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BO CO CHUYN

GVHD:

H QUC PHONG

NHM THC HIN: NHM 5

1. NGUYN NGC PHI 2092150

2. NGUYN VN THNH 2092162

3. NGUYN VN THNG 2092164

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1. Tng quan v nhin liu sinh hc ( NLSH) biodiesel

1.1. Cc dng nhin liu sinh hc

1.2. Nhng u im v nhc im ca biodiesel

1.3. Cc ngun nguyn liu sn xut biodiesel

2. c im chung ca vi to N. oculata

3. Cc yu t nh hng n vi to N. oculata

4. Mt s phng php x l du thc vt v m ngvt thu nhin liu Biodiesel

5. Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut NLSH Biodiesel t vito

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1.1. Cc dng nhin liu sinh hc-Nhin liu lng:

Xng sinh hc( gasohol): gm Biomethanol,

bioethanol,

Diesel sinh hc( Biodiesel): tng t nhdiesel nhng c ngun gc t thc vt, mng vt.

-Kh sinh hc (biogas): gm CH 4v mt s khkhc.

-NLSH rn: g, than, cc loi phn th kh.

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1.2. Nhng u im v nhc im ca biodiesel

u im ca Biodiesel

- V mt mi trng:

- V mt k thut

- V mt kinh tNhc im Biodiesel

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V mt mi trng:

-Gim hin tng gy hiu ng nh knh.

-Cha rt t hp cht lu hunh (

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V mt k thut

-Ch s cetane cao hn Diesel.

-C th pha trn vi diesel vi bt k t l no.

-C im chp chy cao hn diesel, t chyhon ton, an ton trong bn cha v s dng.

-Biodiesel c tnh bi trn tt.

-Khi s dng khng cn ci thin chi tit cang c (i vi vt liu bng nha th thaybng kim loi).

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V mt kinh t:

-Tn dng tim nng sn c ca ngnhnng nghip v thc phm nh: thc vt

ly du, du ph thi, m ng vt,-a dng ha ngnh nng nghip, tngthu nhp nng thn, min ni, vng

bin.-Tit kim ngun ngoi t cho quc gia.

-Thc y kinh t pht trin.

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Nhc im biodiesel

-Nhit ng c cao hn diesel

-C nhit tr thp hn diesel

-Chi ph sn xut cao

-Sn xut ch yu theo m, nng sutthp, kh n nh cht lng sn phm.

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Ngun nguyn liu t thc vt v m ngvt

-Mt s loi nng sn sn xut du nh:ng, u nnh, ht iu, cacao,...

-Mt s m ng vt nh: m c tra, cbasa,

Ngun nguyn liu t vi to

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NgunHm lngdu (% khi

lng sinh khi )

Nng sutLipit

(Ldu/ha.nm)

t sdng

(m2.nm/kg)

Nng sutBiodiesel

(kg/ha.nm)

1. Ng 44 172 66 152

2. Ci du 41 974 12 862

3. u Nnh

18

636

18

562

4. Jatropha 28 741 15 656

5. Hng dng 40 1070 11 946

6. Hi ly 48 1307 9 1156

7. C du 36 5366 2 4747

8. Vi to(lng du thp)30 58700 0.2 51927

9. Vi to(lng du trung bnh)

50 97800 0.1 86515

10. Vi to(lng du cao)

70 136900 0.1 121104

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c im hnh thi:loi to n bo, c dng hnhcu (d=2-4m) hoc hnh tr (3-4x1.5m). Thnh tbo trong sut, mang mt s n sc dip lc muvng xanh.

c im sinh l:sng ch yu trong mi trngnc mn v di nhit kh rng c th gn 00C.Sinh sn v tnh theo kiu phn i theo chiu ngang.

c im sinh ha:Khi iu kin dinh dng va th N.oculata thng chuyn ha u tin cc cacbon

thnh protein. Khi thay i th t bo b kch ng, schuyn ha thnh lipit v cacbonhydrat.

Cng ngh ha K35 11

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Mi trng sng: sng trong mi trngnc mn v nui cy trong khong mnl 31-49g/L th kh nng sinh trng tt v

khi lng sinh khi kh cao. nh sng: Mc chiu sng ti u l nhsng bo ha cao (400-500 mol/m2s), gn

t n mc c ch.

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S sinh trng v sn xut lipit ca vi to N.oculata ti ccnhit khc nhau

Nhit :

Nhit

oC

-Tc sinh

trngc trng (1/ngy)

Sn lng lipit(g lipit /100g sinh

khi kh)

Nng sut lipit(mg

lipit/L.ngy)

15 0.060.00 14.920.82 9.110.30

20 0.130.00 7.900.21 10.010.22

25 0.070.01 13.890.61 10.102.09

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Thnh phn dinh dng: sau y l mt s thnhphn dinh dng ti u c th s dng nui cy vito N. oculata.- Thnh phn cacbon (CO2):l 2% nu nui cy

lin tc v 5-15% nu nui cy bn lin tc, nhngphi cho N. oculata thch nghi mi trng giu CO2hn khng kh.- Thnh phn nitrogen (NaNO3):nng nitrate l

150M tng ng l 0.013g/L.- Thnh phn phosphorus (NaH2PO4):nui cytrong mi trng hn ch hm lng phosphorus,nng khong 6M NaH2PO4.

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Phng php sy nng: nht gim khi nhit tng, i hi nhit cao m ng c th khng hotng mi c.Phng php pha long:Thu c hn hp mi,ng nht v bn vng (t l 1:10 hoc 2:10biodiesel:diesel).Phng php nh tng ha:Khc phc c nht cao bng dung mi ru, nhng kh duy tr v

n nh h nh tng.Phng php cracking:Phng php chuyn ha ester:

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Cng ngh ha K35 16

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1 Oil or Fat

H

HCC

O

R1 O

HCC

O

R2 O

HCC

O

R3 O

H

+ COH H3

+ COH H3

+ COH H3

C

O

R1 O CH3

C

O

R2 O CH3

C

O

R3 O CH3

Na+

1 Triglycerid1 Tri-Ester

Estergroup

+ 3 Alcohol

3 Methylester+ 3 Methanol

+

H

HCH O

HCH O

HCH O

H

+ 1 GlycerinCatalyst

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

CH

C

H

H

C

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

H

C

H

Example for R:

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ThitB Trn

Thit b

phnng

Thit btch

Loi bmethanol

S trung hav ra ncThit b lmkh

Acid

Thit b lc

Nc ra

NcBiodiesel

Glycerol

Methylester

Methanol

XT NaOH

Du t

Vi To

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THANKS YOU!

Cng ngh ha K35 19

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Cng ngh ha K35 20