Bell Ringer – 10/5/07Bell Ringer – 10/5/07•How did African kingdoms How did African kingdoms become wealthy?become wealthy?

•What non-African groups traded What non-African groups traded with African tribes, kingdoms, & with African tribes, kingdoms, & villages during the 1400’s?villages during the 1400’s?

•What concept was most difficult What concept was most difficult for you on the 5 week exam?for you on the 5 week exam?

The Slave TradeThe Slave Trade•Portugal’s ships were the first Portugal’s ships were the first to reach Africa’s western to reach Africa’s western coast (1400’s)coast (1400’s)

•The Portuguese wanted to The Portuguese wanted to spread Christianity and to spread Christianity and to trade with African kingdoms.trade with African kingdoms.

•The Portuguese observed The Portuguese observed slave labor in Senegambia, slave labor in Senegambia, Benin, & KongoBenin, & Kongo

Slave labor had occurred in Slave labor had occurred in Africa for thousands of years Africa for thousands of years

& existed in all ancient & existed in all ancient culturescultures

The Portuguese take slaves The Portuguese take slaves to Europeto Europe

• In 1441, Antam Goncalvez of Portugal In 1441, Antam Goncalvez of Portugal enslaved a Berber and his West enslaved a Berber and his West African servant and took them home as African servant and took them home as gifts for a Portuguese prince.gifts for a Portuguese prince.

•Over the following decades, Over the following decades, Portuguese raiders captured hundreds Portuguese raiders captured hundreds of Africans of Africans

•A horrifying system began in which A horrifying system began in which African “slave traders” would trade African “slave traders” would trade captured slaves to Portuguese, captured slaves to Portuguese, Spanish, & white AmericansSpanish, & white Americans

Bell Ringer – 10/9/07Bell Ringer – 10/9/07•From what country were the From what country were the

first European slave traders?first European slave traders?•Before they began the slave Before they began the slave

trade, what were these trade, what were these Europeans looking to do in Europeans looking to do in Africa?Africa?

•What was ancient slave labor What was ancient slave labor like in Africa?like in Africa? (before the slave (before the slave trade w/ Europe & America)trade w/ Europe & America)

Columbus’s VoyagesColumbus’s Voyages• Once Columbus spoke of American Once Columbus spoke of American

land, Dutch, French, Spanish, land, Dutch, French, Spanish, Portuguese, & English established Portuguese, & English established colonies in the Caribbean & the colonies in the Caribbean & the Americas.Americas.

• Europeans killed off the majority of Europeans killed off the majority of Native Americans by spreading Native Americans by spreading diseasesdiseases

• Europeans began using Africans Europeans began using Africans slaves for laborslaves for labor

• Does Christopher Columbus deserve a Does Christopher Columbus deserve a holiday?holiday?

HispaniolaHispaniola

Haiti on the West / Dominican Haiti on the West / Dominican Republic on EastRepublic on East

HispaniolaHispaniola• In 1492 Columbus called it “The most In 1492 Columbus called it “The most

beautiful island in the World”beautiful island in the World”• By 1502 African slaves lived on Hispaniola By 1502 African slaves lived on Hispaniola

and worked tirelessly for the Spanishand worked tirelessly for the Spanish• The French took control of part of The French took control of part of

Hispaniola and the Spanish held onto Hispaniola and the Spanish held onto another part another part

• People of African ancestry triumphed the People of African ancestry triumphed the island and today 90% of Haitians or island and today 90% of Haitians or Dominicans are of African AncestryDominicans are of African Ancestry

• Haiti’s official language is French, Dom Haiti’s official language is French, Dom Rep is SpanishRep is Spanish

North American North American SlaverySlavery• Slavery was based on race and most were males Slavery was based on race and most were males who worked as agricultural laborers rather than who worked as agricultural laborers rather than soldiers or domestic servants. (such as in Africa, soldiers or domestic servants. (such as in Africa, Asia, & Europe)Asia, & Europe)

• Slaves became Slaves became chattelchattel – personal property of their – personal property of their masters, & lost customary rights as human beingsmasters, & lost customary rights as human beings

HomeworkHomework•Due Thursday the 11Due Thursday the 11thth •Page 37, answer 3 questions Page 37, answer 3 questions

and define the 4 Key Termsand define the 4 Key Terms•Tomorrow is Project Write-Tomorrow is Project Write-

On! – be sure to bring On! – be sure to bring notebook, writing utensil, & notebook, writing utensil, & an open mindan open mind