awareness level lesson 2a presentation

Awareness Level Lesson 2A Presentation

Hazardous Materials for First Responders, 3rd Ed.

Awareness Level2A–2

Are Hazardous Materials Present?

• What clues may indicate the presence of hazardous materials?

• What information do container shapes, placards, labels, and other markings give first responders?

This lesson will help answer these questions and aid you in identifying the presence of hazardous materials.


Primary Clues Indicating Hazardous Materials

• Occupancy types, locations, and pre-incident surveys

• Container shapes

• Transportation placards, labels, and markings

• Other markings and colors (nontransportation)

• Written resources

• Senses

• Monitoring and detection devices


Purposes of Pre-Incident Surveys

• Reduce the number of on-site decisions

• Reduce oversights

• Reduce confusion

• Reduce duplication of efforts

(1 of 2)


Purposes of Pre-Incident Surveys

• Identify the following items:– Exposures to people, property, environment– Types, quantities, and locations of hazardous

materials – Dangers of the hazardous materials– Building features– Site characteristics– Possible access/egress difficulties– Inherent limitations of the responding

organizations (2 of 2)


Provisions Included in a LERP

• Identifications– Reporting facilities– High-risk facilities– Likely routes for EHS transport

• Methods/procedures to be followed in the event of any release of an extremely hazardous substance (EHS)

(1 of 3)



• Designation of a community emergency coordinator and facility emergency coordinators

• Procedures to be used by coordinators in notifying:– Public– Persons designated in the emergency plan

• Methods for determining the occurrence of a release and the area or population likely to be affected by such release

(2 of 3)



• Description of emergency equipment and facilities in the community

• Evacuation plans

• Training programs

• Methods and schedules for exercising the emergency plans

(3 of 3)


Commercial Occupancies Containing Hazardous Materials

• Fuel storage facilities

• Gas/service stations and convenience stores

• Paint supply stores

• Plant nurseries, garden centers, and agricultural facilities

• Pest control and lawn care companies

• Medical facilities

• Photo processing laboratories

• Dry cleaners

• Plastics and high-technology factories

(1 of 2)


Commercial Occupancies Containing Hazardous Materials

• Mercantile concerns

• Chemistry laboratories

• Lumberyards

• Feed/farm stores

• Veterinary clinics

• Print shops

• Warehouses

• Industrial and utility plants

• Port shipping facilities

• Treatment storage disposal facilities

(2 of 2)


Hazardous Materials Foundat Private Occupancies

• Drain cleaners

• Pesticides

• Fertilizers

• Paint products

• Flammable liquids

• Propane tanks


Locations Likely to Have Hazardous Materials Incidents

• Schools

• Private property

• Material transfer sites

• Locations involving modes of transportation– Roadways– Railways– Waterways– Airways– Pipelines


Bulk Packaging

• Refers to a packaging, other than that on a vessel or barge, in which materials are loaded with no intermediate form of containment

• Meets one of the following criteria:– Maximum capacity is greater than 119 gallons

(450 L) as a receptacle for a liquid– Maximum net mass is greater that 882 pounds

(400 kg) or maximum capacity is greater than 119 gallons (450 L) as a receptacle for a solid

– Water capacity is 1,001 pounds (454 kg) or greater as a receptacle for a gas


Nonbulk Packaging

• Is smaller than minimum criteria established for bulk packaging

• Composite packages and combination packages may also be classified as nonbulk packaging


