b, c, g, xtl - what else? lurgi’s routes to transportation...

© Lurgi AG 2004

B, C, G, XtL - what else? Lurgi’s Routes to Transportation Fuels

Dr. Waldemar Liebner, Dr. Holger Schlichting / Lurgi AG

International Conference on IGCC & XtLFreiberg, 16-18th June, 2005

05/05/2005Lurgi_routes_presXtLFg.ppt2

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05ContentsContents

1. Lurgi’s experience in gasification

2. MegaMethanol® and methanol-based downstream technologies

3. Lurgi’s Experiences in Fischer-Tropschtechnologies

4. Lurgi’s MtSynfuels® Technology

5. Study: Coal-based MtSynfuels complex

6. Conclusion


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05Lurgi’s Gasification TechnologiesLurgi’s Gasification Technologies


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05Lurgi - References for Coal GasificationLurgi - References for Coal Gasification

4Lurgi FBDB gasifiers around the world

w 97 units, Mark IV / V, Sasol, South Africa

w 14 units, Mark IV, U.S.A.

w 24 units, Mark IV, SVZ, Germany

w 5 units, Mark IV, Tianjin, PR China

w 2 units, Mark IV, Yima, PR China

4Total 144 Gasifiers

producing more than 110 Mio Nm3/d Syngas


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05

Reference plant for Lurgi FBDB Coal GasificationReference plant for Lurgi FBDB Coal Gasification

Sasol SecundaSouth AfricaOctober 1980

80 Lurgi Fixed Bed Dry Bottom Gasifiers80 Lurgi Fixed Bed Dry Bottom Gasifiers


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05B, C, X to Liquids Routes

SuitableGasification

Fischer Tropsch

Synthesis

Mega-Methanol®

Upgrading

MTO

MegaDME

MTH

MtSynfuels®

Acrylic Acid

Fuel Gas

LPG

Naphtha

Diesel

Waxes

Ammonia

Fuel Cells

Chemicals (MTBE, Acetic Acid, Formaldehyde, ...)

Diesel, transport. fuels

Propylene/Polypropylene

Acrylic Acid/Acrylates

Ethylene/Propylene

Fuel/DME(Diesel)

Hydrogen

MTP®

BiomassCoalWaste

MTC

Megammonia®

B, C, X totransportation fuels


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05Lurgi‘s FT Experience I

nCommercialisation of ARGE-synthesis in 1952Ølocation: Sasolburg / South AfricaØstart up: 1955Øno. of reactors: 5 x 500 bpd

nAll original reactors still in operation todayextension of capacity in 1987 1 x 700 bpd

Modern FT Reactor Technology:Slurry phase reactor (by far preferred)

tubular reactorfluidised bed reactor

Lurgi has commercial experiencein all these reactor technologies


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05Lurgi‘s FT Experience II

Lurgi designed the syngas production unitsof all FT-plants currently in commercial operation

n Sasol/Secunda (coal gasification)n Mossgas (combined reforming of NG)n SMDS/Bintulu (partial oxidation of NG)

Today, Lurgi MegaSyn® is available for FT Syntheses as well as for MtSynfuels®, Lurgi’s route through methanol to transportation fuels.

Lurgi also is active again in the FT-field – as JV partner inthe company GTL.F1 which is developing/commercialising a modern FT-technology.


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05The Lurgi MegaMethanol Processcoal / biomass - basedThe Lurgi MegaMethanol Processcoal / biomass - based

Coal/BiomassGasification

COAL /Biomass

MethanolSynthesis

MethanolDistillation

PureMethanol

AirSeparation Air

Oxygen

Purge gasRecycle

POX / RawGas Shift

Syngas Purification


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05Lurgi‘s MtSynfuels RouteLurgi‘s MtSynfuels Route

maximum diesel case64,000 bpd total products

H2,70 t/d,from Methanol

synthesis

Hydrocarbon Recycle

Hydrocarbon Recycle

Olefin Production

Olefin Oligo-merisation

Gasoline877 t/d

LPG741 t/d

Kero/Diesel6,961 t/d

Waterrecycle

Methanol19,200 t/d

Productseparation

+ MD Hydrogenation

Process water, 10,115 t/d,can replace raw water


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05Typical GTL Synfuel Product Slates1)

B C D E F Lurgi Naphtha [wt.%] 30 14 15 20 20 Gasoline [wt.%] 11 (51) Kerojet [wt.%] 20 18 25 15 30 49 (29) Diesel [wt.%] 50 68 60 65 50 40 (20) Gasoline: Kero+Diesel 1:8 (1:1)* Naphtha: Kero+Diesel 1:2,3 1:5,4 1:5 1:4 1:4

