangle with an Area of 12. Factors are 4 and 3, 6 and 2, 12 lind I
Command: REC (enler)SpecifY first comer point or [CharnferlElevation/FilletffhicknesslWidth]SpecifY other comer point or [AreaJDimensipnslRotation]Enter area of rectangle in current units <100.0000>Calculate rectangle dimensions based on [LengthlWidth] <Length>Enter rectangle length <1 0.0000>
Exec. # 2 : Draw a 4x3 Rectangle, using DIMENSION option
Exer. # 1: Draw a 4x3 Rectangle, width=O,,.: J, •~
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Exer. # 4 : Draw a Rectangle with an Area of i2 and Rolated by 45 degrees
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2Lesson If!
Draw Commands 23
2. POLYGONA polyline entity. Polygon command draws 2D polygons with 3 to 1024 sides. All sides areequal and equidistant from the center.
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Exer. # I: Draw a Polygon using Circumscribed (see fig.IV-29)
Command : POL (enterlPOLYGON Enter number of sides <4> : press ellterSpecifY center of polygon or [Edge] : Dick any poilltEnter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I> : LSpecifY radius ofcircle : 2.00
Exer. # 2: Draw a Polygon using Inscribed (see fig.IV-30)
Command : POL (enter!POLYGON Enter number of sides <4> : press elite/'SpecifY center ofpolygon or [Edge] : pick allY poilllEnter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <C> : LSpecifY radius ofcircle :. 'calInitializing...» Expression : sqrt(8)
Exer. # 5: Draw a Polygon using Edge (seefig.JV-31)
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flg. fV-29. Usingcircumscribed
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flg.W-30. Usinginscribed
Command : POL (enter)Enter number of sides <4>SpecifY center of polygon or [Edge]SpecifY first endpoint ofedgeSpecifY second endpoint ofedge
: 5:E__
: pick 'allY poillt
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~.: 4. HATCH/BHATCH
Fills an enclosed area or selected objects with a hatch pattern, solid fiJI, or gradient fiJI(pline, 3Dface, etc.). A hatch pattern acts as one unit, unless when it's exploded.Types of Hatch Pattern :
1. User defined - Creates a pattern of lines based on the cunent linetype in your drawing. You cancontrol the angle and spacing of the lines in your user-defined pattern.
2. Predefined Specifies a stored predefined AutoCAD pattern. You can control the angle and scaleof any stored pattern.
3. Custom Specifies a pattern that is defined in any custom .PAT file that you have added to theAutoCAD search path.
Lesson III 'Druw Commands 24
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User defined
fig. IV-30. Single hatch
Ell'
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fig, II-'-31. Double hotch
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, ,Command: FILLEnter mode [ON/OFF] <ON>: ON
Command: B or BHATCH(press enter)
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25. Lesson III
Draw Commands
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Predefined
A gradient fill is a solid hatch fill thatgives the blended-color effect of asurface with light on it. You can usegradient fills to suggest a so lid form intwo-dimensional drawings.
The color in a gradient fill makes asmooth transition from light to dark, orfrom dark to light, and back. You selecta predefmed pattern (for example, linear,spherical, or radial sweep) and specifyan angle for the pattern. In a two-colorgradient fill, the transition is both fromlight to dark and from the first color tothe second.
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~ M'CROCAOO TECHNocb."s Co.
Lesson IIIDraw Commands 26
Island Detection StyleNORMAL -Hatches or fills inward from the outer boundary. If HATCH encounters an internal island, it turns off
hatching or filling until it encounters another island within the island.
OUTER - Hatches or fills inward from the outer boundary. HATCH turns hatching or filling offif it encolinters aninternal island. This option hatches or fills only the outennost level of the structure and leaves the internal structure
blank.
IGNORE -Igoores all internal objects and hatches or fills through them.
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Using Outer Island Detectionstyle
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b.) Applying hatch/bliatch command forfloor tiles and solid-filled walls
jig. I showing Toilet after applyingHATCH
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~:il~~D~ Command: NEW (en/er)
(click Use a Template icon, thelt Browse.. ,)
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Exercise #1: Applying Hatch
a.) Create a new drawing using Toile/.dw/ template file
27Lesson IIIObject Snap (Tools)
:,
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if. Turn:; off all.!
objecl snapmodes.
;,"""",;;.;""",.,..,.__-,;""-'-.,-"""...__",...,,,,';"'="';:"~f--S.le.t AllTurns on allobject snapmodes.
An object snap mode specifies a point at an exact location on an object. You can use an object snap once in themiddle of a. command, or you can set running object snaps. Running object snap modes can be toggled on andoff with the Osnap button on the status bar or the function key F3. You can use the TAB key to cyeie ~lfOUgh
available object snaps. Object snap settings are stored with the drawing.
0: OBJECT SNAPS (TOOLS)
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fig.IV-34. SholVing DraftingSellingsObject Snap dialog box
Select the running object snaps you want, then choose OK.Options for running Object Snap
Tools Menu : Drafting Settings (see fig./V-34)Shortcut menu : Press SHIFT while right-clicking in the drawing area and choose
Osnap Settings. (see fig./V-34a, nex( page)Command : Osnap (or 'osnap for transparent use)
Status bar : Right click OSNAP on the status bar an9 choose Settings ...Running object snaps stay on·until you turn them off. You can also turn on more than one runningobject snap at a time.
To use indivual object snap at the prompt for a point, bold down the Sbift Key and rightclick in the drawing area, then cboose the object snap mode from the list. You can also euterltype the first three characters of the object snap, If you enter more than one name, separatethe names with commas,
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Lesson IIIObject Snap (Tools) 28
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fig· IV-34a using SHIFT and Right Click(shortcut menu)
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EXTension
TracKing
ENDpoint.
MIDpoint
INTersection
APParent intersection
FROm
Object Snap
CENter
QUAdrant
TANgent
NEArest
NONe
PERpendicular
PARrallel
INSert
NODe
ENDpointSnaps to the closest endpoint ofan arc, elliptical are, line, mline,polyline segment, or ray or to the· closest comer of a trace, solid,or3Dfuce.
MIDpointSnaps to the midpoint ofan arc, ellipse,elliptical are, line, mline,polyline segment, solid, spline, or xline.
INTersectionSnaps to the intersection ofan are, circle, ellipse, elliptical arc,liIie, mline, polylme, ray, spline, orxlme.
You may get varying results if you have bo·thIhters.~tiori and Apparent ·IntersectioJl on at ~he same time.
EXTensionSnaps to the extension pomt of an object. You can establish an
extension path by moving the cursor over the endpoint of anobject. A marker is placed on th,e endpoint. While the endpoint ismarked, the cursor snaps to the extension path of the endpoint.
Object Snap tooolbar
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Deferred Tangent
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Lesson /IIObject Snap (fools) 29
Al
IPerpendicular I
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Deferred Tangent
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OBJI!lCT SNAP TRACKING(OTRACK) ~'f .' .Use object snap tracking to ti\Bck along alignment pa 5 t)j;t are b~~ed•• I X
on object snap pomts. I" .'I '. < '~~dpoinl r:~
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text.TANgent
Snaps to the tangent of an arc, circle, ellipse, or elliptical arc.NEArest
Snaps to the nearest point on an arc, circle, ellipse, elliptical arc,line, mline, point, polyline, spline, orxline.
PERpendicularSnaps to a point perpendicular to an arc, circle, ellipse, ellipticalarc, line, mline, polyline, ray, solid, spline, or xline.
PARallelSnaps to an extension in parallel with an object. When you movethe cursor over the endpoint of an object, the endpoint is markedand the cursor snaps to the parallel alignment path to that nbject.The alignment path is calculated from the current "from point" ofthe command.
NONeTurns off object snap modes.
M2P or MTP (Mid between two points)Locates the mldpoint betwee two points(Use SHIFT & Right·click or type M2P)
APParent IntetsectiooApparent Intersection snaps to the apparent intersection of twoobjects (arc, circle, ellipse, elliptical arc, line, mline, polyline, ray,spline, or x1ine) that do not intersect in 3D space but appear tointersect in the drawing display.
CENterSnaps to the center of an· are, circle, ellipse, or elliptical arc.
NODeSnaps to a point object.
QUAdrantSnaps to a quadrant point of an arc, circle, ellipse, or elliptical iZarc.
INSertion Cenler )
Snaps to the insertion point of an attribute, a block, a shape, or
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Lesson lfJObject Snap (Tools) 30
5. ARC (continuation of curves from page 28)Creates an Arc, default direction is counterclockwise.
Some common methods for creating Arc
Exer. # 7: 3point Arc (seejigIV·35)
: press enter: pick tlnv poiIlt
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pg.Jj :'35. Abollt OIl"
3jig. lJ'-36, Usingcontil1l1ed
arc to create spiral
: picll pt. J: pick pl. 2: pick pt. 3
Command : A (enter)SpecifY start point of arc or [CEnter]SpecifY second point of arc or [CEnter/ENd]SpecifY end point ofarc
Exer. # 8: Continue Arc (see jig.IV.36)Command : press ellterSpecifY stali point of arc or [CEnter]SpecifY end point of arc
Exer. # 9: Start, Center, Endpoint (see jig.IV-3 7)
Command: select SeE (from DRAW pulldoJVn mellll)SpecifY start point of arc or [CEnter] : pick MJD.4SpecifY center point of arc : pick END BSpecify end point ofarc or [Angle/chord Length] : pick MJD C
jig 11'-37, UsillgSCE
Exer. # 10: Start, Center, Angle (see jig.IV-38)
Command: select SC4 ({i'om DRAW plllldoJVn menll)SpecifY start point of arc or [CEnter] : pick MID D
SpecifY center point of arc : pick END ESpecifY included angle : f!JL..
jig. 1/°-38, Using SCI5.00
fig. JV-40 Using SED
jig.Il'·39. UsingSCL
Exer. # 11: Start, Center, Length (see jigIV-39) "lCommand: select SCL ((rom DRAW olllldoJVIl menll EJ'..._-\
SpecifY start point of arc or [CEnter] : pick MID F ISpecifY center point of arc : pick END G L==3.53553 . ~SpecifY length ofchord : 'CAL _ .. _ I
Initializing...» Expression : sqrt(12.5) G F3.53553
Exer. # 12: Start, End, Direction (Oliho On (F8) or Polar On (FlO)(see jig. IV· olD;
Command: select SED ((rom DRAW pllfldoJVll menu)SpecifY start point of arc or [CEnter] : pick MID HSpecifY end point of arc : pick END I
SpecifY tangent direction for the start point of arc : pick J
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Lesson IVCreating Simple Plan and Labelling ~ 31
DRAWING & LABELLING A SIMPLE PLANA: CREATING A STUDIO USING OFFSET, FILLET &TRIM
,[DRAWN BY JOHN EMERICH
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1. OFFSE'rCommand to copy objects that are similar and parallel to existing entities at a specified distance or at
, a through point.c
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figY-4 affset usingboundedp/ine
JIg. Y-J o.QseI.llsmgs curves
Try: Erase and Multiple .(Jption (Acad 20061
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ComJ;Illlnd : OFFSET .or 0, (enter)Command: 0 OFFSET
.Current settings: Erase source=No LayeFSource OFFSETGAPTYPE=OSpecify offset distance or [ThroughlE"aselLayer] <1,0000>: 0.15Select object \l?; offset or [ExitlUndo] <Exit>: pick object A .Specify pOint ,on side to offset or [Exit/MultiplelUndo] <Exit>: pick pt. BSelect object to offset or [ExitlUndo] <Exit>: pressEnter .
fig. V-2 offset using /i1Jears
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L'e..sson IV .Creating Simple Plan and Labelling.i 32
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A--183-- - - - -,
III
18
& WHERE:D = cutting edge:.
x = obi. to trim
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Try: Mllltiple
Command: FiLLET or F (enter)Current settings: Mode = TRlM, Radius =0.0000Select first object or [Undo/PolylinelRadiusrrrim/MlIltiple]: pick objectrSelect second object or shift-select to apply corner: pick object B
Command: TRI1I1 or TRSelect obj'ects or <Select all>: (Dick tlte object as clltting edge)Select objects: (ellter) .Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or[Fence/CrossingIProjectJEdge/eRaselUndo]: (Dick tlte object to be Cllt!Select object to trim or shift-select to e~end or[FencelCrossinglProjectlEdge/eIDlselUndo]: (Dress enter)
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Command to cut ob.jects from a specified cutting edge(s)
III
2. FILLETCommand to round or fillet the edges oftwo selected objects.
3. TRIM
~RADIUS = 0 RADIUS> 0
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Exer. # 1: Drafting the studio plan as shown
EXTERIOR WALLS1..lJl:fE. or REeTANG
Lesson /I'CreaJi/lg Simple Plan and Labelling
7. FILLET RADIUS = 0
33
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6.00 X 4.00
2, ZOOMforproper\liewing
WALL TIllCKNESS3. EXPLODE (if RECTANGle)4.0FFSETbyO.15
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8. OFFSETby 0.6U (counter)9. FILLET (I'adius ~ 0.30)
0.60,.... -
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FlLlEI'THEEDGES5. FJLLET( radius = 0)
CREATING AT,WALL10. ZOOM (willltolV)
n. TRIMdetail 1
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detail 11
WHERE:"cJ = cutting edgesx ~ Db]. to trim
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Lessul1 Jr 'f.:(i'eating Simple Plan and LlJbe/lins 34 ..,
CREATING DOOR OPENING
/2. TRiAl (use crossing /0
select cutting edges)/I. OFFSET by O.25(jamb)
and O.60(daar)
~fig. V-6 door al T&B
CREATE OTIffiR DOOR OPENINGS
:8: LABELLING A PLAN USING TEXT (DTEXT I MT!eXT)1. JUSTIFICATION OF TEXT
MR lJ i-
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As you create text, you can align it horizontally. That is, you can justify it using one of the aligrun"ntoptions shown in the following illustration. Left alignrilent is the default. To left-align text, do not enteran option at the Justify prompt.
