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#403 (462) 4-18 aprili 2017 w. saxalxo moZraoba „samegrelos“ organo fasi 50 TeTri

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E-mail: [email protected]

E-mail: [email protected]

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ilori2 4-18 aprili 2017 weli

TurqeT-evrokavSirs SorisdaZabulobam yovelgvar molodinsgadaaWarba. ankara-briusels erTmaneTsSoris rom karga xania faruli omiaqvT gamocxadebuli aravis ukvirs,magram ukvirs is, rasac dRes aqvsadgili _ Saraze gamotanili lanZRva-gineba. iniciatori am saqmisa, erTisSexedviT ankaraa, magram erTisSexedviT, vinaidan ankara sajarodacxadebs imas, rac gulSi aqvs. aseiyo guSin da guSinwin. ankarisgaRizianeba gamowveulia briuselisqveSqveSuri politikiT, kuluaruli,antiTurquli gadawyvetilebebiT,romlebmac moTminebidan ara martoTurqeTis prezidenti erdoRanigamoiyvana, aramed TurqeTis mTavroba,sruliad TurqeTi.

qveSqveSuri politika briuselisxelweraa, rasac sistematuradmimarTavs ara marto TurqeTis, aramedruseTis, evrokavSiris im wevriqveynebis mimarT, romlebic mTel rigsakiTxebSi (energetika, antirusulisanqciebi, ltolvilebi) ar eTanxmebianbriusels, magaliTad ungreTi.

TurqeTs bevri wyena miayenabriuselma, maT Soris gamudmebulidapirebaa am qveynis evrokavSirSimiRebasTan dakavSirebiT. aTeuliwlebia evrokavSiri hpirdeba TurqeTsgawevrebas, magram bolo momentSigadavadebas acxadebs _ zogierTisakiTxis Seusruleblobis sababiT.briuseli periodulad, saSinaodavalebebs aZlevs TurqeTsSesasruleblad. rodesac muyaiTiSromiT es qveyana davalebas asrulebs,briuseleli maswavlebeli an iwunebsSesrulebul davalebas, an damatebiTaxal davalebas aZlevs mas. esprocedura lamis naxevari saukuneagrZeldeba. am xnis ganmavlobaSievrokavSirSi sxva qveynebi Seiyvanes,maT Soris yofili sabWoTarespublikebi, romlebic verasdrosifiqrebdnen evrokavSirSi Sesvlas anasocirebas, maSin, rodesac TurqeTigaxda asocirebuli wevri.

evrokavSiris politika gasagebia,magram rom ityvian _ daJeJils,gatexili sjobso _ erTxel dasamudamod simarTle unda Tqvas man,iseTi, rogoric Tavis drozesafrangeTis prezidentma sarkozim _TurqeTi verasdros eRirsebaevrokavSiris wevrobas.

briusels afiqrebs 80-milionianimahmadianuri TurqeTis Tavis rigebSimiReba, rac gasakviri ar aris, amitomacigonebs TurqeTisTvis axal davalebebs.briusels ar surs moiSoros TurqeTi.misi mizania _ briuselis zRurblTanmdgomi, mudam karis gaRebis molodinSimyofi TurqeTi da ara moSorebuli,sxvisken gadaxrili, magaliTadruseTisken.

pativmoyvare erdoRanisTvisbriuselis politika miuRebelia dais aqtiurad eZebs sxva gzebs _ sxvebTanurTierTobebs. am Zvel, ukveqronikulSi gadasul ukmayofilebasemateba ankaris mier daniSnulireferendumi, romelmac cvlilebebiunda Seitanos konstituciaSi _saprezidento mmarTvelobis dabrunebissaxiT.

winadadeba, qveynis prezidentis,erdoRanisaa, romlis mizania ZlierierTmmarTvelobis Camoyalibeba.TurqeTis politikuri partiebi,sazogadoeba arcTu gulmxurvaledeTanxmeba prezidentis survils, ramacSesaZloa negatiurad imoqmedosreferendumis Sedegze. erdoRanisTvisTiToeul xmas mniSvneloba aqvs. is damisi xelisuflebis maRalCinosnebimTel TurqeTs arian modebuli damosaxleobas mouwodeben monawileobamiiRos referendumSi. TurqeTismTavrobas arc ucxoeTSi mcxovrebiTanamemamuleebi gamorCa mxedvelobidan.amdenad iq, sadac metnaklebad didiTurquli diasporaa, ministrebi iqnenmivlinebuli _ Sesabamisi mitingebisada Sexvedrebis gasamarTavad.

germania, safrangeTi, holandia,evropis sxva qveynebi erdoRanispropagandis centrSi moeqcnen, magramzogierTma maTganma, magaliTadgermaniam, belgiam, niderlandebma,Turquli diasporis mier gamarTulmitingSi monawileobis misaRebad dasityvis warmosaTqmelad Turqi

ministrebi ar SeuSves, rasac mohyvaaRSfoTebuli erdoRanis gawiwmatebada aRniSnuli qveynebisxelmZRvanelebis lanZRva-gineba,faSistur politikaSi dadanaSaulebada sxva.

evrokavSiris xelmZRvanelobam, ise,rogorc germaniis, holandiis, dagmeserdoRanis avsityvaoba da normalurileqsikisken mouwodes mas. ase daamrigad, Zvel Wrilobas, axalicdaemata, ramac isedac daZabuliurTierToba kidev ufro daZaba.

erdoRanis ganawyenebis kidev erTisafuZveli, gasuli wlis CaSlilisaxelmwifo gadatrialebaa. masSimonawile samxedroebis nawiliTurqeTis teritoriaze arsebul nato-aSS-s samxedro-sahaero bazainjirlikze msaxurobdnen, racTavisTavad uCens eWvs, isedac eWvianTurqeTis prezidents, rom natosa daaSS-sTvis ase Tu ise cnobili iyo amantisaxelmwifoebrivi gadatrialebismzadeba.

swored aqedan gamomdinare ankara-vaSingtons Soris garkveulidaZabuloba Seiqmna, rasac emateba aSS-Si mcxovrebi Turqi feThula giulenisTurqeTisTvis gadacemis moTxovna.oficialuri ankara Tvlis, romCaSlili gadatrialebis moTave isiyo, rasac ar iziarebs aSS-i daankarisgan Sesabamis damadanaSaulebeldokumentacias iTxovs. veWvob, romTurqeTis mier wardgenili masalebisSemdeg, aSS-a giuleni TurqeTsgadasces.

aRniSnul problemebs ltolvilebisTemac emateba. 6 wlis winaT siriisomis dawyebasTan erTad, sirieliltolvilebis didi nakadi miawydaTurqeTs, maT daemataT erayeliltolvilebic. raodenobam TiTqmis 2milions gadaaWarba, rac mZime tvirTaddaawva TurqeTis ekonomikas. xumrobasaqme ar aris karvebSi mcxovrebiltolvilebisTvis minimaluripirobebis Seqmna. ltolvilTagarkveulma nawilma, ukeTesicxovrebisTvis piri evropisken miapyres,riTac udidesi problemebi gaaCinesevrokavSiris qveynebSi, daapirispireswevri saxelmwifoebi erTmaneTs.

ltolvilebiT gamowveuli krizisidResac grZeldeba. erTi wlisganmavlobaSi evrokavSirSi Sesuliltolvilebis raodenobam milionsgadaaWarba da mZime tvirTad daawvamaspinZeli qveynebis ekonomikas.gauaresda kriminogenuri viTareba,gaizarda teroristuli aqtebi da a.S.briuselma sTxova ankarasltolvilebis TurqeTis teritoriazedamagreba, risTvisac sakompensacioTanxasac, 3-5 miliard evros dahpirda.ankara wavida daTmobaze. SeakavaltolvilTa nakadi, magram dapirebulikompensaciis srul pakets vera da vereRirsa, rasac mohyva erdoRanis muqara_ ltolvilebis gaSvebasTandakavSirebiT.

zemomoyvanili sakiTxebis garda sxvamravali, SedarebiT wvrilmanisakiTxicaa, romlebic ankara-briuselisurTierTobebs seriozulad Zabavs daTurqeTis evrokavSirSi miRebas araTuaWianurebs, aramed kiTxvis niSnis qveSayenebs. evrokavSir-nato-aSS-zeukmayofili erdoRani ruseTTanaRdgens urTierTobas _ gauaresebulsrusuli samxedro TviTmfrinavisCamogdebis Sedegad.

ankara bodiSs ixdis da iwyebsintensiur qmedebas ruseTTanmravalmxrivi urTierTobebisaRsadgenad, romelTagan gamosayofiaenergetika da samxedro TanamSromloba.kvlav gaaqtiurda „samxreTis nakadis“Tema anu rusuli gazsadeniT TurqeTisada evrokavSiris qveynebisTvis rusuligazis miwodeba, aqius birTvulieleqtrosadguris mSenebloba,TurqeTis mier rusuliraketsawinaaRmdego sistemis C-400SeZena da sxva.

ruseT-TurqeTis di plomatiisgamarjvebad SeiZleba CaiTvalossamxedro TanamSromloba siriaSi,rasac mohyva TanamSromlobamosalaparakebeli di plomatiurimagidis irgvliv. Seikra kavSirimoskovis, Teiranis da ankaris saxiT,romelmac dasabami misca siriissakiTxSi xelisufleba-opozicias

Soris molaparakebis dawyebasyazaxeTis dedaqalaq astanaSi.marTalia molaparakebaSi aSS-c iRebsmonawileobas, magram dominantebiruseTi-TurqeTi da irani arian.

aris Tu ara es am qveynebisdiplomatiuri gamarjveba? udavod,aris. maT rols axlo aRmosavleTissakiTxebSi vervin daakninebs. siriisomSi CarTviT, ruseTma araTu daibrunamsoflioSi da am regionSi dakarguliprestiJi, aramed gaaormaga kidevac.

ruseT-TurqeTis daaxloebasSeSfoTebiT umzeren evrokavSirsa danatoSi da arvin icis, ras moifiqrebenisini moskov-ankaras SorisurTierTobis gasafuWeblad. dasavleTsaRelvebs moskov-Teiranis kavSirebicda yvelanairad cdilobs misgauaresebas.

am fonze moskov-vaSingtoniskonstruqciuli urTierTobebi arcTumtkiced JRers. vaSingtonma, piradadprezidentma trampma irani nomerpirvel teroristad, mtrad gamoacxadada axali sanqciebiTac „daajildova“.da es maSin, rodesac iranis wvliliterorizmTan brZolaSi fasdaudebelia.trampis administracia ZvelistereotipebiT sargeblobs, racewinaaRmdegeba erTiani ZaliTterorizmis winaaRmdeg brZolas.

vaSington-moskovis samomavlourTierTobebi jerac gaurkvevelia.trampis gamoucdeli gundi swavlobsda ar aris mzad moskovTankonstruqciuli urTierTobebisTvis.yovelive amas arTulebs da xelsuSlis TviT aSS-i agorebuliantitrampuli kampania. masadanaSauleben ruseTisadmi loialuriganwyobisTvis. rogorc Cans, amerikulipolitikuri elita ruseTisgan mudmivimtris xats qmnis.

omis zRvramde miyvanili politikaupirvelesad samxedro-samrewvelokompleqsis interesebs emsaxureba, ise,rogorc gazrdili samxedro biujeti.

evrokavSirSi, natoSi, axloaRmosavleTSi, ukrainaSi SeqniliviTarebidan gamomdinare SeiZlebadabejiTebiT iTqvas, rom msofliomosalodneli seriozuli afeTqebiswinaSe imyofeba. aseT dros nebismiermaqveyanam, epicentrTan axlos mdebarem,yvelaferi unda iRonos TavisgadasarCenad.

erTaderTi qveyana, romelicsxvagvarad fiqrobs, Cvenia. amis mizezimravalia, maT Soris saerTaSorisoarenaze xanmokle yofna, gamoucdeloba,sakuTar Tavze didi warmodgenis qona,sxvisi (aSS-s, evrokavSiris, natos)moimedeoba, daubalansebeli politika.

amierkavkasiaSi mdebare patarasaqarTvelo jer ver iTavisebs, raviTarebaSi, ra mezoblobaSi uwevscxovreba. jerac ver mimxvdara, romor did mezobels Soris (ruseT-TurqeTi) dapirispirebis sagnad kiara, TanamSromlobis xidad unda iyos.zomieri urTierToba orivesTan _politika iqneba Tu ekonomika, vaWrobaTu kultura. wamieri gadaxrac kierTi mimarTulebiT, meoris eWvsaRZravs da aqedan gamomdinare _qmedebas.

25 wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelospolitikam mxolod is moaxerxaTurqeTs Caxuteboda, aqaoda natoswevri qveyana da evrokavSirSi Sesvliskandidatiao da ruseTs lanZRva-ginebaar moaklo. 2008 wels,mSvidobismyofelebic dauxoca dalamis pirispir iaraRiTac ekveTa.Sedegi _ savalalo da mravali wlisganmavlobaSi gamousworebeli.

warsulSi daSvebuli SecdomebidResac meordeba. „saocnebo“xelisufleba dabejiTebiT miuyveba„nacionalebis“ mier amoCemebulevroatlantikur gzas. Tumca es gzaTavis droze, „nacTa“ mier damxobilmaSevardnaZis xelisuflebam gakvala.

„saocnebo“ xelisufleba swored iqyofs Tavs, saidanac safrTxe arismosalodneli. aviRoT Tundac SavizRvis usafrTxoebis Tema. mas Semdeg,rac ruseTma, xruSCovis mier,ukrainisTvis naboZebi yirimi daibruna,gamwarebulma dasavleTma axaliantirusuli kampania aagora. sanqciebicdaawesa ruseTis winaaRmdeg. dasavleTidarwmunebuli iyo, rom ukrainisxelisufleba yirimis naxevarkunZuls

uboZebda samxedro bazebis Sesaqmnelad,magram mosalodnel garigebas ruseTmadaaswro.

Sav zRvaze natos sami wevri qveyanaa_ TurqeTi, rumineTi da bulgareTi.TurqeTis natosadmi damokidebulebisTaobaze zemoT aRvniSne. ukraina dasaqarTvelo Tavgasapnuli etenebiannatos da winadadeba-winadadebazeayrian Tavs am organizacias,mosaxiblad. magaliTad, foTis porticgamodgeba, romelsac saqarTvelosTavdacvis saministro xelgaSliladsTavazobs natos, sanapiro dacvisbazis Sesaqmnelad.

davuSvaT, TurqeTi gavida natodan,ra mohyveba amas? _ montros 1936 wlisxelSekrulebis upirobo dacva, romlismixedviT Savi zRvis arawevri qveynebisgarkveuli zomis xomaldebs, mxolod21 dRiT SeuZliaT am zRvaSi yofna.Tuki es xelSekruleba dResacsruldeba, SesaZloa zereledac ki,TurqeTis natodan gasvlis SemTxvevaSizedmiwevniT mkacrad Sesruldeba.

montros xelSekrulebiT, TurqeTsaqvs bosforisa da dardanelisgasaRebi. da amis iniciatori Tavisdroze sabWoTa kavSiri iyo. maSinmoskovi da ankara mokavSireebi iyvnen.ra viTareba gvaqvs dRes? moskov-ankaras Soris samokavSirourTierTobebis aRdgena. aris Tu araes Cveni xelisuflebis miergasaTvaliswinebeli? pasuximkiTxvelisTvis mimindvia.

da kidev erTi ram. sul axlaxans,arTvinSi saagitaciod CasulmaTurqeTis premier-ministrma ildirimmabaTumSic Semoiara da saaTnaxevrisganmavlobaSi, vaxSmobis drossaqarTvelos premier-ministrkvirikaSvils eWukWuka. Tu raze _farTo sazogadoebisTvis ucnobia.

arTvinSi referendumis CatarebasTandakavSirebiT Casul ildirims, romigive sakiTxi gaeJRerebina baTumSi,gasakviri ar aris, vinaidan aWarasa damTlianad saqarTveloSi mravali Turqicxovrobs da maTi referendumSimonawileoba, raRacas niSnavserdoRanisTvis. ildirimis CamosvlaSisagangaSo araferia, magrambalansisTvis gacilebiT mniSvnelovaniiqneboda, ruseTis premier-ministrisaseTive „ucabadi“ Casvla aWaraSi.ruseTi xom yarsis xelSekrulebisiniciatoria?!

mapatieT fantaziisTvis. vercmedvedevi da verc putini saqarTveloSiver Camovlen, vinaidan diplomatiuriurTierTobebi gawyvetili gvaqvs dalamis ruseTis prezidentis 3gancxadeba, molaparakebis dawyebasTandakavSirebiT ukan amovisviT. arada,TurqeTis gavlenis dasabalansebeliwamali sxva araferia, Tu ara ruseTi,vinaidan sxva _ aSS-i, evrokavSiriswored ruseTis ridiT ver gaakeTebsamas. mcdelobas ar daaklebs, magramsawadels ver miaRwevs, vinaidan ruseTi,samxedro TvalsazrisiT, Zalaa. Zalaski yvela Tavs uxris. asea _ „SiSiSeiqms, siyvarulsa“.

da bolos, erdoRanis erTob„damamSvidebeli“ gancxadeba, romliTacman evropaSi mcxovreb Turqebs mimarTa:„me, mivmarTav Cems Zmebs da debsevropaSi mcxovrebT. dabadeT 5 Svili,sami ki ara _ xuTi. Tqveni qveyana(samSoblo) iq aris, sadac cxovrobT,damagrdiT am teritoriaze;gaafarToveT biznesi, aswavleTSvilebs saukeTeso saswavleblebSi,CasaxldiT karg raionebSi, iareTsaukeTeso avtomanqanebiT. Tqven evropismomavali xarT“.

germaniaSi 4 milioni Turqicxovrobs, aranaklebi evrokavSirissxva wevr qveynebSi. Tu evrokavSiriar daiSleba, risi imedic ar maqvs, 20-30 wlis Semdeg gamahmadianebuli evropaiqiT dauwyebs TurqeTs xvewnas _SemodiTo.

wamiT, mzera Cvens mciremosaxlianqveyanas mivapyroT, sadac mahmadianiccxovrobs, miTumetes Turqi suniticda sxvac. erdoRanis mowodebas aqmacxovrebeli Turqebic gaigeben daSeasruleben kidevac. Sedegi ra iqneba?vifiqroT amaze da ara raRacsisuleleebze, „nac-qocebi“ rom tvinsgviburRaven.

hamlet WipaSvili,politologi

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ilori 34-18 aprili 2017 weli

cbtlfcj!ebtbwmfUjt!jcfsfcjqarTvelebisa da baskebis

naTesaobis problema didi xaniaainteresebs mecnierebas, qarTv-el sazogadoebriobas da aramx-olod maT. baskebis istoria,rogorc sxva zogierTi pataraxalxis istoriaa _ es arisdampyroblebis winaaRmdegganuwyveteli brZolis istoria,Tavisuflebisa da damoukide-blobisTvis mebrZoli xalxisistoria. Tumca “Znelia dai-weros am eris saSinao dasagareo istoria, radgan ar ar-sebobs arc erTi Zveli doku-menti mis Sesaxeb” (r.galopi)

baskebi Tavis Tavs uwodebdnenevskaldunaks (euskaldunak), rac sityv-asityviT niSnavs: “baskurad molaparakexalxi“. baskur enas ewodeba evskara(euskara). baskebi ZiriTadad cxovrobenespaneTSi, safrangeTSi da laTinuramerikaSi. baskebs espaneTSi ukaviaTSemdegi provinciebi: biskaia (mTavariqalaqi bilbao), gipuskoa (mTavariqalaqi san-sebastiani), alava (mTavariqalaqi _ vitoria), Navara (mTavariqalaqi _ pamplona). safrangeTSibaskebiT dasaxlebuli raionebia:laburi, suli, qvemo navara. laTinuramerikaSi baskebi dasaxlebulni arianmontevideosa da argentinaSi, sadacmaT gaxsnili aqvT presa da Tavisierovnuli organizaciebi.

