Bell Ringer: 10/18Bell Ringer: 10/18

• Take a worksheet from the front, do not Take a worksheet from the front, do not write on it.write on it.

• On your blue sheet: Organize the following On your blue sheet: Organize the following terms from MOST encompassing to LEAST terms from MOST encompassing to LEAST encompassing:encompassing:

community, biosphere, population, community, biosphere, population, ecosystem, organismecosystem, organism

PS-”encompassing” means: to include, to PS-”encompassing” means: to include, to form a ring around…so think of it as which form a ring around…so think of it as which includes the most of the othersincludes the most of the others

AnnouncementsAnnouncements

• Yesterday’s half sheet is due on Thurs.Yesterday’s half sheet is due on Thurs.• If you did not complete it in class If you did not complete it in class

yesterday, you have 2 options:yesterday, you have 2 options:– 1. Google the title of the article (it is on the half 1. Google the title of the article (it is on the half

sheet), and complete the questions using your sheet), and complete the questions using your computer.computer.

– 2. Come before school tomorrow (12. Come before school tomorrow (1stst per. 315) per. 315) or after school (after 9or after school (after 9thth 313) to finish it 313) to finish it

• If you have not taken the exam from last If you have not taken the exam from last week you need to come during tutoring week you need to come during tutoring TOMORROW to take it. Any exams not TOMORROW to take it. Any exams not made up by Fri become ZEROS!made up by Fri become ZEROS!

Principles of Ecology: Principles of Ecology: Organisms & Their Organisms & Their

EnvironmentEnvironment

Ch. 2, Sec. 1Ch. 2, Sec. 1

If you can write quickly, take notes…If you can write quickly, take notes…otherwise you are expected to access otherwise you are expected to access

these online from the HW page to these online from the HW page to study!!study!!

What is Ecology?What is Ecology?

• EcologyEcology = study of interactions = study of interactions between organisms & their between organisms & their environmentenvironment

• Disruptions to the environment can Disruptions to the environment can ripple throughout the entire ripple throughout the entire ecosystemecosystem

BiosphereBiosphere• BiosphereBiosphere = parts of Earth and its = parts of Earth and its

atmosphere that support life, from atmosphere that support life, from the sky down to the bottom of the the sky down to the bottom of the oceanocean

• Biotic FactorsBiotic Factors = the = the living living partsparts of an of an ecosystemecosystem

• Abiotic Abiotic FactorsFactors = the = the nonlivingnonliving parts parts of an of an ecosystem ecosystem (sun, (sun, temperature, temperature, pH, gasses, pH, gasses, water) that are water) that are part of an part of an organism’s lifeorganism’s life

Levels of OrganizationLevels of OrganizationFrom LARGE to smallFrom LARGE to small

• 1. Biosphere1. Biosphere

• 2. Ecosystem2. Ecosystem = = the the bioticbiotic & & abioticabiotic parts of an parts of an environment found environment found in a particular placein a particular place– The The biospherebiosphere is is

made up of many made up of many different different ecosystemsecosystems

• 3. Communities3. Communities = all the interacting = all the interacting living organismsliving organisms in an area, all the in an area, all the different speciesdifferent species

• 4. Populations4. Populations = = all membersall members of the of the same species living in one place, at same species living in one place, at one timeone time

• 5. Organism5. Organism = the = the individualindividual organismorganism

Organisms in EcosystemsOrganisms in Ecosystems

• HabitatHabitat = the place where an = the place where an organism lives out its lifeorganism lives out its life

• NicheNiche = all strategies & adaptations = all strategies & adaptations a species uses in its environment; an a species uses in its environment; an species’ species’ rolerole– What food they eatWhat food they eat– What kind of shelter usedWhat kind of shelter used– Where they reproduceWhere they reproduce

• Having a specific role in an Having a specific role in an environment helps reduce environment helps reduce competition competition

Survival Relationships (2 Survival Relationships (2 kinds)kinds)

• A. SymbiosisA. Symbiosis = organisms living = organisms living closely together; closely together; 3 types 3 types of of symbiosissymbiosis

• 1. Mutualism1. Mutualism = 2 species of = 2 species of organisms benefit from each otherorganisms benefit from each other

• 2. Commensalism2. Commensalism = one species = one species benefits & the other is neither benefits & the other is neither harmed nor benefitedharmed nor benefited

• 3. Parasitism3. Parasitism = one species = one species benefits at the expense of another benefits at the expense of another speciesspecies

• B. PredationB. Predation = a predator eats = a predator eats another organism for foodanother organism for food

Worksheet: Worksheet: Deer: Predation or Deer: Predation or StarvationStarvation• Read the scenario.Read the scenario.• There are 2 columns of data that you need There are 2 columns of data that you need

to calculate. to calculate. – Deer pop. change: calculate first for previous yr)Deer pop. change: calculate first for previous yr)

• # of deer born - #died (predation and starvation)# of deer born - #died (predation and starvation)– Deer pop: calculate AFTER you have the deer Deer pop: calculate AFTER you have the deer

pop. change for the previous yearpop. change for the previous year• Deer pop fr. Previous yr + pop. Change fr. Deer pop fr. Previous yr + pop. Change fr.

Previous yearPrevious year

• Complete graph (line for deer pop and Complete graph (line for deer pop and wolf pop)wolf pop)

• Analysis ?’s on the backAnalysis ?’s on the back• Due Thurs.Due Thurs.

• http://www.cstephenmurray.com/onlihttp://www.cstephenmurray.com/onlinequizes/biology/Ecology/typesofintenequizes/biology/Ecology/typesofinteractionsexamples.htmractionsexamples.htm

PracticePractice• Cowbirds lay their eggs in the nests of other Cowbirds lay their eggs in the nests of other

birds and allow them to raise their chick usually birds and allow them to raise their chick usually at the expense of the offspring of the other at the expense of the offspring of the other species.species.

• What would happen to a forest community if What would happen to a forest community if the cowbird population increased?the cowbird population increased?