Exer. # 1: Label studio as shown:
sJ)RAWNc;:::::-:
XI4i>-
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StartRightkenterMiddleEit (ortho on)Top ~enter
Top !"ef!Top Right
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35Lesson IV
Creating Simple Plan andLabelling
: pick pt. 1: press enter: press enter{type the text, press enter twice}
EN~YJ
b) RIGHT/CENTERlMIDDLE/TC/TL/TR
Command : TEXT (enter)Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style] : J__Enter an option [AlignlFit/CenterfMiddle/RightrrLITCITR/MLfMC/MRlBLIBC/BR] :!L 'Specify right endpoint oftext baseline : pick pt. 2Specify height <0.2000> : press enterSpecify rotation angle oftext <0> : press enter
(type the text. press enter twice)
pIT,
2. TEXT / DTEXT
Using TEXT or DTEXT you can create one or more lines of text and end each Iine when you pressENTER. Each text line is a separate object that you can relocate, reformat, or otherwise modify,
a) START
·~ri Command : TEXT (enter),.., Specify start point of text or (Justify/Style]
Specify height <0.2000>Specify rotation angle oftext <0>
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You can also fit line text between points that you specify. This option stretches or squeezes thetext to fill the designated space.
After you specify the point/or the opposite corner, Au/oCAD displaysthe Multiline Text Editor.
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3. MTEXT
MTEXT creates paragraphs that fit within a nonprillting text boundary. Vou createthe text boundaryto define the width of the paragraph. Vou can also specify the justification, style, height, rotation,width, color, spacing, and other text attributes usingMTEXT
Exer. # 2: Use MTEXT to write the following lines
Command : T (enter)Specify first comer : pick allV pt.Specify opposite comer or [Height/JustifylLine spacingIRotation/Style/Width] : pick allY pt.
: pick pt. 5: pick pt. 6: 0.30(type the le>i:t. press enter twice)
pOAFrDEL.A~CRUll
:FCommand : TEXT (enter)Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]Specify first endpoint oftext baselineSpecify second endpoint of text baselineSpecify height <0.2000>
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Lesson /1'Creating Simple Plan and Lob~lIillg 36
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5.4 Click the symbol.5.5 Click SELECT button.5.6 Click COPY button5.7 Close tlte window.5.8 Right-click in the text editor5.9 Click Paste
5.1 Right-click inside the multiline texi editor5.2 Click Symbol» Olher5 3 Selecl the font name
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5. OTHER SYMBOL(MTEXT only)
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- In the Multiline Text Editor, enter the text.Text thar extends beyond the bOllndQlY box width wraps to the next line.
- Choose OK. ..11,?... _. ..' .. ~J is;~1 You can save lime byimporling files from.:'#I.,!~.~ ~ .. .41"~ .S,iJ··, !t'., " t,.I~ othersources. Forexample, you can create a text
file ofstandard nDtes thai you include in drawings.Inslead ofentering this informalion each time YDUuse it, you can imporl the file. imporled texl filesare timited to a maximum size Df 16K. (seespecial lesson a-1)
fig. V-7. Showing Multiline Text Editor
AutoCADIS THE MOSTPOPULAR CAD SOFTWAREIN THE WORLD
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fig. V~8.ShowingS1JortcutMenu o/the Multiline Text Editor
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~ The MulJiline Text Editor is displayed after yOIl specify the second corner o/the boundary box.Arrows inside the boundary bax indicate theflow oithe entered text based on the currentjllstijicatioll sellill!!.
i ~4. SPECIAL TEXT CHARACTERSQ, ~ .... ~ % % % - forces a siQgle percent sign~ , _ % "lop - draws a plus/minus symboll~,",<-,.~ d d b% %d - raws a egree ,ym 01l}-<> ~ ;:"0 Ml % %c _ draws a diameter symbol
::!. "" 1'- ~ % % u - draws an undersQore, ., \1--" % % 0 - draws an overscore Dona
<i 1S ~ ,> .A-.-~ 'Il- ,f!Il::;:;--' Backgrounds formultiline text and dimensions.
'\i 1-I.:iIii:! Add an opaque fill or background mask to emphasizemultiline texl and dimensiDn texl in a visually cDmplexdrawing. New notation symbols. lnserl symbols fDr corn:..monly used notations such as angle, delta, properly line,and cenlerline from the shDrlcut menu of the MultilineTexl Editor
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37
AuloCAD
Lesson Ii'Creating Simple Plan and Labtdling
7. BULLETS and NUMBERS
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STRUCTURAL STEEL NOTE~:
L ALL STRUCTURAL ~TEEL SHALLCONFORM TO THE 9TH EDITION OF THEALLOWABLE STRESS DESIGN OF AISC.
2. UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED. ALLMATERIALS SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCEWITH THE ASTM SPECIFICATIONS.
3. CONNECTIDN~ SHALL BE SHEAR TYPECONNECTIONS.
4. MINIMUM BOLT DIAMETER SHALL BE3/4' UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
I#4 becomes-k
1/4 becomes t
100ei = 0.25100ci = 0,50100el=0.125100ei = 2.50
Horizontal:
Diagonal:
use the following text height based onplotting scale.ifl:lOOmifl:200mif I :50mifl:1000m
Autostaek stacks fractions as you type. Inthe Multiline Text Editor enter a fraction andthe Autostack Properties dialog box is displayed.
Specify text to be stacked.Separate cbaracters by a slash, pound sign, or carat
ITolerance: I"4 becomes 4
fig. V·9.Showing AutoSfack Properties diaLog box
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5. TEXT HEIGHT
& Multiply 1000 on text height ifllllits = mm
6. AUTOSTACK
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I. Current Dictionary - Displays the name ofthe current dictionary.
2. Current Word - Identifies a suspected misspelling.
3. Suggestions - Displays the word beingchecked and lists alternatives.
4. Ignore - Skips the current word.5. Ignore All - Skips all remaining words that
match the current word.6. Change - Replaces the current word with the
word in the Suggestions box.7. Change All - Replaces the current word in
all selected text objects.8. Add - Adds the current word (0 the current
custom dictionary, The maximum wordlength is 63 'characters.
9. Lookup - Checks the spelling of the word inthe Suggestions box.
10. Change Dictionaries - Displays the ChangeDictionaries dialog box.
II. Context - Displays the phrase in wl'ichAutoCAD located the current word.
AutoeADis the bestCAD softwarein the HJorld.
: SP Centerl: pick AUTOCAD: press enter
- command to check text spelling.
- command to edit text and attribute definitions- command to edit text location, height, angle, style,justification and value.- command to find, replace, select, or zoom to a specified text
text before and after editing
AUTOCADis the mostpopular CAD softwarein the world.
Command
Select objectsSelect objects
MICRDCADD TECHNClLClGtES CCI.
jig V-lO. Showing Check Spelling dialag bax.
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TffiCheckSpeUing . ,~.'. .~~, ;~i'{,\~.1· ~
,.
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Lesson IVCreating Simple Plan and Labelling 38
Exer. # I: use SPELL to correct the spelling of "AUTOCAD"
Displays the Edit Text dialog box, in which you can edit only the text content.
Exer. # 2: use DDEDlT to change the phrase below
c: EDITING TEXTIDTEXTlMTEXT
2. DDEDIT
1. SPELLCorrects the spelling in text objects created with TEXT and MTEXT. The Check Spelling dialog box isdisplayed only if AuloCAD finds a dubious word in the specified text.
1. SPELL2. DDEDIT3. MODIFY4. FIND
,
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1
., Lesson /1"
Creatlllg Simple Plan ClndLabelling 39
: E1) (enter): pick A UTOCAD
- In the Edit Text dialog box, enter the new text Choose OK.- Select another text object to edit, or press ENTER to exit the command.
~ ShortCl/t menu: Select the line text object to edit, right-click in the drawing area. andchoose Text Edit or click twice the line text. You may also use CHANGE or CHPROPcommnads to edit most text properties.
3. PROPERTY ICONI MODIFYControls properties ofexisting objects
~ When you enter PROPERTIES, AutoCAD dIsplays the Properties window. While the Object Properties toolbarprovides convenient access to the properties that are common to all objects,the Properties window is the main method you useto modify the complete set of object~specific properties, inclUding properties that you have defined.
You can leave the Propertie's window open while you work. When you select an object,the properties window displaysthe properties of that object.
When multiple objects are selected, the Properties window displays the general properties and any other propertiesthat are common among objecls in the seleclion set.
Exer. # 3: Change the property ofthe following
Command: MO (enter)* Pick DRAWN BY JUAN DELA CRUZ
Change the property value in adialog box
Use the pickpoint button tochange text height (0.30)
Place the pointer in the drawing area,Press esc (once)
* Pick' FLOOR PLANChange the property value ill a
dialog boxUse the pickpoint button to
change the color value (red)Place Ihe pointer in the drmving
area"Press esc (once)• Pick STUDiO
Change the property value ill adialog box
Use the pickpoint button tochange the Obliquing angle
Press esc (once)
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fig. V-/2. Showing Quick Se/eci dialng hux
@>;>~ Op...lor. Ir'-:E"-~'-'~"'_,--'-----iJ--'
~ V~lle J.2I-Howto~~ply.·_--·-- .- --_._._-
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1..._.__ .. _ . .:.... .__ ...__
fig. V-13. Showing Find and Replace dialog bax
From the Properties dialog box, chooseOuick Select.
In the Quick Select dialog box underApplv To, select Entire Drawing.
Under Ob/ect Thpe, select Text.Under Properties. select Height.Under Operator, select =Equals.Under Value, enter 0.20Under How to Applv, select Include ill
New Selection Set.Choose 01(,
AutoCAD selects all text in the drawing with theheight of 0.20 and closes the Quick Selecl dialogi§"w Ibox. ~
g
Lesson I"Creating Simple Plan an.d Labelling
2
34567
3.1 QUICK SELECTControls properties of existing objects
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Command : FIND (enterl
In Find Text String, enter thetext you want to find.
3 [n Search In, choose EntireDrawing to define the scope ofyour search.
4 Choose Find.AutoCAD displays thefoltlTd text with its
surrounding context in the Context area.
5 To zoom to the found text in thedrawing, chooseZoolll To.
To replace text:
2 [n Replace Witlt, enter the textwith which you want to rep beethe found text.
6 Choose Replace.7 Choose Close.
4. FINDFind and Replace Text. FIND command searches for specified text and replaces it with altem'live text.
Exer. #5: Find the text WORLD and replacewi~l PHILIPPINES
To find text:
Exer. # 4: Change the property ofthe following usingQuick Select:
To create a selection set using Quicl{ Select
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41Lesson /1"
Creating Simple Plan and Labelling
Click the [...] button to create a
new table style.Click NEW to create.a table style
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Exer. # I: Create a Door Schedule
I.
Command: TABLE (enler)
3. Choose CLOSE after creating atable style
4. Set the number of columns and thecolumn width
S. Set the number of rows and therow height.
6. Click OK.
2.
jig. V-/4. Showil1g /l1ser[ Table dia/o!! hox
DOOR SCHEDULEDoor No. Width Hoight tlo. 01 Soto
Df 1.00 2.'0 1D2 0.80 2.10 503 0.60 2.10 6
E: TABLEA table is an object that contains data in rows andcolumns. When you create a table object, you firscreate an empty table, and then you add content ir·
the cells in the table.
.!lEI.;~, I .
new
~';"'Factcr. ..~
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ROMANS.SHX - MICROCADD
ROMANC.SHX - MICROCADDSWISS 721 BLK BT - MIClFlOCADIO
rup~~
. r" etri...eld:
1'0 assign a font to a text style
Command: ST (enter) or STYLE (enterlli~re;!!£jt1@mLWM!Dk"*~~~:::ol ~i:' 't-~': .lit~H~--'::' -,....--,--- II,~= ~~·~V~~-J!B"",,-"- I.. ~'",;I ",.. 1 .- --- -- - - --.. 3 ----''=-'-...IEut~~~ .' ~s~ Heidi:lA' lomc"d~ -, 'I~~~:~- '=:J' 'I~~ "-"
I); TEXT STYLE.A.NJ) FONT FILE,\ II text in an AutoCAD drawing has a text style.Issociated with it. When you enter text,..\lI(oCAD uses the curreot text styleSTANDARD, which sets the foot, size, angle,llrientation, and other text characteristics. Yourail create many text styles for use in yourdrawings. You can reuse the text styles you.:reate by copying tile text styles into otilerdrawings using the AutoCAD Design Ceoter.
3 Under Font Name, select the name of the font fi Ie
you want to .use. Ex.Romans.shx4 Choose OK to close the new text style dialog box5 Choose Close
sTYLECommand to load a font file and to furthermodify irs appearances.
I .'\(:f. # 1: Create styles using the followingI ,,"l types/files
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Lesson IV 4Creating Simple Plan and Labelling t 42
AutoCADWeb~ hllp:/lwww.naaocadd.tooI
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a. Click Ihe cell.b. Right-click» Choose SUMc. Select first corner uf lable cell range: pick A
Select sel;uncJ comer of table cell range: nick Bd. Click OK.
E.5 To FORMAT cell addressa. Click the cell to format.b. Right-click» Edit Field
E.o·rmat:
dick thegrip (0
srretch
DOOR SCHIEDULENO. WlOTH HE:IGHT NO OF UNlT AMOUNTSETS COST
01 600 :2100 1 1500 .T ,4UW
02 700 .100 1300 390003 800 .'00 4 19~O .0: B
4 900 ~lOO Z 'BOO .'::}'iW..::<.TOTAl~ ~_... -" --... ...................
:;. 'JnroitFcmua • -:, ...' .
E.5 To Apply a Formula(i.e. SUM)
~- J. ..... -... '-"-.< " ..,..; .:...; ... ;",-, ".'f' DOOR SCHEDULIE2 NO. YflDTH HEIGHT HO OF UNtT I AMOUNT, SETS COST
'3 01 600 2100 2 15UO . =D3'E13
." 02 700 21005 Do 800 2'IO( I6, 0' - ." 0
7 TarALI
£.4 To Apply an equation (i.e. MULTIPLICATION)a. Select a cell where the PRODUCT will be placedb. Right.click» Insert Formula:>:> EQUATIONc. Type the equation (ex. = D3"E3)
" where 02 & E2 are cell addresses
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E.2 To input value in the cell, double-click the cell
DOOR SCHEDULENO, i'flDTH HEIGHT NO OF UNIT AMOUNTSETS COST ...................D1 600 2100 2 1500 '" ~D2 700 2100
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TOTAL .
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entities. AlItoCAD 2005 Qwoma/ically convertsit to an Au/oeAD table object while maintain-ing formotling from the original spreadsheet.YOll can modify rhe table and even add marerows and columns just as if you created itdirectly in AlItaCAD software. (see speciallesson)
E.I To change ti,e table stylea. Select the table.b. From the toolbar (STYLES), select the style name to beapplied or apply the command MODIFY
~ .--.;.. .....- -: j ._-_. "'-;;--j
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E.3 To resi2e ti,e column width or row height, elicit the cell to displaygrips, and stretch the grip
.,
••"!- ~-<"":; _.r·' ::~: .. ~"r. ::. ,. ;.-:~~. ::••_'. :.'.1-..... 1jl" .~: . .A~; DOOR SCHEDULE'~ NO, 1'I10TH HEIGHT NO OF UNIT AMOUNTSETS cosr'g': 01 600 2100 2 1500':~'[ .
'~J,., 02 700 2100 J
I,'.5, 0 5. 2100
1~ft. '04 2100
11(· ,;!f?; TOTAL
Lesson If"Creating Simple Plan and Labelling
E: FIELD (ACAD 2005)
43
From File Pulldown Menu, SelectDRAWING PROPERTIESIn tl,e Drawing Properties Dialog Box,SelectSUMMARYtabIn the Author, Type your nameClickOICThen Regenerate the drawing.
7.8.9.
5.
6.
Exer, # 2: Using field to add information such as date., ,
k:eh~Tw~~ "I;;it4brrj"!.:r'p;~~
t·~'" ~ -
~E(f1x:.'" , ~-1'!!\","""""::lrln.......-u _ I t=.u.• .Il.llIt.. , ~.........
1On_ere- ' : '1'l1UcLoI~11:10 ....'~Wtl',.......eur=o_....c.-~~-,.,~--CIooolKJ:o.'...._..""',,."...!~~~.liOll--..
A field is updatable textthat is set up to display data that may change during the life cycle of thedrawing. When the field is updated, the latest value ofthe field is displayed.
Exer. # 1: Using field to change the author name usingdrawing properties.
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1"'~<1h'o''''DO\'V1-Vl!Irrrih:_"aIt'''~\
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fig, V-lB. Showing the Field dialog Box
Command: FJELD (enter)
I. In Field Category, Select ALL2. In the FieldNames, Select AUTHOR3. Click OJ(
4. Specify start point or [Height!Justif)!]:pick (mv poillt
J!j=~~. Vt!W ~ Format Tooh
~UlIIJ£!es
a"""".:.. '" ..4
Command: FIELD (enter)
I. [n Field Category, Select DATE & TIME2 In the Field Names, Select DATE3. In the Examples Pane, Select a Date Fonnat4. ClickOI(5. Specify slart point or [Height/Justify]:[1icl<
anv point
tt':."" IExer, # 3: Using field to update the Date & Time
IVfig. V- J9. Showing Drawing Properties
Dialag Box
Command: UPDATEFIELD (enter)Select objects: pick tile fieldSelect objects: press enter
AutoCADC Cl • [ Web sila: hllp:l/www.nicrtlca.dd.com
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IIII~~
11 .'Lesson J'
Paper Si=e and. Title Block 44
A: UNlTS, LIMITS, PAPER SIZE
set the number of decimal
: UN femer) or DDUNITSCommand
1. UNITSCommand to control unit of measurement for linears and angles and toplaces.
,;..',.' .•. . ,,:..,
. ,j. - -
---I. I'
I---'_ ..__. -_.
I,
angle unit lype
angle precision
position of on nndangle direclion
With the exception a/Engineering and Architecturalformats, theseformots can be used with any basic..' unit ofmecuurement. For example, Decimal mode is perftctfor metric IInits as ll'e/J cu decimal English units.
«:2r' Formula on computing paper size - Paper size x Plotting scale
2. ONSCREEN PAPER SIZE can be r~reseiifedusing-the following:
GRID EXTENTS lise LIMITS command to modify grid extentsBOUNDING OBJECTS -. ··paper can be represented by a rectangle, corner pts., lines, etc.
Exer. # I: Limits for 10" x 8" paper-at!: 100 scale!
0.25 • 100 = 25m.0.20 • 100 = 20m.
Onscreen paper size 25 x 20
" I
, .
a) Convert inches to meter
10" • 0.02548" • 0.0254
0.25m.0.20m.
1:1001:00
(SCALE)
X (0.25)
oN
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~1 _)(\ l' You may also lise a 25 x 20 Rectangle, then Zoom (Extents)
L'jZOOMCommand : Z (enter)
[AlJ/CenterlDynamic/Extents/Previolls/Scale/WindowJ <real time> : A fenter)
44
imClI ';·.,•t
b) LIMITS
Command : LIMITS (enter)
SpecifY lower left comer or [ON/OFF] <0.0000,0.0000>SpecifY upper right corner <12.0000,9.0000>
Lesson I'Paper S~e and TItle Bfodi.
: press enter: 25,20
45
•Iypo.:i·", ill: Same paper size at 1:50scale,
isillll ,II Convert inches to meter..I 0'• 0.25 • 50 = 12.501. 1:50 N... (SCALE) e.
0.20 • 50 = 10m. >-
\J Onscreen paper size 12.5 x 10
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Command : REC (enter)
SpecifY first corner point or [CharnferfElevationfFilletrrhickness/Width]SpecifY other comer point or [ArealDimensions/Rotation]
Command : Z (enter)
IAIIfCenter)DynamiclExtentslPrevious/Scale/Window] <real time>
;' Create a Titleblock as shown below (see enlarged drawing on the nexl page)
'. I ZOOM
Lesson V ~ 46Drafting a TBIDCk ;
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II: DISPLAY AND VIEW COMMANDS
I. ZOOM command to modifY drawing magnification.
Lesson ,Display Commands 47
Zooms interactively to a logical extentThe cursor changes to a magnifying glasswith plus (+) and minus (-) signs.
displays all objects & limits fit to screendisplays all objects fit to screenrequires a center point & a magnification factor; the center point becomes the
center of monitor and the magnification factor the height of screen.
restores last dsiplay f~Ni§"t#fu.$$JW¥~ ;:.;'~~.:- .left point becomes the lower left cor-
II
I... I
I 7.5 - )1----"--
P Enable 6flin!llion lor pen t.,io.:.m.
P" Enable &Wr,aI!OO ,........n ...Y-H !oI.,le:.
r En~ Mml!ltion dUlinglClGHf
[!I'",~::'''d --...- -.- )--- Foo,
ApPfom.,le lime 1s:JJ 1'lj5.ucand:.----------- --:-.f~d()lmance . --- _._.- -._. -_. _. I
I IM~.lr!t(1e$ pel :econd If0:) 1C>f :11O'.~ang Iviewl/lI\....iom
numeric magnification factor relative
display selected object & fitto screen.
Real Time
AllExtentsCenter
PreviousLeftner ofmonitor.Dynamic pannable zoom-window.Window windowed area is shown fit onscreen.Vmax allows user to zoom out as far as pos-sible on the current vports virtual screen without forcing a complete regeneration ofthe drawing.Scale(x) numeric magnification factor relativeto currrent view.Scale(xp)to paper space.Object
2. VTOPTIONS - to control the animated behavior ofZoom & Pan r llk
+Acll~lVicw·Sludlo 1!18Ei
3. Pan4.Redraw5.Regen
"===~'===- --"',,,~dShifts drawing display without changing drawmg magllJ Jcatlonremoves blips.forces a complete drawing regeneration. It can be use after FILL=ON/OFF or
TEXTFILL = 1/0 or QTEXT.6. Regenauto command to control automatic regenerations.7. Viewres control fast zoom mode and screen resolution of curves.8. AV Aerial View9. Character ( ') - to use a conunand transparently, enter an apostrophe (') before entering the command at
any prompt.
fig. VI-I. Showing AV
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48Lesson ,.
Utilities and Fifes Commands
or to export into other
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2. Saving a drawing file
Save .. To save current drawing file.Qs ave Quick saveSaveas To save current file to another file or filename
versions of autocad
MDE .. Opens multiple drawings simultaneously. (see page 89 for more details)Partial Drawings - Load geometry from a selected view or layer into a drawing.QNEW .. Starts a new drawing with the option ofusing a default drawing template file.
C: UTILITIES AND FILES COMMANDS·1. Opening a drawing file
NEW .. To begin a new drawing.OPEN .. To open an existing autocad drawing file (* .DWG)
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ModifY Commulld\
MODIFY AND CONSTRUCT COMMANDS
491
-::.31
_~fl gRASE
o.::t! COpy"" 1-
Lllh. MIRROR
d! QFFSET
DO, ARRAYDO -
itt IMOVE
(). !ROTATE
lj]!SCALE
D~,mmTCH
-"c. TRIM
,--1 EXTEND
o BREAK at Point
c.J BREAK
........ lOIN
!:;r-I CHAMFER,;;>-[ fiLLET
=jf ~LODE__I
A. Commands to duplicateARRAY,COPY, OFFSET, & MIRROR
B. Command to clean cornersFILLET & CHAMFER
C. Command to modify object orientationROTATE,MOVE, & ALIGN
D. Command to resize objectSCALE & STRETCH
E. Command to edit polylines & splinesPEDlT, EXPLODE & SPUN EDIT
F. Command to edit textODEOIT, OOMOOIFY. CHANGE, & SPELL
G. Comand to edit attributesATTEDIT, DOATTE, BATTMAN & EATTEXT
H. Command to change posit,on of endpointsTRIM, EXTEND, LENGTHEN, GRIP, CHANGE & JOIN
I. Command to-~meas!!J=e'linearsand curvesPOINT, D1VID~ASURE
J. Use of gripsSTRETCH,MOVE,ROTATE,COPY,SCALE,MURROR
K. Deleting & undeleting objectsERASE, OOPS, UNDO,REOO,MREDO
SELECTION METHOD (see appendix 167)Command: Select (enterlSelect objects: ? (enterl
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WPolygonCPolygonfenceRemove
ALLBOXGroupCLassADD
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50
A: COMMANDS TO DUPLICATE
~ L~n~1~ 1'4 Modify Commondst'f,-----------------------'-="--=-'--'---'---=---=---/
1. ARRAY
Command to duplicate objects/entities using Polar and Rectamwlar options
Exer. # I: Using array with Polar option( Creates an mTay by copying the selected objects around a center point.)
.rl~ELECTED OBJECT 0 !-=-.) 0
l~~,.~ 0Q<?(use OSNAP - center)
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,.~1
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, ,
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\ 1/".I,
,2Br ----- ----r, ,
: ! :3 :,
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fig. VII-I. Using Polar Array
~-g~11.Polar Array
2. Select objects (2A & 2B)
3. Center Point (3)Specifies the center point ofpolar array. Enter coordinatevalues for X and Y, or choose PickCenter Point to 'use the pointingdevice to specify the location.
4. MethodSets the methnd used to positionobjects. This setting controlswhich of the Method and Valuefields are available for specifyingvalues.
S. Total Number of [ternsSets the number of objects thatappear in the resultant array. Thedefault value is 4.
6. Angle to FillSets the siie of the array bydefining the included anglebetween the base poinlS of thefirst and last elements in the array.A positive value specifiescounterclockwise rotation. Anegative value specifies clockwise
rotation.
7.Rotate Items as CopiedRotates the items in the alTaY,as shown in the preview area.
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Lesson FIModify Commands
Exer. # 2: Using array with Rectangular option(Creates an array defined by a number of rows and columns of copies of the selected object)
51
AutoCAD
6. Row OffsetSpecifies the distance (in units)between rows. To add rowsdownward, specify a negativevalue.
4. ColumnsSpecifies the number of columnsin the array. [fyou specify onecolumn, you must specify more thanone row
5. Offset Distance and DirectionProvides a space for you tospecify the distance and directionof the array's offset.
3. RowsSpecifies the number of rows in the
array. If you specify one row, youmust specify more than one column.
7. Column OffsetSpecifies the distance (in units)between columns. To addcolumns to the left, specify an~gative value.
8. AngleDf ArraySpecifies the angle of rotation.This angle is normally 0, so therows and columns are orthogonalwith respect to ti,e X and Ydrawing axes ofthe current UCS.
2. Select Objects
18811. Rectangular Array, .
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2. COPY
Command to duplicate objects within a drawing. by defining a base point or displacement (staningpoint) and a second point ofdisplacement.
Exer. # 3:Single copy with a given distance
3.50B
f'------l1.. 03
jig. 1'11-3. ShOlt'ing copy wit1l~pC!c{lie" hm'epoinl
Command CO (enler)
Select objects : pick ASelect objects : press enlerSpecify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: : MID of (B) or pick (111\' pl.
Specify second point or <use first point as displacement> : (aj3.5<OSecond point ofdisplacement or <use first point as displacement> : <>-
Exer. # 4: Multiple copy i-------,, ,, ,, G'! O. I
, .1.._-------'
c
; ,.,'
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Command : CO (enter)Select objects : pick CSelect objects : press ellterSpecify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>Second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>Second point ofdisplacement or <use first point as displacement>Second point ofdisplacement or <use first point as displacement>Second point ofdisplacement or <use first point as displacement>
: pick (fill' /II. (D)
: pick E: /lief, F: pick G. ,.~
3. OFFSET (see page 39)
Command 10 copy objects that are similar and parallel to existing entities at n specified elistance orthrough point.
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~ MICRDCADD TECHNoLoGtES
4.MJRROR
Exer. # 5: Mirror a floor plan as shown (set mirrtext)
Command to create a reverse image ofselected objects.
53
r;::======...;. "
Mirrtext - Controls how the MIRROR command reflecls texl.o Retains text directionI Reverses text direction
4-'%7
Lesson /'/Modi[v ComnUlJtds
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2. CHAMFER
Chamfering connects two nonparallel objects by extending or trimming them to intersect or to joinwith an optional beveled corner.
fig. Vll-5, Using mirror and m,irrtext
AutoCAD
mlrrorlln_
- c2
TO.
STUDIO
TO.
ENTRY
STUDIO
EtlTRY
FLOOR PLANSCALE 1:100MTS
mirrtext = 0
EXIT
EXIT
: pick endpoint 1: pick endpoint 2: press enter
c-I
Command : MI (enter)Select objects : (select bv window)Select objects : press ellterSpecifY first point ofmirror lineSpecifY second point bfmirror lineErase source objects? [YeslNo] <N>
ENTRY
FLOOR PLANSCALE 1:100MTS
mirrtext = 1
1. FILLET (SEE PAGE 40)Command to round or clean the edges of two selected objects.
E""'-'
(,(=-J i
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z ToSS
STUDIO l~ _,
Il: COMMAND TO CLEAN CORNERS
Lesson ViModify Commands 54
-1'<'--,i-·
I
Chamfor DIst1 &2zero
,---
Fillet radius
"''"0
./
Chamfer Dlst1&2nonzero
Fillet radiusnonzero
fig. VJf-6. Showing difJ. beniJeen chamfer andfillet
Exercise I: Chamfering
l. __ .;fig. Vll-7. Showing result J fig. VI1-8. Showing result II
Command : eRA (elller)(TRlM mode) Current chamfer Distl = 0,0000, Dist2 = 0,0000Select first line 01' [Undo/PolylinelDistance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/Multiple] : DSpecify first chamfer distance <0,0000> : 0.30Specify second chamfer distance <0.3000> : enterSelect first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/Multiple] : plckASelect second line or shift-select to apply corner : pick B
«:f:~ Hold dowil the shift key to set distallce to zero
Command : press enter (see result 11)(TRlM mode) Current chamfer Distl = 0.3000, Dist2 = 0.3000Select first line or [Undo/Eolyline/DistallcelAngle/Trim/mEthodlMultiple] : ESelect 2D polyline : pick C
c: COMMANDS TO MODIFY OBJECT ORIENTATION
1. ROTATE
Command to rotate selected objects at a specified-base point
fig. 1,'11-9. Shall';I:·selecfrcl objerl
jig. VII- I o. Shnw;u··sc!ecled uhjeci
Exercise: Rotate object as shown
8-' . I.
R,efig. VII-II. AboUl basepoint
i_:~:1••• t'.\ ..
.. ~;.- .~. .'
Command : RO (elller)Select objects : pick eSelect objects : press enterSpecify base point : END or (P)
Specify rotation angle or [CopylReference] <0>: 45
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Lesson VIModify Commands
2. MOVE
55
.'" Command to relocate selected objects
AuloCAD
result
: press enter: press enier
four points specifiedselected object
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Command : AL (elllerlSelect objects : pick (AISelect objects : Dress enterSpecify first source point : END 0((1)
Specify first destination point : END 0((21Specify second source point : END of (3)
Specify second destination point : END 0((41Specify ihird source poiDt or <continue>Scale objects based on alignment points? [YeslNo] <N>
3.50
fig. ViI-) 2. Showing move withspecified basepoint
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Command : M (enler)Select objects : pick ASelect objects : (enter)Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: MID oUB) 01' pick allY poinlSecond point ofdisplacement or <use first point as displacement>: @3.5<O or
(Orl"o Oil) drag -4 ,type 3.5 (elller)
Use ALIGN to move, rotate, or scale objects into alignment with other objects. Add source points 10
the objects you want to align, and add destination points to the objects to which you want the sourceobjects to align. You can add up to three pairs ofsource and destination points to align an object.
OaExer. # 3: Align object as shown
..I.)...,..~
Exer. # 2: Move object as shown
3. ALIGN
Aligns objects with other objects in 2D and 3D.
Lessnn UModify Commands 56
D: COMMANDS TO RESIZE OBJECT
1. SCALE
Command to shrink or enlarge selected objects
Exer. # 1: Scale a drawing using different Scale Factor
A l'(' .C '.-:'
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r---,/ ,
/ ,/ ,
( ~, ,
'0', ,, ), /
//
--"'
selected objecl scalejactor = 0.50 scale/aclnr = 2.0
'crl! L.j~
Command : Be (enler)
Select objects : pick ASelect objects : press enler
Specify base point : END of (AJSpecify scale factor or [CopylReference] <1.0000>: d
2. STRETCH
Command to resize selected portion ofobjects by llsing crossing-window(C) or crossing-polygon(CP).
Exercise 1: Stretch as shown
.--_._+ . 6.00. • 0.00
. ; . i·
EXIT
STUDIO
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! II . I
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". 8,
EX'T
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ENTRY ENTRY
jig. VlI-13 llsing stretch
rD~1Command : B (enter)Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon...Select objects : pick pl. ASpecify opposite comer : pick pL BSelect objects : press enlerSpecify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: Mm oUC! or pick mlV poi/llSpecify second point or <use first point as displacement>: raX2.00<180
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E: COMMAND TO EDIT POLYLINES
1. PEDITcommand to edit polylines.
Les.\'(lJI /'1
Modijy Conlll1olUl.. 57
When you select the MUltiple option from the PEDIT command, you can select and edit more than onepolyline object at a time, you can select both polyline aod non-polyline objects. If one or more of theobjects that you select are not polylines, you will be prompted to convert them to polylines .
Exer. # 2: use pedit to modifY appearance ofa polyline
Command : PE (enter)
Select polyline or [Multiple]: : pick AObject selected is not a polylineDo you want to turn it into one? <Y> : Dress ellter
Enter an option [Closel,IoinlWidthlEdit vertexlFitlSplinelDecurve/Ltypegen/Undo] : LSelect objects : pick pi BSpecify opposite corner : pick pt. CSelect objects : press enter19 segments added to polylineEnter an option [Close/JoinIWidth/Editvertex/FitlSpline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo} : press enter
single obi ajiel" !Ising pedit
_ru-I;-iSU~
B,
IA,
fig, 1'/1·/ •. Usingpedit
20 objects
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. ,.. -: ;- 'I'L .. 1 ••• i
ell' .
..",..."..,...-=---,-" Options:r:;:: '-; :rl: . -,-:;-:. I,.~
'-:£l\~,ei~i;;t !\ - connects the last segment with first. /removes closing segment!:\'i~~jr :: ,;}::'t~lj - connects lines, arc or pline to the end ofan open pline
'" If1nhP-,:i;~:~~ -specifies a new uniform width ..;~j~di;~j;~if-· -moves, deletes or inserts vertex1~ '~"'.. th I'",-",(\,: ....P;;' .. creates smoo curves passing every con!To pomt:"! • ~",....... - .L. -_:.~, ~
..;, 'Spfine'f' ;""." . creates a curve passing through the first and the last control points..' '~".;o;v~,.:~,r, -straiglltens all segments of the polyl ine.
h ... ~~'lo .... ~~; .i.r-. ~a·....,...,·~· .....~O(::!;;\\i~!!!len "' .. - generates linetype in a continuous pattern through the veltices of the polyline
',. la" J~-~;; ;, . ..,( - ~~tJ~,•.•~~·~t _
options using shortcut mellu
Exer. # I: Use pedit to modifY appearanceof a polyline
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MICROCADD TECHNOLOGIES CD.
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Lesson 1'/Modif..v Commmuls 58
2. EXPLODE
Breaks a compound object into its component objects.
CommandSelect objectsSelect objects
: X (enter): pick lin object: press enter
2D and Lightweight Polylin~
Discalds any associaled widlh ollangent infolmation.
before EXPLODE after EXPLODE
F: GRIPS SHORTCUT MENU
Using Grips - allows preselecting of entities before issuing a command (noun-verb sequence).
Exer. # I: Use grip to modifY the appearance ofa polyline
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j- ~~~eOItls \yl}in bloc~.c. P E~gl~~~
~. Obicct :elCC~~oni lor dQ~' 01 g~
-0",,: - .;' ._- --.."..-- -'.-l[i=:,~·o~ '.. 3I SeI.c!cte:l I1P colOl:
lisA"; ,l;Ievet,",.ecIotl
To Resize the GripsCommand: OPTIONS
Jier P1.~!6~~:I:DiI1l4l!~clio~loI~e,IrGrip.s~- ---------.
L_~__~. ,_'! ,
text
poly6ne
fig. VII-16. Showing examples ofgrip locations
circle tine
)~ QspUne block
Jig, VIJ-J5. Shortcllt menll
showing grip modes
: Select an object: Select a grip to act as tlze base point
CommondComrnaud.. STRETCH"
Specify stretch point or [Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit]
L_,'_,- .-.-L-.----~_ ._ ..... _ ,.
: Right click. t/zen select olle oU/zegrip modes
G: COMMAND TO CHANGE POSITION OF ENDPOINTS
1. TRIM (SEE PAGE 40)
Trims objects at a cutting edge defmed by other objects
2. GRIP (SEE GRIPS ABOVE)
Command that allows you to make quick changes to objects in a drawing,
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3. EXTENDCommand to lengthen linears and curves up to a specified boundary.
Exer. # 1: Extend lines as shown",;:
"
H11 HIfi i
II., !.Il
«f..~-:> WHERE.o == BDundnryedges
x =: Obj. to extend
showing selected objects showing resulI
••
-Of I Command EX (enter)Current settings: Projection=UCS, Edge=NoneSelect boundary edges ...Select objects or <select all>: pick bOlllldarv edgers) (D)Select objects : press enterSelect object to extend or shift-select to trim or[Fence/CrossingiProjectrEdgelUndo]: pick object to exteud ( x )Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or[Fence/Crossing/ProjectlEdge/Undo]: (enter)
"/1"",,~if You can trim objects without leaving the EXTEND command. Hold down SHIFT and select the objecls
to be trimmed.
·f<
,-
4. LENGTHEN
Command to lengthen/shorten some linears and curves.
OPTIONSSelect object. - Display length ofselected objectDE Ita - SpecifY length of object to be added!!ynamic - Lengthen/shorten object by dynamic draggingIotal - Set new total length of object
Exer. # j; Lengthen or shorten object using above options
.,
, .'
Command : LEN (enter)Select an object or (DElta/PercentITotal/DYnamic]Current length: 5.000Select an object or (DEIta/PercentITotaI/DYnamic]
Command : LEN (enter)Select an object or [QElta/PercentITotaIIDYnamic]Enter delta length or [Angle] <0.0000>Select an object to change or [Undo]Select an object to change or [Undo]
Command : LEN (enter)Select an object or (DElta/PercentlIotaIIDYnamic]SpecifY total length or [Angle] <1.0000»Select an object to change or [Undo]Select an object to change or [Undo]
: piclc a lilleS.OOO
: press enlerSelected object
:DE:2__
: pick any line 2.000
: press enter Selected object
:L-s.ooo:_5_ -_.