“baskebi evropis uZvelesi xalxia.isini binadrobdnen pireneebSigacilebiT ufro adrindel xanaSi,vidre iq evropelebi damkvidrdebodnen.dRes baskebi dasavleTSi warmoadgenenerTaderT uZveles toms, romelic araris evropelTa modgmisa, baskuri enaerT-erTi araindoevropuli tipis uZve-lesi enaa evropaSi.

baskebs eWiraT farTo teritoriapireneis naxevarkunZulze (rasac mow-mobs am mxaris toponimika), magram is-toriul warsulSi isini Seaviwrovesda miuval mTebSi moamwyvdies.

romaelebma ver moaxerxes baskebisgadagvareba, maSin rodesac romaniza-

cias ver ascdnen danarCeni iberielitomebi dasavleTSi da samudamodSeerivnen laTinTa modgmas. baskebigadaurCnen agreTve evstguTebisa daarabebis laSqrobebs da faqtobrividamoukidebloba SeinarCunes ulmobelda uTanasworo brZolaSi.“ (S. ZiZguri)

espaneli istorikosi l. perikot

garsia wers: “erTaderTi ena, winais-

toriidan gadarCenili, sakvirveleba,

espaneTs rom eboZa neoliTis, da Sesa-

Zloa paleoliTis mier.…ra enaa es

ena? araviTar Zalas ar SeuZlia

evropaSi XX saukunis adamiani gadais-

rolos, vTqvaT, 5 da 10 aTasi wlis

winare xanaSi, daubrunos mas im droin-

deli realobis SegrZneba! sakmarisia

mxolod movusminoT bask glexebs es-

paneTSi, roca isini mRerian TavianT

enaze romelime saxalxo dResaswaulis

dros“.

mecnierebaSi dRemde didi davis

sagania baskebis Tavdapirveli sam-

Soblosa da maTi eTnikuri warmoSobis

sakiTxi. mecnierTa nawili fiqrobs

rom baskebi CrdiloeT afrikidan mo-

suli xalxia, asvee iyvnen iseTi mkvl-

evarebi romlebis baskebs samxreT

amerikidan mosul xalxad miiCnevda,

Tumca am orma versiam dRemde ver

moipova gavrcelebis areali.

zemoT aRniSnuli versiebisgan gan-

sxvavebiT yvelaze didi gavrcelebis

areali hpova baskebis kavkasiidan

wasvlis Teoriam, kerZod ki kavkasiis

iberebisa da dasavleTis iberebis naTe-

saobam.

plinisus umcrosi werda: “espaneTis

iberebi warmoSobiT aziis iberiidan

arian“. frangi a. bodrimoni wignSi

“baskebis istoria”, romelic 145 wlis

winaT gamouciaT parizSi, askvnis, rom

iberielebi pireneis naxevarkunZulze

movidnen kavkasiis iberiidan –

saqarTvelodan da TavianT qveyanas im

qveynis saxeli daarqves (iberia),

saidanac movidneno.

saqarTvelos Sesaxeb jozef smitis

statiaSi naTqvamia, rom SesaZlebelia

baskuric enaTesavebodes qarTuls.

dasaSvebia baskebi eTnikuradac “kavka-

siuri” warmomavlobisa iyvnen. Tu gav-

ixsenebT, rom romaelebi saqarTvelosa

da espaneTsac iberias eZaxdnen, safiqre-

belia, es saerTo warmoSobas miu-

TiTebdes.

baskologi adolf dornigi Tavis

wignSi “iberebi da euskarebi da iberi-

uli civilizaciis misia winaistoriul

epoqaSi“, rodesac baskebis sadaurobis

sakiTxs ixilavs, yuradRebas amaxvilebs

saqarTvelos istoriul adgilebze

“doskuria“-ze anu “isgaur“-ze rom-

lebic warmoadgenen Savi zRvis

navsadgurebs da saidanac a. dorningis

azriT, iberiul tomTa erTi nawili

dasavleTisken wavida. a. dorningi

wers: patara navsadguri sofel is-

gaurSi, romelic amJamad kolxeTis

napirze mdebareobs, uZveles droSi

centralur aziasTan damakavSirebeli

erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani da

cnobili savaWro punqti iyo“.

statiaSi “aqvT Tu ara saerTo war-

moSoba baskur da qarTul enebs?” do-

qtori aranegi wers: “ar SeiZleba yu-

radReba ar miiqcios im faqtma, rom

mravali qarTuli gvari zusti aslia

baskurisa, an piriqiT. magaliTad: eris-

Tavi, lolua, nodia, agreTve mraval-

ricxovani gvari, romelTa daboloebaa

“uri”: xubuluri, inauri, oCiauri, wik-

lauri da sxva… did interess iwveven

toponimikis monacemebi. qarTuli daba

soflebis saxelwodebani gali,

lentexi, xaSuri, gori, mestia da bevri

sxva TiTqos baskeTis rukidan auRiaTo,

an piriqiT, qarTulidan baskurSi

gadautaniaTo”.

viliaslada Tavis romanSi “amala“

miuTiTebs baskeTis an saerTod,

pireneis naxevarkunZulis mTebis, md-

inareebisa da dasaxlebuli punqtebis

analogiur saxelwodebaze kavkasiis

iberiaSi. kidev erTi baskologi m.

fabri wers: “aziidan pirineis naxe-

varkunZulze mosuli iberebi gamoeyvnen

kavkasiis iberebs“

saintereso cnobaa daculi frangi

avtoris filip veirenis wignSi “baske-

bi”, romelic gamovida 1957 wels:

“lingvistebi baskur da kavkasiis

dRevandel cocxal enebs Soris saer-

Tos pouloben, kerZod, fonetikaSi,

sityvebis ZirebSi da gramatikul su-

fiqsebSi. mTeli rigi specialiste-

bisaTvis, rogoric arian prof. r. la-

foni da karl bouda, arsebobs saerTo

euskaro-kavkasiurs Soris, romlis erT-

erTi Sto aris baskuri“. aseve am

mosazrebas iziarebdnen qarTveli enaT-

mecnierebi. qarTvelologia aRiarebs,

rom baskebi qarTvelebis monaTesave

xalxia, xolo baskuri ena miekuTvneba

iberiul-kavkasiuri enebis ojaxs (akad.

arn. Ciqobava).

niko maris hi poTezis mixedviT

iberielebi (baskebis winaprebi)

saqarTvelodan arian wasuli. maTi mi-

gracia dasavleTiT navaraudevia ori

gziT: erTi – zRvaze samxreTiT, mcire

aziisa da xmelTaSua zRvis kunZulebis

mimarTulebiT, meore – CrdiloeTiT

materikze, Savi zRvis Crdilo

sanapiroebze da evropis samxreTiT...

baskTa da qarTvelTa istoriis kvl-

eva ar dawyebula saqarTveloSi am

bolo 100 wlis manZilze, bevrad adre,

jer kidev X saukunis saxelganTqmul

mwignobars ioane mTawmindels, gamoCe-

nili qarTveli literatoris giorgi

mTawmindelis cnobiT (nagulisxmebia

“ioanes da eqvTimes” cxovreba, romelic

1042-44 wlebSia dawerili, – g.m.), eqs-

pedicia mouwyvia espaneTSi gasamgza-

vreblad, raTa moenaxulebina

qarTvelTa naTesavni: “ganizraxa ne-

tarman mamaman Cuenman iovane, raiTa

aRiRos Ze Tvisi da ravdennime mowafeni

da ivltodis spaniad… rameTu asmioda,

viTarmed qarTvelni aramciredni naTe-

savni da erni mkvidr arian mun. da

amis pirisaTvis warvida vidre avi-

dosamde, raiTa mier povos navi, ker-

ZoTa spaniisaTa mimavali, da warvides

mun”.

miuxedavad zemoT moyvanili uamravi

mosazrebisa da istoriuli faqtisa

mecnierebi mainc didxans ver Sejerde-

bian imaze arian Tu ara baskebi da

kavkasiis iberebi erTi eTnikuri war-

momavlobis xalxi.

gamoyenebuli literatura:

1. SoTa ZiZiguri (baskebi daqarTvelebi);

2. ilia tabaRua (baskebi: legendebida faqtebi);

3. gaz. (“lit saqarTvelo”), 14.04.75;4. gaz. (“komunisti) 15.04.75.

Temo saxuria

qbujwdfnvm!rbsUwfm!cj{oftnfofct"

gamoCenili filologi, enaTmecnieri,

qarTuli enis, istoriisa da kulturis

didi qomagi avTandil sixaruliZe,

romelic sami wlis win gardaicvala,

Tavisi wignis `qarTuli enis omonimTa

leqsikonis~ SesavalSi zogadad mi-

moixilavs ra qarTvelur enebs, baton

gia kvaSilavaze

aRfrTovanebiT

wers: `me mas vu-wodeb didq a r T v e l s ,namdvil ma-muliSvils. al-baT, momavalSinobelis premiislaureats.~

riT daimsaxura

batonma giam amg-

vari Sefaseba?

arqeologebma

1908 wels kunZul

kretaze, qalaq

festosTan aR-

moaCines Tixis

disko, romelic

m s o f l i o S i

pirveli beWdviTi

dokumentia.

Tanamedroveo-

bis didma enaTmecnierebma verafriT

SesZles misi gaSifvra. festosis

diskom axlos ar gaikara berZnuli

enis dialeqtebi, kviprosuli, xeTuri,

luviuri, filostimuri, egvipturi,

semituri enebi... amao iyo mecnierTa

Sroma-wvaleba!

mxolod maTematikosma, Cvenma

Tanamemamulem gia kvaSilavam SesZlo

am uZvelesi teqstis wakiTxva megrul-

lazuri enis wyalobiT.

igi eZRvneba qalRmerTs: `ojaxiswyarov, sulo mSobelo, modgmis nenanav,aayvave xuTi Sto mSveni, jiSis siwmin-diT, axliT nirSemosili. erTo ZlieroStov, ojaxis wmindav, Zliero, TauroxuTi Stoisa, mfarvelsxivosano nan-aRmerTo (dedaRmerTo), winamZRolo,xangrZel hyav dedis taZari. mayvavebeloTarxono, naTelo hefestoo (ostatRv-Taebavo), mdnobelo, winamZRolo, gan-wmendisxivosano, dafareT misi mogiz-gize sasaxle, _ Cveno mWedelo, axl-iTmosilo mTvarisnairo~.

gamoCenili amerikeli mecnieri j.

Cedviki Tavis wignSi `mikenuri samyaro~(Tb., 1989 w.) asabuTebs imas, rom dRevan-

deli saberZneTis teritoriaze,

xmelTaSua zRvis kunZulebze,

CrdiloeT afrikis miwebze, pirineis

naxevarkunZulze, wina aziaSi in-

doeTamde berZnebis mosvlamde cx-

ovrobdnen sxva modgmis da sxva enaze

molaparake aborigenebi, romelTa civ-

ilizacia saidanRac mosulma berZnebma

aiTvises da axal simaRleze aiyvanes.

am Tvalsazriss iziareben Taname-

drove evropeli mecnierebi. maTTvis

sakamaTo aRar aris is, rom Sumerebi,

pelazgebi, etruskebi, baskebi, kolx-

iberebi erTi modgmisa da monaTesave

enebze molaparake xalxia.

eWvi ar mepareba imaSi, rom Cveni

Zveli winaprebi zRvaSi CaZirul at-

lantazec cxovrobdnen da albaT, maTi

damsaxurebaa maias tomis gasaocari

civilizacia amerikis kontinentze.

mecxramete saukuneSi gamoCndnen

qarTveli mecenatebi, romelTa qvel-

moqmedebam didi roli Seasrula

saqarTvelos, qarTveli eris winsvlaSi.

erTi magaliTic sakmarisia: arc Tu

ise mdidarma moWidave kula gldanelma

axalgazrda vaJa-fSavela daafinansa

da peterburgs saswavleblad gagzav-

na!

qarTvelo biznesmenebo! imedi maqvs

Tqvenc gaagrZelebT winaparTa tradi-

ciebs, daafinansebT gia kvaSilavas

evropaSi gamgzavrebas, raTa monaw-

ileoba miiRos samecniero konferen-

ciebSi.

dae, Cvenma mter-moyvarem yvelam gai-

gos, rom Zveli kolxeTi aris sakaco-

brio civilizaciis nanaRmerTi!

RmerTi gwyalobdeT!

Tengiz kublaSvili


(gagrZeleba wina nomridan)nikita akuratulad eswreboda

mecadineobebs, ismenda leqciebs, magramkonspeqtebs ar iwerda. win gadafur-cluli rveuli edo, TavSi ki sakuTarbedze zrunvis garda sxva azri argaaCnda. mas ar esmoda, Tu ras la-parakobda leqtori da gamomcdelisTvaliT umzerda Tanakurselebs. masezizReboda isini. mas undoda yvelazeamaRleba: an Tavad amaRlebuliyo, ansxvebi daemdablebina. misTvis sulerTi iyo: oRond sxvebze maRlamdgariyo.

“yvelani gaiZverebi arian, _ fiqrob-da nikita, _ karieristebi, Casafrebulimtrebi, movidnen akademiaSi, raTaaraferi akeTon da sasurveli droisdadgomamde Seinaxon Tavi.”

memuarebSic igi ase Cawers: “akademi-aSi bevri xalxi moewyo, romlTac di-dad ar epitnavebodaT swavla, magramSeqmnili politikuri mdgomareobisgamo iyvnen mikedlebuli saswavlebelsda droebiT datovebuli hqondaTsameurneo, partiuli Tu profesiulimoRvaweobis fronti. amitomac miZvre-bodnen isini sxvadasxva saswavlebleb-Si. am mxriv, samrewvelo akademiafriad moxerxebuli TavSesafari gaxl-daT, radgan msmenelebs hqondaT sak-maod maRali stipendia, arc Tu urigosasadilo da keTilmowyobili saerTosacxovrebeli. TiToeuls Tavisi oTaxihqonda, zogierTi jibidan gavardnilimeurne ki ori oTaxis miRebas axerxebdada iq ojaxTan erTad cxovrobda.”

_ amxanago, Tqven ratom ar adgenTkonspeqts? _ hkiTxa nikitas maswavle-belma.

es SekiTxva imdenad moulodneligaxldaT, rom nikita daibna, TavsaqeT-iqiT atrialebda da ar icoda raepasuxna.

_ Tqven gekiTxebiT, amxanago xruS-Cov? _ Tqva maswavlebelma, _ imdenadgarTuli zixarT leqciaze, rom mindagkiTxoT, xels xom ar giSliT?

nikitamde rogorc iqna davida, romSekiTxva mas exeboda da erTi pirobaisic ki moeCvena, rom maswavlebelimis faseul azrebs Caswvda. garkveulidro dabneuli idga Cumad, Semdeg ki,misda moulodnelad, afeTqda.

_ ara, iyvira man, _ Tqven me xelsar miSliT, ai, me ki xels giSliT. memeSaxte var, muSa kaci. Tqven leqciaskiTxulobT da erTi sityviTac argixsenebiaT partiis brZolis Taobazememarjvene uklonistebTan. Tqvenbuxarineli xarT!

es gaxldaT xruSCovis pirveliTavdasxma, roca man Tavisi sruliadusafuZvlo da absurduli braldebiTreti daasxa adamians. momavalSi ammeTods igi gamoiyenebs berias, Jukovis,molotovis winaaRmdeg.

magram es iqneba mogvianebiT, axlaki igi tkbeboda imiT, Tu ra gavlena

iqonia misma braldebam gaxevebulmaswavlebelze.

_ Tqven, amxanago xruSCovo, ar gaqvTamgvari SeniSvnis gakeTebis ufleba, _Tqva maswavlebelma, _ jer erTi, meTqvenTvis araviTari sababi ar momicia,meorec, partiul sakiTxebze diskusiebiunda kamarToT partiul krebebze daara gakveTilebis Catarebis dros.

am SeniSvnas nikita ar auRelvebia._ es Tqven fiqrobT ase, _ Tqva man,

_ partia ki sxvagvarad fiqrobs.es gaxldaT daufaravi SantaJi. xr-

uSCovs elementaruli warmodgenac kiar hqonda imaze, Tu ras fiqrobs par-tia, magram undoda Seeqmna imis iluzia,rom kargad erkveva politikis sak-iTxebSi da icis, Tu ra xdeba iq, ze-moT.

magram msmenelebma maswavlebelsdauWires mxari da Seecadnen aexsnaTnikitasaTvis, rom ar SeiZleba swavlisaRreva arc memarjvene da arc memar-cxene, an sxva romelime uklonizmTan.swavla aris swavla da, saerTod, yve-lafers Tavisi dro da adgili aqvs.magram nikita jiutad mainc Tavisazeidga da arafris mosmena ar undoda.igi moxarulic ki iyo, rom TavisgamoCenisa da am “pirwavardnilmewarmeTa” damcirebis SesaZleblobamieca”.

_ Tqven aq yvelani buxarinelebi darikovelebi xarT, _ gahyviroda igi. _Tqven winaaRmdegi xarT partiis xazisda stalinis ideebisa.

ukanaskneli fraza Sorsmdebaremiznisaken iyo gasrolili. akademiaSiswavlobda stalinis meuRle nadeJdaalilueva, da igi xruSCovis mier gaTa-maSebuli am scenis mowme Seiqna. “igiaucileblad mouTxrobs stalinsakademiis Taobaze, _ fiqrobda nikita,_ da aucileblad axsenebs Cems gvars.stalini Seityobs Cemi arsebobisSesaxeb...”

_ me amas ase ar davtoveb, _agrZelebda muqaras xruSCovi da nade-Jda sergeis asuls misCereboda, _Tqven akademiaSi saswavleblad ki armoxvediT, aqaurobas Tavi SeafareT,raTa samuSao adgilebze Tqveni WeS-mariti miznebis Taobaze araferi Seety-oT. _ akademia TqvenTvis Sirmaa _ aqkargad ikvebebiT, SesaniSnavi saerTosacxovrebeli gaqvT, magram me, Tqven...

nikitas sunTqva uWirda, magram maincbevrs da xmamaRla laparakobda, mar-Talia, misi saubridan azris gamotanaSeuZlebeli iyo, magram nikitas erTiram aRelvebda: mis saubars ismensnadeJda alilueva, romelic yvelafersmouyveba stalins. es gaxldaT nikitassiTamamis safuZveli. Tanakurselebida pedagogi mas sakmaod SiSmoreuligaocebiT umzerdnen, radgan aravinicoda, ras moimoqmedebda igi.

magram male isini darwmundnen, romxruSCovisagan mosalodnelia yve-laferi da igi yovelgvar sisaZaglezewamsvlelia.

akademiaSi emzadebodnen partiulikrebisaTvis, sadac unda aerCiaTraionuli konferenciis delegatebi.xruSCovi sityviT gamosvlisaTvisemzadeboda. magram moxda gauTval-iswinebeli ram. krebis winadRes igimiiwvia partbiuros mdivanma lavoCkinmada SesTavaza, rom wasuliyo kolmeur-neobaSi, romelzec akademias Sefobahqonda nakisri.

_ xalxTan iqonie kavSiri, _ uTxralavoCkinma, _ mere Cvenc vnaxavT, riTiSevZlebT maT daxmarebas.

xruSCovi gaaxara amgvarma davalebam.“uCemod ar SeuZliaT, _ gaifiqra man,_ Cemi izolireba ver moaxerxes”.

magram, roca mivlinebidan dabrunda,

nikita mixvda, rom mas gverdi auares.mis iq aryofnaSi gaimarTa partiulikreba, sadac airCies baumanis raionulikonferenciis delegatebi. arCeulTaSoris iyvnen stalini, buxarini, rikovi...xruSCovi beds Seurigda, radgan sxvagza mas ar hqonda.

mivlinebidan dabrunebis meore dResmas daureka “pravdis” mTavarma redaq-torma mexlisma da sTxova, rom xelimoewera erTi patara werilisaTvis.Tu xruSCovs verwmunebiT, igi didxansuarobda im mizeziT, rom es weriliCemi dawerili ar ariso, magram bolosdaTanxmda.

axla Tavad xruSCovs movusminoT:“meore dRes “pravda” gamovida,

romelSic Cemi korespondencia iyogamoqveynebuli. es iyo mexis gavardnamowmendil caze. samrewvelo akademiaafuTfuTda, CaiSala mecadineobebi,yvela partjgufi krebis CatarebasiTxovda. partbiuros mdivani lavoCkiniiZulebuli gaxda Caetarebina es kre-bebi.

partiuli organizacia Suaze gaixli-Ca. samrewvelo akademiaSi swavlobdnenapolitikuri adamianebi, romelTaganzogierTs friad saeWvo reputaciahqonda. zogierT maTgans me vicnobdi_ Cvenebi iyvnen, doneckidan. modiodnenda mekiTxebodnen: “ratom urev situa-cias?”, “ra ginda?”. me vpasuxobdi: “mis-mine, Sen xom warmodgena ar gagaCnia,Tu vin arian “memarcxeneebi” da “memar-jveneebi?”.

es kreba yvelaze STambeWdavi iyo.swored iq amirCies me prezidiumSi dagavxdi krebis Tavmjdomare... kreba das-rulda imiT, rom ukan gamoixmes kon-ferenciis yvela delegati: buxarini,rikovi... yvelani, garda stalinisa.amis Semdeg airCies axali delegatebi,maT Soris mec.

me amirCies (ar maxsovs, rogori um-ravlesobiT) biuroSi da partiuliorganizaciis mdivnad. swored maSingavSaleT aqtiuri fronti “memarjvene-Ta” winaaRmdeg. moskovSi xmebi dairxa,rom samrewvelo akademiaSi dididapirispirebaa”

ratom daureka mexlisma xruSCovs?visgan da ra Seityo man xruSCovisTaobaze? gvaqvs seriozuli varaudi,rom mexlisamde informacia miitaneskaganoviCma da stalinis meuRlem.pirveli _ misi mfarveli iyo, meoreki uSualod eswreboda akademiaSi,mecadineobisas, xruSCovis galaSqrebas“memarjveneTa” winaaRmdeg. naTelia,rom swored “pravdaSi” gamoqveynebuliinformaciis Semdeg Seudga nikitaakademiaSi aqtiur partiul moR-vaweobas. nikitas Tavbru daaxvia mismaarCevam akademiis partbiuros mdivnad.igi uswordeboda yvelas, vinc dascin-oda da misi kandidaturis winaaRmdeggamodioda.

