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BIOLOGY
30 Nov 2015
Entry Task
Grab your science notebook from the front table. In your notebook… • List at least 3 things you know about cells • If you cannot think of any, look at figure 7-6, p. 196
for ideas.
• Entry Task • Housekeeping • Chapter 7 Essential Question • Section 7.1 (Life is Cellular) • Exit Ticket
Agenda
Housekeeping
Chapter 2 Exam • Study guide • Retake exam Notebooks • Organization
Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function
Chpt 7 Essential Question
How are cell structures adapted to their functions?
p. 188
Chapter 7 Sections
7.1 Life is Cellular • Why is it important to study cells? 7.2 Cell Structure • How do cell structures enable a cell to carry out basic life
processes? 7.3 Cell Transport • How does a cell transport materials across the cell
membrane? 7.4 Homeostasis and Cells • How does a cell maintain homeostasis both within itself
and as part of a multicellular organism?
7.1 Life is Cellular
Learning Objectives
7.1.1 State the cell theory. 7.1.2 Describe how the different types of microscopes work. 7.1.3 Distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Learning Objectives
• p. 190 (Prokaryote) • Frayer Model
Prokaryote
Definition: Facts/Characteristics:
Sentence: Picture:
Discovery of the Cell
Robert Hooke (1665) • Looked at nonliving cork through
early microscope. • Observed tiny empty chambers. • Called the chambers “cells”. Anton van Leeuwenhoek • Looked at living organisms in the human mouth. • Today they are called “bacteria”.
p. 190
Discovery of the Cell
The Cell Theory • The cell discoveries made by
scientists were summarized in the “cell theory”.
• The cell theory states:
- All living things are made up of cells. - Cells are the basic units in living things. - New cells are produced from existing cells.
p. 191
Cork Cells
Exploring the Cell
How do we observe cells? • Microscopes. How do microscopes work? • They use lenses to magnify the image of an object by
focusing light or electrons.
p. 191-192
Exploring the Cell
Compound Light Electron Microscope Microscope
p. 191-192
Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes
• Read p. 193-194 and identify similarities & differences. • The chart does not represent how many there are.
Prokaryote Eukaryote Does NOT enclose genetic material (DNA) within a nucleus
Contains a nucleus, enclosing genetic material (DNA)
Generally simpler and smaller (1-5 µm)
Larger and more complex (10-100 µm)
Contains a cell membrane Contains a cell membrane Within single celled organisms Within multicellular organisms Glides/slides through liquid Glides/slides through liquid (blood) Examples: Bacteria, Virus Examples: Animals, Plants, & Fungi
Exit Ticket
Question: What is the most significant difference between prokaryote and eukaryote cells? Reflection: How will you remember this difference?
BIOLOGY
1 Dec 2015
Entry Task
In your notebook… • List as many cell organelles as you can.
• Entry Task • Housekeeping • Section 7.2 (Cell Structure) • POGIL – Organelles in Eukaryotes • Chapter 2 Exam Review
Agenda
Housekeeping
To be determined
7.2 Cell Structure
Learning Objectives
7.2.1 Describe the structure and function of the cell nucleus. 7.2.2 Describe the role of vacuoles, lysosomes, and cytoskeleton. 7.2.3 Identify the role of ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus in making proteins.
Learning Objectives
• p. 196 (Lysosome, Ribosome, & Chloroplasts) • Frayer Model
Lysosome
Definition: Facts/Characteristics:
Sentence: Picture:
Cell Organization
Cells can be divided into 2 major components: • Nucleus • Cytoplasm = portion of the
cell outside the nucleus
Within the cytoplasm are…
• Organelles (“little organs”) = specialized organs within the cell.
p. 196
Nucleus Lysosome
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleolus Chromatin
Centrioles
Cytoskeleton
Ribosome Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane Mitochondria
Cell Organization
Eukaryotic cell = Factory • Organelles = Specialized machines & assembly lines. Nucleus = Main office • Control center. • Contains DNA. • Contains coded instructions for proteins & other
important molecules. p. 197
Organelles that… Store
Vacuoles & Vesicles = Storage Facility • Stores materials like water, salts, proteins, &
carbohydrates.
p. 198
Organelles that… Clean Up
Lysosome = Cleaning Crew • Breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, & proteins into
small molecules for use by the cell. • Involved in breaking down
organelles that have outlived their usefulness.
p. 198
Nucleus Lysosome
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleolus Chromatin
Centrioles
Cytoskeleton
Ribosome Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane Mitochondria
Organelles that… Support
Cytoskeleton = Steel/Concrete Beams • Helps maintain the cells
shape. • Involved in cell movement. • Made up of 2 principle
protein filaments:
- Microfilaments = flexible framework. - Microtubules = help separate chromosomes during cell division.
p. 199
Nucleus Lysosome
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleolus Chromatin
Centrioles
Cytoskeleton
Ribosome Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane Mitochondria
Organelles that… Build Proteins
Ribosomes = Making Proteins • Produces proteins
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum • Assembles lipid components
of cell membrane Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum • Synthesis of membrane lipids & detoxification of drugs
p. 200-201
Nucleus Lysosome
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleolus Chromatin
Centrioles
Cytoskeleton
Ribosome Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane Mitochondria
Organelles that… Build Proteins
Golgi Apparatus = Customization Shop • Modifies, sorts, & packages proteins and other
materials
p. 200-201
Nucleus Lysosome
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleolus Chromatin
Centrioles
Cytoskeleton
Ribosome Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane Mitochondria
BIOLOGY
2 Dec 2015
Entry Task
Take the last few moments to study. • Be prepared to turn in study guide.
• Entry Task • Chapter 2 Exam Retake • Housekeeping • Section 7.2 (Cell Structure) • POGIL – Organelles in Eukaryotes
Agenda
Chapter 2 Exam
Clear off your desks. Remember this is an exam. • No talking. • Keep your eyes on your own paper. Do not write on the question sheet. When you are finished: • Place the question sheet and your answer sheet on the
front table face down. • Silently read chapter 7 or complete any missing
assignments.
Housekeeping
To be determined
7.2 Cell Structure Continued
Learning Objectives
7.2.4 Describe the function of chloroplasts and mitochondria in the cell. 7.2.5 Describe the function of the cell membrane.
Learning Objectives
• p. 196 (Mitochondria & Hypertonic) • Frayer Model
Mitochondria
Definition: Facts/Characteristics:
Sentence: Picture:
BIOLOGY
3 Dec 2015
Entry Task
To be determined.
• Entry Task • Housekeeping • Section 7.2 (Cell Structure) • Exit Ticket
Agenda
Housekeeping
To be determined
7.3 Cell Transport
Learning Objectives
7.3.1 State the cell theory. 7.3.2 Describe how the different types of microscopes work. 7.3.3 Distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
7.4 Homeostasis and Cells
Learning Objectives
7.4.1 Explain how unicellular organisms maintain homeostasis. 7.4.2 Explain how multicellular organisms maintain homeostasis.