automatic washer study course
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All rights r eserved. No portion of th is book ma y be repr oduced in any form with out
written permission from WHIRLPOOL CORPORATION.
1989, 1994, 1998 WHIRLPOOL CORPORATION
WHIRLP OOL CORPORATION does not a ssu me an y responsibilityor a ny liability in conn ection with t he u se of th is ma nu al.
The trademar ks WHIRLPOOL , , , andFSP ar e registeredtr adem ar ks of Whirlpool Corpora tion.
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INTRODUCTION
The mat erial presented in th is module is inten ded to provide you with a n un dersta nding of the
fundam enta ls of automat ic wash er servicing.
Major a ppliances have become more sophisticated, tak ing th em out of the screwdriver an d pliers
category. Their electrical circuits include several different types of automatic controls, switches,
heaters, valves, etc.. Semiconductors, solid-state controls, and other components usually
associated with radio and television electronic circuits are being engineered into automatic
washers, dryers, dishwashers, and refrigerators.
The appliance technician is emerging into a professional status of his own. He must prepare
himself now to be able to perform his dut ies today as well as to reta in his pr ofessiona lism in th e
future.
No longer is on-the-job training sufficient to prepare technicians for the complicated procedures
required for t odays sophisticated applian ces. This tr aining can best be obtained th rough organized
classroom study and application. However, much of the knowledge necessary to service todays
appliances can be obtained through study courses. Completion of this and other courses will
provide you with su fficient un dersta nding of applian ces a nd t heir operat ion t o enable you to do
minor service. It will also serve as a va luable stepping stone to more advan ced stu dy and on-th e-
job tra ining t o impr ove your servicing skills.
Informa tion cont ained in th is module is used on WHIRLP OOL appliances.
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CHAP TER 1 ......................................................................................... 3WATER SYSTE M
*TEST ........................................................ Se e Te s t Book LIT787774
*N O T E: We recom m end t a k i n g t h e T ES T for MOD U LE 2, r i g h t
a fter s tud ying i t .
PAGE
TABLE of CONTENTS
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CHAPTER 1
WATER SYSTEM
(for B elt Drive Auto ma tic Wash ers)
WATER LEVEL
SWITCH
WATER INLET
HOT and COLD
INLET MIXING
VALVE
WATER PUMP
SELF-CLEAN
FILTER
AIR DOME
RINSE and BLEACH
DISPENSER
SIDE CHECK
VALVE
PUMP GUARD
(SOME PARTS MAY NOT BE USED ON ALL MODELS)
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WATER SYSTEM
(for D irect Drive Auto ma tic Wash ers)
WATER LEVEL
SWITCHRINSE and BLEACH
DISPENSER
HOT and COLD
INLET MIXING
VALVE
WATER INLET
AIR DOME
FILTER
WATER PUMP
(SOME PARTS MAY NOT BE USED ON ALL MODELS)
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WATER F LOW
(Belt Drive Models)
Water systems conta in valves, pumps, filters a nd h oses. Their function is t o fill the t ub with water, filter th e
water, send water t o storage tubs, only to recall the water later, then to drain t he wat er from th e aut omatic
washer.
SELF-CLEANING FILTER WATER FLOWRING F ILTER
(Non-Su ds Sav er Mode ls)
MANUAL CLEAN FILTER WATER FLOW
(Non-Su ds Sav er Mode ls)
FILTERING PUMP-OUT
FILTERING P UMP -OUT
VIEWED FROM S IDE OF WASHER
MANUALFILTER
WATERFLOW
TODRAIN
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTHREE-PORT
MANUALFILTER
WATERFLOW
TODRAIN
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTHREE-PORT
AGITATORPUMPING
VANES
WATERFLOW
TO DRAINRING FILTER
RING FILTER TO DRAIN
WATERFLOW
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SELF-CLEANING FILTER WATER FLOW
TUB MOUN TED F ILTER
(Non-Su ds Sav er Mode ls)
FILTERING P UMP -OUT
SELF-CLEANING FILTER WATER FLOW
FILTERING P UMP -OUT
VIEWED FROM S IDE OF WASHER
TUB MOUNTEDFILTER
TODRAIN
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
TUB MOUNTEDFILTER
TODRAIN
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
TODRAIN
SIDECHECK VALVE
WATERFLOW
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
SIDECHECK VALVE
WATERFLOW
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
FILTERFILTER
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SELF-CLEANING FILTER WATER FLOW