_ romelia Tqveni xazi? _ hkiTxa manakademiis msmenel paxarovs, partiiswevrs 1903 wlidan. akademiaSi Caricx-vamde paxarovi iyo iuzovskis qarxnisdireqtori da, bunebrivia, da nikitamas mxolod Soridan Tu xedavda.paxarovi ki, ubralod, nikitas ver am-Cnevda.

_ ratom xar Cumad? _ utevda nikitada Tan stalinis meuRles uyurebda. _me vici, ratomac xar Cumad. Sen memar-jvene xar.

_ aseTi daskvnis ra safuZveli gagaC-nia? _ SeekiTxa braldebuli.

_ yovelnairi safuZveli gamaCnia, _RimiliT uTxra nikitam, _ magram amisSesaxeb jer arafers getyvi.

es gaxldaT daufaravi SantaJi. amsaubris Semdeg paxarovi didi xaniver moego gons da mxolod imaze

fiqrobda, Tu rodis, sad da ra mi-hqara.

ocdaaT welze meti xnis Semdeg xr-uSCovi sindisis qenjnis gareSe ixseneb-da, Tu rogor gauswora angariSiakademiis msmenel makarovs, partiiswevrs 1905 wlidan. “mas (makarovi), _werda nikita sergeis Ze, _ oficialu-rad arasodes ganucxadebia, rom mxarsuWerda “memarjveneebs”, magram faqtia,rom “memarjveneTa” mxares idga damaT sawinaaRmdegod arasdros araferiuTqvams. rogorc Cans, igi saidumlodmoelaparaka “memarjveneebs”, rom Riadgaakritikebda xolme, magram faqtiuradopoziciaSi darCeboda. iTvleboda,rom igi mxars uWers partiis gener-alur xazs, Tavisi moRvaweobiT kiaZlierebda uglanovis, buxarinis, riko-vis jgufebs”.

axla SegviZlia warmovidginoT, Turisi gadatana mouxda makarovs. masarasdros gadauxvevia partiis gener-aluri xazidan, nikita ki mas bralssdebda “memarjveneebTan” aliansSi. masarasdros uwarmoebia molaparakebebimemarjveneebTan, nikita ki sworedmemarjveneebTan molaparakebebSi sdebdabrals.

_ Sen cbieri adamiani xar, _ akeTebdadaskvnas xruSCovi, _ magram me Sengamxile: Sen buxarineli xar!

mxolod nikitas mier gamoTqmulieWvis safuZvelze makarovi garicxespartiis rigebidan da daiTxovesakademiidan.

_ raRac saeWvod dagirbis TvalebiaqeT-iqeT, _ eubneboda xruSCoviakademiis msmenels, _ aSkaraa, rom Senrikoveli xar. me ver gamacureb. yve-lafers Sens TvalebSi vkiTxulob.Sen memarjvene xar.

mogvianebiT, roca nikita ganacxadebspirovnebis kultis Taobaze, “TvalebisaqeT-iqiT sirbilis” braldebas igistalins wauyenebs.

swored akademiaSi Camoayaliba xr-uSCovma ZiriTadi strategiuli iaraRi,rasac mTeli sicocxlis ganmavlobaSiefeqturad iyenebda _ SantaJi, sicrue,ciliswameba...

ai, akademis erT-erTi msmenelis axs-na-ganmartebiTi baraTi, romelsac niki-tam brali dasdo opoziciur saqmi-anobaSi: “xruSCovis mier gavrcelebulixmebis sapirispirod vacxadeb, romsafeiqro fabrikaSi araviTar fraqci-ul samianobas ar vewevi, Cemi Zma,romelTanac mudmivi kavSiri maqvs, ariyo mefis armiis oficeri da yvela esfaqti gaxlavT TiTidan gamowoviliTavxeduri sicrue”.

arsebobs imis varaudi, rom nikitasgaacnes es axsna-ganmarteba. viciT ra,Tu risi mkadrebeli gaxldaT nikita,warmogvidgenia rogori saubari Sedge-boda maT Soris. ueWvelia, rom nikitaTavisaze idga jiutad, msmeneli kiTavis udanaSaulobas amtkicebda.

_ Sen mogiwevs imis damtkiceba, romopozicioneri ara xar da kavSiri argagaCnia Sens TeTrgvardiel ZmasTan.

_ da es rogor unda gavakeTo? _SeekiTxa nikitas mier fraqcioneraddaRdasmuli msmeneli. _ es xom igive,vamtkico, rom aqlemi ara var.

_ verafers getyvi imis Taobaze, Turogor unda daamtkico, rom aqlemiara xar, _ uTxra nikitam, _ magrampartiis gezs Sen mxars ar ubam.

xruSCovis gadarwmuneba SeuZlebeliiyo. mas sakuTari logika da SefasebebigaaCnda. “ori Tvea, Tqveni wnexis qveSvimyofebi, _ pirdapir ucxadebda masmorigi msxverpli-msmeneli, _ ra gindaTCemgan?”

Targmani roland jalaRaniasi,(gagrZeleba iqneba)

mbwsfouj!cfsjb _ sabWoTa kavSiris cildawamebuli gmiri


poeziis kuTxe

iro ordaT jimaluro

iro ordaT jimaluro,samargaloS skualef.arTiansu RalatiTu,velvuosofaT fsualefi.Cqi garTali mu miRuna-arTi didaS namravlefsu.arTi zisxir dilamdguna,gurulefs do margalefsi.Sonef do afxazefiCqini jveSi jima rena.Cqin maTxilar arwivefogvalaS wvandis gimarenaraWvelef do imerlefimimagrena xasilasu.xandena do RiRinunavoru dila vadilasu.misiT Cqini akorRvafaSur do guriT okodasu.saqorTuoS ter goxolu,ocadu Cqini akorTasu.iro vordaT, jgiro vordaTarTo akoSayareli.dRasi vekobcimedaT,oi, Suri sayvareli!

Cqimi skvami odabadeCqimi jima maxaria,Te qianas sodga varde.dRasi veSiWyolidua-skani skvami odabade.samargalo margaliSoT,kunTx goxolu uskvamaSi.TiS ioskiladaro,vecadaT ser do dRaSi.Cqimi jveSi istoria,jgiro va re gurafili.egvipteSe Te qianas,voreT Cqi mowurafili.Cqinde iWyafu qorTuefiS,sawmoxono gvar do jiSi.muS makiTxe mencars eluorqoS tyebi kiribiSi.ariane, herodoteCqin qveS rinas amtkicenaarZas woxole Cqi nomRvenadixa, nina, qristeS rwmena.samargalo gvale Sxva re,Sxva Sur anTxans Taqianvardebs...dRasi veSiWyolidua,skani skvami odabade.

givi Zvelaia,abaSa

Cemo nacrisferosamegrelov

Cemo nacrisfero samegrelov, _ Cemo RvTaebrivo sulo!gaCenis dRidan jildod gergo camgloviare,cremlis mdinared _ jumi, fazisi.tyis qaTamiviT laqaSebis gergologinida nebze gizis, rogorc miminoSeni warsuli.cxenis fafarSi gamokruli gqondaqariviTSvidi abragis Svidi igavi.sisxliT, naRveliT SegiRebes caCalisferi,xmliT aCexes medeas vardi,viT kolxeTis macduri suli da lerwmis welze Semogartyeskvlav morCileba.gamogayara Waobad... xaSmad...gauTavebel wvimebad... mwuxrad...Romis yanebad, balaxebad, tyisfrinvelebad,mdinareebad, tbebad, cixe-simagree-bad,cisartyelebad, simRerebad, mwvanexeebad,Zroxis jogebad, cxenTa remad,futkrebis qorod,oqros sawmisad, abragebad, mam-luqebadoCokoCebad, marekebad, metiveebad,kariskacebad, alqajebad, RvTismsaxurebad _ im Soreuli warsulis dilam.Cemo nacrisfero samegrelov, _ Cemo Tolige,gamodi tyidan, Walebidan, laqaSe-bidan...Riaa sivrce,gzad SiSveli ekali yria,ar dagekawros wengosferi sxeuli,sulo!

geno kalandia

1997 wlis ivlisis dasawyisSi damirekaCemma siZem: vaso calanma SemogiTvala,amovides da Tavisi manqana Caibaroso!

_ rogor! Cemi manqana isev masTanaa?! _kinaRam mTeli xmiT viyvire am moulod-nelobiT gakvirvebulma (sxvaTaSoris, sxve-bic Znelad ijerebdnen Cems monayols).

_ diax, mec gamikvirda. didi xania,geZebs. rogorc iqna, me damikavSirdada esaa, Sen gacnobe.

gavogndi, yurebs ar vujerebdi. imxeobaSi, romelic namdvil jojoxeTadeqca afxazeTidan devnilebs, aseTi ram,nuTu, SesaZlebeli iyo?!.

...1993 wlis 24 seqtemberi, soxumSigaCereba SeuZlebelia... aeroportiskengavwieT, magram axlos ver mivediT,iqaurobac ibombeboda. sofel fSafSimegobars _ revaz absavas SevafareTTavi...

gaTenda 25 seqtemberi, araviTariimedi, irgvliv sisxlisa da sikvdilissuni trialebda. dranda gadaketiliiyo. erTaderTi gza gvrCeboda samSvi-dobos gasaRwevad _ dalis xeoba. na-SuadRevs Jigulis markis ori manqaniT12-mde devnili daviZariT fSafidan.

dalis xeobis bolo sofeli _ sakeni.ukve sibnele wveba xeobaSi. gzis piras,xelmarcxniv, ori mamakaci saubrobs.mivesalme da vkiTxe _ kidev sadamdeSeiZleba am manqanebiT viaroT-meTqi.saTvalianma, simpatiurma WaRara kacma,saxiT gzisken rom idga, mipasuxa: sofe-li aq mTavrdeba, gza cudia, Sors verwaxvalT, vxedav, bavSvebi da qalebicgaxlavT Tan, Rames Ria cisqveS xom argaatarebT, aq mTaa, ukve civa, codvebixarT, didi saxli maqvs, yvelani dav-eteviT, CemTan gaaTieTo Rame. gulwr-felma mipatiJebam gaWra...

_ vaso calani _ ase gagvecnomaspinZeli, gagvacno ojaxi, Cvenc gave-caniT... didebulad gvavaxSmes. sufrasTanbatonma vasom Rrma gulistkiviligamoTqva momxdaris gamo. qarTvelebsada afxazebs Soris es ar unda momx-dariyo, ra gvaqvs gasayofi, rogor vergavTvaleT Sedegi, momavali mwaredgangvikiTxavso orives. augad ki aravinuxsenebia.

navaxSmevs batoni vasos meuRleCvenTvis saxvaliod sagzlis momzadebasSeudga, qaliSvilma ki meore sarTulisoTaxebSi mogvaTavsa yvelani da mSvidiZili gvisurva.

26 seqtembris SuadRisaTvis mzadviyaviT gasamgzavreblad. vxedav, batonivasoc gamoewyo: Wuberamde Soria, adgiliTqvenTvis ucnobia, Tanac ukacrieli,ar minda Cemi ojaxidan gasulebi raimeusiamovnebas gadaeyaroTo. es ki Cveule-briv maspinZlobas scildeboda!

zustad 18 saaTze saken-Wuberis uRel-texilis gadasasvlelze viyaviT. gzazemSvidad viareT, aravin Segvxvedria.gzis naxevarze meti gavlili gvqonda.maspinZels vTxoveT, gabrunebuliyo.darwmunebuli, rom gza uxifaToa, dagve-Tanxma. madloba movaxseneT da dav-emSvidobeT. manac keTili mgzavrobagvisurva, me da jemal vaxanias kigviTxra _ manqanebs uTqvenod aravisgavatano. simarTle giTxraT, es maSinnaklebad gvaRelvebda. manqanebis gzazedatoveba mogviwevda mainc...

daveSviT daRmarTze. aqa-iq gvxvde-bodnen tvirTiani svanebi, Ramdeboda,Sin eCqarebodaT, gvebodiSebodnenmoridebiT, rom verafriT gvSvelodnen.male gzis piras koconi gavaCaReT davivaxSmeT. sagzali mosalodnelze uxviaRmoCnda: Sin gamomcxvari purebi, xaWa-purebi, kubdarebi, yveli, moxarSulikartofili, arayic ki...

gaTenebulze, raRac naxevar saaTSi,WuberSi viyaviT, iqidan _ xaiSi _ zug-didi da... cxovreba Tavisi gziT wamdi-narda...

momdevno wlis ivlisSi jemal vaxaniammamcno _ Camoviyvaneo manqana, Tanacdaumata: vasos ezo da mimdebare teri-toria gadavsebulia manqanebiT, is kimouTmenlad eliso maT patronebs. rocagavige, Tu ramdeni jdeba satvirTosdaqiraveba msubuqi manqanis gadmosay-vanad, imJamad amas ver SevZlebdi. kideverTi wlis Semdeg, sulo codvilo, vi-

fiqre, manqana awi mainc ar damxvdeba-meTqi. ukve gamoviglove soxumSi gatare-buli 27 saukeTeso weli Cemi cxovrebisa,imasTan SedarebiT, rac iq davtove,Jiguli ra saxsenebeli iyo da SedarebiTadvilad Sevelie, sabolood Caviqniexeli...

...siZis zarma ki Zalian amaforiaqa.aseT gagrZelebas namdvilad ar velodi.amjerad mtkiced gadavwyvite sakensgamgzavreba da ara mxolod manqanisgamo (mendeT gulwrfelobaSi, Cems md-gomareobaSi myofisTvis manqanagarkveuli materialuri faseulobagaxldaT, magram, vimeoreb, es ar iyomTavari. unda menaxa kaci, romelmacsruliad ucnob pirovnebas 4 weli Seu-naxa is).

meore dResve davukavSirdi baton je-mal rafavas (afx. a/r S/s maSindel min-istrs (samwuxarod, dRes is cocxaliaraa, netarxseneba mas!) da misixelSewyobiT davadeqi gzas sakenisaken.gaixares calanebma, dakarguli sisxlis-mieri axlobeli swveodeT TiTqos...

ezoSi samiode manqana idga mxolod.batoni vaso mimixvda fiqrs da meubneba:mTeli ezo da mimdebare teritoriasavse iyo, 50-mde sxvadasxva markismanqana idga. vidre devnilTa ukanasknel-ma nakadma ar amoiara xeoba, dRe daRame vdarajobdiT. 1994 wlis gazafx-ul-zafxulSi blomad waiyvanes mflo-belebma TavianTi manqanebi, magram maincdarCa TiTqmis naxevari. zogis patronsvicnobdi, zogisasi ki mxolod saxelida gvari vicodi, miuxedavad amisa,movaxerxe da, am samis garda, yveladavubrune patronebs. axla am orisasveZeb. aq batonma vasom eSmakurad Caic-ina, TiTqos mimixvdao wlebis winandeldaeWvebas da ganagrZo: iqneb, isinicTqvensaviT fiqroben: albaT, aRardagvxvdebao awi Cveni manqanebi. esecveRar jdeboda Cveulebrivi maspinZlobisfarglebSi! xolo, roca Cemi mokrZale-buli mosakiTxi gamovaCine, gulwrfeladiwyina _ Se, kaco, mobarebulisSenaxvisaTvis safasuri rogor gada-gaxdevino, xom momeWra Tavi sircxvil-isgano. amasobaSi mis vaJebs xbogaetyavebinaT da ojaxisaTvis Cveulisanaqebo pur-marili gaiSala. maspinZelmamezoblebic dapatiJa, mec aJaridan amo-suli ori axlobeli maxlda, sufrasmivusxediT. kargi kaxuri Rvino mqondaTan waRebuli. Rvino Tqvenia da Tqvenveunda iTamadoTo _ ganacxada ojaxisufrosma. raki pirvelad ar viyavi amojaxSi da Tanac kargad vicnobdisufris wayvanis svanur wess, miviRe Se-moTavazeba. Zalian amaRlebuli ganwyobadagveufla yvelas, sadRegrZeloebi xal-isiT ismeboda. rodesac dalis xeobissadRegrZelo aviRe, TiTqos raRac eCoTi-rao, sityva maspinZelma iTxova:

_ me ar mogawyenT Tavs am xeobis is-toriis moyoliT, vityvi mxolod, romigi erTi Cveulebrivi, uflisagan sila-maziT uxvad dajildoebuli xeobaTa-gania, cota mkacri, rogorc yvela mTisxeoba. sadamdec Cemi mexsiereba swvdeba,es kuTxe damSvenebuli iyo mSvidi, pa-tiosani da gamrje adamianebiT. saucxoomezobloba da Tanadgoma icodnen. mecaq davibade, aq gavizarde, aqve davojax-di, Cemi Svilebic aq dafrTiandnen.bunebrivia, mec miyvars Cemi mSobliurikuTxe. bolo dros es myudro da mSvi-dobiani xeoba airia. omma moitana esubedureba, omma da sisxlma, Tumca, racmoxda, imis gamarTleba arafriT arSeiZleba! zogierTma xeobelma, vinc vergauZlo cdunebas, isargebla bedisaganganwiruli adamianebis umweobiT (TiTqosis ar eyofodaT im ubedurebs, saxezediacis windebCamocmuli usindiso mezo-beli rom ayaCaRebda, aqaoda, mainc xeo-belebs dabraldebao) da imis magivrad,sasowarkveTili moZmeebisaTvis daxmare-bis xeli gaewodebina, Seircxvina Tavi,Seuracxyo ojaxi da lafSi amosvaraxeobis patiosneba. amaze didi ubedurebaraRa unda iyos! Cemi sayvareli kuTxesastikad Sercxvenilia. riT Camovirecx-avT am sircxvils? an ra SegvarigebsqarTvelebsa da afxazebs? ra vuTxraTCvens winaprebs, roca amqveynidan wavalT?

_ TiTqos sityvebs gulic amoayolao,frazebs sveneb_svenebiT ambobda, erTx-elac ar Semouxedavs CvenTvis, mzerasgvaridebda, ukeTurTa mier Cadenilisgamo gvebodiSeboda es didebulipirovneba da xeobis sindis-namusissarangi, xevisberis doneze mdgomi WeS-mariti mamuliSvili. aSkarad etyoboda,rom sulis siRrmemde iyo SeZrwunebulixeobaSi da, saerTod, Cvens qveyanaSidatrialebuli ubedurebiT. Rvino ardaulevia, savse Wiqa magidaze dadga dadajda. samariseburma siCumem daisadgura.aravin ar iRebda xmas... isev batonmavasom ganmuxta situacia _ sasmisi aiRo,wamodga, Tavi maRla aswia, Tvalebi ze-cas miapyroo TiTqos, da RaRadhyo:RmerTo didebulo, gaanaTle maTisulebi, vinc am xeobaSi usaSvelowamebiTa da damcirebiT gamoeTxova sic-ocxles! RmerTo didebulo, gaanaTlemaTi sulebi, vinc am ZmaTamkvlel omspatiosnad Seewira! sxvebi?.. sxvebs kiufalma Seundos! sasmisi gamoscala,mainc imedianad viyoTo _ cota TamamikiloTi gagvamxnevasaviT, dajda, Se-momxeda da maniSna _ ganagrZeo sufra!..

...meore dRes maspinZelma Cemi manqanissabargulSi Cado erTi tomara kakalida ramdenime cali suluguni, TiTo,albaT, kilo-naxevriani da ZmisSvilssTxova, damxmareboda Wuberamde manqanisgadayvanaSi...

