bilingualism laminas
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REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELAMINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL EXPERIMENTAL SIMÓN RODRÍGUEZNÚCLEO: PALO VERDE
CURSE: PSYCHOLINGUISTICS
STUDENTS’NAMES: STUDENTS’NAMES:
BARCENAS TERESITABARCENAS TERESITAPACHECO MAIGUALIDA PACHECO MAIGUALIDA
INTRODUCTION Since a bicycle has two wheels and
binoculars are for two eyes, it would that bilingualism of two languages. The aim of this example is to show that the ownership of two languages is not so simple as having two wheels or two eyes.
BILINGUALISM
It is the habitual use of two languages in
the same region or by the same person.
It is the habitual use of two languages in
the same region or by the same person.
Bilingual speaker is he who has a native
control of two or more languages.
Bilingual speaker is he who has a native
control of two or more languages.
BILINGUALISM
According to Yohansem: A bilingual person can be
defined as someone who is able to speak two
languages perfectly.
According to Yohansem: A bilingual person can be
defined as someone who is able to speak two
languages perfectly.
"Bilingual is a person who is able to encode and decode at any level,
linguistic signals from two different languages“
Blanco, A. 1981, p. 51.
"Bilingual is a person who is able to encode and decode at any level,
linguistic signals from two different languages“
Blanco, A. 1981, p. 51.
BILINGUALISM & MULTILINGUALISM
Can be examinated as possession of the individual.
Can be examinated as possession of the individual.
Are normally found in groups.
Are normally found in groups.
Located in a particular region: (E.g. Catalans
in Spain).
Located in a particular region: (E.g. Catalans
in Spain).
Or may be scattered across communities (e.g. Chinese in the
US).
Or may be scattered across communities (e.g. Chinese in the
US).
BILINGUAL ABILITY The Four Language Abilities
Listening Listening
SpeakingSpeakingReading Reading
Writing Writing
BILINGUAL ABILITY Dimensions
Receptive Skills
Receptive Skills
Productive Skills Productive Skills
Oracy Oracy Literacy Literacy
Listening Listening Reading Reading
Speaking Speaking Writing Writing
BILINGUAL ABILITY subdimensions
Oracy Oracy Literacy Literacy
Listening - Speaking Listening - Speaking Reading – Writing Reading – Writing
Pronunciation Pronunciation Vocabulary Vocabulary Grammar Grammar Meaning Meaning
Style Style
BILINGUAL ABILITY A Fifth Language Competence
Language Language
Used for Used for
Thinking Thinking
Someone who is approximately equally fluent in two languages across varios contexts may be termed an equilingual or ambilingual or, more commonly, a Balanced Bilingual.
SEMILINGUALISMSemilingualism is a phenomenon, which relates to underdevelopment of language in individual.
It has been first described in 1920's by Bloomfield,And later defined in 1960's by Hansegard.
Hansegard described semilingualism in terms of deficits in six language competences:
Size of vocabularyIn grammatical correctnessUnconscious processing of language (automatism)Language creation Mastery of the functions of languageMeanings and imagery.
CONVERSATIONAL FLUENCYIt’s when you are capable of having a conversation about normal everyday things with a native speaker at a normal conversational rate of speed-things in the news, sports, buying clothes, making jokes, etc.,
ACADEMIC LANGUAGE COMPETENCEIt is a factor strongly associated with school achievement. This type of language and literacy competence is acquired primarily through exposure to written language, or to oral forms of discourse .
Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills (BICS)
It used in everyday communicative encounters and is described as being more context embedded.
Cognitive/academic Language Proficiency (CALP)
It involves the use of a more context-reduced language associated the more formal aspect of classroom and lecture-type language use which are typical of the learning context.
Cognitive Processes Language ProficiencyCONVERSATIONAL PROFICIENCY
SURFACE
COGNITIVE / ACADEMIC PROFICIENCY
KnowledgeComprehensionApplication
AnalysisSynthesisEvaluation
PronunciationVocabularyGrammar
Semantic MeaningFunctional meaning
INDIVIDUAL’S USE OF BILINGUALISM0It involves the ability of an individual to acquare and use a second language.
An individual’s use the bilingual ability is called Functional Bilingualism, which requires the study of five actions:
Who is the subject?/ who is the speaker?Who is the language target?/ who is the listener?What is the situation? (in the factory, classroom, etc.,)What is the topic a conversation? (sport, work, food)For what purpose?...To what effect?
INDIVIDUAL’S USE OF BILINGUALISMEXAMPLES OF LANGUAGE TARGETS EXAMPLES OF LANGUAGE CONTEXTS
(DOMAINS)
1.- Nuclear Family 1.- Shopping
2.- Extended Family 2.- Visual and Auditory Media (e.g TV, Radio, Recodrs, Cassettes, Cds, Video)
3.- Work Colleagues 3.- Printed Media (Newspapers, Books).
4.- Friends 4.- Cinema/Discos/Theatre/ Concerts
5.- Neighbors 5.- Work
6.-Religious Leaders 6.- Correpondence/ Telephone/ Official Communication.
7.- Teachers 7.- Clubs, Societies, Organizations, Sporting activity.
8.- Presidents, Principals, Other Leaders 8.- Leisure & hobbies
9.- Bureaucrats 9.- Religious Meetings
10.- Local Community 10.- Information technology (e.g Computers)
SOME POTENCIAL ADVANTAGES OF BILINGUALISM
1.- Advantages during communication:a wider communication fieldliteracy in two languages
2. Cultural advantages:deeper multiculturalism bilingual experiencesgreater tolerance towards minoritiesLess inclination towards racism
3.- Development of cognitive abilities:the development of thoughtcreativitysensitivity in communication
SOME POTENCIAL ADVANTAGES OF BILINGUALISM
4.- Personality development:reinforcement of self-esteemself-confidencesecure identity
5.- Advantages in the sphere of education:increased possibilities of receiving a higher educationeasier to learn a third language
6.- Economic advantages:a wider ranger of possibilities on the jobs market