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Visual Basic for Applications

(VBA)

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VBA is a subset of the Visual Basic programming language.

It is Microsoft's common application programming language (for developingmacros) integrated to MS Office applications lie !ord" #$cel" etc.

VBA is interpreted" it is not compiled" so e$ecution is slo%

VBA is an Ob&ect Oriented" Application rogramming anguage though *ou ma*not notice it or no% of an* alternatives

A VBA macro is a user defined program %hich effectivel* result in the e$ecution aseries of MS #$cel activities

+eveloper ,ab -

Excel Options Popular Show Developer tab

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What Can You Do With VBA

Write Macros to Automate Labor-Intensive and RepetitiveTasks

Create User-Defined Functions to Achieve CompicatedFunctionait!

Create customi"ed user forms# menus$too bars for Interface

Interact %ith &ther Windo%s 'ro(rams

I$& %ith )*terna Fies

Database &peration +,

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First Step to VBA : Record a Macro

imiar to audio$video recorder Records a the steps !ou take and transates to ./A code

)*ercise0 Create a si"e-12 coumn of random vaues each time

!our macro is caed,

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Working with the Visual Basic Editor

Developer tab Code roup Macros button

!elect "acro na"e Edit

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Working with the Visual Basic Editor(contd#)

A projectholds all "acros$ worksheets$ for"s$and other ite"s that "ake up %ourcusto"i&ed 'ls" application'

Project Explorer is the window in the VisualBasic Editor that displa%s a hierarchical list of allcurrentl% open proects and their contents

An objectis an% ele"ent within the Ecelworking environ"ent such as a worksheet$ cell$workbook$ or even the Ecel progra" itself'

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Working with the Visual Basic Editor(contd#)

You can view a list of properties for an% obect in theProperties window

A moduleis a collection of VBA "acros

*he Code windowdispla%s the VBA "acro codeassociated with an% ite" in +roect Eplorer

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Working with VBA

,sing VBA we can develop !ub +rocedures and-unction +rocedures

A sub procedure perfor"s an action on %our

proect or workbook$ such as for"atting a cell ordispla%ing a chart$ .lling a se/uence$ etc !ub procedure can be directl% eecuted (can be associated

with /uick access tool bar)$ or called b% another subprocedure

A function procedureperfor"s anAction0calculation and can return a value Assign return value to function na"e A function procedure can be used directl% in a for"ula on

the spreadsheet$ or called b% another procedure'

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!ub +rocedures

!ubs can have +ublic or +rivate scope (default is+ublic)

Basic s%nta

{Public|Private} Subname(arguments)[statements]Exit Sub[statements]

End Sub

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Optional way to leave the Sub

before reachin the !n" #tate$ent

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-unctions

-unctions can have +ublic or +rivate scope (defaultis +ublic)

Basic s%nta

{Public|Private} Functionfname(arguments)AS type[statements]Exit Function

[statements]End Function

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Optional way to leave the %unction

before reachin the !n" #tate$ent

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1bects2 3n VBA tasks are perfor"ed b%"anipulating obects

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P ope t es

& property i# an attribute of an ob'ect that "efine#

one of it# characteri#tic#( #uch a# it# na$e( #i)e(

color( or location on the #creen( etc*

)*ampes

Ran(e34A50/5146,Ro%s,Count 3a read-on! propert!6

Ran(e34A50/5146,Font,/od 7 True 3read-%rite propert!6

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Methods

Methods are the actions that can be performed on&b8ects# such as cosin( a %orkbook

Methods for &b8ects

Ran(e34A50/5146,CearContents

ActiveCe,Cop!

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Events

&b8ects can respond to Events# such as a Mouse-Cick#Doube Cick on a ce# Activate a Worksheet#

&pen$Cose$ave a Workbook# etc,

Worksheet events0

uch as Activate# Deactivate# Chan(e# eectionChan(e# /efore Doube Cick# etc,

Workbook )vents0

uch as &pen# /efore Cose# /efore avin(# /efore

'rint# 9e% heet,

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Collection Objects

1bects are often grouped into collections$ whichare the"selves obects$ called collectionobjects

Coection &b8ects share Common 'roperties# Methods and )vents

)*ampes 0 Workbooks# Worksheets# etc,

Worksheetsis a coection of a the Worksheet ob8ects in the specified oractive %orkbook,