Wuberidan Tbilisamde didi gzaa dasakmarisze meti dro mqonda fiqrisaTvis.bevri detali gavixsene, magram maTzeaxla aRar visaubreb, rogorme sxvadros, Tanac isini baton vasos naklebadexeba.

yovelive zemoTqmulis Semdeg CemTvissabolood Camoiqna batoni vasos sruliportreti. patiosani, uangaro, mosiy-varule, samarTliani, uSuro, Tanamdgomi,uRalato, samSoblos bed-iRbalzemodarde, maradiul Rirebulebebze ori-entirebuli, WeSmaritad keTilSobilirigiTi moqalaqe _ aseTad damkvidrdaCems warmodgenaSi misi xateba, romelic,ager, ukve 27-e welia, Tvalwin midgas.saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi swored batonivasosnairebi icavdnen Cveni qveynissazRvrebs, darajobdnen mis maRalzneobasa da Rirsebas. swored misnairebmasicocxlis fasad gamoarides aTas qar-texils Cveni samSoblo... da dRes,rodesac, Cvenda didad samwuxarod dasamarcxvinod, mowmeni gavxdiT qveynadgularZnilTa da umadurTa, gautanelTada ganukiTxavTa gulisamrevi parpaSisa,keTili nebis adamianma, Cemi Rrma rw-meniT, isev batoni vasosnairi kacebiunda gaixados umTavres saniSned!

...saubedurod, dalis xeobac davkar-geT... Cemda sircxvilad, me dRes arvici Tqveni asaval-dasavali, vasobatono. is manqanac damaviwyda, radganukve gavida mwyobridan, bevri ram miecadaviwyebas, magram maxsovxarT Tqven _vaso calani _ keTilSobili pirovneba,kacuri kaci, svanuri warmoSobisRirseuli qarTveli dalis xeobidan.RmerTma umravlos saqarTvelos Tqven-nairebi!

revaz salia, filologiis doqtori

minaweri: sircxvilis grZnobamawuxebda, rom ar vicodi Semdgomibedi am didebuli adamianisa. iRblad,2017 wlis 20 marts davukavSirdi asevegulanTebul mamuliSvils, baton akakigasvians, romelsac Cemi studentobidanmoyolebuli did pativs vcem. uzomodgavixare, roca gavige _ baton vasoserTi dRiTac ar dautovebia Tavisi say-vareli xeoba da amJamadac iq cxovrobs(Tumca sxvanairad rogor iqneboda?!).uRrmes madlobas movaxseneb baton akakisam friad sasiamovno informaciisaTvis!

marTalia, me zedmeti mtkicebulebaar mWirdeba, vaso batono, Tqvenikacurkacobis sabuTad, magram Zaliangamixarda mainc! didi xnis sicocxleda bedniereba Tqven! vecdebi, mo-gawvdinoT xma da gnaxoT kidec. momik-iTxeT Tqveni didebuli ojaxi!

pativiscemiT, revaz salia

wbtp!dbmboj!`!twbovsj!xbsnpTpcjt!Sjstfvmj!rbsUwfmj!ebmjt!yfpcjebo


obupt!Tubc.cjobTj!j{psjbt!wj{jujebo!hbnpnejobsfsaqarTvelos xelisufleba da media

sixaruliT gvauwyebs Tavdacvis minis-tris izorias natos Stab-binaSi war-matebuli vizitis Sesaxeb. viziti, rommarTlac warmatebuli iyo, amaSi eWvisSetana naklebad SeiZleba, Tumca gaaCniara kuTxiT ganvixilavT izorias iq ga-marTul Sexvedrebs. saqarTvelos sa-gareo kursidan Tu vimsjelebT, vizitiSedegiani gamodga, vinaidan kidev erT-xel gaesva xazi qveynis evroatlanti-kur mimarTulebas da iseTi organiza-ciisadmi gulwrfel, sandoobiT aRsavsedamokidebulebas, rogoric natoa.

aris sxva Sexedulebac natosa daevroatlantikur veqtorTan mimarTe-baSi, romlis mixedviT, rac ufro mWi-dro kavSirebi iqneba natosTan, miTufro uaryofiTi Sedegis momtaniiqneba saqarTvelosTvis. negatiuri gan-wyoba umTavresad imiTac aris ganpi-robebuli, rom natoTi monusxuli sa-qarTvelos xelisufleba, yovelgvaridafiqrebisa da Rrma analizis gareSeumal Tanxmdeba briuselidan wamosulSemoTavazebebs, maT Soris axalisawvrTneli bazis Seqmnis Taobaze.

rodesac natos ministeriali ga-mocxadda aravin icoda, rom saqarTve-los miiwvevdnen am Sekrebaze. opozicia,misTvis Cveuli cinizmiT, akritikebdaxelisuflebas da acxadebda, rom „pro-rusuli“ xelisufleba natom Segnebu-lad ar moiwvia ministerialzeo.

arada, ministeriali imiT iyo ga-morCeuli, rom pirveli Sexvedra iyoaSS-s axali Tavdacvis ministris ma-tisis, Tavis natoel kolegebTan. natoswevri evropuli saxelmwifoebi daza-fruli elodnen ministerials da masSiamerikeli bosis monawileobas, vinaidanam Sexvedras unda gaerkvia amerika-na-tos dRevandeli da xvalindeli kav-SirurTierTobebis parametrebi.

natos daarsebidan dawyebuli, tram-pis aSS-s prezidentad arCevamde, amorganizacias arasdros hqonia iseTikritikuli da gaurkveveli mdgoma-reoba, rogoric ministerialamde. yo-velive ki gamoiwvia aSS-s prezidento-bis kandidatis, SemdgomSi prezidentisaraerTma antinatourma gancxadebam,romelTa Soris aRsaniSnavia Semdegi:“nato moZvelebuli organizaciaa. natoanaqronizmia. nato Seiqmna sabWoTakavSiris sawinaaRmdegod. sabWoTa kav-Siri aRar arsebobs da ratom undaarsebobdes nato. nato arafers akeTebsterorizmTan brZolis saqmeSi. natoswevri saxelmwifoebi ar ixdian sawevrogadasaxads da aSS-i iZulebulia TviT

arCinos nato. Tu natos wevri qveynebiar gadaixdian sawevros, aSS-i datovebsnatos...”.

esoden kritikuli gancxadebebismosmena erTob Zneli gamodga natoswevri qveynebisa da natos Stab-binis-Tvis. amdenad aSS-s Tavdacvis ministrisbriuselSi gamoCenas didi mniSvnelobahqonda. saqarTvelosTvisac mniSvnelo-vani iyo briuselis ministerialSi mo-nawileoba, vinaidan xazs usvamda qvey-nis mniSvnelobas natosTvis da natosdamokidebulebas saqarTvelosadmi.

saqarTvelom ministerialSi monawi-leobis miwveva bolo wuTebSi miiRoda rogorc gamonaklisi qveyana, isdaeswro ministerials, ris Semdegnato-saqarTvelos sxdomac gaimarTa.ministeriali saqarTvelosTvis imiTaciyo gamorCeuli, rom izoria aSS-saxal Tavdacvis ministrs matiss Sexvda.natos generalurma mdivanma stolten-bergma warudgina izoria matiss da amukanasknelmac sityvebi ar dazoga sa-qarTvelos saqebad: “Cven SevxvdiTnatos uaxloes partniors _ saqarTve-los. me gamovxate Cemi aRfrTovanebada pativiscema saqarTvelos kontri-buciisa da gaRebuli msxverplis mi-marT, romelic am qveyanam gaiRo natosbrZolis velze avRaneTSi“.

saqarTvelo marTlac imsaxurebs Se-qebas. man avRaneTis oms 31 jariskaciSeswira, erayisas _ 5.

izorias aRtacebas sazRvari arhqonda da man saqarTvelos axaliambavi axara _ amerika-saqarTvelosarsebuli memorandumiT (samwliani Car-Co xelSekrulebiT) vazianSi erTo-blivi sawvrTneli centris mSeneblo-ba.

ministrma aRniSna, rom sawvrTnelibaza gaaZlierebs qveynis Tavdacvisu-narianobas da mdgradobas. es bazaiseTive iqneba, rogoric germaniis qa-laq hoenfelSi aSS-s samxedro bazaada sadac izoria Sexvda evropaSi aSS-s samxedro jarebis sardals ben ho-jess. amerikeli generlis dapirebiTvazianis samxedro-saswavlo bazazeamerikeli specialistebi gawvrTnianqarTvel jariskacebs.

generali hojesi saqarTvelos iS-viaTi stumari ar gaxlavT. erT-erTivizitis dros man aseTi ram Tqva:„sawvrTnel centrSi aSS-s samxedromosamsaxureTa monawileobis mizaniisaa, rom SevamowmoT, aucileblobisSemTxvevaSi, ramdenad swrafad movlenqarTul miwaze amerikis armiis qveda-nayofebi“.

friad sayuradRebo gancxadebaa na-tos mimarT skeptikurad ganwyobilpirTaTvis, romelTa raodenoba araTuklebulobs, aramed matulobs, ris Se-saxebac sul axlaxans gvauwyebda cno-bili amerikuli kvleviTi centris „ge-lapis“ (Gallup) mier Catarebuli gamo-kiTxvis Sedegebi. misi mixedviT, sa-qarTvelos mosaxleobis naxevarze nak-lebi Tu uWers mxars natoSi Sesvlas.aseT dros izorias, masTan erTad xe-lisuflebis aRtaceba aSS-s Tavdacvisministris sityvebiT da sawvrTnelibazis mSeneblobiT gamowveuli, didadgamaRizianebelia.

Tu ra swrafad gadmoisvris aSS-iTavis jarebs saqarTveloSi saomarimoqmedebebis sawarmoeblad, erTxelukve gamovcadeT _ 2008 wlis omisdros. maSin aSS-s garkveuli wreebismier gabriyvebuli saakaSvili, tele-fonze Camokidebuli, exveweboda okea-nisgaRmelebs daxmarebas, Tumca amaod,rasac sakuTari halstuxis ReWva mohy-va.

amerikelebma didi pauzis SemdegmarTlac moavlines samxedro gemebi,oRond sasmeli wyliT da tualetisqaRaldiT datvirTuli. am ukanasknelSi(tualetis qaRaldSi) marTlac gau-marTlda saakaSvilsa da mis xelisu-flebas, vinaidan faRaraTSeyrilni,“CaSavebuli” jipebiT “wiTel” xidsmiawydnen, qveynidan gasaqcevad.

rac marTalia, maSin vaSingtonma,fulis TvalsazrisiT, xelgaSlilobagamoiCina _ miliardnaxevari dolarigamogviyo dasaxmareblad da oTxnaxe-vari miliardidan danarCeni Tanxa ev-ropas gadaaxdevina. oRond erTia _ esTanxa ise gaaqro saakaSvilma da mismagundma, aravin icis misi asaval-dasa-vali.

davubrundeT hojesis sityvebs aSS-s jaris saqarTveloSi gadmosxmasTandakavSirebiT da wamiT warmovidginoT,ra dReSi aRmoCndeba erTi mtkaveliqveyana, omis velad qceuli, ori gi-gantis Sejaxebis Sedegad?!

netavi vinme, am xelisuflebaSi an-gariSs uwevs, ra mohyveba ruseTTankonfliqts da masSi natos an aSS-ssamxedroebis CarTvas? netavi vinmeuwevs angariSs, ra SeiZleba mohyvesvazianis samxedro-saswavlo centrisgaxsnas? is, rom vaziani rusuli rake-tebis mizanSi iqneba amoRebuli _vinmes eWvi epareba?

hojesi samxedroa da misi gancxadebarom militaristulia, gasakviri araris, magram saqarTvelos xelisufleba

da politikuri partiebic militaris-tulia? da Tu marTlac asea, netavierTxel mainc garedan ar SeuxedavTTavisi qveynisTvis? da Tu Sexedes,ver dainaxes, ra masStabisaa is? erTirusuli balistikuri raketis Camog-debac ki sakmarisi iqneba udidesimsxverplisa da sayovelTao panikisTvis.

ra Sedarebaa, magram gagaxsenebT _zviad gamsaxurdias CeCneTidan, dasav-leT saqarTveloSi Casvlas, saxalxo,masobriv, xalxmraval mitingebs daTbilisze laSqrobis mowodebas; ru-seTis Savi zRvis samxedro flotissardlis baltinis samxedro TviTm-frinavebis mier, dabal simaRleze, sa-xalxo mitingis Tavze gadafrenas. ga-manadgureblebis Zravebis gamayrue-belma xmam ise daaSina momitingeebi _wamSi daifantnen da SemdgomSi aRargamoCenilan.

ruseTi, saqarTvelos natoSi Sesv-las negatiurad ganixilavs da yvela-nairad cdilobs xeli SegviSalos amsaqmeSi. magram Tu, miuxedavad amisa,qveyana mainc Seva am organizaciaSi(Tumca me didad meeWveba), gavarvarebultafaze aRmoCndeba da rusuli yovel-dRiuri agresiis qveS mouwevs cxovreba.mudam SiSSi yofna dazafravs qveyanisisedac ganaxevrebul mosaxleobas, ro-melsac samuSaos micemis SemTxvevaSic,muSaobis Tavic ar eqneba.

iseTi patara da susti qveyana, ro-goric saqarTveloa, mezoblebTan ur-TierTobas, miTumetes didTan da birT-vuliaraRianTan, iaraRiT ki ar undaarkvevdes, aramed eniT, WkuiT da di-plomatiiT. Cveni urTierToba brZolisvelze aseTTan yovelTvis marcxiT das-ruldeba _ ZalTa uTanabrobis gamo.sxvaa mosalaparakebeli magida. diplo-matiur molaparakebaSi muStis nacvladsityva gamoiyeneba da Tu gonierebamogvdevs, gamarjvebac misaRwevi iqneba.

arada, ra gamarjvebazea laparaki?normaluri urTierTobebis Camoyali-bebaze, iseTze, Tundac ori saukunisganmavlobaSi rom gvqonda. am xnis man-Zilze iyo dadebiTic da uaryofiTic,magram dadebiTi rom sWarbobs, mtkicebaar sWirdeba. maS ra gviSlis xelsaxali urTierTobebis Camosayalibe-blad maSin, rodesac ruseTi mzadaaamisTvis? is, Cven rom dabejiTebiT ga-vyviriT _ nato, natoo da iq SesvlasruseTis SiSiT vcdilobT. iqneb am Si-Sis mosaxsnelad pirdapir ruseTze

gavsuliyaviT?

W. hamletiZe,politologi

sbnefojnf!fqj{pej!jvcjmbsj!qbusjbsrjt!dypwsfcjebo4 ianvars sruliad saqarTvelos-ka-

Tolikos patriarqis, uwmindesisa daunetaresis, ilia meoris dabadebisdRe iyo. kaTolikos-patriarqs 84 weliSeusrulda... marTlmadidebel erssulieri mamis dabadebis dRes da misicxovrebis ramdenime epizods Se-vaxsenebT.

goderZi Coxeli ixsenebda: _ uw-mindesze raimes Tqma Tan Znelia, Tanac_ advili. Znelia imitom, rom udidesiamisi roli qarTvelTa sulier cx-ovrebaSi. man gapartaxebuli eklesiaCaibara, Caferflil sulier Radarssuli ubera da koconi aagizgiza. uw-mindesis saxiT Cven RvTis madlimogvevlina. misi sidiade mere, Soridanufro gamoCndeba. masze saubari adviliki imitom aris, rom yvelas mimarTsaocrad Tbili da axlobelia. bevrjerSemomSvelebia am wuTisofelSi. CemTvismfarveli angeloziviT aris, dedacaris, mamac, dac, Zmac, naTesavic daaxlobelic. “samoTxis gvritebi” da“lukas saxareba” rom gadaviRe, uwmin-desi meufeebTan erTad, kinostudiaSimovida. meSinoda, ar gambrazeboda,“samoTxis gvritebi” rom davarqvifilms. Cvenebis mere miTxra: _ “goderZi,

eseni marTla samoTxis gvritebi arian,magram Sen saidan ici, rom adre aseaswavlidnen mTaSi wera-kiTxvaso?” me,ra Tqma unda, araferi vicodi amisSesaxeb. uwmindesma mamis monayoligaixsena, Turme marTla ase aswavlidnenwera-kiTxvas...

daaxloebiT 30 wlis win TbilisSierT axalgazrda ojaxSi xanZarma im-sxverpla 9 wlis biWi da 7 wlis gog-ona. mSoblebi xanZris dros Sin ariyvnen. patriarqma es ambavi rom Seityo,maSinve maTTan wavida. man col-qmarssakuTari saxareba da sanTlebi aCuqada didxans esaubra. mivida maTTanmeore dResac, mesame dResac... bolossTxova, sapatriarqoSi mestumreTo.maT uaris Tqma euxerxulaT da mividnen.saubrisas gamotydnen, rom ganzraxulihqondaT Tavis mokvla. rac patriarqmamaT sikvdilis Semdgom saukuno sic-ocxleze mouTxro, misi irwmunes damoisurves, Svilebs bunebrivisikvdilis Semdeg Sexvedrodnen, davidre icocxlebdnen, mudam TavianTiSvilebisTvis ilocebdnen. patriarqmamaT sapatriarqoSi muSaoba SesTavaza.qmari sami wlis win gardaicvala _sicocxlis bolomde sapatriarqos

iuristi gaxldaT, misi meuRle kidResac sapatriarqos arqivs xelmZR-vanelobs.

sami aTeuli wlis win momReralTemur wiklaurs sami wlis vaJi gar-daecvala. patriarqma batoni Temurida misi meuRle TavisTan miiwvia.saubrisas Seityo, rom batoni Temuriscenaze gamosvlas aRar apirebda dauTxra: yoveli kaci iq unda emsaxurosqveyanas, sadac ufali daadgens. ganara ufleba gaqvs, yvelaferi miatovo?patriarqma baton Temurs daviTni gadas-ca da akurTxa, rom iqidan fsalmunebiyoveldRiurad waekiTxa. aseve gadascadidi sanTeli, romelic fsalmunebiswakiTxvisas unda aenTo. batonma Temur-ma bavSvis gardacvalebidan meormocedRes daasrula fsalmunebis kiTxvada patriarqiseuli sanTelic CaiRvenTa.batonma Temurma igrZno RvTis sityvisZala da ganmtkicda rwmenaSi...

uwmindess (maSin patriarqi ar iyo)undoda, mSoblebi samTavros monastrisezoSi daesaflavebina. maSindelma pa-triarqma uari uTxra, radgan isinisasuliero dasis warmomadgenlebi ariyvnen. roca Tavad gaxda patriarqi,erTma axlobelma Seaxsena _ mSoblebis

neStebi samTavros monastris ezoSi

xom ar gadavasvenoTo. uwmindesma miugo,

_ me patriarqis kurTxevas ver davar-

Rvevo.

patriarqi xSirad igonebs wlebs,

roca is cxum-afxazeTis episkoposi

iyo. erTxel Tqva: afxazebisgan gasao-

car siyvaruls vgrZnobdi. xSirad

modiodnen CemTan, didxans vsaubrob-

diT. magram yvelaze metad damamaxsovr-

da erTi qalbatoni, romelmac erTi

qila Sededebuli rZe momitana _ meti

araferi hqonda da amiT gamoxata Cem-

dami siyvaruli. me is afxazi qali

dRemde maxsovs da mudam vloculob

misTvis, misi sikeTis gamo.

ucxoel JurnalistebTan aWaraSi

qristianobis aRorZinebaze saubrisas

mitropoliti dimitri (SiolaSvili)

aRniSnavda ilia meoris udides Rvawls:

“es RvTis saswaulia, amas mxolodqadagebiT ver axsni. adgilobrivi mus-limanebi did pativs scemen saqarTve-los patriarqs. erTxel maRalmTianiaWaridan xojas werili miviRe: arSeiZleba, rom ilia meore marTlma-dideblebsac gxelmZRvanelobdeT daCven, muslimanebsaco?”


nf!nbytpwt!eb!nbwboojd!ov!ebjwjxzfcfo"//e. w. ,,vardebis revoluciis” da re-

voluciuri triumviratis xelisufle-baSi mosvlis winaaRmdegi Tavidanveviyavi!

sxvaTaSoris, imitom ki ara, rom ma-maTel ,,did politikoss” mivstirodi!ara batono! vinc me kargad micnobs _icis Cemi damokidebuleba erovnulimoZraobis patriarqis, didi zviad gam-saxurdiasa da misi erovnuli xelisu-flebisadmi! vinc micnobs, iman, aseveicis Cemi uaRresad negatiuri damoki-debuleba kriminaluri putCis gziTmosuli SevardnaZis xelisuflebisad-mic!..

saqme imaSia, rom nebismieri metnak-lebad analitikuri azrovnebis mqoneadamianisaTvis Tavidanve naTeli iyosinamdvileSi Tu vis mier da ra mizni-Tac iyo es ,,vardebis revoluciad”wodebuli masobrivi bakxanalia inspi-rirebuli! WkuaTmyofelTaTvis Tavi-danve cxadi iyo, rom globalisturZalebs ganzraxuli hqondaT beberiSevardnaZis _ marTalia Slegi, magramaxalgazrda ,,SevardnaZiT” Canacvleba!