TUB MOUN TED F ILTER
(Suds Sav er Mode ls)
FILTERING TO SUDS WATER STORAGE TUBS
PUMP-OUTFROM SUD S WATER STORAGE TUBS
TUB MOUNTEDFILTER TO
DRAIN
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
TWO-WAYVALVE
FROM SUDSSTORAGE
TUB MOUNTEDFILTER TO
DRAIN
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
TWO-WAYVALVE
TO SUDSSTORAGE
TUB MOUNTEDFILTER TO
DRAIN
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
TWO-WAYVALVE
TO SUDSSTORAGE
TUB MOUNTEDFILTER TO
DRAIN
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
TWO-WAYVALVE
TO SUDSSTORAGE
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MANUAL CLEAN FILTER WATER FLOW
(Suds Sav er Mode ls)
FILTERING
PUMP-OUT
VIEWED FROM BACK OF WASHER
FROM SUD S WATER STORAGE TUBS
TO SUDS WATER STORAGE TUBS
MANUAL FILTER
PUMPFOUR-PORT
MANIFOLDTRAPTWO-WAY
VALVE
WATERFLOW
TO SUDSSTORAGE
MANUAL FILTER
PUMPFOUR-PORT
MANIFOLDTRAPTWO-WAY
VALVE
WATERFLOW
MANUAL FILTER
PUMPFOUR-PORT
MANIFOLDTRAPTWO-WAY
VALVE
WATER FLOWFROM
STORAGE TUBS
MANUAL FILTER
PUMPFOUR-PORT
MANIFOLDTRAPTWO-WAY
VALVE
WATERFLOW
TO DRAIN
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SELF-CLEANING FILTER WATER FLOW
(Suds Sav er Mode ls)
FILTERING
PUMP-OUT
VIEWED FROM S IDE OF WASHER
FROM SUD S WATER STORAGE TUBS
TO SUDS WATER STORAGE TUBS
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
TWO-WAYVALVE
FILTER
SIDE CHECKVALVE
WATERFLOW
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
TWO-WAYVALVE
FILTER
SIDE CHECKVALVE
WATER FLOWFROM SUDSSTORAGE
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
TWO-WAYVALVE
FILTER
SIDE CHECKVALVE
WATERFLOW
TODRAIN
MANIFOLDTRAP
PUMPTWO-PORT
TWO-WAYVALVE
SIDE CHECKVALVE
WATERFLOW
TO SUDSSTORAGE
FILTER
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FILTERS
Ther e ar e two basic types of filters ; the self-clean ingand m anu al clean. During both t he wash a nd rinse
period, water is drawn from the t ub by the pum p or
circulated by the agitator through the filter where
lint is rem oved. The ma nu ally cleaned filter will ha ve
many fingers, or bristles, through which the water
must pass before it enters t he tu b. This acts as a maze
and removes the lint particles. The lint remains in
the filter until such time as it is taken out by the
consu mer a nd clean ed.
For the self-cleaning filter, the same basic water
circulation takes place as with t he ma nu ally cleaned
filter. The lint is collected by various methods. Thisfilter is cleaned during the pump-out period of the
cycle. Cleaning is accomplished by reversing the
water flow through the filter, which flushes the
filter, and car ries the lint out with th e water.
AIR DOME
A plastic air dome on th e side of th e tu b is connected
to the wa ter level pressure switch by a clear plas tic
cont rol hose.
Wat er ent ering the t ub flows into the a ir dome. This
action forces air tha t is already in th e hose upward,
tripping the pressure switch.
NOTE: On all automat ics using a plast ic tub, the air
dome is not serviceable. These a ir domes ar e molded
to the tub.
To rem ove th e dome, first rem ove th e fill cont rol hose.Then depress the dome towards the tub a nd tu rn it
coun te rclockwis e from th e 12 oclock t o th e 9 oclock
position. This will release th e dome an d its sea ling
gasket.
NOTE: When replacing th e new sealing gasket, the
rubber protru sions m ust face th e air dome body for a
proper seal.
PLASTIC MANUAL
FILTER
SELF-CLEAN
TUB MOUNT
FILTER
SELF-CLEAN
RING FILTER BRUSH MANUAL
FILTER
SELF-CLEAN
FILTER
SELF-CLEAN
MANIFOLD
FILTER
FILL CONTROL
HOSE
AIR DOME
PROTRUSIONS
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PU MP GUARD
Atta ched between t he tu b outlet hose and th e pump
is a manifold and trap or pump guard. This pump
guard may be removed to clean any foreign objects
which may be trap ped in it.
The baffle molded in the center reduces the s ucking
noise made by the pu mp du ring operation. The bleed
hole in t he ba ffle can become clogged with lint. Th is
can cause a n a ir locking condition of the pu mp a nd
result in an incomplete pump-out. The obstruction
can be removed thr ough the top of th e pump gua rd.
SID E CHE CK VALVE
The side check valve has two flapper valves within
the body. The lower valve part prevents the waterfrom entering the side of the tub during pump-out.
The other valve part prevents t he pu mp noise from
being transmitted through the drain hose during
recirculation.