Atmospheric/Nonpressure Containers

• Horizontal tank

• Cone roof tank

• Open top floating roof tank

• Covered top floating roof tank

• Covered top floating roof tank with geodesic dome

• Lifter roof tank

• Vapordome roof tank

• Atmospheric underground storage tank


Horizontal Tank


Cone Roof Tank


Open Top Floating Roof Tank


Covered Top Floating Roof Tank


Covered Top Floating Roof Tank with Geodesic Dome


Lifter Roof Tank


Vapordome Roof Tank


Atmospheric Underground Storage Tank


Low-Pressure Storage Tanks and Pressure Vessels

• Dome roof tank

• Spheroid tank

• Noded spheroid tank

• Horizontal pressure vessel

• Spherical pressure vessel

• Cryogenic-liquid storage tank


Dome Roof Tank


Spheroid Tank


Noded Spheroid Tank


Horizontal Pressure Vessel


Spherical Pressure Vessel


Cryogenic-Liquid Storage Tank


Rail Tank Cars

• Nonpressure tank car

• Pressure tank car

• Cryogenic liquid tank car

• Pneumatically unloaded hopper car

• High-pressure tube car


Nonpressure Tank Car


Pressure Tank Car


Cryogenic Liquid Tank Car


Pneumatically Unloaded Hopper Car


High-Pressure Tube Car


Cargo Tank Trucks

• Nonpressure liquid tank

• Low-pressure chemical tank

• Corrosive liquid tank

• High-pressure tank

• Cryogenic liquid tank

• Compressed-gas/tube trailer

• Dry bulk cargo tanker


Nonpressure Liquid Tank


Low-Pressure Chemical Tank


Corrosive Liquid Tank


High-Pressure Tank


Cryogenic Liquid Tank


Compressed-Gas/Tube Trailer


Dry Bulk Cargo Tank


UN/DOT Hazard Classes

• Class 1: Explosives

• Class 2: Gases

• Class 3: Flammable and combustible liquids

• Class 4: Flammable solids, spontaneously combustible materials, and dangerous-when-wet materials

• Class 5: Oxidizers and organic peroxides

(1 of 2)


UN/DOT Hazard Classes

• Class 6: Poison (toxic) and poison inhalation hazard

• Class 7: Radioactive materials

• Class 8: Corrosive materials

• Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous goods

(2 of 2)


UN Commodity Identification Numbers

• A four-digit number assigned to each hazardous material listed in the current ERG– Often displayed on placards, labels, orange

panels, and/or white diamonds– May be preceded by the letters NA or UN– Also appears on shipping papers

• Assists first responders in identifying the material and referencing it in the ERG

(1 of 4)



• Display methods for UN commodity identification numbers– In a white rectangle inside a placard between the

placard symbol and hazard class– In an orange rectangle beneath the placard– On a plain white square-on-point display

configuration having the same outside dimensions as a placard

(2 of 4)



(3 of 4)



• Must be displayed on the following containers/packages:– Rail tank cars– Cargo tank trucks– Portable tanks– Bulk packages– Vehicle containers containing large quantities of

hazardous materials– Certain nonbulk packages

(4 of 4)


Parts of a DOT Placard

Background Color

Hazard Symbol

Diamond shaped

Hazard Class Number

4-Digit ID Number or Hazard Class Designation


Containers on Which DOT Placards May Be Found

• Bulk packages

• Rail tank cars

• Cargo tank vehicles

• Portable tanks

• Unit load devices over 640 cubic feet (18 m3) in capacity containing hazardous materials

• Certain nonbulk containers


DOT Placard Color Codes

Explosive Oxidizer Flammable

Health Hazard Water Reacative Nonflammable Gas


DOT Symbols

Explosive Oxidizer Radioactive Flammable

Poison Corrosive Nonflammable Gas


DOT Hazard Class 1: Explosives

• Division 1.1 — Explosives with a mass explosion hazard

• Division 1.2 — Explosives with a projection hazard

(1 of 3)



• Division 1.3 — Explosives with predominantly a fire hazard

• Division 1.4 — Explosives with a minor explosion hazard

(2 of 3)



• Division 1.5 — Substances that have a mass explosion hazard but are very insensitive

• Division 1.6 — Extremely insensitive detonating articles

(3 of 3)


DOT Hazard Class 2: Gases

• Division 2.1 — Flammable gases

• Division 2.2 — Nonflammable, nonpoisonous compressed gases

(1 of 2)


DOT Hazard Class 2: Gases

• Division 2.3 — Gases toxic byinhalation

• Oxygen placard — May be seen on containers with compressed gas or refrigerated liquid

(2 of 2)


DOT Hazard Class 3: Flammable and Combustible Liquids

• Flammable placard

• Gasoline placard

(1 of 2)


DOT Hazard Class 3: Flammable and Combustible Liquids

• Combustible placard

• Fuel oil placard

(2 of 2)


