barry miles - microsoft · 2020. 10. 16. · m-290 naval spent fuel shipping container • models...
TRANSCRIPT
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Barry Miles
Deputy Director, Reactor RefuelingNaval Nuclear Propulsion Program
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Overview of Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program (NNPP)
Overview of Container Shipments
Shipping Container Accident Exercises
M-290 Spent Fuel Shipping Container
Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program
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CLEAR, TOTAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR ALL PROGRAM ASPECTS:• Research, development, design, construction• Maintenance, repair, overhaul, disposal• Radiological controls, environment, safety, and health matters• Officer operator selection, operator training• Administration (security, nuclear safeguards, TRANSPORTATION, public information,
procurement and fiscal management)• Centralized control of Program’s Industrial Base/Vendors• Spent fuel custody• Emergency Planning• Cradle-to-Grave Responsibility
SIMPLE, ENDURING, LEAN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE• Director tenure 8 years, 4-Star Admiral/Deputy Administrator in National Nuclear Security
Administration (NNSA)• Dual agency structure with direct access to Secretaries of Energy and Navy• Small headquarters, field activities
EXECUTIVE ORDER 12344 SET FORTH IN PUBLIC LAW 98-525 AND 106-65
Integrated Navy and DOE Program
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• Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program founded in 1948
• Currently operating:– 96 reactors (compared to 99
for the US commercial industry)
– 10 nuclear powered aircraft carriers (two more under construction)
– 72 submarines (four more under construction)
– Two land based prototypes– Two Moored Training Ships
• Nuclear-powered warships comprise more than 45% of all the Navy’s major combatants
NNPP Background
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NAVAL NUCLEAR PROPULSION PROGRAM
NUCLEAR POWERED FLEET -82 warships - About 45% of major combatants
NAVAL REACTORS 480
people
DEDICATED LABORATORIES- Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory -Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory -GOCO
R&D/TRAINING REACTORS -Train 3000 students/year
REPORT TO DIRECTOR- Ensures focus on mission- Immediate identification of concerns
Field Offices
SPECIALIZED INDUSTRIAL BASE
- 1 dedicated equipment prime contractor
- Hundreds of suppliers
SCHOOLS- Nuclear Power School -Nuclear Field “A” School
SHIPYARDS 4 Public / 2 Private
96 reactors operating worldwide
NAVAL REACTORS FACILITY
- Dry Storage Program - Expended Core Facility
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• World-wide operation, visiting over 150 ports in over 50 countries and dependencies.
• Over 6,700 reactor-years of operating experience without a reactor accident or any problem causing a significant effect on the environment.
• Over 156 million miles safely steamed by nuclear-powered ships.
• U.S. NUCLEAR NAVY PORTS OF CALL (OVER 150)
World-Wide Access and Demonstrated Safety Record
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Overview of Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program (NNPP)
Overview of Container Shipments
Shipping Container Accident Exercises
M-290 Spent Fuel Shipping Container
Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program
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• For over 60 years, NNPP shipments of reactor core components have traveled safely throughout the United States by rail.
• Two types of shipments:
– New components not yet installed in a propulsion plant – Used components removed from a propulsion plant (spent fuel)
• All shipments classified (security) and invoke the Department of Transportation (DOT) National Security Exemption (49CFR173.7b).– Radioactive labels and placards not used.– Shipping papers supplied to the railroads do not identify all
information normally provided by the DOT regulations.• NRLFO shipment couriers have all required DOT information.
– No advance notification
NNPP Reactor Core Component Shipments
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WA
OR ID
MT ND
SD
WY
NE
MN
WI
IA
IL
MI
IN OH
KYMO
CA NV UT
AZ
CO
NM
TX
KS
OK AR
LAMS AL
TN
GASC
FL
NC
VAWV
PA
NY
MENHVT
MA
RICT
NJDE
MD
New Component Origins & Destinations
Infrequent shipments, average approximately 10 shipments/year total across all routes. Some routes see a shipment only every 18-24 months. Typically one flatcar or 3-6 boxcars in a shipment. Shipments move in dedicated train service.
Typical New Component Shipping Routes
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Metal shipping containers mounted/tied-down inside boxcars. Boxcars locked and sealed. Radioactivity release and increased radiation levels not issues for new components.
New Component Boxcar
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Large, heavy self-protecting.
Radioactivity release and increased radiation levels not issues for new components.
New Component Flatcar and Shipping Container
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• Upon refueling/defueling, all naval spent fuel transported by rail to Program’s facility in Idaho for examination to:– Ensure maximum performance of current fuel– Enable design of new fuel with longer lifetimes
• For perspective:– First nuclear powered submarine fuel operated 2 years– Current fuel operates for 33 years – the life of an attack submarine
• Fuel is stored temporarily pending disposal in geologic repository or interim storage site.