1) Chem Systems, 2001 Lu = Lurgi MtSynfuels® added for comparison

* High diesel case versus (high gasoline case)


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05Comparison Lurgi MtSynfuels® - FT SynthesisComparison Lurgi MtSynfuels® - FT Synthesis

Product Slate and Properties

Product Slate Lurgi Route FT Synthesis

Naphtha : Diesel (max.) 1 : 7.9 1 : 2.3 – 1 : 6

Product Properties Lurgi Route FT Synthesis3)

Spec (Europe from 2005)Gasoline-Aromatics-Benzene-Sulphur-Olefins-RON 2)

-MON 2)

vol.%vol.%wppmvol.%

max.max.max.max.

351

50/10 1)

1891/95/98

82.5/85/88

11<< 1<< 1

69280

< 1<< 1< 1> 30< 40< 40

Diesel-Polyaromatics-Sulphur-Cetane No.

vol.%wppm

max.max.min.

1150/10 1)

51

<< 10

>52

< 10

> 70

1) Diesel with 10 wppm sulphur has to be available on the market2) RON / MON for Regular Gasoline / Euro-Super / Super-Plus3) Properties before naphtha upgrading


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05Comparative Economics1)

Cost of Production Estimate

GTL Technology MtSynfuels® modern FT

Total Capital Investment Specific Total Plant Capital

1.797 G€ 23,490 €/bpd

1.809 G€ 23,650 €/bpd

NG to process (LHV)1) NG to utilities (LHV) Cat. & Chemicals

5.18 €/bbl 1.06 €/bbl 2.63 €/bbl

6.25 €/bbl 0.3 €/bbl 2.3 €/bbl

Cost of Production + ROI 16% 28.2 €/bbl 28.1 €/bbl Cost of Production + ROI 25% 35.9 €/bbl 35.8 €/bbl Market Prices 2)

- Gasoline [€/bbl] - Diesel [€/bbl]

W. Europe 43.8 37.2

US Nymex 39.6 41.2

1) natural gas @ 0.54 €/MMBtu 2) corresponding crude oil price: about 42 $/bbl


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05Study: Coal-based MtSynfuels complexBasic Process Flow DiagramStudy: Coal-based MtSynfuels complexBasic Process Flow Diagram

Coal Gasification

CoalPreparation Partial

Oxidation

Gas Cooling

Raw Gas ShiftCon-

version

Gas Puri-fication

(Rectisol)

Coal7.7 Mt/a

Ash todisposal

Ash todisposal

SulphurRecovery

SulphurASU

MethanolSynthesis

&Distillation

OlefinSyn-

thesis

OlefinOligomeri-

sation

ProductSeparation &

MD Hydrogenation

O2 O2

O2

Kero/Diesel

Gasoline

Light Ends (LPG)

Final Products2.92 Mt/a

DME

step

Possible intermediate products: DME 4.6 Mt/a orMethanol 6.53 Mt/a


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05Study: Coal-based MtSynfuels complexEstimate for 64,000 bpd projectStudy: Coal-based MtSynfuels complexEstimate for 64,000 bpd project

Diesel+Kero yield max. min.

4 Production: Diesel, Mt/a 1.065 0.533Kerojet, Mt/a 1.302 0.774Gasoline, Mt/a 0.3 1.36Light Ends (LPG), Mt/a 0.25 0.25

4 Consumption: Coal ~ 7.7 Mt/a(m.a.f., excl. power production)

4 Investment: 2.5-3 G€ based on European conditions (rough estimate excl. power plant, incl. utilities and offsites)

4 Conclusion: Coal (Biomass) gasification-based projects are even more capital intensive than gas-based ones. They will be justified mostly on (geo-) strategic grounds like scarcity of other resources or CO2-”avoidance” in case of biomass


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05ConclusionConclusion

4Gas-based Synfuels projects are profitable at current gas and crude oil prices

4MtSynfuels is an attractive supplement to FT

4CtL projects are feasible under certain strategic conditions

4All necessary technologies are available

4“Profitability” may be improved by additional products – considering also DME and methanol astransportation fuels


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05 ThankThankYou!You!

!!!!

!!Questions?Questions?

Contact:

Dr. Waldemar LiebnerDirector GTC TechnologyLurgi AG

Dept. A-TM Phone x49 69 5808 3799Lurgiallee 5 Fax x49 69 5808 3115D-60295 Frankfurt am Main Mobile 0174 7469 313Germany e-mail [email protected]

b, c, g, xtl - what else? lurgi’s routes to transportation...

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