DOT Hazard Class 4: Flammable Solids, Spontaneously Combustible Materials, and

Dangerous-When-Wet Materials

• Division 4.1 — Flammable solids

• Division 4.2 — Spontaneously combustible materials

• Division 4.3 — Dangerous-when-wet materials


DOT Hazard Class 5: Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

• Division 5.1 — Oxidizers

• Division 5.2 — Organic peroxides


DOT Hazard Class 6: Poison (Toxic) and Poison Inhalation Hazard

• Division 6.1 — Poisonous material

• Division 6.2 — Infectious substances

• Packing Group III

(1 of 2)

(See labels)


DOT Hazard Class 6: Poison (Toxic) and Poison Inhalation Hazard

• Inhalation Hazard Placard

• Harmful Placard

(2 of 2)


DOT Hazard Class 7: Radioactive Materials

• Radioactive materials


DOT Hazard Class 8: Corrosive Materials

• Corrosive materials


DOT Hazard Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods

• Miscellaneous placard

• Dangerous placard


Primary Hazard Characteristics of DOT Hazard Class Materials

• Class 1: Explosives– Thermal– Mechanical

• Class 2: Gases– Thermal– Asphyxiation– Chemical– Mechanical

(1 of 5)



• Class 3: Flammable and combustible liquids– Thermal– Asphyxiation– Chemical– Mechanical

(2 of 5)



• Class 4: Flammable solids, spontaneously combustible materials, and dangerous-when-wet materials– Thermal– Chemical– Mechanical

• Class 5: Oxidizers and organic peroxides– Thermal– Mechanical

(3 of 5)



• Class 6: Poison (toxic) and poison inhalation hazard– Chemical– Thermal

• Class 7: Radioactive materials — Radiological hazards, including burns and biological effects

(4 of 5)



• Class 8: Corrosive materials– Chemical– Thermal

• Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous goods– Thermal– Chemical

(5 of 5)


Characteristics of DOT Labels

• Provide same information as vehicle placards

• Are posted on packages

• Are 3.9-inch (100 mm), square-on-point diamonds, that (with the exception of Class 7 labels) may or may not have written text

• Require subsidiary risk labels for materials that meet the definition of more than one hazard class


Unique DOT Labels

• Explosive subsidiary risk

• Flammable liquid

(1 of 6)


Unique DOT Labels

• Infectious substances

• Biohazard

(2 of 6)


Unique DOT Labels

• Etiological agents

(3 of 6)


Unique DOT Labels

• Radioactive I

• Radioactive II

• Radioactive III

(4 of 6)


Unique DOT Labels

• Fissile

• Empty

(5 of 6)


Unique DOT Labels

• Magnetized material

• Danger (cargo aircraft only)

(6 of 6)


DOT Chart 12 Markings

• Hot

• Marine pollutant

(1 of 4)



• Inhalation hazard

• Fumigant

(2 of 4)



• Orientation

• ORM-D

(3 of 4)



• ORM-D-Air

• Inner packaging

(4 of 4)


Other Markings and Colors Indicating Hazardous Materials

• Other markings, markings systems, labels, labeling systems, colors, color-codes, and signs may indicate the presence of hazardous materials– May be as simple as a stenciled word– May be site-specific


Specialized Systems for Hazardous Materials

• NFPA 704

• Common hazardous communications labels

• International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

• Globally harmonized system

• Military markings

• Pipeline identifications

(1 of 2)


Specialized Systems for Hazardous Materials

• Piping systems

• American Petroleum Institute (API) markings

• Pesticide labels

• Color codes

(2 of 2)


NFPA 704

(1 of 8)

Health

Flammability

Instability


NFPA 704

• Provides a method for indicating the presence of hazardous materials at:– Commercial facilities– Manufacturing facilities– Institutional facilities– Other fixed-storage facilities

(2 of 8)


NFPA 704

• Not designed for the following situations:– Transportation– General public use– Nonemergency occupational exposures– Explosive and blasting agents– Chronic health hazards– Etiologic agents, and other similar hazards

(3 of 8)


NFPA 704

• Benefits of NFPA 704– Provides an appropriate signal to first responders

that hazardous materials are present– Identifies the general hazards and degree of

severity for health, flammability, and instability– Provides immediate information necessary to

protect lives of the public and emergency response personnel

(4 of 8)