Naval Spent Fuel Cycle
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WA
OR ID
MT ND
SDWY
NE
MN
WI
IAIL
MI
IN OH
KYMO
CA NV UT
AZ
CO
NM
TX
KS
OK AR
LAMS AL
TN
GASC
FL
NC
VAWV
PA
NY
MENHVT
MA
RICTNJ
DEMD
Originating Shipyard
Destination (NRF)
844 CONTAINERS SAFELY SHIPPED(March 1957 to Present)
Naval Spent Fuel Shipping Routes
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Nature of the Fuel
o Rugged
Shipping Containers
o Robust
Shipping Practices
o Couriers
NAVAL SPENT FUEL SHIPMENTS ARE SAFE
Shipment Safety
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• Solid metal; not flammable, explosive, or corrosive
• Built for combat battle shock conditions (well over 50g’s)
• Contains fully all long-lived radioactivity (fission products)
• Safe to operate in close proximity to sailors on warships
EXCEPTIONALLY WELL-SUITED FOR SAFE TRANSPORT AND STORAGE FOR LONG PERIODS
Naval Fuel Characteristics
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M-140 Naval Spent Fuel Shipping Container
M-290 Naval Spent Fuel Shipping Container
• Models M-140 and M-290:o Type B NRC/DOE Certifiedo At least 10” thick solid stainless steelo 350,000 and 520,000 pounds (loaded),
respectively
• Thick, solid steel typically results in radiation levels much lower than the safe maximum DOT limits:
• Everyday life exposure to radiation:o ~300 mr/yr – soil, rocks, cosmic rays,
radon
DOT Limit Naval Container
Typical Chest X-Ray
On contact 200 mR/hr 1 to 5 mR/hr10 mR
At 2 meters 10 mR/hr .1 to .5 mR/hr
Naval Spent Fuel Type B Shipping Containers
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Railcars inspected and maintained at highest standard
Location and status constantly monitored via satellite tracking
Advance arrangements with railroad operations and railroad police
Outreach with civilian authorities, e.g., accident exercises
ESCORT VEHICLE
Escorted by specially trained NNPP shipment courierso 24/7 surveillanceo Immediate emergency response
Shipping Practices
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Emergency Response Priorities:• Emergency first-aid• Summon assistance• Prevent further injury/damage• Verify radiological condition
NNPP Couriers assist Incident Commander:• Shipper Specialist Employee (29CFR1910.120)• Response priorities• Communications and public information
ROBUST SHIPPING CONTAINERS PROVIDE
A FORMIDABLE BARRIER TO PREVENT
RELEASE OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL OR SIGNIFICANT
RADIATION LEVELS
Accident Derailment Response
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Overview of Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program (NNPP)
Overview of Container Shipments
Shipping Container Accident Exercises
M-290 Spent Fuel Shipping Container
Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program
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• Familiarize stakeholders with Naval spent fuel shipping container characteristics and shipping practices.
• Evaluate the interactions of NNPP couriers accompanying spent fuel shipments and civilian emergency response representatives.
• Gain an understanding of how communication links would be activated in an accident involving a Naval spent fuel shipment.
• Evaluate the NNPP’s ability to integrate into Unified Command and the Joint Information Center (JIC) (if established).
Naval Spent Fuel Shipment Exercise Objectives
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WA
OR ID
MT ND
SD
WYNE
MN
WI
IAIL
MI
IN OH
KYMOCA
NV UT
AZ
CO
NM
TX
KS
OK AR
LAMS AL
TN
GA
SC
FL
NC
VAWV
PA
NY
MENHVT
MA
RICTNJ
DEMD
1996 PSNS
2011 WA
2005 CTUIR(Table-Top)
2000 INL
2009 CO2004 KS
1998 NNSY
2002 PNS
2006 WV
2013 IN
2015 WY
Past exercise on U.S. Govt InstallationPast exercise off U.S. Govt Installation
2015 exercise
Naval Spent Fuel Shipment Exercises
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• Site Assessment – 15 October 2014
• Initial Planning Conference – 2 April 2015
• Exercise Planning Conference #2 – 7 May
• Tabletop Exercise – 29 July
• Full Scale Exercise – 13 August
• Final Demonstration – 17 September
Summary of 2015 Wyoming Exercise Planning
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• Naval spent fuel shipment en route from Newport News VA to the Naval Reactors Facility in Idaho- escorted by two NNPP couriers
• Dump truck collides with the M-290 container railcar at a railroad crossing in Granger, WY ; one truck is derailed
• Driver is injured
• Communications between shipper (NNPP), Union Pacific Railroad, local responders, and State of Wyoming
• Unified Command established
• Local media and resident approach the scene
• Radiological surveys – NNPP couriers and Rock Springs Regional Emergency Response Team
• Radiological condition normal; re-rail and continue shipment
2015 Wyoming Exercise Scenario
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Bl eachers 60' X20'
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Overview of Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program (NNPP)
Overview of Container Shipments
Shipping Container Accident Exercises
M-290 Spent Fuel Shipping Container
Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program
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M-290 Shipping Container
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M-290 Shipping Container
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M-290 Loading Facility –
Newport News
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Operating naval nuclear propulsion plants and shipping naval spent fuel safely for over 50 years. Key to the U.S. Navy continuing to meet its national security
mission.
