BIOLOGY 1102 - FOUNDATIONS OF BIOLOGY Lecture Section 011 MWF 12:00 - 12:50

First Exam, Fall 2010 Friday, 17 September 2010

Name: Lab Section: Signature: Seat # ____________ 1. Remove hats, turn cell phones, Ipods, and other electronics off. 2. Keep books, notes, etc. under your seat, and out of view. 3. On the answer sheet provided, use a #2 pencil to fill in the following information.

Name (last name space first name) in the spaces provided PeopleSoft Student ID in columns A through G Lab section in columns L-M Do NOT mark anything in column K Other than the spaces provided for the answers, all other spaces should be left blank. Your exam won't be graded unless the above information is filled in correctly Use the following information to fill in your correct lab section: Sec. 11 Tu 11:30 - 1:30 Sec. 12 Tu 3:30 - 5:30 Sec. 13 W 9:00 - 11:00 Sec. 14 W 1:00 - 3:00 Sec. 15 Th 9:30 - 11:30 Sec. 16 Th 1:30 - 3:30 Sec. 17 F 9:00 - 11:00 Sec. 18 F 1:00 - 3:00

4. Circle the best response for each question on the exam. Be sure to answer all questions.

Then, use a #2 pencil to fill out the answer sheet with your responses. Answer fill-in-the-blank questions directly in this exam booklet.

5. Please sign your exam booklet before turning it in. Be sure to turn in both the exam booklet and the answer (bubble) sheet.

6. Please be prepared to present a photo ID when you turn in your exam. 7. Exam results: Because there is a hand-graded and scantron portion, it may take a week to get

the exams completely graded. Results will be posted as soon as possible to your HuskyCT pages.

Look over the whole exam before starting so you can budget your time and finish!

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Multiple Choice: 2 points each. Circle the best answer here and fill in your bubble sheet. This portion of the exam will be graded using the bubble sheets only. 1. According to modern science, the Earth formed ______ years ago and the first fossils appeared __________ years ago. a. 15 billion, 6 thousand d. 9 billion, 400 million b. 4.6 billion, 3.5 billion e. 6 thousand, 3 thousand c. 46 million, 9 million 2. Ozone forms when: a. O2 combines with O b. O3 combines with O3 c. O3 combines with O2 d. Chlorofluorocarbons combine with ultraviolet light e. CO2 and O2 combine 3. The Ozone layer protects the Earth from: a. Comets d. Heating up b. Sun's magnetic field e. Too much free Nitrogen c. Ultraviolet radiation 4. Which subatomic particles are always equal in electrically neutral atoms? a. Electrons and neutrons d. Electrons and protons b. Electrons and neutrinos e. None of these c. Neutrons and protons 5. Silicon has an atomic number of 14, how many electrons does it have in its outermost (third) shell?

a. 2 d. 10 b. 4 e. 8 c. 6 6. Isotopes of the same element differ in the number of: a. Electrons d. Electrons and protons b. Neutrons e. Protons and neutrons c. Protons 7. Radioactive elements usually have an excess number of: a. Electrons d. Ions b. Neutrons e. Protons and neutrons c. Protons

8. What is formed when an atom loses or gains an electron? a. New element d. Phosphorylate b. Ion e. Isotope c. Molecule

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9. Cell membranes are characterized by the presence of: a. Amino acids d. Steroid hormones b. Triglycerides e. Phospholipids c. Nucleotides 10. Plants store their excess glucose in the form of __________, while animals store their excess glucose in the form of _______________. a. Glycogen, starch d. Cellulose, glycogen

b. Sucrose, fructose e. Starch, glycogen c. Glycogen, cellulose 11. Which of the following is an example of a simple sugar and your brain's preferred food? a. Sucrose d. Glucose b. Lactose e. Triglycerides c. Sterols 12. Waxes can be found in which of the following structures? a. Bee hive d. Plant cuticles b. Feathers e. All of the above c. Skin 13. When you hyperventilate, you could experience which of the following conditions? a. Decreasing CO2 levels d. Increasing CO2 levels b. Acidic blood e. Respiratory acidosis c. Too little oxygen

14. A small circular piece of DNA that can be passed from one bacterium to another is called: a. Nucleus d. Ribosome

b. Kinesin e. Plasmid c. Nucleoid 15. Alcohols are detoxified in _____________ cells by special endomembranes called _____________. a. Pancreas, lysosomes d. Liver, peroxisomes b. Brain, endoplasmic reticulum e. Stomach, sarcoplasmic reticulum c. Large intestine, golgi bodies 16. Prokaryotic cells: a. Have DNA in nucleoid regions d. Have ribosomes b. Are one-celled e. All of these are correct c. Are very small 17. Life's main energy source is ______ that helps produce life's main energy-carrying molecule that is called _______. a. Sunlight, ATP d. Enzyme, RNA b. Aerobic respiration, carbon e. Carbon, ATP c. ATP, sunlight

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18. In ____________ the solute wants to move, in _____________ the solution wants to move. a. Active transport, passive transport d. Diffusion, osmosis b. Osmosis, diffusion e. None of the above c. Passive transport, active transport 19. When a molecule gives up an electron it is __________. The molecule that accepts the electron is said to be _________. a. Oxidized, reduced d. Reduced, oxidized

b. Dehydrated, hydrolyzed e. Hydrolyzed, dehydrated c. Phosphorylated, oxidized

20. In the light reactions of photosynthesis, how does the P700 molecule replace its lost electrons? a. From forming water b. By dropping to a lower energy shell c. From the P680 molecule d. From NADPH 21. Longer wavelengths of light have more energy than shorter wavelengths of light. a. True b. False 22. What is the final electron acceptor in the light reactions of photosynthesis? a. ATP d. ADP b. H2O e. Cytochrome complex c. NADP+ 23. Movement of a molecule against a concentration gradient is called: a. Simple diffusion d. Easy diffusion b. Passive transport e. Active transport c. Osmosis 24. What color wavelengths of light does Chlorophyll a absorb? a. Blue and green d. Green only b. Red and green e. Blue only c. Blue and red 25. Does the Cytochrome Complex increase or decrease acidity in the Lumen? a. Decrease b. Increase 26. Which of the following processes requires ATP energy? a. Simple diffusion d. Passive transport b. Facilitated diffusion e. Active transport c. Osmosis

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27. Which accessory pigment reflects the most yellow light? a. Chlorophyll a b. Chlorophyll b c. Beta-carotene d. Xanthophylls 28. Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the H+ ion concentration gradient in the lumen during the light reactions of photosynthesis? a. Splitting of H2O to restore electrons to P680 releases H+ ions into the lumen b. H+ ions are used in the stroma to build NADPH c. Cytochrome complex pumps H+ ions into the lumen d. P700 pumps H+ ions after receiving electrons e. All of the above are factors. 29. Photosynthetic plants release oxygen into the air. Where does the oxygen come from? a. Water b. Carbon dioxide c. ATP d. NADP+ e. NADPH 30. Why are enzymes such important biological molecules? a. Make chemical reactions happens millions of times faster b. Can be re-used c. Lower activation energy d. All of the above e. None of the above. Short answer questions: Two points each. Answer these questions here in the exam booklet. Note: some questions have more than one part. Make sure you answer all parts. You can get partial credit for these questions. Write neatly so I can give you credit! 31. Where does the Earth get its interior heat?

From the radioactive decay of elements in the Earth's mantle (Examples: Thorium, Potassium, Uranium)

32. Fill the correct words: ______Photosynthesis_________ is the most important biosynthetic (anabolic) pathway and _____Cellular respiration_________ is the most important Degradative (catabolic) pathway. 33. Two parts: a) What is an ionic bond? One atom give up an electron that another atom accepts. This creates two ions that stick together like the opposite poles of a magnet. b) Give an example of an ionic bond from class. Table salt NaCl

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34. Why can Carbon form four chemical bonds?

Because it has 4 vacancies in its outer electron shell (needs 4 more electrons)

35. Write an overview of Photosynthesis (either one from lecture will do).

12H2O + 6CO2 -------> C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2 36. Two parts: a) Where is vitamin D made in our bodies? __________In our skin_____

b) What two things are needed to make vitamin D? __Sunlight____ and ____Cholesterol__. 37. Why do we store triglycerides (fat) and not carbohydrates? Because fat contains more than twice as much energy as sugars 38. List the three facts that provide evidence for a symbiotic bacterial origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts. a. Both have their own, DNA, RNA, and Ribosomes b. Both have the bacterial genetic code c. Both have circular DNA like bacteria 39. Describe the cell membrane. You can use words, label the diagram below, or both. There is a lipid bilayer composed of phospholipid molecules. The phospholipid molecules are composed of a hydrophilic head that faces outward and two

hydrophobic tails that face inward. 40. What is the difference between Colonial and Multicellular? Cells in a Colonial organism can live separated. Cells in a multicellular organism cannot survive separated from the other cells.

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41. What is the primary reason that DNA is held inside the nucleus in Eukaryotic cells?

To prevent DNA from being damaged by the chemical reactions occurring in the cytoplasm

42. As given in lecture, list the four properties of life. a. Metabolism b. Response to environment c. Growth d. Self-reproduction 43. List the three things an excited electron can do: a) Drop back down and give off energy as heat b) Drop back down and give off energy as Fluorescent light c) Be captured and moved to another molecule. 44. Two parts (circle correct answer): In the light reactions of photosynthesis... a) Does the Cytochrome complex use active or passive transport? b) Does ATP synthase use active or passive transport? 45. Briefly describe what happens during the Dark Reactions of photosynthesis. Dark reactions use ATP energy from the light reactions. Also use Hydrogen and Electrons from NADPH and Carbon from Carbon Dioxide in the air to make sugar molecules, C6H12O6. Photosynthesis / Light Reactions Diagram will not be on OCLF .