NFPA 704

• Health — Blue– 4 — Severe hazard– 3 — Serious hazard– 2 — Moderate hazard– 1 — Slight hazard– 0 — Minimal hazard

(5 of 8)


NFPA 704

• Flammability — Red– 4 — Flammable gases, volatile liquids, pyrophoric

materials– 3 — Ignites at ambient temperatures– 2 — Ignites when moderately heated– 1 — Must be preheated to burn– 0 — Will not burn

(6 of 8)


NFPA 704

• Instability — Yellow– 4 — Capable of detonation or explosive

decomposition at ambient conditions– 3 — Capable of detonation or explosive

decomposition with strong initiating source– 2 — Violent chemical change possible at elevated

temperature and pressure– 1 — Normally stable, but becomes unstable if

heated– 0 — Normally stable (7 of 8)


NFPA 704

• Special hazards– Located at 6 o’clock– Have no special background although white is

most often used– May contain one of two special symbols

– W — Unusual reactivity with water– OX — Oxidizer

(8 of 8)


Hazard Communications Labels and Markings

• A variety of labeling systems are used to comply with the requirements of the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (HCS)– Many resemble NFPA 704– Communicate hazards under normal conditions– May have differences in ratings– Usually provided on vertically stacked bars


Manufacturer’s Labels and Signal Words

• Must be used by chemical manufacturers and importers

• Must include one of four signal words if for consumer use:– CAUTION — Minor health effects– WARNING — Moderate hazards– DANGER — Highest degree of hazard– POISON — Highly toxic (pesticides)

(1 of 2)


Manufacturer’s Labels and Signal Words

• Must include specific information:– Name and business address of the manufacturer,

packer, distributor, or seller– Name of each hazardous ingredient– Statement of the principal hazard – Precautionary statements– Instructions for first-aid treatment– Instructions for special handling or storage– Statement “Keep out of the reach of children.”

(2 of 2)


Hazard Communication Symbols

Biological Chemical Nuclear/ Radiological

Carcinogen/ Cancer


U.S. Military Fire Division Symbols

• Division 1: Mass explosion– May also be used for Division 5:

Mass Explosion — Very insensitiveexplosives

• Division 2: Explosion with fragment hazard– May also be used for Division 6:

Nonmass Explosion — Extremelyinsensitive ammunition

(1 of 2)


U.S. Military Fire Division Symbols

• Division 3: Mass fire

• Division 4: Moderate fire — No blast

(2 of 2)


U.S. Military Hazardous Chemical Markings

• Wear full protective clothing (Set One) — Indicates the presence of highly toxic chemical agents that may cause death or serious damage to body functions– Mnemonic: “Red You’re Dead”

• Wear full protective clothing (SetTwo) — Indicates the presence ofharassing agents– Mnemonic: “Yellow You’re Mellow” (1 of 3)



• Wear full protective clothing (Set Three) — Indicates the presence of white phosphorus and otherspontaneously combustible material– Mnemonic: “White is Bright”

• Wear Breathing Apparatus — Indicatesthe presence of incendiary and readilyflammable chemical agents that presentan intense heat hazard

(2 of 3)



• Apply No Water — Indicates adangerous reaction will occur if water is used in an attempt to extinguish the fire

(3 of 3)


U.S. Military SupplementalChemical Hazards Markings

• G-Type Nerve Agents

• VX Nerve Agents

• Incapacitating Nerve Agent

(1 of 2)


U.S. Military SupplementalChemical Hazards Markings

• H-type Mustard Agent/Blister Agent

• Lewisite Blister Agent

(2 of 2)


Pipeline Marker Information

• Signal words CAUTION, WARNING, or DANGER

• Information describing the transported commodity

• Name and emergency telephone number of the carrier


Pipeline Color Codes

• Yellow — High-hazard materials

• Green — Low-hazard liquids or liquid mixtures

• Blue — Low-hazard gases or gaseous mixtures

• Red — Fire-suppression materials


Pipe Markings

• Identify contents of the pipe

• Additional information if special hazards are concerns

• Arrows showing direction of flow within the pipe


U.S. and Canadian Safety Color Codes

• Red — Means Danger or Stop; is used on containers of flammable liquids, emergency stop bars, stop buttons, and fire-protection equipment