: pick any line c
: press eltter sSelected object
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jig. 1/11-/9. Using changeF8~OFF
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fig. VII-2/. Afler Join(single line)
2nd point
2nd point
: pick /lew locatio/l
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1st point
Default optIoo
501. Dbj. & 1st point
oSel. Dbj.
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jig. VII-2/. Unes before Join(broken Jines)
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Lesson ViModify Commands
1st point& 2nd point
Using Rrst (to specify 1st treak J:X:.)
fig. ViI-iB. Using changeF8~ON
CDmmand CHANGE (enter)Select objects : pick all linesSelect Dbjects : vress enterSpecifY change point or [properties]
Using@
fig. VIi-20. Using break command
CDmmand : BR (enter)Select Dbject : vick 1st vointSpecifY secDnd break pDint Dr [First point] : pick 2nd point
CDmmand tD join objects tD fDrm a single, unbrDken object.
6. BREAKCDmmand tD break Dbjects except hatch, solids, blDcks, and texts/shapes.
Exer. # 1: Break the lines using different break DptiDns
7. JOIN
5. CHANGE POINT
CDmmand tD lengthen or shorten lines by a "cbange point"
Exer..# 1: Lengthen or Shorten objects<Ortba F8~ON/OFF>
I. WATER CLOSET
Command : ZOOM --'Options <real time> : pick (B)Opposite corner : pick (C)
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~4':Ir:=oo,sJj ,0 •• ~----"-n:
o0..0:3 0
{"...x,.,: J i
2D JCIII/d"tn
STEP # 8 (FILLET (radius =0.05)Command :£ --'Selecl1" object [U/P/EfTIMj : E -'Fillet radius <0.0300> : 0.05 --'Sel. 1" object[UlP/RfTlMj :M --'Sel. 1" object [U/P/RfTlMj : pick (N)Sel. 2'· object or shift-select to apply corner:: pick 101Sel. 1" object[U/PIRfTlMj : pick (Nt)Sel. 2'· object or shift-select to apply corner: pickIO,)
ij2. LAVATORY
STEP # 9 (ZOOM extents then QSAVE)(Filename: 2d-Template)
: pick pt. IA): @0.50.0.20
: Mid of (0): @0.55<270 --': 0.20 --'
'a~~-~-I~--t!Ol !ciL~~I--r
STEP # 1 (RECTANG)Command : REC --'1" comer pt [CIE/FfTlW]Other cor. pI. [AiD/R]
STEP # 2 (ELLIPSE)Command : EL --'Axis endpoint [AlC)Other endpt. of axisDist. to other axis [R]
·;
STEP#4(TRIM)
Command : TR -' . liFSelect objects or <select all> : ill9slElSelect objects : enterSelect obj. 10 trim or [F/C/PIEIRlU] : pick IG)Select obj. to trim or [F/CIPIEIRlUj : enter
:M-': pick IE): enter: pick IE) (or any pt.): @0.05<90 -'
D
r-··· l
r !OAOL J
A: 0.50
Command : ZOOM --'Options <real time> : Pi9UIDOpposite comer : pick IC)
STEP # 1 (RECTANG)Command : REC --'1" comer pt [CIEIFfTlW]: pick (A)OlhercoL pI. [AlD/R] :@0.50.0.40 --'
STEP#2(OFFSET)Command: Q -JOffset dist. or [TiElL] : 0.03 --'Select obj. to offset [EIU] : pick ID)Pt. on side to offset[ElM/U] : pick IE)Select obj. to offset [EIUj : enter
STEP#3 (STRETCH) ~Command :~ --' .._-- -Select objects :~ --' .
First corner : pick IF) ~Other corner : pick (8) :
Select objects: enter t P:O::9 JBase pt. or disp. : Mid of IH) (or any pt.) H
2" pt. of disp. : @0.04<270 --'
R~~)
E
: 0.03 --': J2if!!..llil: Q!9i..ill: enter
STEP # 3 (MOVE)CommandSelect objectsSelect objectsBase pt. or disp.2"' pt. of disp.
STEP # 5 (OFFSET)Command : 0 --'Specify offset dist. [rlElL]Select object to offset [ElUjSp. pt. on side 10 offset[ElM/U]Seiect object to offset [E/Uj
STEP # 6 (EXPLODE)Command :1:<;Select objects : Qi£!s.illSelect objects : enter
STEP # 7 (OFFSET)Command :Q --'Offset dist. or [TiE/L] : 0.05 --'Sel. obj. to offset [ElUj : !2i£!s..illPt. on side to offset[ElM/U] : pick 1M)Sel. to offset [ElU] : enter
STEP #4 (FILLET (radius = 0.03) )Command :F --'Select first obj;ct or [U/P/EfTlMj: E --'Specify fillet radius <0.00> : 0.03 --'Select first object or [U/E/RfTlMj: E --'Select 2D poiyline : !1itt.ill
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~ MICRDCADD TECHNOLOGIES
Lesson J'JlD Templwes 62
: R --': 0.06--':M --': pick J:~: pick (J1)
: pick (K,): (enler)
STEP #4 (OFFSET or ARRAY and CAL)Command : - AR --J
Select objects : oick (G)
Select objects : enterEnter the type of array [RIP] <> : B --'Number of rows (- - -) <1> : § --'Number of columns (I I I) <1> : enterDist. bet. rows or specify unit cell (- - -)» Expression: 0.441.5 --10.088
JOK
STEP # 5 (FILLET (radius =0.06)Command :E--1Selecl1" objecl [U/P/BfTlM]Fillel radius <0.0300>Select 1" object [U/P/RlT/MjSelect 1" objecl [UiP/RfTlM]Selecl 2"' objectSelect 1" object [UIPIRfTlM]Select 2"' objectSeleci 1" object [U/P/RfTlM]
3. KITCHEN SINK
STEP # 6 (CIRCLE and TEMPORARY TRACKING)Command : C -J ICen. pLfor cirCle [3P/2PlTlr] : T T --' 1m 0".'
Temporary OTRACK point : Mid of (Ll [LDCen. pI. for circle [3P/2PlTlr] : t 0.05 --' :Radius of circle [Diameter] <> : 0.015 --' I
STEP # 7 (ZOOM extents then QSAVE)
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D
UA 060 B
c
I
[lliW' ... ,('II""'" -;I ==:;i
:TT --': Mid of (I)
: I 0.05 --',--: '0.02 ..J
--': pick (Cl: pick IDI
Command :ZOOMOptions <real time>Opposite corner
I. REFRIGERATOR
0 nw0
n00
0.60
STEP#2 (EXPLODE)Command :~ --'Select objects : oifJs..(£lSelect objects : enler
STEP # 1 (RECTANG)Command : REC --'1ST cor. pI. [C/ElFrrlW] : pick pI. (A)Other cor. pt. [NQ/R] : Q --'Length for rectangles <>: 0.60 --'Width for rectangles <> : 0.63 --'Other cor. pI. [AlDIR] : pick pI. (B)
STEP # 7 (ZOOM extents then QSAVE)
STEP # 6 (CIRCLE and TEMPORARY TRACKING)Command :fCen. pt. for circle IITemporary OTRACK pI.Cen. pt. for circle []Radius [Diameter] <>
STEP #5 (FILLET (radius = 0.03))Command :f--'Sel.1 st objecl or IU/P/BfTlM] : B --' ~....,...,. 'Specify fillet radius <0.0600> : 0..03 --' I H'I~--'Sel.1stobject or [U/):/RfTlMj :): --' U-···ISelect 20 pline :~ . - -_ .. '
050
....----------A 090 B
: Jlli;JslQl: o!£!sjQl.
M 0.90o
; D~l'~Moc:i )"t. o.i.~ .~__ P.41 ,
O.OJ 0.03 ·...'0.03
Command : ZOOMOptions <real time>Opposite corner
STEP#1 (RECTANG)Command : REC --'1ST cor. pI. [C/ElFrrlW) : pick pI. (A)Other cor. pt. [NQIR] : QLength for rectangles <>: 0.90 --'Width for rectangles <> : 0.50 --'Other cor. pt. [ND/R] : pick pI. (B)
STEP # 2 (RECTANG and OSNAP FROM)Command :REC --' '~'---'-'1ST comer pI [CIEIFrrlW) : From --' ~.: :Base point : End of(E) M • ,,_c·<Offset> : @0.030.03 --' ~~.o~~0.6 ~Other cor. pt. [AlD/R] : @0.40.0.44--'
STEP#3 (LINE and OSNAP FROMj : FeCommand :,b -J E fl POlfl~
Specify first point : From --' QBase point : End of (F)<Offset> : @0.03<0 --' .Next point or [Undo]: @0.41<0 --' .~~-~--Next point or [Undo]: enter 0..,·041 .
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~ MICROCADD TECHNOLOGIES
63
AutoCAD
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N
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:R -'; enter:M-': pickM: pick (N): pick (M,): pick (N,): (enter)
Command : Q -'Distance or [T/ElL] : 0.03 -' ~Object to offset <exit>[E/Uj : pick (K) 0 0Poinl on side to offset [ElM/U): pick III OLO n
Object to offset <exlt>[E/UJ: (enter) -- K n • ~
STEP # 4 (ARRAY (polar) )CQmmand :.-AR-'Select objects : llli;!UElSelect objects : enterEnter the type of array [RIEl : f. -'Specify center point of array : Cen of (G)
Number of items in the array: 1 -'Specify the angle to fill : 360 -'Rotate arrayed·objs.? [YIN] :Y ...J
6. DRYER
STEP # 5 (ARRAY (rectangular)
Command : -AR -' al
Select objects : Jli9U!:!l 0 c: 0
Select objects : l1!£!U!l. H ._••=. g-Enter the type of array [RIP] : R -' '. ~ \ -:Number of rows (-) <1> :g -' -'oJol-Number of columns (III) <1> : g -'Dist. bet. rows or specify unil cell (-) : -0.30 -'Distance between columns Hill :0.30 -'
STEPS # 6 (EXPLODE and OFFSET)COmmand :~ ...JSelect objects :~Select objects : enler
0.60r---" i
leUSTEP # 1 (POLYGON (circumscribed)
STEP # 8 (ZOOM (all) then QSAVE)
STEP # 7 (FILLET(radlus =0.03) )Command :f.-'Select 1"obj. [UIP/RfTlMjFillet radius <0.03>Select1"obj. [UiP/RlT/MJSelect 1"obj. [UIP/RITlMjSelect 2"' obi.Select 1"obj. [UIP/RITIM]!Select 2'" obi.Select 1" obj. [UiP/RfTIM)
0.63
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o. S 0.30 O. S
0 0~a 0;
M
0;
0.60
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fj'P /I 6 (ZOOM (all) then QSAVE)
RANGE
--j: '.,:-. Lesson 1'1i': 2D Templates~-------------------------------_-=:::....:===---.•'"'< : «J (OFFSED
.If)m:md : a -J~'ril dist. or [TIEILj : 0.03 -'
,'bj. to offset [EJUj : pick (F). "' side to offset [ElMJUj : pick (G)
.~ rl "hj. to offset [EJU]<exit> : enter
: •• 114 (FILLET (radius =0.03) ).". '(,fIlmand :F. 1<" I sl object [UiP/RlTiM] :R-'• \,.':Ify fillet radius <0.0300>: enter>'.~" Islobjecl[UlP/RlTlMj :M-'.' ",., I 6t object [U/P/RlTlMj : pick (H)
'. I.,., 2nd objact : Jli£!Lill- ~., Isl object [U/P/RITIMj : pick (H,)
2nd object : pick (11)lslobject[U/P/RITIMj : (enter)
~1'1' 115 (RECTANG)I_ommand :REC
, i" cor. pt [C/EIFfTlW]: End pt. (J)
1.'1I'~r cor. pt. [NDIR] : @0.05,·0.05
: VTEP#3 (UNE andTEMPORYRYTRACKING)
; Command : L -' ~•• '~ .' Specify first point : From -' 0-' ••'
Base point : Cen of IE) ~.
<offset> : @O.05<:45 -' ~..specify.next point or [Undo] : @O.05<:45-'Specify next point or [Undo] : enter
Command : POL --'Number of sides <4> : enterCenter of polygon or [Edge] : oick (AJ[Inscribed I ~ircumscribed] <I~: ~ --'Radius of circle : 0.30 --'
64Lesson VI
2D Temp/ales
r".-.",( --I---~'t-' o.~" A· ,I , ~ IC.'_·."
