beginnings of the french revolution. causes indirect: enlightenment ideas of locke, montesquieu, and...
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Causes Direct: –Economic Problems: – Society Divided – made up of 3 “Estates” 3. American Revolution (loans) 1. Poor Tax Base (Nobility does not pay) 2. Poor Harvests in the late 1780sTRANSCRIPT
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Beginnings of the French Revolution
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Causes• Indirect:–Enlightenment Ideas of Locke,
Montesquieu, and Rousseau–American Revolution –
Declaration of Independence (Jefferson)
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Causes
• Direct:– Economic Problems:
– Society Divided – made up of 3 “Estates”
3. American Revolution (loans)
1. Poor Tax Base (Nobility does not pay)2. Poor Harvests in the late 1780s
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Society Divided• 1st Estate – • 2nd Estate – • 3rd Estate –
Catholic ClergyNobility
•Bourgeoisie (middle class)
•Sans-culottes (urban workers)
•Peasants
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Society Divided• 1st Estate –• 2nd Estate – • 3rd Estate –
1% population, 10% land2% population, 25% land97% population, 65% land
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1st Estate2nd Estate3rd Estate
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10%
25% 65%
1st Estate2nd Estate3rd Estate
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Society Divided• 1st Estate –• 2nd Estate – • 3rd Estate –
Louis XVI and France in heavy debt – need to call the Estates-Generale to solve this problem
Paid no taxesPaid no taxesPaid all of the taxes
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National Assembly• 3rd Estate breaks away• Tennis Court Oath• National Assembly is formed
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Storming of the Bastille
• July 14, 1789
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The Great Fear
• Peasants riot in the countryside burning nobles’ homes and robbing granaries (grain warehouses).
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Declaration of the Rights of Man
• Based on Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau• Basic human rights, natural
rights• BUT…Excludes Women
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Constitution of 1791• Unicameral Legislature–Unicameral = “one house”
• Suffrage – all males who pay a minimum tax may vote• Result – URBAN WORKERS
vote in RADICAL representatives
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Constitution of 1791… too far?
Right - Conservative
Middle - Moderates
Left – Radical (Jacobins)
“The Mountain” National Convention
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War• 1791 France (led by the radicals in the
National Assembly) declares war on Austria.• Why?–To prevent Austria, or other nations,
from bringing the King (LOUIS XVI) back to full power.