basic concepts in disaster management dr. qudsia huda emergency preparedness and humanitarian action...
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Basic Concepts Basic Concepts in in
Disaster ManagementDisaster Management
Dr. Qudsia HudaDr. Qudsia HudaEmergency Preparedness and Humanitarian ActionEmergency Preparedness and Humanitarian Action
WHO EMROWHO EMRO
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Why Basic Concepts Important?Why Basic Concepts Important?
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Definition vs ConceptsDefinition vs Concepts
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Being defined vs
an idea of something formed by mentally combining all its
characteristics
GlobalizationGlobalization
Webster Dictionary Webster Dictionary
1931 Globe, Global 1931 Globe, Global 1951 Globalization 1951 Globalization
the state of being globalizedthe state of being globalized
the development of an increasingly integrated the development of an increasingly integrated global economy marked especially by free global economy marked especially by free
trade, free flow of capital, and the tapping of trade, free flow of capital, and the tapping of cheaper foreign labor marketscheaper foreign labor markets
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Princess Diana’s DeathPrincess Diana’s Death
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
An English princess with an Egyptian boyfriend An English princess with an Egyptian boyfriend crashes in a French tunnel, riding in a German car with crashes in a French tunnel, riding in a German car with
a Dutch engine, driven by a Belgian who was drunk a Dutch engine, driven by a Belgian who was drunk on Scottish whisky, followed closely by Italian on Scottish whisky, followed closely by Italian
Paparazzi, on Japanese motorcycles, treated by an Paparazzi, on Japanese motorcycles, treated by an American doctor, using Brazilian medicines. American doctor, using Brazilian medicines.
This is sent to you by a Candian, using American Bill Gates' This is sent to you by a Candian, using American Bill Gates' technology, and you're probably reading this on your computer, technology, and you're probably reading this on your computer, that uses Taiwanese chips, and a Korean monitor, assembled by that uses Taiwanese chips, and a Korean monitor, assembled by Bangladeshi workers in a Singapore plant, transported by Indian Bangladeshi workers in a Singapore plant, transported by Indian
truck drivers, hijacked by Indonesians, unloaded by Sicilian truck drivers, hijacked by Indonesians, unloaded by Sicilian longshoremen, and trucked to you by Mexican illegals.....longshoremen, and trucked to you by Mexican illegals.....
That, my friend, is Globalization !That, my friend, is Globalization !
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
A sudden unforeseen crisis (usually involving danger) that requires immediate action
Is any actual crisis affecting
public health and safety that needs immediate attention.
EmergencyHealth
I can’t find my mobile phoneMy son hasn’t come home from
schoolA man is having a heart attackA plane has crashedGas is leaking from a factoryCholera outbreak in Haiti An earthquake in ChinaEarthquake in New Zealand Tsunami in Japan (??)
Examples
find and rescue victimsevacuate victims to safe placeprovide first aid and medical
transporttreat the injuredprovide shelter, sanitation, food and
watercare for the dead and manage the
missingestablish securityre-establish the lifelines (water,
power, phone)plan and pay for recovery and
reconstruction
China Earthquake
A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.
An act that has disastrous consequences.
Disaster
Examples Examples
Bam earthquake Indian ocean tsunamiSouth Asian
earthquakeConflict in Gaza Flood is Pakistan Earthquake in Haiti
A humanitarian crisis in a country, region or society where there is total or considerable breakdown of authority resulting from internal or external conflict and which requires an international response that goes beyond the mandate or capacity of any single agency and/ or the ongoing United Nations country program
Complex Emergency
extensive violence and loss of life;
massive displacements of people;
widespread damage to societies and economies
the need for large-scale, multi-faceted humanitarian assistance
the hindrance or prevention of humanitarian assistance by political and military constraints
significant security risks for humanitarian relief workers in some areas
Complex Emergency
A source of danger
A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage.
Hazard
EarthquakesFloodsCyclones Tsunami VolcanoesCivil unrestChemicals
Drought
Famine
Conflict
Epidemic
Pandemic
Wildfire
Road Traffic Accident
Examples
consists of 5 elements
the people their property their services their livelihoods their environment
CommunityA community is best defined as a group of people who, regardless of the diversity of their backgrounds, have been able to accept and transcend their differences, enabling them to communicate effectively and openly and to work together toward goals identified as being for their common good.
Why community is important?Why community is important?
‘First Responder’
Interaction with HazardHave weakness to suffer
Have strength to withstand
The combination of the probability of an event and its negative consequences.
the potential consequences of exposure to a hazard
Risks
dead and missing; injury (mental and physical); disease (mental and physical); secondary hazards (fire, disease etc.); contamination; displacement; breakdown in security; damage to infrastructure; breakdown in essential services. loss of property; loss of income …
Examples
The characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard exposing to risks.
Vulnerabilities
Access to health careMeasles vaccination low coverage
rateLack of access to safe waterLack of access to sanitationUnsafe infrastructure Poverty Illiteracy Unskilled health workforce Environmental degradation
Examples
The combination of all the strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, society or organization that can be used to achieve agreed goals.
Ability of coping and responding to reduce loss
Capacities
The knowledge and capacities developed by governments, professional response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent or current hazard events or conditions.
Preparedness
Process of building capacity
Response
The provision of emergency services and public assistance during or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected.
The restoration, and improvement where appropriate, of facilities, livelihoods and living conditions of disaster-affected communities, including efforts to reduce disaster risk factors.
Recovery
Building Back Better
The set of capacities needed to generate and disseminate timely and meaningful warning information to enable individuals, communities and organizations threatened by a hazard to prepare and to act appropriately and in sufficient time to reduce the possibility of harm or loss.
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman
Early Warning System
Exercise!! Exercise!!
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management 12 – 23 March 2011. Muscat, Oman