Basics of GHG inventory preparation Basics of GHG inventory preparation and and

Introduction to the IPCC Guidelines Introduction to the IPCC Guidelines and Good Practice Guidelinesand Good Practice Guidelines

UNFCCC Workshop on the use of the guidelines for the preparation of national communications

from non-Annex I Parties10 April 2003

Port Louis, Mauritius

Kiyoto TanabeTechnical Support Unit

IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme

IPCC

IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change)Common reporting framework, scientific

background and methodologies

Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines

Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management (GPG)

used by all countriesFor national GHG inventory preparation

Revised IPCC 1996 Guidelines

Approach: Annual emissions and removalsSectoral: By gasTiered approachNational methods and emission factors

can/should be used within the common reporting framework

Structure Volume I Reporting Instructions

Introduction, general instructions, reporting tables, uncertainty management and glossary

Volume II Workbook step-by-step instructions how to

estimate the emissionsDefault values IPCC Software – a supplement to the

Workbook

Volume III Reference ManualScientific background, understanding

of the methodologies, references

Sectors

EnergyIndustrial ProcessesSolvent and Other Product UseAgricultureLand-Use Change and ForestryWaste

Gases

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Methane (CH4)

Nitrous OxideHydrofluorocarbons (HFCs),

Perfluorocarbon (PFCs) and SF6

Ozone and aerosol precursors (VOCs, NOx and SO2)

IIPCC Report on Good Practice Guidance PCC Report on Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National and Uncertainty Management in National

Greenhouse Gas InventoriesGreenhouse Gas Inventoriesaim to assist countries in producing

inventories:

in which uncertainties are reduced as far as practicable

that are neither over- nor underestimates so far as can be judged

Objectives of Good Practice GuidanceObjectives of Good Practice Guidance

Further aims, to produce inventories which are:transparentdocumentedconsistent over timecompletecomparableassessed for uncertaintiessubject to quality control and assuranceefficient in the use of resources

Key concepts of Good Practice Guidance

Complements and is consistent with the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines.

Same definitions of specific source categoriesSame functional forms for the equationsCorrection of any errors or deficiencies that have

been identified

Structure of the report

Preface Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Energy Chapter 3 Industrial Processes Chapter 4 Agriculture Chapter 5 Waste Chapter 6 Quantifying Uncertainties in Practice Chapter 7 Methodological Choice and Recalculation Chapter 8 Quality Assurance and Quality Control Annex 1 Conceptual Basis for Uncertainty Analysis Annex 2 Verification Annex 3 Glossary Annex 4 List of Participants

Source category good practice guidance

Source category specific good practice guidance

Methodological issuesChoice of method (which “tier”)Choice of emission factorsChoice of activity dataEnsuring complete estimatesEnsuring consistency throughout the time seriesQuantifying uncertainty

default values for uncertainty ranges

Are waste

disposal activity data obtainable for the

current inventory year?

Use IPCC default values, per

capita or other methods to estimate

activity data

Estimate CH4 emissions using the IPCC default

method

Are waste

disposal activity data available for previous

years?

Is this a key source category

(Note 1)?

Estimate CH4 emissions using the First Order Decay

(FOD) method

NO NO

NO

YES

YES YES

Obtain or estimate data on

historical changes in solid waste disposal

Note 1: A key source category is one that is prioritised within the national inventory system because its estimate has a significant influence on a country’s total inventory of direct greenhouse gases in terms of the absolute level of emissions, the trend in emissions, or both. (See Chapter 7, Methodological Choice and Recalculation, Section 7.2, Determining National Key Source Categories.)

Source category specific good practice guidance

Reporting and documentation What information is necessary for the specific source

category

Inventory quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC)

Particular aspects of source category estimates

Quantifying Uncertainties in Practice

Guidance on

determining

combining

reporting

uncertainty ranges from empirical data and expert judgment

Methodological Choice and Recalculation

Identification of Key Source Categories

“A key source category is one that is prioritised within the national inventory system because its estimate has a significant influence on a country’s total inventory of greenhouse gases in terms of the absolute level of emissions, the trend in emissions, or both.”

Methodological Choice and Recalculation

How to identify key source categories

Quantitative approaches Level Assessment

Trend Assessment

Taking uncertainties into account (Tier 2)

Qualitative criteria mitigation technologies high expected growth high uncertainty unexpectedly high or low emissions

Areinventory

data availablefor more than

one year?

Determine key sourcecategories using

a Tier 1 Level Assessmentand evaluating qualitativecriteria (see Section 7.2.2,Qualitative Approaches for

Identifying Key SourceCategories)

Arecountry

-specific uncertaintyestimates available foreach source category

estimate?

Determine key sourcecategories using

a Tier 1 Level and TrendAssessment and evaluating

qualitative criteria (seeSection 7.2.2, Qualitative

Approaches for IdentifyingKey Source Categories)

Determine key source categoriesusing a Tier 2 Level and Trend

Assessment, incorporatingnational uncertainty estimates andevaluating qualitative criteria (see

Section 7.2.2, QualitativeApproaches for Identifying Key

Source Categories)

NO

YES

YES

NO

Quality Assurance and Quality Control

General QA/QC activities for all source categories

Source category QA/QC activities as Tier 2 (primarily for key source categories)

Annexes

Annex 1 : the statistical theory of uncertainties that underlies the practical advice provided in the main chapters

Annex 2 : international and scientific aspects of inventory verification

Annex 3 : glossary

ConclusionsIPCC Guidelines and GPG

Methodologies and framework for inventory preparation

aims to facilitate the production of unbiased, transparent, accurate and well-documented inventories

GPG applies to all method levels - not just “highest” tier

GPG sets a high standard for quality, but recognizes that resources are limited Provides information on setting priorities,

focused on key source categories and choice of method and QA/QC

Conclusions

National circumstances vary - national and regional input important (IPCC guidelines contain default values but do not cover all regions/countries and categories)

Improvement of inventory methodologies, activity data and emission factors is continuos work - on national, regional and global scale

Future - Further DevelopmentFuture - Further DevelopmentThe report on Good Practice Guidance

for LULUCF is now being developed. (To be completed by the end of 2003, and will be submitted to COP9)

Revision of the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines - the project will be initiated this year with a view to completion by early 2006. (As invited by SBSTA17.)

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp