Bioethanol from Biomass Waste

Isroi (http://isroi.com)

Bioethanol

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Bioethanol

Renewable Environmental friendly Not compete with food and

feed Unblended bioethanol fuel or

Blended with gasoline

C2H5OH + 3 O2 → 2 CO2 + 3 H2O + heat

First Generation Bioethanol

First Generation Bioethanol

Ethanol from sugar (sugarcane, etc) and amylum (starch, casava, corn, etc).

Second Generation Bioethanol

Why lignocellulose?

Why lignocellulose?

Glucose

Starch

Cellulose

Ethanol

Why lignocellulose?

Abundant Renewable Not compete with

food and feet

Oil Palm Waste

Abundant and un-use

Mass Balance in Oil Palm Mill

1 ton FFB 230 kg EFB

Problems and Challenges

Purification Hydrolysis Fermentation

Ethanol

Waste water

Lignocellulose

Pretreatment

Pretreatment of Lignocelullose

Mosier et al. (2005)

Pretreatment: • Mechanical • Physical • Chemical

• Biological • Combination

Pretreatments have as a goal to improve the digestibility of the lignocellulosic biomass (Hendriks and Zeeman, 2008).

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages Disadvantages

• No chemical added • Take more times

• Less energy used • Need more places

• More environmental friendly

Biological pretreatment of EFB by white-rot fungi compared with physical/chemical pretreatment

White-rot Fungi

Enzymes produced by lignocellulytic fungi: • Laccase • Mangan Peroxidase (Mn P) • Lignin Peroxidase (Li P)

White-rot fungi are the only known organisms that, to any extent, mineralize lignin to CO2 and water in pure culture (Gold and Alic, 1993)

Biological Pretreatment

Untreated After pretreatment

Visual Changes of OPEFB after pretreatment

MyDream

EFB ETHANOL

Thank You