--': pick (8)
: llli;!UQ
Command : ZOOMOptions <real time>Opposite corner
1l1'",!",t' •0"
STEP # 2 (CIRCLE and TRACKING)Command :~ --'Center pI. for circie [3P/2PrTtr] : TK --' E
1" tracking point : Mid ofrD) i"'f--' INext pI. (Press ENTER) : Mid of(El D (-.; )Next pI. (Press ENTER) : enter " •.•-'Radius of circle or [Diameter] : 0.25 --'
STEP # 3 (ZOOM extents then QSAVE)
7. WASHING MACHINE
STEP # 1 (PUNE)Command : PL --'Specify start point : pick any pointSpecify next pI. or (AlH/UUIW] : @0.18<45 ...JSpecify next pI. or [AlH/UUIW] : @0.18<315 ...JSpecify next pI. or {AlH/UUIW] : @0.12<45 --'Specify next pI. or IAIH/UUIW] : @0.30<135 --'Specify next pI. or [AIH/UUIW] : @0.30<225 ...JSpecify next pI. or [AlH/UUIW] : ~ --' (ciose)
0.05
'B.
f o10tio i~,0I
,~ _.~
.....~ .•_. -_.- ,... .j.0.60
9. DOOR
.-"--'-.
o0,
STEP # 1 (POLYGON (edge))Command : POL --'Number of sides <4> : enterCenter of polygon or [Edge] :S --'1" endpoint of edge : pick pI. IAl2"' endpoint of edge : @0.60<0 --'
.C- --I
0.05
""""::100""I:
A
I~_._._-_.-B
--': J1lf!UID: pick (C)
:1.0.05
Command : ZOOMOptions <real time>Opposite corner
Center pI. of arc : end of (0)
Start pI. of arc : @1::Q --'End point of arc or [AIL] : end of (F)
STEP # 2 (ARC)click DRAW (pull down menu)
choose ARCchoose : Center, Start, End
STEP # 1(RECTANG)Command : REC --'1'" cor. pt[C/EIFfTlW] : pick pI. IAlOther cor. pI. [Dim.] : @0.05 1.00 --'
STEP #3 (ZOOM exents then QSAVE)
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: 0.05 --': oick (D): pick (E): enter
--': J1lf!UID: pick IC)
Command : ZOOMOptions <real time>Opposite corner
STEP # 3 (CHAMFER)Command : CHA --'Select l' 'line [P/Q/AIT/M] : Q --'First chamler disl. <O.OOOO~ : 0.05--'Second chamfer disl. <0.0500~: enterSelect 1" line [EID/AIT/M] : E --'Seiect 20 polyline : o1£!UEl
STEP#4 (ZOOM (all) then QSAVE)
STEP # 2 (OFFSET)Command : Q --'Offset disl. or [T/ElL]Sel. obj. to offset [E/U]Pl.on side to offset [EiM/U]Select obj. to offset[E/UI<exit~
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Lesson VI?-D T!!mploles
-J: pick (8)
: pick (C)
LTUB
Command : ZOOMOptions <real time>Opposite comer
Command :b -JSpecify first point: Mid of (HlSpecify next point: Mid of (j)
Specify next point: enter
STEP #4 (CIRCLE)Command :£-JCenter pI. for circle [3P/2PfTlr] : Int offJ)Radius of circle or [Diameter] : 0.03 -J
STEP # 2 (OFFSET)Commant;l :QOffset dis.1. or [T/E/L] : 0.03 --'Select obj, to offset [E/U] : pick (D)Point on side to offset : pick (E)Select obj. to offset <exit> : ente,'
STEP#3 (LINE)Command :b --'Specify first point: Mid of (f)Specify next point: Mid of (GlSpecify next point: enter
STEP # 1 (RECTANG)Command : REC -J1" corner [C/EiElTlW] : E -JRadius <0.0300> : 0.06 -J1ST cor pi [C/E/FITIW] : pick pI. (A)Other cor. pI. [ND/RJ ' : @0.70,0.50 --'
Command :h-JSpecify first point: Mid of (F)Specify next point: Nea of (8)Specify next point: enter
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( ..1, \R..~P, AI"":,Cent pI. for circle [3P/2PfTlr] : Dick (A) \, ./Radius of circle or IDia.] , 0 50 -J ' .•. '
Command :ZOOM -J '-'- B10:Options <real lime> : ll!£!UID IOpposite corner : Dick ICl ! .
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'Command .:g--'Select objects : pick (J)Select objects : enter
Command :h-JSpecify first point: Nea (HlSpecify next poinl: Nea (I)Specify next point: enter
STEP # 3 (MIRROR)Command : MI -JSelect objects : pick (KlSelect objects : pick (LlSelect objects : enter1" pI. of mirror line : End of 1M)2" pI. of mirror line : End of INlErase source objs.? <N> : enter
STEP# 2 (LINE)Command :h -JSpecify first point: Qua of (D)Specify next point: Cen of (ElSpecify next point,: enter
STEP # 1 (CIRCLE)Command :£-J
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STEP # 5 [TRIM)Command :TR --'Select objects : pick (K) (circle)Select objects : enterSelect obi. to trim or [P/E/U]
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: pick (l) (trim lines insidethe circle)
Select obj. to trim or [P/E/U] :enter~ ./KC!:: ..h
L All linu1",,1<1. tho<:1::"1.'
STEP # 5 (ZOOM extents then QSAVE) STEP # 6 (ZOOM extents then aSAVE)
STEP # 4 (ARRAY (polar) )Command : • AR --'Select objects : pick (PIOther corner ': 0£!I.lQl,Select objects : enterEnter the type of array [RIP] :E -JSpecify center pI. of array : end of IRIEnter Ihe no. of items in the array: 12 --'Specify the angle to fill (+=ccw, ~r:N) <360> : enterRolale arrayed objects? [YIN] <Y> : enter
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BLOCKIJ.'lfG /CREATING A TEMPLATE
A: GROUPING ENTITIES
Lessoll 1"11Blockillg 66
1. GROUP command to group objects together as one unit. Grouped objects can not be retrieved or inserted.
2. BLOCK command to join objects lOgether and store it in a current file's block referencetable for later retrieval. Templates created using BLOCK command call not beretrieved in another file using Insert or Minsert command.
3. WBLOCK - command to write a drawing file from selected objects on screen or fFOm" block inthe current file's block reference table. Drawing files can be retrieved in anycurrent DWG file.
4. SAVE/SAVEAS-command to save the drawing under the currenl file name, or enter a differentfile name to save a copy of the drawing under that name.
B: MERGING BLOCKS
1. INSERT - To impol1 a template created using BLOCK/WBLOCK/SAVE commands2. MINSERT - Multiple inselt, imports a template and array it rectangularly.3. DESIGN CENTER - Can be used to insel1 blocks into a current dwg.
C: EDITING TEMPLATES FROM THE BLOCK REFERENCE TABLE1. EXPLODE - to break inserted blocks or dwgs into its componellt pal1s I primitives2. PURGE - to delete unused templates fi'om the Block Reference Table.3. RENAME - to change name of a template in the Block Reference Table4. REFEDIT - to Edit References in Place5. BLOCK EDITOR - to define dynamic behavior for a block detinition
GROUPExer. # I: Use the GROUP command to create a saved set ofobjec!s
Command : G (enler!
-In the Object Grouping dialog box,I. Under Group Identification, enter a
group name and a description.
ego NAME: we
2. Choose New.
-The dialog box closes temporarily.
-Select objects and press ENTER.
3. Choose OK.
rGroupl~ntflC6liorl --. --- • •',
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fig. VIII-I. Showing Object Grouping dialog hox
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Lesson VJJBlocking
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fig. VIIJ-2. Showingfixtures ond their base points,
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fig. VIIl-J Dialog box ofblock definition
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fig. VIIl-4. Showing list ofb/ocks
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lise the pointing device to select"bjects for the block defmition
(EX.) Select obj.(s). : Pick B & C
,,, ,he Block Definition dialog box
I "Ier a name for the block.
(." g. N8JI1e: weI I \;Ise Point,
nt,,"".l"'!"-.-..,.h"ose the Pickpoint button~rt.o0"<'
'ipecifY Insertion Base Point using therointing device.
cg. Ins~rtjon baseyoint. :MID a((AI
• j" , ,CK command to cr~atetemplates for we &LAV
: B (enter)
. :-: I Injects,
: ~ pecify whether to retain, con,,·,-t to block, or delete the se
!.,·Ied objects.
1.- ,.Hlock units.( 'hoose Meter
'. I!ocheck Scale 111IiformiySelect (check) Allow exploding
I , ,\I'l !!!'scription, (optional)
enter text to help identifY the block foreasy retrievaL
Choose OK. The' block definition is savedin the current d!awing.
.' 1 I.isttemplates in the block reference table
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B,'fJCUII,'l------_._---------_._---'---
Exer. '# 4: Insert LAY. Usex&y 5:;51.; factor:; to resize and rotate thf;'- templates.
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fig. VIiI- j, Showing about scale fig. V!11-6. Slio'wing abo!l/ rotation
fig. 1'111-7. Showing Insert dialog box
Command : 1 (enter)
In the Insert dialog box, specify the block name, where you w,mt to insert it in the currentdrawing and whether you want to explode it after insel1ion,Choose OK.
Specify insertion point or[Basepoint/Scale/X/YIz/Rotate/PScale/PX/PYIPz/PRotateJ: ph'l, {/Ill' {)"illt
EXPLODEBreaks a compound object into its component objects
A cumpound object comprises more than one AwoCAD ohjecl. A Block is an eXl/mple ofa compoundobject. YOll can explode 3D meshes, 3D solid\', h!ocks, bodies, dimensions, mIfltilines. fJul.lface meshes,pol.vgO}7 meshes, polyUnes, and regions.
Exer. # 5: Explode the LAY template.
Command : X (en IeI')
r:E!J Select objects : pick all objeci (Iav)Select objects : press ellier
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WBLOCKExer. # 8: Save a block as a separate drawing file
Command : W (enler)
In the Write block dialog box,Under Source,
l. Choose Blod'
2. Beside Block, choose a blockobject name
«2r Ifa block is selected, WBLOCK;-I automatically uses that block's
namefor the nel1'file.
3. Click the ellipsis burtonto browse the folder.anln assignthe filename.4. Set insert units to METERS5. Choose OK.
The block definition is saved as a drm<ing file.
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Exer. # 9: Save selected objects on screen asa separate drawing file
Command : W (enter)
In the Write Blockdialog box,
Under Source,
1. CllOose Objects
Under Base point,
2. Choose Pick point button tospecify the base point
Under Objects,
3. Choose Select objects button toselect the object for the block file.
4. Choose Retain
Under Destination,
5. Specify the File name and path
6. In the Insert Units list, chooseMETERS
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fig. "'/11-9
8. Choose OK.
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Exer. #- 8: Rename a named object (Block)
To rename a named objectCommand: RENAME
1. In the Rename dialog bo~;
under Named Objects. select theobject type (Blocks).
2. Select the named objectfrom the Items list. orenter the name in OldName.
.3. In Rename To.: enter thenew name
4. Click Rename To butto .._'. Choose OI~.
PURGE
EXtr. :: 9: R~1110Vt' unused named ob.iect/~
from the drawing databnsc
Command : PU (eni£:'LThe Purge dialog box displays a tree "'1':\,of obj~ci: types with items that can c.=purg.ed.
1. To purge unreferenced blocks. use oneofthe following method5:To purge all unreferenced biocks. sel~cl
block"To purge specific blocks. double-e1id:blocks to expand the tree view. Th~n selectlhe blocks to be purged
If the item you wallt to purge is nOllistcdselect Vie\-\' (tems You Cannot Purge.
2. You are prompted to confirm each iten"in the list.
3. Choose Purge.To confinn the purging of each item.respond to the prompt by choosing Yesor No. or Yes to All ifmore than oneitem is selected.
4. Choose Close.
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DYNAMIC BLOCK",lyl1amic block has flexibility and intelligence. A dynamic block reference can easily be changed in a";lIving while you work. You can manipulate the geometry in a dynamic block reference through custom',ips or custom properties. This allows you to adjust the block in-place as necessary rather than'.'fching for another block to insert or redefining the existing one
rJEdil or Create Block Definition Action~Save Block Definition Make Visible --, I r Mannge VISlblllt}
_1-kSave Block Definition Visibility Mode --. I ~r.=: States./' ~, ~:::'....!I=IA=v=======~nrL~·_it~ lA~clo"I'oBlodn->~~O<_::6 ;, 'Iiii .i-0 1Y;~'Nl""yS~",,=:.o'====3="Authoring Palettes ~
Parameter Update Pararnntc ,lnU Tc:-;l SIZ.eAction Define Atlnhute
Actions define how the geometry of n dynamic blockreference will move or change when the block reference ismanipulated in a drnwing. Whcn you add actions 10 theblock, you must associale them with parameters and
usually geometry
4' fIIove Ac~on.,~,-1. Scale Action •
'bt stretch Ac~on
bt' Polar Stretch Action
cf Rot.te Action
4tFlIP'Action
litM~YAction
,JI' l.eokup Action'
Parameters
n; ,'\ ~ Polar Para~r
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fl.lI.h:lcrs define custom properties for'i ll~llamjc block by specifying" ,lItI'1S, disIDJ1CCS, and angles for
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11. To Apply Scale PaJ'{fmeier & Action
I. Seleclthe block, .. ighl-c1ick»choose Block Edito..... 0" al thecommand prompt, apply BE, thenseleer the block name. click 01<.t~@;N;:;;~:iW~~ _-;.
I. To Apply Alignment Parrtmeter
I. Select the blocl<, right-click»choose Block Editor. .. or at thecommand prompt, apply BE, thens~!ect the block name, click OK.