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Referring Objects Worksheets356 refers to the 5st %orksheet of current active %orkbook,

Worksheets3:Annua;6 refers to the %orksheet named :Annua;,

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4eferring to 1bects

VBA organi&es obects and obect collections in a hierarch%with the Ecel application at the top and the individual cellsof a workbook at the botto"

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4eferring to +ropert% of 1bects

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Appl%ing 5ethods

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Working with Variables

A variable is a na"ed ele"ent in a progra" thatcan be used to store and retrieve data

Ever% variable is identi.ed b% a uni/ue variablename

Di" variableas type

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Variables

Better to use Data *%pes2 Dima"ount AsDouble Dimna"e AsString

1ther data t%pes2 Boolean$ Bte$ Currenc$ Date! etc

Default (no t%pe) is "ariant

Option Explicit forces all variables to be declared

Can "odif% scope (outside !ubs 6 -unctions) Private7 As#nteger

(onl% current "odule) Publicbills+aid AsCurrenc

(available to an% "odule)

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,ser interaction 2 3nputBo

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5essage Bo

5sgBo +ro"pt$ Buttons$ *itle

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,ser -or"

,hese are custom made dialogue bo$es

Appropriate ontrols from the ,oolbo$ ontrols can be added as re/uired

roperties of a control can be changed

VBA Sub procedures to handle events (#vent handlers) that are generated inthe 0ser form need to be %ritten

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Writing to a !heet

+ut the absolute value of the variable -in row 8 $colu"n * of the Worksheet na"ed "%!heet'

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+or,#heet#-.$ySheet/*ane-.2/&*&b#-%

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4eading fro" a Worksheet

*o read in a value$ use the 'Value"ethod$ appl%ing thesa"e ideas used for writing2

9 : Worksheets(;"%!heet

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Wa%s to use '4ange 5ethod

4ange(=A>=) ell &1

4ange(=A>2B?=) ell# &1 throuh 5

4ange(=C?2D@$@2>=) & $ultiplearea #election

4ange(=A2A=) olu$n &

4ange(=>2>=) ow 1

4ange(=A2C=) olu$n# & throuh

4ange(=>2?=) ow# 1 throuh 5

4ange(=>2>$2$2=) ow# 1( 3( an" 8

4ange(=A2A$C2C$-2-=) olu$n# &( ( an" %

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,se an Ecel -unction

VBA has a li"ited nu"ber of builtin functions$ but %oucan access the plethora of Ecel worksheet functions'

*his ea"ple uses the Ecel 41,FDD1WF function

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+ +or,#heet%unction*oun""own-alue

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Control !tructures

Decisions

#fan%Date G Fow $%enan%Date : Fow

End#f

9e*t# consider If + Then + )se

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Decisions(contHd')

#f3nde : I $%en9 : 9 J >Y : VBA'!/r(9)

Else#f3nde : > $%enY : VBA'!/r(9)

Else#f3nde : 8 $%en

Y : 9Else

9 : IEnd#f

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Decisions(contHd')

SelectCaseInde*.ariabeCase2

statements+Case5 to 52

statements+

CaseIs < 2statements+

Case9umtepsstatements+

CaseElsestatements+

EndSelect

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otice that the .ca#e#/ can

be con#tant#( ranevalue#( con"ition# an"

variable#: thi# i# a

powerful control #tructure

that we will u#e to #elect

event# to e;ecute

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7oops03terationsDoK&%ile'(ntil)#condition

statements*oop

lCount = 0

lNum = 10

Do Until lNum = 0

lNum = lNum 1 lCount = lCount + 1

Loop

lCount = 0

lNum = 10

Do While lNum > 0 lNum = lNum 1

lCount = lCount + 1

Loop

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7oops(contHd')

+orcounter : start $oend LStepincre"entM#statements

,extcounter

otal 0

%or O

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Eit Co""ands

Exit +unction2 3""ediatel% eits the +unctionprocedure in which it appears'

Eecution continues with the state"ent following the state"ent that calledthe +unction'

Exit Sub-

3""ediatel% eits the Subprocedure in which it appears'

Eecution continues with the state"ent following the state"ent that calledthe Subprocedure'

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*hank Y1,