WATER INLET
A rubber molded hose is used to carry th e water from
the mixing valve to the water inlet funnel, vacuum
break or nozzle. This nozzle provides an air gap or
vacuum break to prevent th e wash wa ter from being
siphoned back into the wa ter supply.
FLAPPER
VALVES
DRAIN RECIRCULATE
TUB OUTLET HOSE
PUMP
PUMP GUARD
TUB OUTLET HOSE
CLAMP
CLAMP
HOSE
TO PUMP
PUMP GUARD
7/64" BLEED HOLE
IN BAFFLE
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BLEACH/RINSE or F ABRIC
CONDITIONER D ISPEN SER
The electric rinse/bleach or fabric dispensers are
located at th e left front corn er of the machine u nder
the lid an d ar e single load t ype dispensers.
When r inse conditioner or bleach is to be used, pour
the measured amount of liquid from a cup into the
proper dispenser at t he time when cloth es are being
added t o the m achine. The dispensers ar e electrically
controlled to add the liquid through the recirculat-
ing water system into the wash load at the proper
time du ring th e ma chine cycle.
CAUTION: Use only liquid bleach in the bleach
dispenser. Dilut e rinse cond itioner before pourin g int o
rinse conditioner dispenser.
A reservoir for h olding t he liquids is d ivided into twocavities. Each of the dispensers is operated by an
independent solenoid which raises a plunger type
plug, releasing liquid into th e recirculatin g system.
Bleach is dispensed two increments (or 4 minutes)
before the end of the wash period. Then the rinse
conditioner is dispensed dur ing th e deep r inse fill.
Identification of the bleach dispenser hose for all
electric bleach dispensers is shown above. Note the
inch raised protru sions on th e top and bottom of the
hose. These protrusions must be placed at the top
and bottom.
If the protru sions a re in th is position t he slot in the
hose will be perpendicular to th e tu b. This procedure
will eliminate any possibility of water being forced
back up th e hose an d overflowing th e dispenser.
The non-electric bleach dispenser bezel has been
designed so th at while adding bleach, splash ing will
not occur an d cause dam age to clothes in th e basket.
PROTRUSIONS
PROTRUSIONS
VERTICAL
HORIZONTAL
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PUMP
(Direct Drive)
This type of water pump is a non-repairable throw
away pump. It is designed with a ceramic seal for
long life and a self-cleaning straight vained flexible
ru bber impeller. When t he wash er is in a gita tion the
pump impeller is turning to the left (counterclock-
wise). With th e impeller tu rn ing coun terclockwise th e
water is forced back into th e tu b.
During spin a nd pu mp-out the motor r everses, whichturns the pump impeller to the right (clockwise),
which forces the wat er to dra in.
INLE T MIXING VALVE
There a re t wo basic types of water inlet valves used
on a ut oma tic wash ers. There ar e the single solenoid
type shut-off valves and the double solenoid type
mixing valves.
The ma in valve bodies are mad e of nylon an d come
equipped with plastic sealed solenoids.
The valve body has standa rd garden hose threaded
inlets and a 1/2 inch non-threaded outlet . Monel
screens are inserted in the inlets to prevent rust
particles and other foreign matter often found in
water, from en tering t he valve.
Wat er flow th rough t he va lves (both h ot an d cold) is
controlled by individual ru bber diaph ra gms. A spring-
loaded armature, inserted in a solenoid guide, is
secur ed over ea ch dia phr agm on t he valve body by amounting bracket and screws. A solenoid coil is
mount ed over each gu ide, which wh en ener gized pulls
the arm atur e away from the diaphragm, permitting
water to flow into th e ma chine.
Single Solenoid Type
The single inlet valve is mainly a shut-off valve for
controlling water entering the machine. It requires
only one inlet hose which is generally att ached to a
Y hose. Th e Y hose conn ects t o both Hot an d Cold
fau cets wh ich will allow an adjust ment of th e water
temperatur e entering the machine.
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Double Solenoid Type
Wat er inlet valves equipped with t wo inlets ar e called
mixing valves because they actually mix the coldwater with th e hot water.
When a War m wash or r inse selection is ma de, this
valve gives 50% hot wat er a nd 50% cold wat er.
Often a pu mp problem is du e to a foreign object t ha t
gets into the pu mp or its flapper valve and causes it
to stick or bind. With minor disassembly, the object
can be removed and the pump repaired.
If the bear ings ha ve seized, its genera lly ad visable
to replace the complete pump, since the cost of the
labor involved in repla cing bear ings can app roach th e
cost of a new pum p.
Always car efully judge th e cost of th e par t a nd labor
involved in t he r epair versu s t he cost of a complete
new pump before proceeding with field repairs. In
most ins ta nces it is economically advisa ble to replace
the entire pump.
Whenever servicing any pump, always refer to the
service ma nu al for t he corr ect r epair pr ocedur es.
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