es iyo proeqti, romlis mixedviTacerovnul-tradiciul faseulobebzeorientirebuli politikuri Zalebis-Tvis unda moespoT SesaZlebloba malexelisuflebidan wamsvleli SevardnaZeda misi gundi CaenacvlebinaT!

es iyo proeqti, romlis mixedviTacarsebuli marionetuli xelisuflebaunda CaenacvlebinaT aseve marionetuli,magram yvelaferze wamsvleli da xe-lismomweri xelisuflebiT!

es iyo proeqti, romlis mixedviTacSeuqcevadad da forsirebulad undagagrZelebuliyo qveynis ngreva-gave-

raneba! diax, es iyo proeqti, romlismixedviTac nebismieri saSualebiT arunda daeSvaT Cveni samSoblos realurisaxelmwifoebrivi aRorZineba da erov-nul-tradiciul-marTlmadideblur fa-seulobebze orientireba!

diax, es iyo Cveni samSoblos dasa-Rupavad SemuSavebuli da gamiznuliproeqti!

samwuxarod, es mzakvruli Canafiqriganxorcielda!..

kargad maxsovs im avadsaxsenebelivardebis revoluciis winare Tu mim-dinareobis periodSi sajarod rogorvqadagebdi yovelive amis Taobaze! ro-gorc ki momeca SesaZlebloba _ pre-siTac gamovxate Cemi pozicia, sadacdavafiqsire azri, qveynis interesebidangamomdinare, Tu ratom iyo principu-lad miuRebeli denacionalizebuligiJebis dajgufebis xelisuflebaSimosvla!..

maxsovs Zalian bevri axlobeli ada-mianic ki, Cemze ganawyenda im dros! iski ara, erTma SezarxoSebulma da Wku-aareulma axlobelma lamis Sevardna-Zistobac ki damabrala, riTac Zaliandamwyvita guli... xolo, meorem ki, asemisayvedura _ ,,ar xar marTali, amasnu ambob zuri, amis gareSe aba rogorgvinda, rogor vapirebT, rogor undadavbrundeT afxazeTSio”, _ razec memiukib-moukibavad vupasuxe, rom saa-kaSvil-Jvania-burjanaZis xelisuflebaafxazeTSi dagvabrunebda ki ara, te-ritoriebs didi albaTobiT kidev da-gakargvinebda, xolo, mas soxumSi kiara, kukiis sasaflaoze mouwevda sa-mudamo gansasvenebeli!..

mokled, maSin iseTi realoba iyo

Seqmnili, rom aq Cemi da CemisTana er-Teulebis pozicia namdvilad araferswyvetda! Cven aranairi berketebi argagvaCnda mosalodneli kidev ufrodidi ubedurebis SesaCereblad, umweoniviyaviT! adamianebi imdenad iyvnen eg-zaltirebulni, rom TiTo-orolas gar-da aravin iyo saRi azris gamgoni daSemsmeneli!.. Cemo megobrebo, axla amasratom vyvebi: vxedav Zalian bevri ada-miani yelyelaobs _ aqaoda miSas reJimsvebrZodio, magram me xom isic kargadmaxsovs, zustad isini Tu rogor exma-rebodnen im ufSvitines ZalauflebisxelSi CagdebaSi! gasagebia, rom yve-laferi kordonebs iqidan iyo dageg-mili da stimulirebuli, magram adgi-lobrivi mxardamWeri masa rom ar hyo-loda saakaSvil-Jvania-burjanaZis tri-umvirats _ is oxeri gegmac ganuxor-cielebeli darCeboda! ara, ar Sedge-boda is farsi-speqtakli, rom ver moe-xerxebinaT da misTvis esoden aucile-bel dekoraciad adgilobrivi gamwa-rebuli, magram gabriyvebuli mosax-leoba ar gamoeyenebinaT!

rom ara ,,vardebis revoluciad” mo-naTluli is sayovelTao ria-ria _bolosdabolos, is maoxari ,,didi po-litikosi” isedac male wavidoda jan-dabaSi, mousavleTSi da xelisufle-baSic misi ideuri Tanamoazreebis TuSvilobilebis nacvlad SedarebiT nor-maluri da misaRebi politikuri Zalamovidoda, rac momavalSi SesaZlebelsgaxdida WeSmaritad erovnul-patrio-tul ideologiur platformaze mdgomipolitikuri Zalis formirebasac!..

ase rom, am qveynis misikvdilebaSioden moqkavSirs, nacbandas da qocebs

rodi miuZRviT brali! samwuxarod,

amaSi TavianTi wili brali aqvT Tavis

droze maT mitmasnil-mxardamWer, ma-

gram, Semdeg raRac mizezTa gamo maT-

Tan namdvil Tu moCvenebiT antago-

nizmSi Sesul adamianebsac!.. viqnebi

ufro kategoriulic: vTvli, rom Ti-

Toeuli is adamiani, romelic zviad

gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis

damxobis Semdeg aRmoCnda yoveli mom-

devno antierovnuli xelisuflebis

Segnebuli Tu Seugnebeli mxardamWeri

_ nebsiT Tu uneblied damnaSavea sam-

Soblos daqceva-gaubedurebaSi!.. hoda,

axla, amas vinme Tu ver xvdeba _ namd-

vilad kargs izams, Tu tvins gaanZrevs,

saRad gaanalizebs warsuls da aseve

sakuTar qmedebebsac imave warsulSi!

ai, ratomRac mexsiereba dakargulebis

mimarT ki, Cemi gulwrfeli rCeva

aseTia _ rogorme Seecadon am oxeri

amneziisagan sakuTari personis gan-

kurnebas!..

ho, kidev: aucilebelia am adamianebs

rogorc minimumi sinanulis gancda

mainc gauCndeT, radgan, amis gareSe

maTi namusianobis da gindaT adekva-

turobis Taobaze namdvilad veberTela

kiTxvis niSani gaCndeba!..

barem amasac davafiqsireb: darwmu-

nebuli var amis wamkiTxvelTagan Za-

lian bevrs es ar moewoneba! darwmune-

buli var bevrs es gaaRizianebs! vera-

fers vizam, radgan vinmes mosawoneblad

es namdvilad ar dawerila!..

zurab kvaracxelia,zugdidi

13. 3. 2017 w.

mbTb!hwbtbmjb;!rbsUwfm!nljUywfmt

wvmpdbw!njtj!vtbzwbsmftj!

Tfnprnfejt!jvcjmft"

laSa gvasalia socialur qselSistatuss aqveynebs da poet vaxtang xar-Cilavas dabadebis dRes ulocavs.

„17 marts Cveni sayvareli da ucamaR-lesi poetis, brwyinvale publicistisada Rirseuli mamuliSvilis vaxtangxarCilavas dabadebis dRea! vulocavmTeli suliTa da guliT Cemsmaswavlebelsa da udides megobarsdabadebis dRes, mixaria, rom CveulisimxneviTa da janmrTelobiT „miuyvebawlebis wlebs...” calke msjelobis Temaamisi klasikuri simaRleebiT aRvsilipoezia, publicistika da redaqtoroba!imas mainc vityvi, rom yvelaze saWiroda rTul periodSi, roca qveyanasTiTqmis yvela beWdurma saSualebamugana, batonma vaxtangma Seqmna Seuvalibastioni „saerTo gazeTis” saxiT, Se-mogvikriba gareSemo gulanTebulikalmosnebi da sworeba „qarTuli oc-nebiT” _ qveynis gamarjvebisken gag-vakeTebina. erTi siamovnebaa vaxosTanmuSaoba, momTxovni, magram profesion-alurad samarTliani redaqtori yve-lafers akeTebs, rom simarTle gaxadosnebismieri werilisa Tu intervius sa-fuZveli da am gziT emsaxuros sayvarelsaqmesa da saficar samSoblos!

mis Semoqmedebas atyvia pirveladobisiseTi niSani, romelic sinamdvilesTan

erTad asaxavs avtoris konkretulsaTqmelsa da pozicias, Sinagani gancdissafuZvelze, romelsac Cven vuwodebTfenomenologiur moments!

icis vaxtang xarCilavam _ zeciskenasasasvleli erTi gzaa mxolod _ ma-muliSvilobisa da namdvikacobis! isRirseuli mamuliSvili da WeSmaritadnamdvilkacia!

gilocav, Cemo dido da saimedo mego-baro, Cemo usayvarleso moZRvaro, vu-locav Sens lamaz ojaxsa da yvela imadamians, visac ase maradisad eZvir-fasebi, Cvens kvanwis vulocav, Cvenscautolo megobarsa da TanamebrZolos!qarTvel mkiTxvels vulocav misi usay-varlesi Semoqmedis iubiles!

mravalJamier!

me dagamarcxe siyvaruliT

me dagamarcxe siyvaruliT,siyvarulis galiaSi Cagsvi datyved wamogiyvane,me dagamarcxe siyvaruliTda Sens galavans,siZulvilis qva-RorRiT nagebs,siZulvilis duRabiT Sekruls,bzari gauCnda da Camoingra;me dagamarcxe siyvaruliTda moTminebiT,radgan vicodi,rom arsebobs wami, rodesacmteric uyvarT!ai, im wams unda miuswro,im wams unda daudarajde,rogorc uecrad gaRebulkarebs,rom moaswro da Sig Sexvide,sanam karebs kvlav Cagmanavdnen.me dagamarcxe siyvaruliT,sxva laSqari me ar myolia...

vaxtang xarCilavamixarixar, miyvarxar da meimedebi!uRrmesi pativiscemiT laSa gvasalia”,_ wers gvasalia.

rbsUvmj!tvgsb!fwspqvmjrwfzofcjt!tbn{bsfvmpfctTpsjt!nf.5!behjm{fb!`sbt!xfsfo!cmphfsfcj!rbsUvm!lfs[fc{f

48 evropul qveyanas Soris saWm-lisa da sasmelis reitingSisaqarTvelom meoTxe adgili daikava.reitingi kulinariis blogerebis _kevin aleqsanderisa da liz Cilder-sis mier aris Sedgenili, romlebicmogzauroben, sxvadasxva qveynissamzareulos ecnobian da blogsweren. kevinis da lizis blogi saitzethrillist.com 2015 welsaa gamoqveynebulida rogorc ukve giTxariT,saqarTvelo gemrieli saWmlis reit-ingSi meoTxe adgilzea.

ai, ras weren qarTulsamzareuloze avtorebi:

“Tavidan lizTan didxans vkmaTob-di, romeli qveynis samzareulo iyoyvelaze kargi _ lizi qarTuli kerZe-bis saocrebebze miambobda, rasacmohyva Cveni daintereseba imiT, Tuevropis romeli nawili gamoirCevasaukeTeso samzareuloTi. amitom davi-wyeT gamokvleva (movinaxuleT 39qveyana) da davadgineT wesebi: mTavarifaqtori unda yofiliyo adgilobrivisufra, sakvebi da sasmeli” _ wersgamocema thrillist.com-s avtori kevinaleqsanderi.

“saqarTvelo evropisa da aziisSuagulSi mdebareobs, amitom iqaurikerZebi saocrad mdidari sunelebisda sakmazebis gemoTia gaJRenTili,rogor kombinaciebsac sxva regionebSiver naxavT. xaWapuri qveynisgamorCeuli kerZia, navis formis,savse saocari gamdnari yveliT daToxlo kvercxiT. qveynis gamorCeulikerZebis ricxvSia: xinkali _ xorciTda wveniT amovsebuli, moxarSulicomi; kuWmaWi _ am kerZSi ar unda ik-iTxoT ra urevia (guli, RviZli daa.S), radgan masSi Sezavebulia Semw-

vari xaxvi, niori, mwvanilebi dawiTeli broweulebi; Caxoxbili _qaTmis ugemrielesi kerZi. yveli datyemali kerZebis kompanionad gvev-lineba. tyemals, romelic momJavosousia, ZiriTadad xorcian kerZebTanmiirTmeven”, _ naTqvamia statiaSi.

saqarTvelom kulinariis blogere-bis siaSi sapatio meoTxe adgilidaikava. pirveli sameuli ki asegamoiyureba: 3. espaneTi, 2. safrangeTi,1. italia. amasTan, siaSi mexuTe adg-ilze germaniaa gamwesebuli. ruseTi25-e adgilzea, ukraina 42-e adgilze.

ver davadgineT, Tu romel adgilzegavidnen mudam lamazi qarTulisbrakonierulad mimTvisebeli (dawye-buli _ xaWapuriT da damTavrebuli_ qarTuli simRerebiT _ “CakruloTi”,Tu “sulikoTi”) somxebi, romlebicaxla, qarTuli samzareulos esodendamajerebeli gamarjvebiT gamware-bulebi, albaT erT adgils iglejen!


senakis raionul gazeTSi “avangar-di” (#109 (ase ewodeboda 1956 wels)wavawydi saintereso masalas, rogoriRebdnen kinofilm „mamluqs“ da vinmonawileobdnen masSi.

mkiTxvelisTvis uintereso ar iqnebagavacno amonaridi sagazeTo werilidan.

“qarTveli mwerlis uiaraRos (k.TaTariSvili) moTxroba “mamluqi” exebasaqarTvelos warsulis im tragikulperiods, rodesac Cvens saukeTesoSvilebs tyveebiT movaWre gadagvare-bulni dedis ZuZus swyvetdnen daSors, stambolis bazarze yiddnen mam-luqebad.”

mayurebeli sixaruliT Sexvda ambavsimis Sesaxeb, rom daiwyo uiaraRosmoTxroba “mamluki”-s kinogadaReba.nawarmoebSi moTxrobili ambisgarkveuli epizodebi Cveni raionis im-droindel sinamdviledanaa aRebuli.kerZod, beCavi glexis taguias ojaxiscxovreba, misi pirmSo patara xviCasgataceba da sxva. amitom erT Tvezemetia kinogadaReba mimdinareobsdaaxloebiT im adgilebSi, romlebicuiaraRos aqvs aRwerili.

_ “mamlukis” ekranizacia, _ ganacx-ada gazeT “avangardis” redaqciisTanamSromlebTan saubarSi cnobilmaqarTvelma kinoreJisorma daviT ron-delma, _ karga xnis winaT mqondamofiqrebuli. saWiro iyo seriozulimosamzadebeli muSaoba, raTa ekranzerealurad amesaxa samegrelos war-sulis SemaZrwunebeli suraTebi. “Rmer-To is dRe maCvena, ise saflavSi nuCamiyvan, rom yanaze uTofod mivdiode,dedakacs sadili martodmarto mo-hqondes da arafris SiSi da ridi arhqondes”. _ ase gulmosaklav vedrebaSiiyo taguia. moxucis am sityvebSimkafiod sCans glexis cxovrebis mTelisivaglaxe. ekranze ki sinamdvilisdamajereblad gadmocema seriozulSemoqmedebiT Zalebs da daZabulmuSaobas moiTxovs.

_ rolebis Semsruleblad moviwvieTdidi Semoqmedebi. akaki xorava, verikoanjafariZe, cnobili kinomsaxiobebi,e. maRalaSvili, da sxva. patara xviCasrols asrulebs Tbiliseli daTadanelia. gagviZneldapatara goCas rolis Sem-sruleblis gamonaxva. meCems gonebaSi warmodge-nili myavda igi. ai rogor“aRmovaCine”. foTSi,SemTxveviT quCaze Se-momxvda 7-8 wlis bavSvi.man miipyro Cemi yuradRe-ba swored iseTi undaiyos Cemi warmodgeniTgoCa. igi abaSeli vaJajojua aRmoCnda. bavSvimSvenivrad asrulebsrolebs.

filmis musikis avto-ria andria balanCivaZe,mTavari operatori _ levsuxovi. mTavari mxatvari_ revaz mirzaSvili “.

xviCa da goCas rolis Semsrule-blebi: daTa danelia da vaJa jojuaaxla 59-60 wlisani iqnebian. saintere-soa, rogor warimarTa maTi cxovrebada SemoqmedebiTi gza?!

“mamluqi” ewodeboda TeTrkanianmonebs, romlebic sxvadasxva adg-ilebidan, maT Soris kavkasiidan dayirimidan xvdebodnen egvi pteSi,sparseTsa Tu osmaleTSi. “bevri maTganixdeboda warmatebuli. tyve TeTrkani-anTa wodebriv-uflebrivi Tu Tanamde-bobrivi mdgomareoba bevrad iyodamokidebuli mis pirad Rirsebaze,Wkua-gonebaze, erTgul samsaxurze,Tavdadebaze. bevri maTgani swrafadaRwevda Tavs monur mdgomareobas damsxvili feodali xdeboda, begi,beglarbegi Tu faSa.

kairoSi, egreTwodebul „mkvdarqalaqSi“ uamravTa Soris sami qarTvelimamluqis saflavia. ali beisi _ romel-ic egviptis gamorCeuli gamgebeliiyo. ismail beisi _ es gaxldaT egvip-tel mamluqTa frTis xelmZRvaneli,da ibrahim qaTxudis _ igi egvipteSiganuzomeli simdidres flobda...

iyo erTeuli SemTxvevebi, rocaqarTveli warmatebuli mamluqebisaqarTvelodan motacebul tyve bavSebsyidulobdnen da samSobloSi abrunebd-nen.

magaliTad erTma mamluqma ereklemeores (qarTl-kaxeTis mefe) werilimiswera, rom misi deda moxucda, ekle-sia Sors aqvs, siaruli ar SeuZliada salocavSi ver midiso. amitom mam-luqi sTxovda mefes, axlos aeSenebinataZari da amisTvis oqro gamoagzavna.ereklem es Txovna Seusrula.

me-18 saukuneSi egvipteSi Tvrametibegidan 12 qarTveli iyo.

samwuxarod saxe icvala adamianTamotyueba-vaWrobis faqtebma. dRes istrefikingis saxiTaa gavrcelebuli dasaqarTveloSi ara iSviaTia,gansakuTrebiT qalbatonebis motyuebiTgayvanisa da ar sasurvel, RirsebisSemlaxav saqmianobaSi iZulebiT mon-awileobis SemTxvevebi.

boris daviTaia,senaki

25 marti erovnuli moZraobisuxucesi da legendaruli warmo-madgenlis, baton anrid (buWa) sana-ias dabadebis dRea...

saocrad swrafad garbis wlebida ai, gasuli saukunis samocianwlebSi dasavleT saqarTveloSidisidenturi moZraobis erT-erTisulisCamdgmeli da yofili polit-

patimari ukve 80 wlis gamxdara...vinc kargad icnobs baton buWa

sanaias _ uyoymanod dameTanxmeba,rom is gaxlavT uaRresad patiosanida brZeni pirovneba. aucilebladminda aRvniSno isic, rom am mraval-natanji adamianisaTvis absolutu-rad ucxoa da miuRebeli is samar-cxvino fobiebi, romliTacsamwuxarod Sepyrobilia dRes

erovnuli moZraobis warmomadgen-lobaze ambicia-pretenziis mqoneara erTi da ori adamiani...

batoni buWas erovnul-poli-tikuri msoflmxedveloba namdvi-

lad erovnuli niadagidanaa nasazr-doebi da is swvdeba zogadsakaco-brio idealebsac. aw ukve xandaz-muli da srulad TvalisCindakar-guli batoni buWa dReniadag sam-Sobloze fiqrSi aRam-aTenebs damudmivad imis qadagebaSia, romCvenTvis aucilebelia, rom sasic-ocxlod mniSvnelovania mezobelruseTTan urTierTobis mogvareba.

batoni buWas azriT amis gareSeCveni samSoblos erovnul-sax-elmwifoebriv momavalze fiqricki zedmetia da absurdi!..

baton buWasTan bevrjer mis-aubria am da sxva sakiTxebzec dara Tqma unda srulad viziareb ambrZenkacis ritorikas!..

axla ki, minda mivuloco batonanrid (buWa) sanaias 80 wlis iubileda vusurvo mas didi xnis sic-ocxle! cxadia, minda vusurvoaseve, rom male exilos namdviladdamoukidebeli samSoblo!..

patჷni buWa, RoronTq brelxancdჷgorinuani Tqvani oჸorofefaniawkჷma arTo do malas qoiZir-dani Surobum odabadeSi gopirua!..

zurab kvaracxelia

bosje!)cvXb*!tbobjb!`!91

xbstvmjt!!hbytfofcb SwUjtnTpcfmp!rbmxvmp///

RoronTiS dida, diaSxe. ixar mardam maria, ofal skanwk’ma re,

kurTxel req si dions do kurTxel re falut skan qoraS,

TiSen namda mesia xi Cqin SurefiSoT.

fsalmun 142ofal irCqil xvama Cqim, irCqil znax Cqim amnaT skaniT. migam ma

skan alamarTiT do nu miSelenq sarjadis skan sulanjiwk’ma.

muTa ve gemarTlebu skan woxole muTunner skiled, muTa Txozu

ter Cqim Surs do daadabalu qianas rina Cqim, domoxunu ma rume

onox, muWoT brel xaner Rurel do iWiroT Cqim Surq Cqimde do

Cqim inox denarRu gurq Cqimq. mibSine maarTa dRalef do bzmo-

nenq ir skan nomoqinjeobaSe.gurs guCanq skan xeS naqiminaSe.

eolinua Cqim xelefs skande do Surs Cqims, muWo dixas gomor-

cueburs myumenq si. ofal mallas irCqil Cqim, muTa maakordu

Surs Cqims. nu doforunq skan pis Cqimde. vara safuleefSa din-

ulirefiS mango ginibrT. momarCqile ir goTanas Wyolofua skan,

muTa si req mend Cqim. mkilaCame RoronT mu SaraT vide. muTa

skande evoline Sur Cqim. Cqim terefiSe mirsx ma ofal, muTa

akogznax, mogure ma, muTa bqimine prion skan, muTa si req RoronT

Cqim, skan Jicier Sur mijRons alamarTiT qianas. ofal skan

joxoS gurSen moCxone ma do alamarTiT skaniT giSeon Wiro-

TiSe Sur Cqim do WyolofuaT skaniT mosir teref Cqim do

akoWyvid ir Cqim SuriS maWiroTal, muTa ma skan morCil voreq.

fsalmun 127niter re arZa, namuefs oSkuruna ofaliS do namuef gilula

TiS Sarefs. naxanda skan falutefiS Wkom si, niter rde do ke-

Tirq gaRolas si. skan Cil, muWoT binex Canu skan oxorwk/ma, skan

skualefi muWoT axal nerg elaiaS, skan tablaS mok-mok do TaS

ikurTxas koCq, namusiT oSkur ofaliS, gakurTxas si ofalq

sioniT do Zire si keTir ierusalimiS, skan rinaS ir dRas do

Zire si skan skualef do Svidoba rdas israeliS Ji.

fsalmun 133ofals Taq akurTxendas, ir inal ofaliS namuef gerena ufaliS

xors, Cqin RoronTiS oxoriS ozes. Tqvan xelef eolineT seriT

wkondaSe do adidiT ufal. gakurTxas si ofalq sioniT, namuqiT

qiminu ca do qiana.

fsalmun 69RoronT, aWiSafas Cqims mikaajin, ofal aWiSafaT Cqimde inW. on-

jRore uCqudan do Rurudan, namuef goruna Cqim Surs. umarTeT

ginirTan do onjRoreulo iyuan, namuef gursguCana CqimoT furs.

xaTe ginirTan onjRoreulo, namuef miwina ma hou! hou! galendas

do ixarendas irfer skande, namuef ggoruna si ofal do iro

Tquan did re RoronT ! namuefs uyora mesiala skan. xolo ma

dirsik do donTxafir voreq. RoronT xemanwyu, aWiSafu do

rsxebu si req Cqim do ofal nu degvianenq.

