bio medical applications of nanocellulose
DESCRIPTION
BIO MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF NANOCELLULOSETRANSCRIPT
Nanocellulose is a term referring to nano -structured cellulose. It is a lightweight material. It has high-strength & durability. Nanocellulose/CNF or NCC can be prepared from any cellulose source material, but wood pulp is normally used. Nanocellulose is completely renewable. It can also be obtained from native fibers by an acid hydrolysis, giving rise to highly crystalline and rigid, the resulting material is known as nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC).
REFERENCE
CONCLUSION
APPLICATIONS
Divya C S & Saneesh V S, MSc. BIOPOLYMER SCIENCE CENTER FOR BIOPOLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (CBPST), KOCHI
WHY NANOCELLULOSE ?
It improve properties:
‐ Mechanical (strength, modulus and strain)
‐ Thermal stability
‐ Toughness
‐ Barrier
- Optical
Biodegradability
Biocompatibility
Haemocompatibility
• Use renewable raw materials
• Packaging, medical, transport, electronics, etc.
PROPERTIES
These impressive mechanical properties make cellulose nanoparticles ideal candidates for the processing of reinforced polymer composites.
The optical properties of nanocellulose films can be investigated by determining the regular light transmittance with a UV-visible spectrometer.
Films made only from MFC can be optically transparent if the cellulose nanofibers are densely packed, and the interstices between the fibers are small enough to avoid light scattering.
The specific Young's modulus of NC is around 65 J g−1 for microfibrils and 85 J g−1 for nanocrystals.
NCC PROPERTIES:Density -1.5g/cm³Tensile strength -10000 MPaYoung’s modulus – 150 GPaElongation at break -6.7 %
Biomedical applications
Tissue bioscaffolds for cellular culture
Drug excipient and drug delivery
Substitutes/medical biomaterials
-Blood vessel replacement
-Soft tissue–ligament, meniscus, and cartilage replacements
-Nucleus pulposus replacement
Advanced nanomaterials
-Tissue repair, regeneration and healing
-Bone tissue regeneration and healing
Antimicrobial nanomaterials
Optical coatings and sensors
BNC hydrogels
RECENT TRENDS
It is expected that fluorescent modification on nanocellulose enables the potential use in biomedical fields, such as optical bioimaging, biosensor, and photodynamic therapy.
Surface grafting of amino acid molecules can offer biologically active building blocks on nanocellulose, which may contribute to the potential of nanocellulose to be used as a nanocarrier for DNA delivery
The aim of this poster is to demonstrate the current state of research and future development of nanocellulose in the application of biomedicine .
Nanocellulose-based drug carriers are used for synergically medical therapy purposes.
The studies on the development of tissue substitutes and repair biomaterials have made positive progress and is versatile.
“Material from the forest will save the world” – Prof.Paul Gatenholm
o Dufresne A ,Nanocellulose, From nature to
high performance tailored materialsWalter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston (2012)
o http://www.vtnews.vt.edu/articles/2008/11/2008-693.html
o Dufresne A. Nanocellulose: a new ageless bionanomaterial. Mater Today 2013;16:220-7.
TYPES
BIO MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF NANOCELLULOSE
Bioscaffold mainly utilized in bone and cartilage regeneration.Nanocellulose-based biomaterials include hydrogels composites electrospun nanofibres sponges & membranes.BC has low cytotoxicity & high porosity.
DRUG EXCIPIENT AND DRUG DELIVERYIt is used as pharmaceutical excipients to condense drug-loaded matrices as suitable tablets for oral administration. Lin et al. developed a pH-sensitive CNC/sodium alginate microsphere-based controlled release system for drug delivery.
SUBSTITUTES/MEDICAL BIOMATERIALS
Most common treatments to cardiovasculardisease is the coronary bypass graft surgery, which performed to supply blood to the heart tissue with a suitable blood vessel replacement.
Type of Nanocellulose
Synonyms Typical Sources Formation and Average Size
Micro fibrillated Cellulose (MFC)
Nanofibrils and microfibrils, nanofibrillated cellulose
Wood, sugar beet, potato tuber, hemp, flax
Delamination of wood pulp by mechanical pressure before and/or after chemical or enzymatic treatmentDiameter: 5-60nm
Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC)
Cellulose nanocrystals, whiskers, rod-like cellulose microcrystals
Wood, cotton, hemp, flax, wheat straw, mulberry bark, ramie, cellulose from algae and bacteria
Acid hydrolysis of celluloseDiameter: 7-20nmLength: 100-250nm (from plants); 100nm-several micrometers (from algae, bacteria)
Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC)
Microbial cellulose, biocellulose
Low-molecular-weight sugars and alcohols
Bacterial synthesisDiameter: 20-100nm
INTRODUCTION
BACTERIAL CELLULOSE (BC)
NANO CELLULOSE
MICROFIBRILLA
TED CELLULOSE
(MFC)
NANOFIBRILLAR CELLULOSE (NFC)
CELLULOSE NANOFIBRILS
(CNF)
TISSUE BIOSCAFFOLDS FOR CELLULAR CULTURE
BLOOD VESSEL REPLACEMENT
HERNIATED NUCLEO PULPOUS
Promising mechanical properties & good biocompatibilityof nanocellulose promote its R&D as substitute/medical biomaterial.