Questions:Barry Miles
Manager, Spent Fuel TransportationNaval Nuclear Propulsion Program
[email protected]; 202-781-5921
Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program
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Pineapple EventMay 6, 2014
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Operating naval nuclear propulsion plants and shipping naval spent fuel safely for over 50 years. Key to the U.S. Navy continuing to meet its national security
mission.
Questions:Barry Miles
Manager, Spent Fuel TransportationNaval Nuclear Propulsion Program
[email protected]; 202-781-5921
Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program
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United States Naval Nuclear
Propulsion ProgramRail track facing southwest
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• Designed, manufactured, and certified to severe accident survival standards
• NRC regulatory accident performance standards the container must withstand are (includes combinations of these events):
o 30-foot drop onto an unyielding surface
o 40-inch drop onto a 6-inch diameter vertical metal rod
o Fully-engulfing 1475 degree Fahrenheit fire for at least 30 minutes
o Immersion in 50 feet of water
• Analyses demonstrate will survive severe accident conditions and preclude harmful release of radioactivity or increase in radiation levels
Naval Spent Fuel Type B Shipping Containers
Scale model testing and full scale crash demonstrations have confirmed:o Standards are stringent, ando Techniques used to analyze
containers are effective
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• Naval Reactors Laboratory Field Office, Transportation Division (NRLFO-TRANS), is the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program (NNPP) field organization responsible for transportation of the classified reactor core (nuclear fuel) components used in naval nuclear propulsion plants.
• Located in Pittsburgh PA at the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory
• NRLFO-TRANS is responsible for all transportation logistics activities including:
– Establishing shipping dates.– Selecting and making arrangements with railroad carriers.– Establishing operational and security procedures for the shipments.– Issuing the shipping papers.– Managing the Government-owned railcar fleet used for the shipments.– Training Navy couriers who accompany the shipments (qualified as DOE
Federal officers and carry credentials)
Naval Reactors Laboratory Field Office
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• All NNPP activities have detailed emergency response plans in place
• Priorities and response structure are defined
• Robust exercise program – demonstrate Program personnel are well prepared
• World-wide response capability
• Approximate number of trained responders:
– 6,000 Contamination Workers
– 1,300 Radiological Controls Technicians
NNPP Emergency Planning
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Unified Command
Shipment Couriers
Fire/Rescue/HAZMAT
Law Enforcement
Green River Dispatch (911)UP Dispatcher
Omaha
Local News Media
Shipment Couriers
Wyoming Office of Homeland Security
Sweetwater County Emergency
Management
DOETransportation
Emergency Control Center
NNPP Headquarters
NRLFO(Shipment Originator)
UP Police
Policy GroupMayors &
Commissioners
Response Management
Communications Center
UP Train Crew
Federal Agencies(DHS, EPA, DOT, DOE,
DOD, NRC, FBI, Congress)
NNPP Transportation
Emergency Response Team
(Idaho)
WY Governor’s Office
GRANGER, WY, NAVAL SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL TRANSPORTATION EXERCISE COMPREHENSIVE COMMUNICATIONS DIAGRAM
DOE Radiological Assistance
Program Region 6
Emergency Medical
Health/Hospital
Homeland Security
PIO Safety LNOs
Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office
WY Highway PatrolUP Police
Granger VFDLittle America VFDGreen River VFDRock Springs Regional
Emergency Response Team
WY Office of Homeland Security
Castle Rock Ambulance (Green River)
WY Office of Homeland Security
Sweetwater County Emergency Management
WY Highway Patrol
UP Rerail TeamUP Police
Sweetwater County Public Health
WY Dept of Health
UP Personnel
Joint Information
Center
WY Civil Support TeamWY Dept of Health
WY Dept of Environmental Quality
Bettis Atomic Power
Laboratory
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CSXT Frontier Rail Yard Buffalo, NYThursday, 22 Sep 2005
Approx. 0100 EDT
Empty M-140 Spent Fuel Shipping Container Accident
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NNPP EMPTY M-140 SPENT FUEL SHIPPING CONTAINER ACCIDENT
CSXT Frontier Rail Yard, Buffalo, NYApprox. 0100 EDT, Thurs., 22 Sep 2005.
Scenario: Low speed, two trains on adjacent tracks being worked to same switch point, M-140 was lead car on train with the blue CSX boxcar behind it. Red boxcars on other train.
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• NNPP activated ECCs. Shipper (Idaho facility) the first notified per shipping papers.• NNPP NY field office at KAPL notified State of NY and kept NY informed.• NNPP PA field office at Bettis coordinated response/recovery with CSXT.• NNPP response teams from Bettis, KAPL, and Portsmouth Naval Shipyard start arriving on scene at
1030.• Confirming radiological surveys by County officials, NNPP personnel, NY State. Buffalo Fire Dept
responded and monitored recovery.• CSXT called in Winter’s Rigging for recovery lifting/handing.
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M-140/railcar uprighted 1135, 23 Sep …approx 36 hours after derailment.
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M-140 section that was in contactwith the ground.
M-140 section that was in contact with the blue boxcar.
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M-140 railcar out of Frontier Yard car shop on Saturday, 24 Sep at approx 1600 after final repairs/inspection complete….approx 60 hours after derailment.