(yoveldRiuri sakiTxavi 7 gzis locvebidan)

malxaz-lazare grigolia

fsalmunebi megrul enaze


„tbnUbwspcp!rbmbrjt“ nTfofcmpcbdRe ise ar Caivlis, raRac axali

winadadebiT guli ar „gagvixaros“

Cvenma xelisuflebam. ase iyo sul

axlaxans, rodesac premier-ministrma

gulisnadebi gagvando: _ orTaWalaSi

„samTavrobo qalaqis“ mSenebloba iwye-

bao. „gadavwyviteT, momsaxureobis kidev

ufro gaumjobesebis mizniT, or-

TaWalaSi im adgilas, sadac biznes-

saxlis proeqti xorcieldeba, gavake-

ToT samTavrobo qalaqis proeqti. Za-

lian didi teritoria gamoiyo amisTvis,

sadac ganxorcieldeba saministroebis

gadatana, rac erTi mxriv iqneba Zalian

kargi, radgan qalaqis centrSi Zalian

bevri saofise Tu sastumroebisTvis

sivrce gamoTavisufldeba, meore mxriv

ki, waxalisdeba samSeneblo seqtori...“.

modiT seriozulad gavarCioT pre-

mieris naTqvami. maS ase, premieri

ambobs sityva „gadavwyviteT“, mravlo-

biT ricxvSi, rac imas niSnavs, rom es

„genialuri“ idea marto mas ki ar

ekuTvnis, aramed kidev sxvas _ erTs

an ramdenime pirs. sainteresoa, vin ar-

ian isini?

Tu mravlobiTSi mxolod erTi kaci

da premieri igulisxmeba, is, erTi _

cnobilia. misi saxeli da gvari biZina

ivaniSvilia _ grandiozuli, magram

yovlad gamousadegari mSeneblobebis

avtori. marto SekveTilis 100 milion

dolarad Rirebuli sakoncerto dar-

bazi rad Rirs an dacarielebul

quTaisSi da saqarTveloSi, sauniver-

siteto qalaqis mSenebloba _

gaTvlili 50000 studentze?!

garda amisa, „samTavrobo qalaqis“

mSenebloba seriozul saxelmwifo

TanxebTan aris dakavSirebuli, rasac

Tavis Tavze kvirikaSvili ar aiRebs.

veWvob, rom is, rac kvirikaSvilma

Tqva, sulac ar aris misi idea. is,

ubralo gamxmovanebelia ivaniSvilis

davalebis.

isev sityva „gadavwyviteT“-is Sesaxeb.

sabWoTa periodSi mcxovreb adamianebs

kargad axsovT es sityva da misi

mniSvneloba, rodesac sityva „ga-

davwyviteT“, ssrk kp ck generaluri

mdivani ambobda, es imas niSnavda, rom

gadawyvita politbiurom, e.i. polit-

biuros ara erTma an orma, aramed

mravalma wevrma, umravlesobam, rac

aSkarad mianiSnebda ara erTis

gadawyvetilebaze, aramed koleqtivis.

verc erTi generaluri mdivani, stal-

iniT dawyebuli, Tavs uflebas ver

miscemda politbiuros wevrebis gareSe

gadaewyvita sazogadoebrivi an sax-

elmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis didi Tu

mcire sakiTxi. da es, im „avad-

saxsenebel“, arademokratiul sabWoTa

sistemaSi. aq, Cvens realobaSi ki, ra

xdeba?!

„moWarbebulad demokratiuli“

saqarTvelos premier-ministri, Tundac

mTavrobis wevrebTan SeTanxmebis

gareSe, faqtis winaSe ayenebs maT, par-

lamentis umravlesobas, politikur

partiebs da saqarTvelos biujetisTvis

erTob sagrZnob sakiTxs _ samTavrobo

mSeneblobas acxadebs.

arc erT demokratiul qveyanaSi ms-

gavs Tavxedobas adgili ar eqneba da

ara marto demokratiulSi,

arademokratiulSic ki, vinaidan is

ara marto saxelmwifo fulis uyaira-

To xarjvas exeba, aramed mSeneblobas,

romlis aSenebis SemTxvevaSi kardi-

nalurad Seicvleba dedaqalaqis land-

Safti, cxovrebis riTmi, iersaxe da

a.S.

vidre premieri sityva „gadavwyviteT“

ityoda, saWiro iyo specialistebTan,

gansakuTrebiT arqiteqorebTan, urban-

istebTan, qalaqis mesveurebTan, sxveb-

Tan da sxvebTan sakiTxis awon-dawona,

gaazreba imisa, risTvis aris saWiro

„samTavrobo qalaqis“ mSenebloba; riT

aris es gamowveuli; vin aaSenebs am

„qalaqs“ _ qarTveli Tu ucxoeli spe-

cialistebi; rogori iqneba am

„qalaqamde“ misasvleli gzebis gam-

tarianoba; moxdeba Tu ara damatebiTi

gzebis mSenebloba da sxva. da rodesac

maTTan Sejerdeboda mTavroba, maSin

mimarTavda Tbiliselebs am

grandiozuli proeqtis ganxorcielebis

Taobaze.

„samTavrobo qalaqis“ aSeneba iseTi

sakiTxia, rom TbiliselTa CarTvas

saWiroebs da maT xmas, Tundac

saqalaqo plebiscitiT. „qalaqis cen-

trSi Zalian bevri saofise Tu sas-

tumrosTvis farTi gamonTavisufldeba“

_ gveubneba kvirikaSvili da imedi

aqvs, rom gamoTavisuflebul Senobas

vinme ucxoeli, ofisisTvis an sastum-

rosTvis Seisyidis.

kostavas quCaze mdebare soflis

meurneobis saministros yofili Senoba

raxania gamoTavisuflebulia da upa-

tronobisgan Cvens Tvalwin ingreva.

araerTi xmauriani gancxadeba, rom

Senoba viRac cnobilma firmam SeiZina

da male sastumro gaixsneba _ ar

gamarTlda. analogiuri bedi ewia

mtkvris sanapiroze, restoran „aragvs“,

romelic saswrafod daangries da dar-

Ca ase SemoRobil-dangreuli, msuye

investoris molodinSi. iqac sastumros

gegmavdnen.

Tvali SevavloT kostavas quCaze

mdebare yofili abreSumis fabrikis

Senobas, romelic, rogorc amboben,

ivaniSvilis sakuTrebaa da dgas

uazrod, naxevraddangreuli, uimedod

Sehyurebs momavals. analogiuri bedi

ewia „zakvos“ yofil Senobas Tama-

raSvilis quCaze, romelic „Tibisi

bankma“ SeiZina _ „gamoquTna“ da mia-

tova, rogorc dangreuli alepo.

ra garantiaa, rom gamoTavisufle-

bul farTs vinme SeiZens da iq

ofisebs an sastumroebs gaxsnis? ar-

aviTari. magaliTi _ kostavas quCaze

mdebare presis yofili saxlia,

romelic, miuxedavad araerTi gancx-

adebisa, jerac srulad ar Sesula

eqspluataciaSi.

saqarTvelos xelisufalT, rom sas-

tumromania sWirT, gasakviri ar aris.

maTi viwro azrovneba sxvas ver wvdeba,

verc imaze fiqrobs _ amdeni sastum-

roebi sWirdeba Tu ara qalaqs?

Tbilisi verasdros iqceva iseT

turistul meqad, rogoric romi,

parizi, madridi an Tundac stambolia,

vinaidan am qalaqSi arc gasarTobia,

arc iseTi RirSesaniSnaobebi, rogoric

qairoSi, aTenSi an zemomoyvanil

qalaqebSi; arc muzeumebi da ekologiu-

rad sufTa kvebis produqtebia, riTac

turistebis yuradRebis mopyroba iqneba

SesaZlebeli.

xelisufleba turizmis ganviTarebas

mxolod sastumros ukavSirebs da ara

qalaqis an qveynis infrastruqturas,

normalur gzebs, aranakleb normalur

trotuarebs, sisufTaves, wesrigs,

saqalaqo transportis muSaobas, mom-

saxurebas sastumroebSi, restornebsa

da kafe-barebSi, Tavazianobas da sxva

mraval msxvilman-wvrilmans _ tur-

izmisTvis aucilebel saqmes.

turizms, qimikatebiT gajerebuli

Turquli mdare xarisxis kvebis pro-

duqtebiT ver ganvaviTarebT, verc maka-

roniT Sezavebuli xaWapuriT. yveliani

xaWapuris yidva iseTive siZneles war-

moadgens, rogorc xorciani Rvezelis.

saqarTveloSi dasavleTidan ZiriTadad

„hostelis muStari“ turisti Camodis,

romelic im kuTxe-kunWulSic dadis,

Cven rom Tavs varidebT anu SardiT

ayrolebul miwisqveSa gadasasvleleb-

Si, bazrebSi, WuWyian quCebSi. is,

swored e.w. xaWapuriT (uyvelo),

RvezeliT (uxorco) ikvebeba da darw-

munebuli var, arasdros Seaqebs qar-

Tul samzareulos.

ase, rom sastumroebisTvis farTis

gaTavisufleba wylis nayvaa da meti

araferi. ukve ramdeni weliwadia aR-

maSeneblis gamzirze upatronodaa mi-

tovebuli yofili sastumro „rusTavis“

Senoba. am xnis ganmavlobaSi qalaqSi

araerTi meri Seicvala. arc erT maT-

gans TavSi azradac ar mosvlia ekiTxa,

ratom aris es Senoba mitovebul-

gapartaxebuli?

premieris iniciativas umal mxari

auba regionuli ganviTarebisa da in-

frastruqturis ministrma alaviZem:

„Cven, unda miviRoT energoefeqturi

Senobebi. Cven mravali qartiis monaw-

ile varT, sadac xeli gvaqvs mowerili

am mimarTulebiT. amas, rom Tavi da-

vaneboT, Cveni saministroebis umetesi

nawili zis istoriul SenobebSi da

qalaqis iseT ubnebSi, romlebic Zalian

sainteresoa sastumros da turistuli

mimarTulebis ganviTarebisTvis. ...ga-

davideT, ufro kompaqturad, iseT adg-

ilebze, romlebic xarjebis opti-

mizaciis saSualebas mogvcems“.

alaviZis naTqvamma umal gamiCina

kiTxva _ vin aaSenebs „samTavrobo

qalaqs“, Tanac energoefeqturs?

saqarTvelos Zvel, gamocdil da cno-

bil arqiteqtorebsa da mSeneblebs

amis Tavi aRar aqvT. isini saakaSvilis

xelisuflebam Carecxa, ise, rogorc

nebismieri dargis specialisti. garda

amisa, maT diskvalifikacia ganicades.

axlebs arc gamocdileba aqvT da arc

Sesabamisi ganaTleba, rac aSkarad

saxezea TbilisSi mimdinare sabinao

mSeneblobidan gamomdinare.

„saxelisuflebo qalaqs“ urbanist-

arqiteqtori sWirdeba, gamocdili da

am saqmis mcodne, winaaRmdeg

SemTxvevaSi iseT uhaero akvariums

miviRebT, rogoric parlamentis Senobaa

quTaisSi. saWiro iqneba ucxoeli spe-

cialistebis mowveva, Tu arada, aSende-

ba iseTi erTjeradi saqaTme, rogoric

TamaraSvilis quCaze mdebare vake-

saburTalos gamgeobaa.

alaviZe momWirneobasac exeba, TiTqos

saministroebis gadasvla da far-

Ralala SenobebSi ganTavseba xels

Seuwyobs sabiujeto Tanxebis dazogvas.

da amas ambobs im xelisuflebis war-

momadgeneli, romelmac oTxi wlis

ganmavlobaSi verafriT gadmoiyvana

parlamenti quTaisidan, TbilisSi.

parlamentis quTaisSi yofna rom

saxelmwifo biujetis milionebs flan-

gavs _ es am xelisuflebas ar awuxebs

da fexs iTrevs dapirebis Sesasrule-

blad. umravlesobaSi myofi „ocneba“

ar Cqarobs TbilisSi dabrunebas, rac

albaT kvirikaSvilis iniciativiTacaa

ganpirobebuli. gamoricxuli ar aris

parlamentis Tbilisis Senobis gayidvac

da misi quTaisSi samudamod datoveba.

alaviZis gancxadebidan gamomdinare,

raRac ver vixseneb istoriul SenobaSi

ganTavsebul saministros, garda

sagareo saqmeTa saministrosa _ CitaZis

quCaze, amortizebul, Zvel da samin-

istrosTvis erTob mouxerxebel

SenobaSi ganTavsebuls. ai, rac Seexeba

parlaments, is marTlac fundamentur,

solidur SenobaSia ganTavsebuli,

Tanac rusTavelis prospeqtze.

am Senobas 1992 wlis dasawyisSi

(omis Semdeg) Tvali daadges „patri-

otma“ qalaqis mesveurebma, romlebmac

im sababiT, rom 1991-92 wlebis msgavs

samxedro dapirispirebas momavalSi ar

hqonoda adgili, gadawyvites parla-

mentis axali Senobis Tbilisis zRvaze

aSeneba (centridan Sors). garda amisa,

rusTavelze arsebuli saministroebis

sxvagan gadatana da rusTavelis prospe-

qtis salaRobod gadaqceva.

es iyo motivi, romelic 1992 wlis

Tebervals droebiTi mTavrobis sxdo-

maze ganixiles. sinamdvileSi „patriot

qarTvelebs“ parlamentis Senobis, biz-

nesisTvis gadacema surdaT da iq maRa-

ziebis gaxsna da rom ara cxonebuli

gogi andronikaSvilis, Tqveni monamor-

Cilisa da arqiteqtor vaxtang cux-

iSvilis Zalisxmeva, Senoba didi xania

biznesis xelSi iqneboda. im Zveli

qarTveli „patriotebis“ naSierebi

apireben mamaTa mier ganuxorcielebeli

ideis ganxorcielebas.

garda CamoTvlili negatiuri mo-

mentebisa, udavod unda aRvniSnoT

mTavari _ kvirikaSvilis iniciativa

gaJRerda SimSilis zRvarze myof,

ekonomikurad gaRatakebul

saqarTveloSi. nacvlad imisa, rom

xelisufleba cdilobdes xalxis Sim-

Silisgan gadarCenas _ „samTavrobo

qalaqis“ aSenebas gegmavs, riTac mil-

ionobiT larisa Tu dolaris flangvas

apirebs.

amas winaT, qalaqis merma narmaniam

_ saakaSvilis mier aSenebuli saSineli

ori “trubebis“ demontaJisTvis da

Zveli qalaqidan gadatanisTvis fuli

ar gvaqvso _ ganacxada. maS, ra

mSeneblobaze gveubneba kvirikaSvili?

netav, ufulod moxdeba „samTavrobo

qalaqis“ aSeneba?

da bolos _ kvirikaSvilis inicia-

tiva imdenad seriozulia, udavod Se-

Tanxmebulia ivaniSvilTan, ufro metic,

darwmunebuli var, es iniciativa

ivaniSvilisaa da ara kvirikaSvilis,

vinaidan, mas mosdis esoden gafrenili

„aRmSeneblobiTi“ ideebi, masTan

daaxloebuli samSeneblo kompaniebis

dasasaqmeblad, cxadia saxelmwifo bi-

ujetis xarjze.

modiT gauTaveblad viZaxoT _

saakaSvilisgan gagvaTavisuflao,

Tvali davxuWoT „sagmiro“ saqmeebze,

risi mowmenic gavxdiT da gavxdebiT.

vaqoT ise, rogorc amas akeTebs qal-

batoni lia sturua, „saqarTvelos re-

spublika“-Si gamoqveynebul statiaSi.

da erTi wuTiTac ar vifiqroT _ saiT

mivdivarT an ra hqvia im mmarTvelobas,

rasac saqarTveloSi aqvs adgili.

mmarTvelobas, rasac saqarTveloSi

aqvs adgili _ erTi batonis mier

qveynis marTva hqvia. mas arc konstitu-

cia sWirdeba da arc saxelmwifo struq-

turebi. amitomacaa dakninebuli prezi-

dentis, premieris, parlamentis funq-

ciebi. da nacvlad imisa, rom sazoga-

doebam, metadre inteligenciam gamosafx-

izlebeli SeZaxiliT mimarTos „minis

sasaxleSi“ myofs da mis mojamagire

xelisuflebas _ diTirambebiT amkobs.

„xe rom fiqrobs da ufro mkafiod

gamoxatavs amas foTolcveniT, ay-

vavebiT, pirveli simwvane rom tkiva

da neSosferi ufro mSvidi aqvs. amas

Tu ar grZnobs da ar uyvars, ise

adamiani ar amoiRebs aswlovan mSvenier

xes iqidan, sadac viRacam SeiZleba

gamoiaros, moWras es xe, cecxli daan-

Tos, ZaRlebma miaSardon, rom gadai-

tanos iseT adgilas, sadac uvlian,

adamianebi modian, uyureben: zogs wu-

Tierad uxaria, zogi ara gulgril

mayureblad, mowmed, aramed bunebis

Semadgenel nawilad grZnobs Tavs, es

danaSauli ki araa _ ganxorcielebuli

baRis idea, RvTaebrivi baRis“.

mainc ra ZaliT uWyletia tvini

qalbaton lias „mama-marCenalisTvis“

xotbis Sesasxmelad, ramdeni ufiqria

im ucnauri „hobis“ gasamarTleblad,

biZinas rom aqvs Seyrili. ase icis

biZinas „stipendiam“.

W. hamletiZe,politologi


hUypwU-!ov!nbsUbwU!tbXft!bmlpipmjt

{fnprnfefcjt!rwfT"fotografi goga Canadiri socialur

qselSi statuss aqveynebs:

„amaRelvebeli ambavia.

aucileblad waikiTxeT.

...maRaziaSi yofnisas, Cemi yuradReba

miipyro eqvsiode wlis biWunam, romel-

sac xelSi CaebRuja Tojina, molare

ki mas daJinebiT umeorebda:

_ Seni fuliT am Tojinas ver iyi-

di.

uceb, bavSvi momibrunda da mkiTxa:

_ Tqven darwmunebuli xarT, rom es

fuli marTlac ar aris sakmarisi?