1. C!it:k Pm~meiers tah. select.-IUf.:!1JPelli Parameter
•• _'•• n Alignment~l Parameter
.., Click Parameters lab. seleJ.:ll,inellJ"
PUrl/meter ~ IH' u""., P...mete, ~
C
~rccilY hase poilll of nlignmcm !:If !NRI1lt=]:-1!!l!L:!~pccif~ illigl1lllCnl dircClil\n or alignmenl lyre {Type] <Type>: II:ill·:r alignlllcnt Iypc IPt:rp~'ntlicLllt\riTnngelJiJ <PcrpcI1Jjl:Ular~' E..... pccil~ alignlllent din:.(;llllll llf :ilignmcl1l (ypc [Typcl <Type>" end IJ
." Click C1uJe Bloel, Editor button
.J Clid; Yes m save the changes.T; I ~lign the block. select the block.
did\ rhe g.rip and dmg the block to the\)bjecl where it is to be aligned
[/"~/ " ClIck 1/11.5 grip 10 align
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3. Click Actions lab. 5clect Scale ActioflB r--..,...----, .
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Sell:cl pnrumct~t: nick rISdec( (lhjecls: LJicf. BSpecify oppnsil~ I,;nrnl.:t: {lid' D
3. Click C1o..e Block Editor button4. Click }'eJ to save (he changes.
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.ll) Control the nnmber gtips 3. From the command line ',.... indow,Spetil~' ba~c point or lNilrTl~ ...l: End ASp~~ify rndius ofpurmnctcl: Elld BSpecify defnuh rOlation itngle or [Base nll!:!eJ :::U ': (1!II1LT'
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5. From the command line,SeleCl parameter: nick ASelect ohjeclS: pick BSp~cif)" opposite corner: Did; CSelect objects: (ellter)
Sp~ciry action loentian or lBase type]: (tiller)
6. Click Close Editor button, Click le.I'to save,
I ~.1 III [f"~- 5tretchA<:tiQn
'.l:.:::l ./,I~ 0" Pol~r Streich ",tic..4, Click Rotate Action i '~ . (
B ,. - - - - r----.., i :'1" 'f "','.A,oooI -"". I .1 _.
1 -.... i\ I\ ,
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.~k this pnrilllJclcr
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. , "".:' -:--click this;~.:l,§(-,:.: parameter
Click Close Editor btltton,:i. Click Yes to save,
',Click Properties icon. I.i'x'. [n the Properties window,'set theIlllmber of grips.
I, Click the block »right-ciick»Illock Editor2. Click the parameter.
IV To Apply Flip Parameter & ActionI, Select the block. right-click» choose BlockEditOl:.. or at the command prompt, apply BE, thenselect the block name, click OK,2, Click Flip Parameter,
~lut~
click this grip", to rotate
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3. From the command line,
I, Select the block, right-Click» choose BlockIOditor... or at the command prompt, apply BE,Ihen select the block name, click OK.
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2. Click Rotate Pa
[II. To Apply Rotate Parameter & Action
I
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Specify base point of reflection line or IName/Lahel/Description/Palette]: Em' IfSpecify endpoinl of reflection line: End BSpecify label location: nick C .
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.l.bRotatiory Parameter
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Blocking 74'1
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5. From the command line,Specify base point of reflection line or [Name/LabellDescription/Palette]: Emf ASpecify endpoint of reflection line: End BSpecify label location: pick C
6. Click Action tab. Click Flip Action. Lilt FDp Action
4. Click Flip Parameter.
AR~
Bl \
., B
nip slall'
click this grip 10 flip --<»._ ....::
J..: .
LeliCk ,his grip (~fliP
V. To Apply VisibilityParameter
I. Select the block, right-click» choose B/oc!,Editor... or at the command prompt, apply BE, thenselect the block name, click OK.
2. Click Visibility Part/Illeter. ";111m Vi~bilily Parcff,etel
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Select parameter: pickASelect objects: pick BSpecifY opposite corner: pick C
Select objects: Center)SpecifY action location: pick D
7. Click Flip Action again.
Select parameter: pick 1Select objects: pick 2SpecifY opposite corner: pick 3
Select objects: (enter) , . ISpecifY action location' pick 4
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8. Click Close Edito button. Click Yes
Specify parameter location: nick A
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3. Click Manage Visibility States icon4. Click Renallle. Change the default name.5. Click New. Add new names.
RCiCADD TECHNOLOGIES CO.:", I
GUI·B G'F, ThoG~ BidAmorsolo St, Makatl City~894-26eO • B43-6519
Web site: hl1jl:lNII'IW.mlo:locadtltamE-mat rrcad@microclldd,ccm
Visible objects
Invisible objects
Visible objects
Invisible objects
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Lesson VlI , 75Blocking ~
14. Click Close Editor button. Click Yes to save.15. Selectthedoor symbol. Click the grip. VI
I
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14. Select the name. (0.60). f%~~1!'RI~~-,,_," __ .:_.:;15. Click Make Visible, click the objects ib).16. Click Make III visible, click the object (x)
\JYisibility
I I. Select the name. (0.80).t! jjll)iJ!):;~JW~'."=~_~--::J;12. Click Make VISible, click the objects ([]).13. Click Make III visible, click the object (x)
'W"isibility
Visible objects
Invisible objects
Invisible objects
Visible objectsoX-
0
\ X\1I
~isibility
\W Visibil it Y
".
\,0.90001
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8. Select the name. (0.90). ~JD:~", .. '_ ,:1m9. Click Make Visible, click the objects (to.10. Click Make III visible, click the object (x)
~MICRClCADD TECHNOL.OGIES CO. [ Web site: http1hMw.rn:crtlCadd.com I AutoCAD
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DES:l:GN CENTER
The De~ign Center provides direct access to COnLelli ,)11 your deskwp. network. Web. ;)lld 10 loealt: :lnd held
conteni. ::'llch TIS blocks. lay~rs, and \lfll11e-d ohjetl>;. into ~.oLlr drawings.
Browse di tfer~IlL drawing cOIllt:nr\iie....,. [he block and loyer definitiCll1suf drtiwing rilesinsert, mInch or copy and pas~c definitipn infO ,1 currell! dwg.Open drawing by dragging a !Ill: from ,n,';:, VIZ". ~nw a dra\'.'ing editorView and anach ras.ter linage till: into ~l ·:ir.'I'.\·ing areB
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r<"AVORITES - Displays shortcut!! 10 tiiesor to folders srored in the rilvorit'~'.
tolder
OPEN DRA\V1NGS ~ List dr::\\iJHl$ l!li.l!
ar~ open
UP - Moves one level from currellt IOCilll~'il
PREVIEW - Displays an image of an objeclin a window nI the bottom of tree pane
LOAD· Displays :oad Design ('<nler"alene dialog cox.
SEARCH - Displays Search Dialog box.
HOM E- RelUrilS DesignC el!ier to your homefolder.
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"
THEE VIEW TOGGLE - Displo'.·s or ;,iole,.fee view
. :t:.
-~(-l\fill,
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DESCRIPTION - Displays teXl discriplionof an object in a window at the bottomof tree pane
§ T VIEWS - Provides four different displayformats for content loaded in palette
cli~to,j] HISTORY - List last 10 locorions acces«Jthrough Design Center
"The Design Center Window
F(,Iders:; FO LDERS - Lisllocal and ne{wf'j'L: dri\ '::
Command : DC fenter)
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77
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AutoCAD
Lesson' "1/Blocking
EXIT
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STUDIO
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using REFEDIT, blocks can be edited without exploding (SEE NEXT PAGE)
Command : ADC (enter)
2.0SNAPSet
1. SNAP (ON)Polar distance
Exer. # 10: Insert REF, LAV, we, TR and DR at Studio.dwg file using AutoCAD Design Center as shown below
SCALE
A. SET TIffi FOLLOWING PARAMETERS
B. OPEN DESIGN CENTER
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Tool Palettes
Lesson VII I 78Blocking }
II. To Create New Palette Tab V. To Add Tool by DRAG & DROP'o/geometry
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rVII, To Add Text &Separator(use right-click onpalette Wi'ldow)
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VI. To Delete a Tool, rightclick on tool.
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~ Push SuttonI' l? -Imperic3!
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Riglu.click here
III. To Rename/Delete Palette Tab,right-click on palette tab to access theshortcut menu. . , ,,,j
. Imperiel !:~lllP.les ti~i l~~,,",1: I~
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. ~ Imperfal's"mp!esii
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J
79
weAFTER
weBEFORE
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Lesson l"}fBlocking
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: pick tlze tlzree lines tlzat form rectallg above tlze we (enter)
~" I
: F (enter) (fillet the corner ofthe three lines with the radius of0.03)
opercent fading, minimum value90 percent fading, max imum value
. .MICROCADD TECHNOLOGIES CO.
, The WC is highlighted and the Reference Edit dialog box is diplayed. Click OK
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Command : REFCLOSE (enter)Enter option [SavelDiscard reference changes] <Save> : (enter)
Corrunanid
Select nested objects
Controls whether the current drawing can be edited inplace when being referenced by another drawing.
o Can't use in-place reference editing1 Can use in-place reference editing
SAVEBACK CHANGES TO REFERENCEDISCARD CHANGES TO REFERENCEREMOVE OBJECTS FROM WORKING SETADD OBJECTS TO WORKING SETREFERENCE NAMEEDIT BLOCK OR XREF
jig. VllI-J3. ShulVingrefediltoolbor
See page 81 for more information about XREF
~ Often, a drawing contains one or more xrefs as well as multiple block references. When working with block~s-1" references, you can select a block, modify it, and update the block reference. When work~ng with xrefs. youcan use in-place.reference editing to select the reference you want 10 work with. modify ilS objects. and saVe back thechanges to the reference drawing. You can make minor changes without having to go back and forth between drawings.
Controls the tadiog intensity for references being edited in-place.
Exer.# II: Use Refedittomodify WC
Command : REFEDIT (enter)Select reference : pick we (local block)
o90
XEDIT
XFADECIL
REFEDITYou can modify external references and redefine block definitions from within the current drawing by usingin-place reference editing. Both blocks and xrefs are considered references.
rj, - LeSSfJl,' ('11
B/nckitlg 80
POINT, DIVIDE AND lV"lEASURE
1. POINT2.DDPTYPE
- command to create a point onscreen- modifies point size and style
Command DDPTYPE (enter)
~~!..~" ~;
DD[fJ·~·Q]1[Q] [Q]~ [@ [Q] i@[Q][mJ~ [rul[Q] [Q] [mJ rnTI [ru I
!Unit,. .!
ii
Point~i,.: 1·25
r Set SizeBel~lj...e to SCI~en
r.- Set Size in Bbrolute Uriils
;1 ,pflif/j/·k UiMgrOilj, s,y!t!i~p
3. DIVIDEMaries offa specified number ofequal lengths Oil selected object by plncing point objects or blocks <llong thelength or perimeter of the object. Valid objects that can be divided include arc~, circlt:s, ellipse!'> and elliptlcn!arcs, polylines. and splines.
Exel'. # I: DIVIDE an object and lise POrNT as a mal'ke!'
)(2 )( 3 )( 4 )( 5 )( 6 )f.:I .~. .a..
Command : DIV (enter)Select object to divide : pick 1st lineEnter the number ofsegments or [B lock] : !!.8 _
Exer. # 2: DIVIDE an object and use BLOCK as a marker
Command : DIV (enter)Select object to divide : pick 2nd lineEnter the number ofsegments or [Block] : ",Be...,.,....-_Enter name ofblock to insert : LA"",,,,V _Align block with object? [YeslNo] <V> : press enterEnter the number ofsegments ,-::..7 _
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jig. VIJl·15. U,·ing DIVIDE
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81
fig. VIlJ-J6. UsingMEAS,URE
jig, VlII-f7. Showing Attribute Definition dialog box
: Dick lrd line:B:we: dress enter:0.80__
Specifies that attribute values won't appear when you insertthe block. (ATTDlSP overrides invisible mode)Gives attribute a fixed value for block insertionPrompts attribute value twiceSets the attributes to its default value when you insert theblock
'f~)jjjj$TMitf·l1!ftiijfti!ll~#.i!J1ll%'.r<::::';·:::.,. '... .,Mod!!-: -..L,..- -,
.~ ,r' i~er'~t~ntr ~edy
'r B!C!fel
ConstantVerifyPresets
'.
'.r -
Attribute modes:Invisible
Command : ME(enter)Select object to measureSpecify length of segment or (Block]Enter name of block to insertAlign block with object? [YeslNo] <V>Specify length of segment
1. ATTDEF or DDATTDEF - command to create an attribute
A. Command associated
Define the mode; attribute tag, prompt, andvalue; insertion point; and text options for anattribute.
