band 6 science chapter8
DESCRIPTION
SCTRANSCRIPT
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Support System
Name : Tan Chai Shiuan(29)
Chee Hui Fen(7)
Class :2A2
Band : Band 6
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Function Of Support System In Animals
• Support the body
• Give the body shape
• Protects some internal organs
• Allows movement made by muscle attached to it
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Support System
Invertabrates
exoskeleton
Hydrostatic skeleton
vertabrates
endoskeleton
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Endoskeleton
• Also known as the internal skeleton
• Located inside the body of all vertebrates includes human beings
• Made up of bones or cartilages
Exoskeleton
• Also called theexternal skeleton
• Hard outer skin or shell of invertebrates
• Made of cuticle or calcium carbonate
Hydrostatic skeleton
• Consists of a muscular wall which encloses a body cavity that is filled with fluid
• This body fluid pushes out and exerts pressure in all directions
• This body fluid pressure support and shape to the animal
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Support System In Land Vertabrates And Aquatic
Vertabrates
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Support System In Humans
• Made up by 206 bones
• Skeleton system serve to : a) support the body weight
b) protect internal organs
c) provide a surface for muscle attachment
d) maintain the form of the body
e) allow body movement
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• Several parts in human skeleton : a) Skull
-protect the brain and sensory organ
b) Backbone
-support the upper body
-protects the spinal cord
c) Ribs
-protects the heart and the lung
d) Pectoral gridle
-supports the head and the arms
e) Pelvis gridle
-protects the internal organ and the bladder
f) Limb bones
-allow movement of the hand and legs
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Support System In Land Vertabrates
• Aniamls such as the elephants , rhinoceros and horses have strong and large limb gridles to support their body weight and to help them move
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• The backbone of some animals such as the camel may bend upwanrds or downwards to proveide stronger support to the muscle s to attached to it
• Deer and antelopes have hollow leg bones that are lighter and stronger than solid bones
• Hollow bones are also important to birds as birds need to have a light body to fly
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Support System In Aquatic Vertabrates
• Smaller and lighter endoskeleton than land vertebrates.
• Pectoral and pelvic support that is smaller and lighter.
• Most of body weight is supported by buoyancy of the water.
• The buoyancy of the water allows the size of the aquatic vertebrate animals to be bigger that land vertebrate animals.
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Similiarities of Land Vertabrates and Aquatic Vertabrates
• Have endoskeleton
• Have pectoral & pelvic girdles
• Have flexible bones
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Difference
Suppport
Structure of bones
Size of limb gridles
Skeleton System Buoyancy in water
Big and Strong
Large
Small and weak
Small
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Support System In Land And Aquatic
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Exoskleton Of Invertabrates
• Insects such as beetles have exoskeleton made of chitin
• Chitin is a hard and waterproof substance
• Some animals undergo moulting . As the body of the insect grows ,its hard exoskeleton must be changed and replaced by a bigger one
• Snail do not have undergo moulting ,they have an exoskeleton that we call shell
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Hydrostatic Skeleton Of Invertabrates
• Animals such as earthworms ,leeches and starfish do not have a single bone in their bodies
• Instead they support themselves by pressure from the inside
• The body fluid presses against the skin or muscle like air in a tyre ,this create a hydrostatic skeleton
Muscle
Intestine
Fluid
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Similiarities Of Land Invertabrates And Aquatic Invertabrates
• Both are supported by either
exoskeleton or hydrostatic skeleton
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Difference
Land Invertabrates
Aquatic Invertabrates
Support
Substance making up exoskeleto
n
Soft bodies with external shells
Chitin
Buoyancy in water
Calcium carbonate
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