• Orange — Means Warning; is used on hazardous machinery with parts that can crush or cut or energized equipment

(1 of 3)



• Yellow — Means Caution; solid yellow, yellow and black stripes, or yellow and black checkers may be used to indicate physical hazards such as tripping hazards; also used on containers of corrosive or unstable materials

• Green — Marks safety equipment such as first-aid stations, safety showers, and exit routes

(2 of 3)



• Blue — Marks safety information signage such as labels or markings indicating the type of required personal protective equipment (PPE)

(3 of 3)


Summary

• Awareness-level first responders need to be able to identify the possible presence of hazardous materials at an incident. There are many clues that first responders need to be aware of and knowledgeable about.

• Awareness-level first responders should be familiar with transportation placards, labels, and markings as well as other clues such as container shapes and written resources.


Homework1. Which of the following is a purpose of a pre-incident survey?A. Legal protection B. Reduce number of personnel neededC. Identify cost of clean-up D. Identify possible access/egress difficulties 2. Which of the following should the LERP identify?A. Likely routes for bicycle and pedestrian traffic B. Likely routes for

commuter travelC. Likely routes for extremely hazardous substance transport D. Likely routes for livestock transport3. Which of the following refers to packaging, other than that on a

vessel or barge, in which materials are loaded with no intermediate form of containment?

A. Primary packaging B. Secondary packaging C. Bulk packaging D. Nonbulk packaging4. What materials are included in UN/DOT hazard Class 1?A. Explosives B. Gases C. Flammable liquids D. Corrosive substances


Homework

5. What materials are included in UN/DOT hazard Class 2?A. Explosives B. Gases C. Flammable liquids D. Corrosive

substances6. What is the four-digit number assigned to each hazardous

material listed in the current ERG?A. OSHA hazard identification number B. EPA substance

material numberC. UN commodity identification number D. Federal government

hazard control number7. What type of hazard does the DOT placard color blue

represent?A. Oxidizer B. Flammable C. Health hazard D. Water reactive8. What type of hazard does the DOT placard color white

represent?A. Oxidizer B. Flammable C. Health hazard D. Water reactive


Homework9. Which of the following substances is an example of

a UN/DOT Class 1 material?A. Dynamite B. Propane C. Gasoline D. Phosphorus10. Which of the following hazards is a primary hazard

associated with UN/DOT hazard Class 1?A. Asphyxiation B. Mechanical C. Radiological D.

Chemical11. Which DOT Chart 12 marking is used on elevated

temperature materials?A. Inner packaging B. ORM-D C. Hot marking D. Fumigant marking12. Which NFPA 704 color refers to health hazards?A. Blue B. Red C. Yellow D. White


Homework

13. Which NFPA 704 color refers to instability?A. Blue B. Red C. Yellow D. White14. Which word refers to minor health effects on

manufacturer’s labels that comply with the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard?

A. Caution B. Warning C. Danger D. Poison15. Which color represents high-hazard materials in

the U.S. pipeline color codes?A. Green B. Yellow C. Blue D. Red16. Which color marks safety equipment in the ANSI

Z535.1 color codes?A. Green B. Yellow C. Blue D. Red


Homework

17. Which color means Warning in the ANSI Z535.1 color codes?

A. Green B. Yellow C. Blue D. Orange18. Which number represents the highest hazard in the NFPA

704 system?A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 419. What is located in the 6 o’clock position on the NFPA 704

system?A. Instability hazards B. Health hazardsC. Special hazards D. Flammability hazards20. Which marking identifies an incapacitating nerve agent in

U.S. military supplemental chemical hazards markings?A. G-inside circle B. L-inside circleC. BZ-inside circle D. H-inside circle

Awareness Level Lesson 2A Presentation

Hazardous Materials for First Responders, 3rd Ed.

awareness level lesson 2a presentation

Documents

awareness levelprovisions

hazardous substance

awareness levelprimary

awareness level lesson

emergency plans3

emergency planmethods

following items

following criteria