1. Create the 2D model usingCircle (r=0.30) and Line
3. Use Wblock to create a file
2. Create an attribute
Command : ATT (enter)
Exer. # I Create a door tag using DDATDEF
Lesson ,'/IBiocking
4. MEASUREMarks off a specified segment lengths on selected object by placing point objects or blocks.
Exer. # I, MEASURE an object and use a BLOCK as a marker
!lMICROCADD TEOHNOLOGIES CO. [ Web site: ht!;l1/W1w1JTWoca~d.com ) AutoCADE·malm:ad@niclocadd,tllm• :-,
Suite 500 DoRa CorlS(~laciori Sldg G11~B GIF. The Gallery Bid SI! Ciy MIrth fDSA SAl Manila SM CMlelpo':nt SIll. Me5 SMPampMga ftl BlItlIwCavllo602 Gen. Sanlc5 Ave~ CtJ!lilO, a Amofsokl St, MakaU City Cy!ltlrzone !!Jdg 5th Le~1 3rd level Ground Rr~ Main 81~~Jl GroundFt.'&' 911·2062·911·2055 liir69~·26BO· 643·6519 ~925,J297-926·328 'A"404-136S, 522·9272 ~ 714-3713·714·3730 2 71~·3713· 714·37 2{(46)9701976
ATTRIBUTESAn informational text associated with a block
~.,
LCSSlJl1 I '1/ll/ockillg 82
Exer. # 2: Open studio file and insert call out (dtag.dwg) us shown below
Command : 1 (enler)
DRAWN
6i'IQi7
Exer. # 3: Edit attribuleusingDDATTE, ATTEDlT. EATTEDIT, BATTMAN
Command : EATTEDIT (elller) or dOl/hie click all AllribuleSelect block reference: pick al1 attribute
ORtlDSH~IO
'piDni'l,ENf.Etl D.O~A NO.ENTER SHEET 110
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Selectg~Jd J!J,
~"w.. r.IO;;;'I'--~~---'---~~--
""", t· .' Q< .Ifig. VIII-18, Showing Enhanced Attribute Editnr dialog bay
INQUIRY COMMANDS
3. MASSPROP- Calculates and displays the mass properties of regions or solids.
1. DIST
2. AREA
4. LIST
5. ill
- Measures the distance and angle between two points.
- Calculates the area and perimeter of objects or of defined areas.
Displays database information for selected objects.
- Displays the coordinate values of a location.
AutoCAD)• •
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I/I!}... M'ORDOADD TECHNDCDmES OD. [ ••~-~-
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AutoeAD
Lesson rlJBlocking
:_0_: pick boundary (F)
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: END oUA): END DUB): END of(C!: END of(D1: press ellter
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fig. VlII-/9. Showing Boundaty Creation dialog box
MICROCADD TECHNOLOGIES CD,
Command : AA (enler)Specify first comer pnint or [Object!Add/Subtract]Seiect objectsArea = /6.66]8, Perimeter = /9.27/2
1. LIST
Command : LI (en ler)Select objects : pick any existing textSelect objects : press ellter
TEXT Layer: "0"Space:A1odelspace
Handle - 2£Style = "Standard"Fantfile = txtstart point. X- 7.8 y- 4.8 Z~ 0.0height 0.2000text studio
rotation angle 0width scale factor 1.0000
obliquing angle 0generation normal
Command : AA (enter)Specify first corner point or [Object!AddlSubtract]Specify next corner point or press ENTER for totalSpecify next corner point or press ENTER for totalSpecify next comer point or press ENTER for totalSpecify next corner point or press ENTER for totalArea = 25.5225, Perimeter = 20.6000
4. AREA with BOUNDARY
2. DIST
Command : DI (enter)Specify first point : END oUA)Specify second point : ENDoUB)
3. AREA
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Command : BO (enter)
AutoCAD displays the BoundQlY Creation dialog box.
I. Choose Pick points button2. Select internal point: pick (H)
Distance = 6./50, Angle inXY Plane = 0, Ang/efromXY Plane = ()Delta X - 6. /50. Delta Y ~ 0.0000. Delta Z ~ 0.0000
Exer. # I: Use DIST. AREA commands to get measurements
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Blocki,,}!
5. AREA using Add and Subtract
84
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jig. V1ll-20. Showing STUDIO with e.:T.is/jug boundary
Command : AREA (elller)Specif)dirst comer point or [Object/Add/Subtract) : A (enler)
SpecifY first corner point or [Object/Subtract) piele !NT o( (A)
SpecifY next corner point or press ENTER for total (ADD mode): pick !NT o( rE)SpecifY next corner point or press ENTER for total (ADD mode): pick INT 0((C!
SpecifY next corner point or press ENTER for total (ADD mode): pick INT o((DJSpecifY next corner point or press ENTER for total (ADD mode) : (enter)Area = 25.5225, Perimeter = 20.6000
Tota/ area = 25.5225
SpecifY first corner point or [Object/Subtract)Specify first corner point or [Object/Subtract)((SUBTRACT mode) Select objectsArea = /6.6618. Perimeter = 19.27/2Tata/ area = 8.8607
(SUBTRACT mode) Select objectsSpecifY first corner point or [Object/Add)
S (enter)o (elller)
pick line (E)
: (enler)
: (e17ler)
Defines the object type, boundary set, and island detection method for defining boundaries trompoints you specify. The Boundary Creation dialog box is a limited version of the Boundary Hatchdialog box.
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Lesson 1'1/1Layering 85
LAYERS, COLORS, LINETYPES, LINEWEIGH1', PLOT STYLE CONTROL
LayersAn electronic overlay similar to an acetate. Every layer has an associated color and linetype.Layersare the equivalent ofthe overlays used in paper-based drafting. They are the primary organizationaltad] in AutoCAD.
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Layer Color Linetype Unellleight Plot Style
A: ADVANTAGES OF LAYERS- Easy selecting- Selective printing- Control of regeneration- Easy editing
loyer Nome = 'flailsColor ::: CyanUnelype .. Conlinuous
II
III
L- ~-- -1
Loyer Nome >= 0Color = Whileline type • Conlinuou(OE.FAUlT LAYER)
loyer NOme = ~ol
Color ,.. MogenlaLinelype ". Phonlom
layer Nome = PlantsColor = Greenlillelype = Conlinuous
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Lesson VIIILayering 86
~ LOCK
B: CAPABIiLITIES OF LAYERSQ OFF Objects in layer rurned-OFF are invisible onscreen or in plotting, but included in
REGENeration. Use ON to restore visiblity.
o FREEZE - Same effect using OFF, does not display, plot, or regenerale objects on frozenlayers but it will speed up ZOOM, PAN, and other display commands; improveobject selection performance; and reduce regeneration time for complex drawings.Use THAW to restore frozen layers.
You cannot edit the objects on a locked layer; however, they are still visible if thelayer is on and thawed. You can make a locked layer current and you can addobjects to it . Use UNLOCK to restore
~ Plot / No Plot - Prevents theselected layers from being plotted. It can beuseful to tum off plotting for a layer that contains reference information.
You can view the reference information while you work.
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all layers are ON some layers lurnedOFF/FREEZE
aI/layers are OFF/FREEZEexcept walls
fig. IX· J. Conlrolling objecls
C: COLOR METHOD
- BYBLOCK
- BYLAYER
objects inherit the color ofdestination layer or can change the color oftheblock through PROPERTIES palette or toolbarobjects inherit color ofdestination layer.
D: UNETYPE METHOD- BYBLOCK - objects inherit the linetype ofdestination layer or assigns Iinetype to objects
using PROPERTIES palette or toolbar- BYLAYER - objects inherit linetype ofdestination layer.
E: LINEWEIGHTSAdd width to your objects. All objects can be displayed and plotted with lineweights exceptTrue Type® fonts, raster images, points, and solid fills (or 2D solids). AutoCAD provides anumber ofavailable lineweights, including DEFAULT, which is the default lineweight. Thedefault value ofDEFAULT is .01 inch or .25 mm. (This valu. is set by using the LWDEFAULTsystem variable or in the Lineweight Settings dialog box.)
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F: CREATING LAYERS
COIlUnand :LA Center)Layer Properties Manager dialog box will appear in your screen
1. In the Layer Properties Manager, choose New.A new layer is displayed in the list with the temporary name LAYERJ.
2. Enter a new name.Example: LOT
To create more than one layer, choose New again, enter the new layer name, and press ENTER.
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fig.1X-2. Showing Layer Properties Manager
To assign a color to a layer
3. In the Select Color dialog hox, select a color name or enter a color numher in the Colorhox.
To assign a linetype to a layer
4. In the Layer Properties Manager, select a layer and then click the linetype associatedwith that layer.
4. I. If you do not see the linetype that you want, choose Load to load a linetypefrom a file
In the Linetype Manager, you can load additional linetypes.4.2. Choose the linetype that you want and choose OK
To assign a Iineweight to a layer
5. In the Lineweight dialog box, select a lineweight from the list.
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Exer. # 2: Assigning current layer
I_ In the Property Toolbar, choose Layer Control2, In the Layer Control select a layer name
SEE special lesson 158about layer filters
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1! Lesson 1'//1
Layering
COMMAND TO SET THE LINETYPE SCALE FACTOR
89
1. PROPERTIES2. LTSCALE
(SEE PAGE43)Sets the globallinetype scale factor (cannot be equal to zero).
:~
Exer. # 3: Use LTSCALE to change the relative length of linetypes per drawing unit.
Command : LTSCALEEnter new linetype scale factor <1.0000>
LTSCALE = 1.00
LTSCALE = 0.50LTSCALE = 0.25
\lIATCHPROPCopies the properties from one object to one or more objects.
You can copy some or all properties of one object to one or more objects using MATCHPROP. Properties thal l:t1n be copiedinclude color. layer, linetype, linetype scale, lineweight, thickness. plot style, and in some cases. dimt::nsion. tex\. nnd hutch.The following Utble lists Ihe properties you can copy tor each AuloCAD object.
Object properties you can change with Match Properties
If· ·,'!Ooject ':Co)gr &, l::me- Line- . Thick' Text Oimen- Hatch Pldtlaye.r ' tyPe weight ness sian stYle
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Under Ob.le:. ":'p. 3elHt LineUnder PrOF ~,,\ It·S. .3ei~Ci LayerUnder Operelur. select Eyuais.Under Vall),- \ ':ie-iecl rJUnder How co Apply, select Inciude inNew Selection Set.Choose OK.
9 Change the propeny value in adialog box
10 Press esc (twice)
CHANGE or CHPROP commands may be use to modify layer properties
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Lesson 1'111LO.l'eril1g 92
THE MULTIPLE DOCUMENT ENVIRONMENTMultiple Document Environment allows the transfers of data, objects, properries. and custom objects.among drawings.
Use the Multiple Document Environment to:I. Drag and drop objects in the active drawings. The objects can be either copied 01' moved.
'L[: r'} You can open drawings by drupping them Fum Explorer into YOllr AlItneAD session.
2. Paint object properties such as color, layer, or linetype from one drawing to another.
3. Cut/copy and paste drawing objects from one drawing to another. This is more accurate thandrag and drop with the options ofspecifying a base Jloint or the original coordinates.
o Use Right click menu to access the CHt/COpy Clnd Paste options,
4. Switch between single drawing sessions without cancelling the current cOlllmand.
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LesscJ/I IXDimensiolling 93
DIMENSIONINGDimensioning is the process of adding measurement annotation to a drawing. AutoCAD provides many ways toformat dimensions. You can create dimensions for a wide variety ofobject shapes in many different orientations.You can create dimension styles to format dimensions in your drawing conform to industry or project standard.
fig.X-i. Show Dimension toolbar
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AutoCAD DIMENSION AND METHOD
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Linear !&t1jJ DIMLINEARMeasures a straight-line distance. Includes options to
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'II Creates a linear dim eosion with the dim ens ion lineAligned ~~}~ DIMALIGNED parallel to the extension line origin points.The dimension
creates a true-length measurem ent of the object.
Ordinate II DIMORDINATECreates a dimension showing a point's X or Yordinatemeasured from a given 'origin point.
IRadius ' u DIMRADIUS Measures the radius of circles and arcs.f1~' ~.
.,..DIMDJAIMETERDiameter Measures the diem eter of circles and arcs.
IIAngular ~ '" DiMANGULAR Meas ures angles., ,
Arc Length ·11 DIMARC Creates arc length dim ens ion.. .t~J'l,
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1 HORlZONTAL
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: pick lit lUll' point (C,)
2 VERTICAL
IHi COlllmand : DL[ (elller)
Specify first extension line origin or <select object>Specify second extension line originSpecify dimension line location or [MtextlTextfAng[e]Dimens ion text = 3.000
: INT o((A): INTo((D): pick II! lUll' poill! (C,)
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Specify first extension line origin or<se[ect object>Specify second extension line originSpecify dimension line location or [MtextlTextJAngle]Dimension text = 4.2426
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Exer. # 3: Others
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: piele at anI' poillt
Command : DAN (enter)
Select are, circle, line, or <specify vertex> : pick lille (E)
Select second line : pick Jille (F)
Specify dimension arc line location or [MtextfTextfAngle]Dimension text = 90
ANGULAR
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Dimensioning 96
Exer. # 4: Using Leader at command prompt I.,,, MARINE PLYWOODON 2"x2" WOOD NAILERS
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{jf-"~' Use QLEADER 10 quickly create leaders and leader annotations. You can us~ the Leader Settings diulog. bo;.; locustomize the command so that it prompts yOll for tht.: number of leader points And the annotation typ~ suited 10your drawing needs.
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YOLI can Lise QLEADER to .'"I. Specify leader annotation and annotation format2. Set the location where leaders attach to multiline teX! annotation3. Limit the number ofleader points4. Constrain the angle of the first and second leader segments
AutoGADW~b se: htljl:JI_'I'l,Iria~dd.com
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