RimiliT davuTvale fuli.

_ biWuna, molare marTalia, es fuli

marTlac ar geyofa, rom es Tojina

iyido _ vuTxari me, magram amis miuxe-

davad, biWi xelidan ar uSvebda saTa-

maSos. misma sijiutem gamakvirva... dar-

wmunebuli iyo, rom sakmarisi fuli

hqonda...isev mivuaxlovdi da vkiTxe,

mainc visTvis undoda saCuqari.

_ es Tojina, Cem daikos Zalian

moswonda da undoda, rom misTvis eyi-

daT... me Zalian mindoda dabadebis

dRisTvis meCuqebina... axla ki, dedas

unda gavatano masTan... Cemi da RmerTTan

wavida... mama ambobs, rom dedac male

wava RmerTTan, amitom vifiqre vuyiddi

da mas gavatandi... iqneb gadasces.

guliscema momentalurad gamiCerda.

bavSvma isev amomxeda: _ me mamas vTxove

deda ar gauSvas Cems dabrunebamde.

Semdeg man maCvena foto, romelzec

aRbeWdili iyo misi saxe... Rimiliani

da bednieri.

_ me minda rom es fotoc gavatano

dedas, ar minda daikos davaviwyde!

mama ambobs, rom is aucileblad unda

wavides Cem patara dasTan.

Semdeg isev Sexeda Tojinas

naRvliani TvalebiT.

me saswrafod amoviRe jibidan sa-

fule da SevTavaze xelaxla gadagveT-

vala misi fuli.

_ Sen xom gjera, rom gaqvs sakmarisi

fuli? _ vkiTxe me.

_ ki, me mjera _ Tavi damiqnia.

misgan SeumCnevlad davamate fuli

da gadaTvlis Semdeg vuTxari, rom is

ar cdeboda da marTlac SeeZlo eyida

Tojina.

amis gagonebaze bavSvma Tqva: _ mad-

loba RmerTo, rom gaigone Cemi Txovna!

guSin, Zilis win vTxove, rom moeca

sakmarisi fuli... aseve, mindoda TeTri

vardic meyida dedisTvis, magram

RmerTisTvis es aRar miTxovia. magram

axla SemiZlia viyido orive. dedikos

uyvars TeTri vardebi!

saxlSi dabrunebis Semdegac, didxans

vfiqrobdi am bavSvze. Semdeg, gamaxsenda

2 dRis win, adgilobriv gazeTSi gamo-

qveynebuli statia momxdari tragikuli

faqtis Sesaxeb: mZRoli, romelic nas-

vami mdgomareobaSi marTavda avtomo-

bils, daejaxa deda-Svils. bavSvi adg-

ilze daiRupa, xolo dedamisi, rogorc

statiaSi ewera, imyofeboda komaSi.

nuTu, es tragedia, im biWunas ojaxs

exeba? _ ar masvenebda amaze fiqri.

2 dRis Semdeg, isev gamoqveynda sta-

tia, romelic iuwyeboda komaSi myofi

axalgazrda qalis gardacvalebis

Sesaxeb... ojaxis wevrebis TanxmobiT

mas gamourTes sasunTqi aparati.

dakrZalvaze mivedi... axalgazrda

qalis cxedari esvena... erT xelSi To-

jina da foto hqonda, meoreSi ki _

TeTri vardi. me vgrZnobdi, rom Cemi

cxovreba Seicvala... verasdros SevZleb

daviviwyo patara biWis siyvaruli

dedisa da dis mimarT.

gTxovT, nu marTvaT saWes alko-

holuri sasmelis zemoqmedebis qveS!

Tqven SesaZloa daangrioT aramarto

Tqveni cxovreba...

madloba irakli karanaZes, rom es

ambavi gavige”, _ wers goga Canadiri.

Cveni Zmobisa iyos!ara, sadRegrZelos rodi vityvi,

ubralod adamianuri gancda minda gadag-iSaloT tkiviliani-cocxal xsovnasrodi Semoeblandeba daviwyebis xavsi...

walenjixeli agronomi miSa TadasZe kvaracxelia did samamulo omSidaiRupa. meuRlem, usayvarlesma dauerTgulesma Tanamecxedrem dakolegam, saTno qalbatonma zina gor-daZem oTaraanT qvrivoba gamoiCina _umamo Svilebi: givi da jemali (guli)kvaracxeliebi sanimuSod, saxelovanadamianebad, sazogadoebis Rirseulwevrebad aRzarda. mamidam foTom _pedagogma sakuTar bednierebaze winobol ZmisSvilebze zrunva da amagidaayena.

„mamis alikvali ariano, mamasaviTgamorCeulebi“ _ ityodnen miSas Taname-droveni Zmebze da saxeze sixaruligadaefinebodaT. umcrosis, jemalisda Cemi gzebi ymawvilkacobidanSegviristdnen, urTierToba guliTa-dobis guliTadobiT da gulwrfelo-biT yoveldRiurad Rrmavdeboda, mt-kicdeboda da Zlierdeboda, ramacnaTesaoba, maxlobloba, saerTo mego-broba moicva. Cveni urTierToba siamisnetarebas aniWebda jemalis dedas,Zmas. marTlacda yvelas samagaliTodmiaCnda wminda, wrfeli grZnobis mimarTase saTuTi damokidebuleba. CvenojaxebiT viyaviT Zmobis RirsebiTSemkulni. erTmaneTis gvesmoda, erT-maneTs vujerebdiT, erTmaneTs vuziareb-diT azrebs. lukma purs viyofdiT tk-bilsa da gemriels tkbilad da gem-rielad. Cveni erTmaneTTan misvla, er-Tad yofna RviZli Zmebis erTobas daerTianobas udrida. jemali tanaxovani,naTeli, xalasi guliT amaRlebuli,„tomba koCi“ gaxldaT, znekeTilobiT_ upirveles sufTa sindisis av-toritetiT. samsaxurSi, mSobliurSromiT koleqtivSi _ walenjixis av-tosatransporto sawarmoSi, sazoga-doebaSi, mezoblebsa da megobrobaSigamoirCeoda samarTlianobiT, Tanad-gomiT, erTgulebiT. yvelgan sikeTesTesavda...

„magram xangrZliv es sofeligaaxarebs visme gana?“: ganier mkerdqveS

mborgavi mxurvale guli mZime senma

moicva. ver vuSveleT, veRar gasWra

veranairma cdam da mondomebam.

20 marts oci weli gasrulda jemal

kvaracxelias araamqveyniurobidan.

yovelnairad vcdilob uSurvelad vzi-

do Cemi uZvirfasesi jemalis siyvaruli

sazogadoebaSi. jemalis megobrebi

xSirad vikribebiT mis samaradJamo

gansasvenebelTan, walenjixis wminda

macxovris feriscvalebis eklesiasTan...

vigonebT jemalis cxovrebis saintere-

so peripetiebs. Tanaklaselma, Jur-

nalistma Tamaz fifiam mxatvrulsity-

vaobiT _ leqsis qargaTi mSvenivrad

gadmosca jemalis buneba, zne-xasiaTi,

misi kacuri Rirsebebi.meuRle roza canava _ usaTnoesi

da keTilSobili adamiani, romelzec

mTlianad gadavida ojaxis gaZRolis

mZime tvirTi, Rirseulad eweva am mova-

leobas; umamod gazarda ori qal-

iSvili, swor gzaze daayena isini.

dRes ukve daojaxebulebi didi siy-

varuliT igoneben mamas, madlobas ux-

dian moamage dedas.jemali kvaracxelias _ am qveynidan

udrood wasuli kacis sicocxle

grZeldeba SvilebSi, monatrebaSi, ar-

daviwyebasa da ukvdavebaSi.

nugzari zarqua

ubTj-!lvlvsj-!Drbsj!ubTj"espaneTSi damTavrda 12-wliani sag-

amoZiebo procesi, romelsac istoriulimniSvneloba aqvs. umkacresad dasajesespaneTis mefis siZe da misi qaliSvili!

manamde, mefe xuan karlosi gadadga!gadadgomis mizezi reputaciis SelaxvagaxldaT.

ai, es aris klasikuri magaliTi imisa,Tu „davarcxnil” qveyanaSi, sadacbatonobs samarTali da demokratia, raSeiZleba mohyves umaRlesi xelisufalismier sakuTari Rirsebis dakargvas!

aseve, ai, damoukidebeli sasamarT-lo!

aseve, ai, damoukidebeli gamoZieba daprokuratura!

vinmes es mavanis sasamarTlo aregonos da mavanis prokuratura!

Tu gaxsovT, ramdenime wlis win es-paneTis mosamarTlem londonSi stumradmyofi Ciles diqtatoris pinoCetis da-patimrebis orderi gasca... da Zlivs„gaapares” igi britaneTidan, isic sax-elmwifos specsamsaxurebis momdomebisSedegad.

ver (da ar) Caeria mefe mosamarTlissaqmianobaSi. is mosamarTle krebsiTimurusiZe ar iyo! arc krebsiTi axvle-diani!

iq, umaRles Zalovan struqturebSi,ZiriTadad, zneobrivi profesionalebimuSaoben, romlebic ar vaWroben, bo-tasebs ar iparaven sxva qveynebSi mogza-urobis dros, enas ar atlikineben „san-do” JurnalistebTan da romlebic ardafrTianebulan kublaSvilis da kez-eraSvilis mfarvelobis qveS!

isini naklebs, magram Wkvianurad la-parakoben, ar zafraven sazogadoebasda dinjad, uyoymanod, principulad,wlobiT da bolomde mihyvebian saqmes!

maTTvis Zveli romauli principia um-Tavresi, xatovnad rom vTqvaT: „qveyanarom daiqces, samarTalma puri undaWamos!”

rac Seexeba mefis gadadgomas, vinmeses narmanias moadgilis gadadgomistolfasad ar moeCvenos. arc mavanissaprezidento, sapremiero Tu saministrosavarZeli warmoidginos

man taxti daTmo, samefo taxti!is espaneTis nacionaluri gmiria da,

miuxedavad amisa, man, romelmac,praqtikulad, qveyana ganaaxla da gadaaq-cia demokratul saxelmwifod, CaTvala,rom espaneTi ar imsaxurebs reputaci-aSelaxul mefes!

arc siZes gamoesarCla (Cveni prezi-dentis sayuradRebod)! arada, es siZe,rogorc sportsmeni, qvelmoqmedi dasazogado moRvawe, espaneTis axalgazr-dobis kerpi gaxldaT!

hoda, am kerps... miusajes!!! aravin argaikara, arc ucxoeTSi, xelburTismwvrTnelobazec ki veravin daiTanxma!

kacma, SeiZleba, gaocebisgan pirigaaRo!!!

arc qaliSvils gamoesarCla, romel-sac didi jarima daakisres!

ufro metic, axalma mefem, filipem,sakuTar das da siZes hercogis tituliCamoarTva!!!

da kidev erTi: roca axalgazrdamefes axasiaTeben, espanuri sazogadoebada media uyoymanod mianiSneben misumwikvlo (!!!) reputacias!

es, espaneTia!!!is espaneTi, romlis parlamentSic 36

milioneri ar zis deputatad!

taSi, kukuri!

nugzar fofxaZe

is, rac axali mzis sistemis Sesaxeb unda icodeT _ 3planetaze sicocxlis arsebobas varaudoben

dRes kacobrioba unikalur epoqaSicxovrobs. mecnierebi da specialis-tebi Tanamedrove teqnologiebiswyalobiT, TiTqmis yovelTviuradaxal-axali aRmoCenebiT gvanebivreben.progresma ganviTarebis arnaxuldones miaRwia. teqnologiebis gan-viTarebasTan erTad, adamiani axalsda sainteresos dedamiwis sazRvrebsgareTac eZebs.

2017 wlis 22 Tebervals amerikulmakosmosurma saagento NASA-m sagangebopreskonferencia gamarTa. mecnierebisgancxadebiT, astronomebi aRmoCeniliaxali mzis sistemis planetebze sic-ocxlis arsebobas varaudoben.

mzis sistema saxelwodebiT TRAP-PIST-1 merwyulis TanavarskvlavedSimdebareobs. am konkretul SemTxvevaSitermini “mzis sistema” cota xmamaR-ali naTqvamia. TRAPPIST-1-is centrSiwiTeli kaSkaSa varskvlavi mdebare-obs, romlis garSemo Svidi egzo-planeta brunavs. egzoplanetas _Cveni mzis sistemis farglebs gareTmdebare planetas uwodeben, romlebicvarskvlavis da ara mzis garSemobrunaven.

egzoplanetebis intensiuriSeswavla 1990-ani wlebidan daiwyo.Cveni mzis sistemis farglebs gareTpirveli planeta 1995 wels aRmoaCines.2009 wlidan maTi Seswavla kosmosuriteleskopiT “kepleriT” daiwyes. 2017wlis Tebervlis mdgomareobiT dadas-turebulia 2 688 saplaneto sistemaSimdebare 3 579 egzoplanetis aRmoCena.Tanamedrove astronomiis mTavari amo-cana _ am egzoplanetebSi Cveni dedami-wis msgavsi obieqtis aRmoCenaa.

TRAPPIST-1 2016 wels belgiislieJis universistetis TanamSromelma

mixael Jionma swored am meTodiTaRmoaCina. varskvlavis fonze (isiupiterze mxolod 11%-iT didia)mecnierma sami planeta daafiqsira.saxelwodeba aRmoCenam teleskopisTRAPPIST (TRAnsiting Planets and Plan-etesImals Small Telescope) pativsacemadmiiRo. astronomebma dakvirveba gana-grZes da maleve kidev 4 planeta aR-moaCines.

sxvadasxva meTodebis gamoyenebiTastronomebma Svidive planetis brun-vis sixSire da orbitebi gansazRvres.aseve dadginda maTi zomebi da wona.magaliTad, xuTi planeta (b, c, e, f dag) zomiT TiTqmis Cven planetasSeesabameba. danarCeni ori (d da h)dedamiwaze patarebi da amavdrouladmarsze didebi arian.

planetebis qimiuri SemadgenlobisdadgenisTvis astronomebi mZlavriorbituli teleskopebis Hubble-is daJames Webb-is (am ukanasknels kos-mosSi momaval wels gauSveben)gamoyenebas apireben.

am etapze bevri garemoebis Sesaxebastronomebi mxolod varaudiTsaubroben. Tumca maTive ganmartebiT,TRAPPIST-1-is sistemaSi arsebuli 7planetidan 3-ze (e, f da g) SesaZlebe-lia sicocxlisTvis xelsayrelipirobebi arsebobdes.

mTavari sirTule, rac axlad aR-moCenili planeturi sistemis de-talur Seswavlas arTulebs _ manZil-ia. TRAPPIST-1 da misi egzoplanetebidedamiwidan TiTqmis 40 sinaTliswliT arian daSorebulni. am sididisufro martivad aRTqmisTvis getyviT,rom es distancia 37 trilioni kilo-metris eqvivalenturia.

moamzada nukri mgelaZem


(ibeWdeba mcireodeni SemoklebiT)batono aleqsandre!raki vambob: meore Ria werili, e.i.

unda arsebobdes pirveli Ria werilic.igi marTlac arsebobs da daibeWdaamave gazeTis ama wlis 27 ivliss. amwerilSi me Tqvens mimarT garkveulsimpatiebs gamovxatavdi da, gadarebdiTra Tqvens winamorbed bolodroindelministrebs, mivesalmebodi Tqvens ko-munikabelobas, auditoriasTan kon-taqtis mzaobas. gansakuTrebuli da-debiTi emocia gamoiwvia CemSi pedago-gebis mimarT gamoTqmulma Tqvenma bo-diSma Tqveni winamorbedebis Secdomebisgamo. CemTvis piradad sasiamovno iyoimis mosmenac, rom is, rasac Tqven am-bobT, mxolod Tqveni subieqturi azria/mosazrebaa/ da ara udavo WeSmariteba,anu ar gamoricxavdiT, rom SeiZlebaraRac SegSlodaT. isev winamorbedministrebs gadarebdiT da vfiqrobdi:RmerTo Cemo! ra RvTisnieri kacimovida ministrad. wina ministrebi, aba,amas rogor ityodnen, TavianTi azrisWeSmaritebaSi eWvs rogor Seitandnen-meTqi. Tqveni amgvari demokratiulobiT,gaxsnilobiT, sisadaviT, erTgvari si-laRiTac ki Tqven bevr bolodroin-del ministrze popularuli gaxdiT.

mxolod erTi ram makvirvebda imTa-viTve: nacvlad imisa, rom ganaTlebisCaSlil reformasa da misi gamoswo-rebis gzebis Ziebaze gelaparakaT,Tqven uceb alaparakdiT gombeSoebze,kombleze, nacarqeqiaze (rwyilisa daWianWvelas Temamde jer kidev ar iyaviTmisuli). Cems gakvirvebas isic iwvevda,rom Tqven maincadamainc didi wuxiliar gamogixatavT imis gamo, rom saSua-lo skolis damamTavrebel gamocdebze3 aTasamde moswavle CaiWra. ufro me-tic, Tqven es savsebiT normalur vi-Tarebad miiCnieT da piriqiT, aqeTdaamunaTeT SeSfoTebuli xalxi: nuRelavT, aseTi ram adrec momxdara,amaSi araferia sagangaSoo. is ki arada,erTxans am monacemebis damalvasac kicdilobdiT.

swored maSin, roca davrwmundi, romTqven yvelaferze laparakobdiT, gardaganaTlebis sistemaSi arsebuli umZi-mesi viTarebisa, mogmarTeT pirveliRia weriliT da gTxoveT: kombleze,gombeSoebsa da nacarqeqiaze laparakisnacvlad, iqneb ganaTlebis sistemaSiarsebul urTules problemebze gvems-jela-Tqo. samsjelo da sakamaTo ad-gilic zustad migiTiTeT. es iyo „te-levizia qarTuli”, sadac me imxanadsaavtoro gadacemebi mimyavda ganaT-lebis sakiTxebze da Tanac tele-leqciebs vukiTxavdi erTerTi univer-sitetis studentebs. me, cxadia, kar-gad vacnobierebdi, rom diskusiaSiviwvevdi mecnierebisa da ganaTlebisministrs. amitom mavans Tavxedobasada ampartavnobaSi rom ar CamoerTmiapirdapir pirvel pirze gasvla, iZu-lebuli viyavi mesaubra imaze, razedaclaparaki me yovelTvis meuxerxuleba.kerZod, meTqva, rom am saqmisadmi meSemTxveviTi adamiani ara var. ufrokonkretulad ki, meTqva, rom var fi-losofiis mecnierebaTa doqtori, pro-fesori, dargobrivi akademiebis akade-mikosi. garda filosofiuri wignebisa,dawerili maqvs ori sqeltaniani wigni:„pedagogikis filosofiuri safuZvle-bi” da „anTropologuri pedagogika.dajildoebuli var gogebaSvilis pre-miiT. viyavi ganaTlebis mecnierebaTaakademiis prezidiumis wevri da ganaT-lebis mecnierebaTa akademiis Jurnal„moambis” redaqtori.

aJamad mimyavs televizia „qarTulTV-ze” gadacema „ganaTlebis filoso-fia”. vsargeblob ra Tqveni gancxade-biT, rom Tqven mzad xaT diskusiisaTvisganaTlebis sakiTxebze, giwvevT CemsgadacemaSi. winaswar getyviT rom, mear vapireb TqvenTan dapirispirebas.ubralod minda zogierT sakiTxTandakavSirebiT Tqveni mosazreba movis-mino da Cemi poziciac gagiziaroT.rogorc Cans, Cemma samecniero xaris-xebma da wodebebma Tqvenze maindamaincdidi STabeWdileba ver moaxdina, rad-gan saministrodan aravin gamomxmaure-bia.

mere Tqvens „feisbuqis” sakuTargverdze mogmarTeT igive TxovniT, Ta-nac zafxulSi, dasvenebaSi xeli romar SegSlodaT, seqtembrisaTvis Se-mogTavazeT Sexvedra. magram Tqven arc

am SemTxvevaSi momaqcieT yuradReba.ratom, batoni aleqsandre, ministrirom xarT, Tavi ar gamiyadreT?! arada,Tqven rom maSin CemTan SexvedrisaTvismogecalaT, albaT, acdebodiT, im rbi-lad rom vTqva, „uxerxulobebs”, racSemdgom dagigrovdaT da ramac e.w.„jejelavas” Tema aSkara salaRoboTemad aqcia. maSin Tqven jer kidevarc „rwyilsa da WianWvelamde” iyaviTmisuli da arc galaktionis „mTawmin-dis mTvaremde”. maSin Tqven rom CemTvismogegdoT yuri, getyodiT: ra droskombleze da nacarqeqiazea saubari,ra dros „rwyilisa da WianWvelas”garCevaa (isic saocrad araprofesiu-lad da primitiulad), roca mTelisaganmanaTlebo sistema gveqceva Tavze.

pedagogikas imitom vaxseneb xSirad,rom pedagogika igive aRzrdis mecnie-rebaa, aRzrdisa, romlis deficitidRes zomaze metad SeimCneva. hoda,aseT situaciaSi, Se ojaxaSenebulo,ra genacarqeqieba da gerwyilWianWve-leba. ar jobia saqmes mixedoT?! mar-Tali giTxraT, me Tqveni im dapirebisacar mjera, rom arnaxulad aamaRlebTmaswavleblis avtoritets da ekono-miuradac sasikeTod SecvliT pirobebs.anda, rogor SeiZleba sityvaze endoadamians, romelsac jer am mimarTu-lebiT bevri araferi (an sulac ara-feri) gaukeTebia (garda skolebisa damaswavleblebis Semcirebisa) da ro-melsac ar adardebs is, rom saqarT-veloSi pedagogi ar mzaddeba damale qveyanas ar eyoleba profesionalipedagogi. da iciT es ratom xdeba?!imitom, rom axla aseTi tendenciaa _yuri ar unda ugdoT mecnierebs, maTSoris adamianisa da misi aRzrdisSemswavlel mecnierebs da mecnierebebs.ver gamigia!

