Bandwidth Management Framework

forIP based Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Khalid Iqbal (41152190)Supervisor: Dr. Rajan Shankaran

ITEC810

June 05, 2009

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Problem Statement

“Incorporating scalable bandwidth management scheme in an IP

based mobile ad hoc network environment”

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Agenda IP based Mobile Ad Hoc Network MANET Applications Quality of Service (QoS) MANET Routing Protocols QoS Models Existing QoS models in MANET

environment QoS models designed for MANETs Ad Hoc Extensions for ASAP

IP based Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET)

Collection of wireless nodes Connected through wireless links Free to move, Self-configuring No pre-existing infrastructure Dynamic topology Distributed operations

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IP based Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET)

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MANET Applications

Military battlefieldCommercial Level

Disaster relief efforts (flood, earthquake)

Local Level Class room network Home network

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Quality of Service (QoS) Capability of a network to provide better services

to selected network traffic. Need for QoS in MANETs:

Bandwidth management Resource management Application requirements

Applications QoS Requirements

Email, File Transfer Very tolerant of delay: low

Real Audio Very sensitive to delay: High

Streaming Video Very sensitive to delay: High

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MANET Routing Protocols Proactive or Table-driven protocols

Maintain routing information Waste of bandwidth Immediate availability of routing information

Reactive or On-demand protocols No routing table Path calculation before transmission Less overhead, slower

Hybrid protocols Combination of both Zone organization Within zone proactive scheme Outside reactive scheme

QoS Models

Integrated Services (IntServ) Management and packet scheduling on a

per flow basis Difficult and costly for the routers

Differentiated Services (DiffServ) QoS control on a service class basis QoS is invoked on packet-by-packet basis Feasible and cost-effective

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QoS Models

Integrated Services (IntServ)

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QoS Models (Cont.)

Differentiated Services (DiffServ)

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Existing QoS models in MANET environment (Limitations)

IntServ in MANETs Scalability Protocol phases

Connection establishment, maintenance, teardown

DiffServ in MANETs SLA

traffic conditioning rules, placed at the nodes

Ambiguous core network

QoS models for MANETs

Flexible QoS Model for Mobile Ad Hoc Network (FQMM) Hybrid per-flow and per-class provisioning Nodes have dynamic role

FQMM Limitations Scalability problem Fail to satisfy hard QoS requirements.

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QoS models for MANETs (Cont.)

Adaptive Reservation and Pre-allocation QoS Architecture (ASAP)

For Infrastructure based networks Soft/Hard Reservation QoS Monitoring

Periodic investigation more frequent monitoring, if the network is unstable

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Limitations of ASAP

Flow Restoration Problem Flow restoration can be quite long Detecting a missing reservation.

Reverse Path Problem Outdated paths unsymmetrical paths

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Solutions to address ASAP problems

Local Repair Dynamic Virtual Path Flexible Timing Control Congestion Control

Solutions to address ASAP problems (Cont..) Local Repair

Flow path broken because of dynamic topology No QoS guarantee from broken point to

destination Quick repairing mechanism local repair triggered by a soft reservation

message Upon receiving a SR message, node reserves

some bandwidth Dynamic Virtual Path

Unsymmetrical routesMobile Ad Hoc Networks 17

Solutions to address ASAP problems (Cont..)

Flexible Timing Control SR (Soft Reservation) sending interval and the

soft state time-out period. Stable network - Large SR interval Coherent; SR and soft state time-out period too large soft state time-out will keep

reservations on

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Solutions to address ASAP problems (Cont..)

Congestion Control Queue length is not a valid indication Congestion detection by monitoring the

wireless channel Approximation of the bandwidth usage Increase or decrease transmission throughput

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