• Bell Ringer: What is represented in the following cartoon and who seems to be involved?

Why was Representation an major issue at the

Philadelphia convention? Unit 2.10

VocabularyGreat CompromiseThree-Fifths Compromise

What were the disagreements about compromise?

• All but PA and GA had bicameral legislatures (two houses)

• VA plan controversy was over proportional representation

Madison, Wilson and King

• Representation in both houses determined by population

• Gov’t that acted on and represented the people should give equal voting power to equal numbers

• Madison said states should not be represented at Fed, but representatives should serve districts, and connect people of district to Fed Gov’t

Opposing side

• Equal representation as in the Articles

• Fed gov’t derives from and represents states not people

• Did not want states with larger populations to overpower smaller states

• Wanted an equal voice for all states

New Jersey Plan… “Plans ahh heeere!”William Paterson - NJ plan June 5, 1787

• Congress has one House as in Confederation– Congress has one House as in Confederation– Power to levy and collect duties and stamp taxes– Power to regulate interstate and global trade– Power to make laws as supreme law of the land; states

could not create conflicting laws• Executive: made up of several persons appointed by

Congress – Power to administer national laws, appoint execs, direct

military operations• Supreme court appointed by Executive Branch– Power to decide cases involving treaties, trade and collect

taxes

Results of NJ plan debate and vote

• Introduced after VA plan and many wanted new stronger government

• NJ acted on states and individuals and was not the stronger answer

• It was not accepted and the unicameral National legislature was scrapped but representation in bicameral legislature was hotly debated (and almost made the Convention a failure).

• A committee was assigned to hammer out the details

Committee =Great Compromise

• House if Reps develops all bills for taxation and gov’t spending

• Senate accepts or rejects bills later changed to allow them to amend taxes and develop appropriation bills

What does this mean?

• Small states get equal representation in Senate• Large states get control of House or

Representatives• Madison and several others disagree, fearing

senate was going to be weak like A of C• Some smaller states were suspicious but it

passed by one vote• WHAT DO YOU THINK? P. 76

New states• Northwest Ordinance stated

states had to be added with same provisions as original 13-equal representation in congress

• Delegates decided a Census needed to be done every 10 years to reapportion or reallocate seats in the house based on population shifts