Basic Mechanical EngineeringBy Asim Riaz, Senior Research Engineer

Course Outline

Rationale for the BME course Applied Thermodynamics

Why Study Thermodynamics Definition and Application System, Surrounding and Boundary Types of Systems State variables

State Function Equation of State

Thermodynamic Path, Process and Cycles Thermodynamic Equilibrium Reversibility And Irreversibility Quasi-static Process Concept of Temperature Zeroth Law of thermodynamics

Statement/Definition Temperature Measurement Temperature Scales Six Steps of defining a Temperature Scale

The Zeroth Law and Thermometer Substance – Solid, Liquid or Gas Property of Substance – Length, Volume, Resistivity etc. Reference points

o Freezing and Boiling Point of watero Universal Reference Points

Absolute Zero Triple Point of Water

Becoming Quantitative – (Dividing scale into equal parts) Solid Thermometers - Thermo Liquid Thermometers

Basic Mechanical EngineeringBy Asim Riaz, Senior Research Engineer

Gas Thermometers Thermostats and Bimetallic Strips Properties of Gases

Gas Laws Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Law of Pressures or Gay Lussac’s Law Avagadro’s Law Combined Gas Law Problems

o Amount of Gas in CNG Cylindero Increased Pressure in cylinder due to fire accident

Concept of Heat Definition of Calorie, Kcal and Food Calorie Q = m C ΔT Specific Heat (Cp & Cv) Latent Heat of Melting and Vaporization First Law of Thermodynamics

Relation between Heat and Work History

o Thompson’s Experiment (Canon’s Boring)o Sadi Carnot’s Experimento James Joule’s - Mechanical equivalent heat

Evolution of the First Law Statement/Definition/Equation Corollaries/special cases of First Law of Thermodynamics

Adiabatic/Isentropic Process i.e. Q=0 Isothermal Process i.e. U=0 Isochoric Process i.e. W=0

Steady Flow Equation Problem/Numerical Sets for first Law Enthalpy

Basic Mechanical EngineeringBy Asim Riaz, Senior Research Engineer

Analyzing Energy/Heat transfer in thermodynamic cycles P-V Diagrams T-S Diagrams

Second Law of Thermodynamics Statement/Definition Heat Reservoirs (Hot and Cold or Source and Sink) Heat Engine & Refrigerator T-S Diagram of Water and Steam Work done in an Isothermal Process by using Calculus

Energy in compressed air systems Energy in pressure vessels

Carnot Cycle Carnot Engine Efficiency and its proof by using Calculus No engine can beat Carnot’s engine efficiency - Proof Entropy

Concept and Definition Prove that for reversible process Entropy (s)=0 Prove that when hot & cold body mix S>0 (use calculus) Direction of Time S≥0

Introduction to Fluid Mechanics Understanding Pressure Atmospheric pressure Experiment to prove Atmospheric pressure using barometer Pascal’s Law

Statement/Definition Application of the Pascal’s law

Working of Hydraulic press Hydraulic Breaks

Bernoulli’s Equation Application of Bernoulli’s equation

Syphon’s flow rate calculation Aerofoil Design (Decreasing ‘P’ by Increasing velocity)

Basic Mechanical EngineeringBy Asim Riaz, Senior Research Engineer

Energy and its Resources Types of Energy Resources Pakistan and World’s Energy Outlook

Introduction to Power Plant Engineering Brief History of Power plants and Power Systems War of Currents – Advantages of AC over DC Power Systems Hydro-electric Power Plants Fossil Fuel Power Plants – Coal – Oil and Gas

Rankine Cycle Reheat cycle Regenerative cycle

Schematic Diagram of Thermal (Coal Fired or any) Power Plant Working of Thermal Power Plant Wind Turbine (Assignment – Wind with Miller)

http://www.windwithmiller.dk/wind/miller/course/view.php?id=2

Special Topics in Mechanical Engineering Work-Energy Theorem (proof using calculus) Energy in Pressure Vessels