birth & reproductive developmental process
DESCRIPTION
This is a power point on there difference between vertebrates and inverebrates reproduction systemTRANSCRIPT
Birth & Reproductive Developmental ProcessBy: Mylacia Hopkins & Shabria Baylor
Introduction
Did you know that in many types of bony fish they can be born a male, transform into a female, and then convert back to a male. One could also produce sperm and eggs. These are just two of the many interesting facts you will learn from this power point presentation
Reproduction And Development Reproduction and development are integral
factors of life. Multicellular organisms arise through a process that begins with the fertilized egg and ends with a new individual (Chopin).
The fertilized egg undergoes cell divisions to increase the number of cells; simultaneously, the cells produced differentiate into the organs and organs systems of the fully formed organism (Chopin).
Repro. And Development ContinueFertilization is the fusion of the nuclei of the egg
and sperm, and the single cell that results from this fusion is called the fertilized egg or zygote (Chopin).
Each of the gametes are haploid which, contains one- half of the chromosomes
Fertilization restores the diploid number (Chopin).
The egg degrades the cytoplasm and organelles of the sperm; only the chromosomes of the sperm contribute to the fertilized egg (Chopin).
Repro. And Development ContinueGastrulation is the folding in of the cells of
the blastula at a point called the blastoporeEctoderm, mesoderm and endoderm are the
three germ layers from which all cells, tissues and organs develop (Chopin).
Induction is the process during which individual cells are "told" what they are supposed to become (Chopin).
The Difference Between Vertebrates & Invertebrates Vertebrates Invertebrates
Have a backbone
Have a central
system
Internal skeleton
Do not have backbone
Have no internal
skeleton
Have a fluid-filled
hydrostatic skeleton
Reproduction in VertebratesReproduction and development of sexual
characteristics in vertebrates are controlled directly by the hormones produced in the gonads, estrogens, progesterone and testosterone (King).Males brood the eggs until the young hatch
and can swim actively when he expels them into the water ().
In pipe fishes and sea horses the female places her eggs into the males pouch
Some males can reproduce eggs
Vertebrates Cont.Ovoviviparous Fishes
The female retains fertilized eggs in her bodyEmbryo is nourished by yolk sac No nutrient connection between the parent and the
developing embryos (Animal Explore).Viviparous Fishes
The female retains eggs in her ovaryEmbryo is nourished by connection with the mother
(Animal Explore).
Bony FishesSexual Maturity
Fishes become sexually mature at various ages, depending on species. In general, small species begin reproducing at an earlier age than large species (Animal Explore).
Reproductive modesIn most species of bony fishes, sperm and eggs
develop in separate male and female individuals (Animal Explore).
Bony Fish
Bony Fish Cont.There are many factors that may influence bony
fish breedingChanges in the duration of sunlightTemperature changePresence of the opposite sex, currents, tides, moon
stages, and presence of spawning areasReproduction in bony fishes are generally in cycles
Some bony fishes may spawn many times in a yearSome may reproduce once a year until they dieOthers may reproduce only once during their lifetime
More Bony Fish
Reproduction in InvertebratesFlatworms
Production of millions of eggsAssociated with many difficulties in dispersing
the speciesReproductive
Flat worm’s reproduction is asexual because they can divide into 2 halves
Each half grows into a separate organism.They possess both male and female sex organsThe worms practice cross-fertilization
Flat Worm
A Insects Life CycleInsects have two different life cyclesNymphsLarvaThey are different in ways and are alike in
waysMostly all insect go through one of the
two life cycles
Nymph CycleNymphs are insects that hatch out of the egg.Feed off of plants, mostly roots of plants.These insects often eat for many years.Typical nymph insects look exactly like the adult
except there the young.Most nymph that looks like the adult will not have
wings and some will have wings.Nymphs usually shed skinGrow bigger in sizeSome nymphs may come out of the ground and shed
their last layer of skin before actually being a adult
Nymph Insects
Larvae CycleLarva’s eggs hatches into caterpillars or
larva.Larvae eats mostly anything it can find to eat
to get nourishment; this can go on for several years and or several days
Larva looks completely different from the adult
Larva sheds its skin and it becomes a pupa this is the last time they shed their skin
Comparing Fish & InsectsFish InsectsSexuallyCreated by egg and
spermLay eggsSome die after
reproductionSome fishes embryo
occur outside females body
Some fishes embryo occur inside females body
SexuallyCreated by egg and
spermLay eggsSome die after
reproductionSome fishes embryo
occur outside females body
Some fishes embryo occur inside females body
Larvae Insects
Contrasting Fish & InsectsFish InsectsSome fish have live
young Some fish die after
reproductionSome fish reproduce
once in their lifeSome fish reproduce
annuallySome fish reproduce
many times a year
Most of all insect lay eggs
Most insects go through 2 cycles after reproduction
There is simple reproduction
There is complex reproduction
After insect lay their young it take about 7-10 days to them to break out of their egg
ConclusionAs you can see every living thing can
reproduce and repeat for generations and generations. The only difference is how they reproduce. Humans reproduce inside the mother where the sperm enters the egg. In fish they sometimes lay eggs and then the male releases the sperm on them. Last but not least insects which lay eggs and go through two cycles after reproduction. It seems like all the same process but there are many differences.
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