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Big Game t big game species underwent population fluctuations ce European settlement, with often critically low numbers late 1800’s early 1900’s, with some recovery since then y occur now only in fragments of their historic ranges, e have local populations high enough to cause environmental age all species, human-wildlife interactions are increasingly ke ulation health and survival reasing need to think in terms of populations rather than spe Big Game species in AZ

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Page 1: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s, with some recovery since then

Many occur now only in fragments of their historic ranges,

Some have local populations high enough to cause environmental damage

For all species, human-wildlife interactions are increasingly key to population health and survival

Increasing need to think in terms of populations rather than species

10 Big Game species in AZ

Page 2: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

ElkIssues: Overabundance and Ecological ImpactsPredator Interactions (Yellowstone)Vehicular collisions

Page 3: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

White-tailed deerIssues: Overabundance/Ecological EffectsManaging urban pops

Page 4: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Mule deerIssues:Declining populations nationwide

Black tailed deer

Page 5: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Javelina (collared peccary)Issues:Human-wildlife interactionsDecline outside US

Page 6: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Pronghorn

Issues:Grazing vs predation in declining popsHabitat fragmentation (fences,

highways, development)Sonoran pronghorn recovery

http://www.dperezphoto.com/best/wildlife/pages/raccoon_kits_on_limb.htm
Page 7: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Desert bighorn

Rocky Mountain Bighorn

BighornIssues:Maintaining isolated small popsCorridors?

Dall sheep

Page 8: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

BisonIssues: Brucellosis in Yellowstone herd

Native to AZ and fate of House Rock herd?

Page 9: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

PumaIssues: Human-Puma interactionsEstimating pop sizeRecovery of Florida Panther

Page 10: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Black bearIssues:Bear-human interactionsMethods of take

Page 11: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Wild turkeyIssues:Expansion and maintenance of populations

Male display

Page 12: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Caribou

Page 13: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Moose

Page 14: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Mountain goat

Page 15: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Abert (tassel-eared) squirrel

Red squirrel

Az grey squirrel Cottontail rabbit

Page 16: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Mearn’s (harlequin) quail

Scaled quail

Gambel’s quail

Bobwhite quail

Page 17: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Chukar

Ring-necked pheasant

Introduced game birds

Page 18: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Blue grouse – High elevation

Ptarmigan - High elevation RockiesAlaska, Canada

Ruffed grouse – deciduous forests of N and NE

Native grouse and ptarmigan

Page 19: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Sharp-tailed grouse – High plains, Dakotas, Nebraska, etc

LesserPrairieChicken

Plains states

Sage grouse - sage brush areas of western states

Page 20: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Mourning dove

Band-tailed pigeon

White-winged dove

Collared DoveINVASIVE!

Page 21: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,
Page 22: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Waterfowl

Page 23: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Tundra swan

Trumpeter swan

Waterfowl – migratory game birds

Page 24: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

White-fronted goose

Page 25: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Canada Goose

Page 26: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Snow goose (blue and white color phases)

Snow (left) vs. Ross (right)

Page 27: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Brant

Page 28: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Dabbling or surface ducks

Page 29: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Green-winged teal (drake and hen)

Page 30: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Blue-winged teal drake

Page 31: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Cinnamon teal

Page 32: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Northern Shoveller drake and hen

Page 33: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Mallard drake and hen

Page 34: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Black duck drake

Page 35: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Gadwall drake

Page 36: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

American widgeon drakes

Page 37: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Northern Pintail drake

Page 38: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Wood duck drake and hen

Page 39: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Diving or Bay ducks

Page 40: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Canvasback drake and hen

I’m a wedgehead

Page 41: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Redhead drake

I’m a ballhead

Page 42: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Ring-necked duck drake(“I’m a snazzy diver!”)

Page 43: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Lesser scaup drakeAKA “bluebill”

Page 44: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Common goldeneye hen (left)

Common goldeneye drake below

Page 45: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Bufflehead drake and hen

“I make black and white look good!”

Page 46: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Ruddy duck drake in Spring

Drake and hen Ruddy (male displaying)

Page 47: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Common MerganserHen (top)Drake (bottom)

Page 48: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Waterfowl migratory flyways

Page 49: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Common Snipe - long bill long legs

Page 50: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Woodcockaka “stumpy”

Page 51: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

American coot

Page 52: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

Sandhill CraneNecks extended, social

Great Blue HeronUsually aloneNeck folded

Page 53: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,
Page 54: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,
Page 55: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

QuailAnd upland game birds

Doves

Page 56: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

6

Page 57: Big Game Most big game species underwent population fluctuations since European settlement, with often critically low numbers in late 1800’s early 1900’s,

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