„literaturuli saqarTvelos” erT-erT nomerSi baton Tamaz wivwivaZisadmimiZRvnil werilSi me vwerdi: yuri mi-ugdeT brZenkacebs, RvTivkurTxeuladamianebs-meTqi da axlac imaves vi-meoreb.

batono aleqsandre! Cemi viwro spe-cialoba filosofiuri anTropolo-giaa, an sxvanairad, adamianis filo-sofiis specialisti gaxlavarT. Sesa-bamisad, wakiTxuli maqvs maqs Seleris,roTakeris, gelenis, martin haidegeris,karl iaspersis, Jan pol sartrisa dasxvaTa naSromebi adamianis arsis Se-saxeb, magram msgavsi msjelobebi ada-mianis Sesaxeb arsad Semxvedria. amerTob ucnauri originalobis mizeziki mecnierebis monacemebis gauTvalis-winebobaa Tqveni mxridan.

batono aleqsandre! Tqveni interviurom wavikiTxe, mivxvdi, rom TqvenmTlad martivi kaci ara xarT (albaT,marTvisa da menejmentis sakiTxebi kar-gad iciT), magram mainc humanitarulmecnierebebTan mwyralad myofi teqno-krati xarT da, rogorc teqnokrati,adamiansac ise uyurebT, rogorc man-qanas da ver iTvaliswinebT, rom,garda axsnis meTodisa, romelsac sa-bunebismetyvelo mecnierebebi iyeneben,arsebobs aseve gagebis meTodi, rome-lic movlenaTa Soris sazrisiani kav-Sirebisa da mniSvnelobebis gagebascdilobs.

samwuxarod, adamianze msjelobisasTqven ar axsenebT arcerT filosofoss.axsenebT mxolod deil karnegs, rome-lic filosofosi namdvilad araa. mewakiTxuli maqvs karnegis oTxive gax-maurebuli wigni, magram iq arsad argvxvdeba seriozuli msjeloba adamia-nis arsze, mis bunebaze Tumca, ramde-nadac maxsovs, karnegi arc imaze la-parakobs, rom Cven adamianebi „nisiad”vcxovrobT, rom „krediti” gaqvs aRe-buli da “vamZimebT” am codvil deda-miwas.

batono aleqsandre! Tqven rom kri-tikuli azrovneba ggoniaT, is kriti-kuli azrovneba ki ara, namdvili uaz-robaa! Tqven Tanamedrove skolis erT-erT naklad imas miiCnevT, rom igi araviTarebs kritikul azrovnebas daamaSi ar SemiZlia ar dageTanxmoT. ma-gram mTeli ubedureba isaa, is, risganviTarebasac Tqven ase dabejiTebiTmoiTxovT, namdvilad araa kritikuliazrovneba. maS, ra aris kritikuli az-rovneba? vici, rom gazeTisaTvis vam-zadeb werils da amitomac rac SeiZ-leba mokled vityvi: arsebobs azrov-nebis mravali saxe: praqtikuli az-

rovneba, xatovani azrovneba, cnebiTi(logikuri) azrovneba, kritikuli az-rovneba, kreatuli azrovneba, kogni-turi azrovneba...

Cven, adamianebi, Cveulebriv cnebiTiazrovnebiT vsargeblobT anu vazrov-nebT cnebebiT, msjelobebiTa da daskv-nebiT. amgvari azrovnebiT skola da-grovil codnas gadascems axal-gazrdebs, anu skola aZlevs moswavlescodnas bunebis, sazogadoebisa da ada-mianis Sesaxeb. bunebrivia, saskoloprocesi swavla-swavlebis procesia.skola (pedagogi) aswavlis, moswavleswavlobs. swavlobs imas, rac ukvedagrovilia mecnieruli codnis sa-xiT.

axla ra aris kritikuli azrovneba?kritikuli azrovnebis SemTxvevaSi mos-wavle ki ar aiTvisebs ukve arsebul,dadgenil, myar codnas, aramed amaTu im sakiTxze codnis alternatiulivariantebidan Tavad aRmoaCens axalcodnas, ayalibebs sakuTar pozicias.ase magaliTad, cnebiTi azrovnebisSemTxvevaSi moswavles aswavlian _ra aris mecniereba (mecnierulicodna). aseve aswavlian _ ra arisrwmena (religiuri rwmena). kritikuliazrovnebis SemTxvevaSi ki mas ekiTxe-bian: ra damokidebuleba arsebobsmecnierul codnasa da religiur rwme-nas Soris _ upirispirdebian Tu avsebenisini erTmaneTs. aseT SemTxvevaSi mos-wavle TviTon iwyebs damoukidebelazrovnebas. ganixilavs, rogorc erT,ise meore Tvalsazriss, daalagebs wa-moyenebul argumentebs, afasebs, ram-denad Zlieria es argumentebi da ake-Tebs an aseT, an iseT daskvnas. rogorcvxedavT, aq moswavle Tavidan bolomdeCarTulia azrovnebis procesSi, aqtiu-ria, maZiebelia da a.S.

axla gavixsenoT kritikuli az-rovnebis Tqveneuli magaliTi.mkiTxvels rom ar moeCvenos, me raRacasvigoneb, an vaWarbeb, pirdapir Tqveniazris citirebiT daviwyeb: „qarTuliskola, samwuxarod, kritikul azrov-nebas arasakmarisad aswavlis (iSviaTibednieri gamonaklisebis garda). war-moidgineT moswavle, romelic ar dae-Tanxmeba Tamar mefis sidiades an Sah-abasis borotebas. aseT gansxvavebulazrebs Cveni skola ki ar miesalmebada waaxalisebs, aramed „gaafTrebiTebrZvis”. skola imisTvis unda iyos,rom bavSvis ganviTareba uzrunvelyosda misi gansxvavebuli azrebi miiRos”.am amonaridis mixedviT, gamodis, romkritikulad azrovnebs is moswavle,romelic ar daeTanxmeba Tamaris si-diades da Sah-abasis borotebas damwvaved tuqsavT im maswavlebels, ro-melic amgvarad moazrovne moswavlesgaubrazdeba da ar daafaseb mis amgvarkritikulobas.

didi bodiSi, batono aleqsandre!magram xom ar gvexumrebiT an dagvci-niT? romel mowafes unda mivesalmoTda romeli mowafe unda wavaxalisoT?romelic Tamar mefes Seuracxyofs(daamcrobs) da Sah-abass keTil ada-mianad gamoacxadebs?! esaa kritikuliazrovneba? ras ambobT, batono aleqsan-dre, bnela?! aseT mkrexelur azrebsrom miesalmos qarTuli skola, didiivane javaxiSvili xom saflavSi gad-abrundeba? xom ar gaviwydebaT, romTqven mecnierebisa da ganaTlebis mi-nistri brZandebiT da Tqveni “xelqvei-Tebi” (ratom RmerTs ar gaecineba)arian akademikosebi: giorgi kvesitaZe,roin metreveli, mariam lorTqifaniZe,guram TevzaZe, mzeqala SaniZe, guCakvaracxelia, avTandil arabuli, eliz-bar javeliZe, elguja xinTibiZe, nanaxazaraZe, daviT musxeliSvili da sxve-bic (vinc weris momentSi uceb ver ga-vixsene, yvela maTgans patiebas vTxov!)...am xalxis ar geridebaT, amas rom am-bobT? amas aswavliT mecnierebisa daganaTlebis ministri Tqvens aTasobiTmaswavlebels da aTi aTasobiT mos-wavlesa da mSobels?!

me meCveneba rom, Tqven giWirT imgansxvavebis danaxva, rac arsebobscxovrebiseul simarTlesa damxatvrul simarTles Soris. Sesabami-sad, mxatvrul nawarmoebs (es exebamiTsac, zRaparsac, leqssac da moTxro-basac) ganixilavT rogorc cxovrebi-seul simarTles anu yvelafers, racnawarmoebSi weria, pirdapiri mniSvne-lobiT igebT. samwuxarod, yvela Tqveni

Secdoma komblesTan, nacarqeqiasTan,rwyilsa da WianWvelasTan mimarTebaSiam ori simarTlis ganusxvavebulo-bidan modis.

arada, gansxvavebiT cxovrebiseulisimarTlisagan, sadac naTqvami pirdapirunda iTqvas gagebuli, mxatvrul si-marTleSi bevria pirobiToba, alego-riebi, simboloebi, mxatvruli saxeebi_ Sedareba, metafora, epiTeti, hiper-bola, gapirovneba. bevria, mwerlurifantaziisa da gamonagonis nayofi.

ase magaliTad, vaJa-fSavelas sity-vebs: „dRem daixura pirbade, mTebmadaxuWes Tvalebi” Tu pirdapiri mniSvne-lobiT gavigebT, miviRebT nonsenss,srul uazrobas, magram, Tu gavixsenebT,rom sinamdvileSi saqme gvaqvsmxatvrul saxesTan, kerZod, gapirov-nebasTan, yvelaferi Tavis adgilzedadgeba da mivxvdebiT, rom aq dRismier pirbadis gadafarebaze ki araamarTla laparaki da arc mTebis Tva-lebis daxuWva-gaRebaze, aramed naTqva-mia: „daRamda”, „dabnelda”. oRond sau-keTeso mxatvruli xerxiT, iseTiT, ro-gorc genialur vaJa-fSavelas ekadre-ba.

axla sxva gansxvavebis Sesaxeb: cxov-rebis simarTlis asaxvisas, hiperbola,rogorc wesi, ar gamoiyeneba. Tu vinmemainc Seecdeba mis gamoyenebas, amgvarkacs Cven trabaxas, baqias, ampartavansveZaxiT. rac Seexeba mxatvrul lite-raturas, aq hiperbola ara Tu daSve-bulia, aramed vinmes aRmatebiT xa-risxSi warmoCenis saukeTeso saSua-lebaa. asea, magaliTad, xalxur leqsSi:

„vaxtang mefe RmerTs uyvarda,cidan Camoesma reka,ialbuzze fexi Sedga,didma mTebma iwyes dreka”.Tu am strofs cxovrebiseuli si-

marTliT mivudgebiT, did uazrobamdemivalT. marTalia, vaxtang mefe tanma-Rali, brge, axovani vaJkaci iyo, magramara iseTi, rom ialbuzze Seedga fexi.miTumetes, sxva mTebs dreka daewyoT.xolo Tu igive teqsts ganvixilavTmxatvrul nawarmoebSi gamoyenebulipirobiTobis gaTvaliswinebiT (anu, ro-gorc hiperbolas), miviRebT imis xaz-gasmas, rom vaxtang mefe uZlieresiadamiani iyo. sxvaTaSoris, Tqven mierdawunebuli rwyilis daxatvisas hi-perbolacaa gamoyenebuli da gapirov-nebac. gapirovnebaa, magaliTad, rocaigi adamianiviT elaparakeba Rors,Zroxas, arwivs da a.S. am teqstiTxazi esmeba imas, Tu rogor ibrZvisrwyili, (anu viRac adamiani) megobrisgadasarCenad. ra erTguli da saimedoadamiania igi.

erTgan Tqven ambobT: Cven gvindaaxali komble, axali nacarqeqia, axalirwyili, axali WianWvela. me ki geubne-biT: Cven ar gvinda axali komble,axali nacarqeqia, axali rwyili daaxali WianWvela. Cven gvinda kombles,nacarqeqias, rwyilisa da WianWvelisswori wakiTxva, swori gageba, sworiinterpretacia...

am sagazeTo werilSi me, cxadia,ver Sevexebi mxatvruli Sedarebis yve-la saxes, oRond kidev erT iseT ma-galiTs movitan, sadac sul sxva ramweria da sxva ram unda amoikiTxos ge-movnebianma mkiTxvelma. raRac gakve-TiliviT gamogvivida, risTvisac bodiSsvuxdi ganswavlul mkiTxvels, magramsaWiro da aucilebelia gakveTili,momavalSi Secdomebis Tavidan asaci-leblad.

kidev erTi da amiT dagemSvidobebiT,batono aleqsandre!

Tqven zustad Cemi Svilebis tolixarT. amitom mama-Svilurad kidev erTidarigeba miiReT: mecniereba, mecnieru-li codna da ganaTleba gaixadeTTqvens mokavSired (miTumetes mecnie-rebisa da ganaTlebis ministri xarT).mxolod am SemTxvevevaSi SeiZlebadRevandeli kargi menejeri garkveulixanis Semdeg kargi ministri gaxdeT!jerjerobiT ki bevri codnisa dagamocdilebis dagroveba dagWirdebaT.Tu amave gazeTis 27 ianvris nomerSidabeWdil Cems werils waikiTxavT,Tavad darwmundebiT, Tu visi rCevebiunda gaiTvaliswinoT, upirveles yov-lisa, vis unda miugdoT yuri!

rezo balanCivaZe

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12 4-18 aprili 2017 weli

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kaxeli tyeSi Sedis xis mosaWre-lad. xelze daifurTxebs, najaxsaiRebs da moiqnevs. am dros gamoCn-deba misi narkomani Svili.

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da najaxs aiRebs.Svili kvlav umeorebs:_ mami dagexmarebi, ra._ raSi unda damexmaro?_ xelze dagafurTxeb!

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nobs:_ ai, Tiniko, esaa is cxeniani

princi, me rom vocnebobdi!_ vaime, ra lamazi cxeniaaaa!

* * *ori Sinabera Sexvda erTmaneTs._ au, zogs marTlac ra bedi

aqvs. es Cveni mezobeli gaTxovda,sayvarelic hyavs da amas winaTgaaupatiures kidec!

„jtf!voeb!jUbnbTp-!Tfod!KvsobmfcTj!hbnphXjnpo"“dRevandeli sakvirao mogonebebis

stumari batoni oTar gabelia gaxlavT.batoni oTari Tbilisis „dinamoSi“ imwlebSi asparezobda rodesac gundmayvelaze STambeWdav warmatebebs miaRwia.

igi erTxel ssrk-is saukeTesomekared aRiares, warmatebul karisdarajTa sameulSi ki stabiluradxvdeboda...

„Cvens ojaxSi fexburTis bumi iyo,Tumca gana ase ar iyo maSin mTelsaqarTveloSi? Cven Cais meurneobaSivcxovrobdiT, romlis direqtori mamaiyo. im dros televizori yvela ojaxsar hqonda da amitom, roca „dinamos”matCebs gadmoscemdnen, CvenTan 20-25kaci yovelTvis ikribeboda.

guSindel dResaviT maxsovs: erTdRes mama movida, Jurnali „ogonioki”moitana, romlis garekanze sergokotrikaZis foto iyo da miTxra: „akaci, ro dasdev mag burTs, ise undaiTamaSo, Senc JurnalebSi gamogWimono”.9 wlis viyavi maSin da mamaCemis sityve-bi gulSi Camwvda. mgoni, saboloodswored maSin gadavwyvite fexburTelo-ba da karSi Cavdeqi. Cemi skolis gundimale quCebis Cempioni gaxda, foTSi,dasavleT zonis turnirze ki saukeTesomekare gavxdi! meaTe klasSi rom ga-davedi, zugdidis „dinamom” mimiwvia.iq ori weli gavCerdi, mere ki soxumSigadavedi.

soxumis „dinamoSi” gatarebuliwlebi dauviwyaria. vitali daraseliacsoxumSi gavicani. 1972 wels erevnis„araratTan” amxanaguri TamaSisTvisvemzadebodiT da im TamaSamde ramdenimedRiT adre gagvacno Cvenma mwvrTnelmagramatikopulom. „araratis” winaaRmdegdaraselia bolo 15 wuTs aTamaSamwvrTnelma da vitalis eyo es dro,rom gundSi darCeniliyo. sxvaTa Soris,3:2 movugeT im „ararats”, romelicmomdevno wels Cempioni da Tasismflobeli gaxda.

„dinamoSi” nodar axalkacma mimiwvia,magram vici, rom jer kidev mixeil

iakuSini makvirdeboda. Tumca, martome ara _ mis siaSi ramaz Sengelia,Tengiz sulaqveliZe da Tamaz kostavaciyvnen. rac Seexeba uSualod winadade-bas, nodar axalkacis SemoTavazebacxonebulma giga norakiZem gadmomcaCemsave qorwilSi _ im wuTebSi Cemzebednieri aravin iyo!

„dinamoSi” pirvelad 1977 wlisTebervalSi viTamaSe. amxanaguri matCe-bis Casatareblad Tbiliss lublianis„olimpia” ewvia da axalkacmac ZiriTadSemadgenlobaSi damayena. angariSi zus-tad ar maxsovs, magram didi sxvaobiTrom movigeT, amaSi darwmunebuli var.rac Seexeba oficialur matCs, 1977wlis 22 maisi iyo, baqos „nefTCisTan”4:1 gavimarjveT. baqoelebma erTaderTigoli penaltiT gamitanes, Tu arvcdebi abasovma daartya TerTmetme-triani.

1979 wlis sakavSiro Tasis finaliswin vicodi, rom ZiriTad Semadgen-lobaSi daviT gogias unda eTamaSa.Sematyobines _ nodar axalkacisgadawyvetilebiT, moskovis „dinamosTan”Sen iTamaSebo. Turme daTos fexi utke-nia.

maSindeli penaltebis seriaze bevrsverafers getyviT, sjobs sxvebma ila-parakon. saerTod, mekare dartymas arelodeba _ winaswar irCevs kuTxes.gazaevis penaltis win mec kuTxe avirCieda ise moxda, rom, gamovicani. TamaSismere rezo CelebaZe ambobda, me vurCieoTars saiT gadamxtariyoo, magram mT-lad egre ar aris da saerTod, Celesxumroba Zalian uyvars.

1979 wels Jurnalma „ogoniokma”saukeTeso mekared damasaxela _ Cemikerpis, sergo kotrikaZis mere meoreqarTveli gavxdi, romelmac es titulimoipova! es aRiareba, albaT, Tasis fi-nalSi mogeriebulma samma penaltmacganapiroba.

Cem dros sabWoTa kavSiris nomerpirveli mekare rinat dasaevi iyo.Zlieri gaxldaT, SesaniSnavi monacemebi

hqonda, magram erTi susti wertilimainc vupove _ roca konkurents SeniS-navda, nerviulobda da SecdomebsuSvebda. dasaevis fsiqologiuri prob-lemis Sesaxeb nakrebis mTavarma mwvrT-nelma konstantin beskovma kargad ico-da da amitom Cems nacvlad Sekrebazepilguis iwvevda _ icoda, rom maspirvelobaze pretenzia ar hqonda dadasaevic mSvidad eyoleboda. Tan,dasaevi moskovis „spartakSi” TamaSobdada misTvis nakrebis kari ufro advi-lad iReboda, vidre sxva klubebismekareebisTvis. qveynis pirvel gundSierTaderTxel viTamaSe, 1979 welsTbilisSi, germanelebis winaaRmdeg,Tumca sanakrebo Sekrebaze ramdenjermevyofilvar.

1981 wlis 13 maiss SiSi ar vicodiTra iyo. saerTod, yvela matCSi mosage-bad gavdiodiT. erTni viyaviT, erT-maneTis imedad da erTmaneTis Tanad-gomisTvis mzad. finali erTi TamaSia,erTi Secdoma, emociebs ayola da yve-laferi wyalSia Cayrili. sworedamisTvis mogvamzada cxonebulma ax-alkacma, sxva danarCeni _ fizikurimzadyofna, taqtika, marTalia ZalzemniSvnelovani, Tumc meorexarisxovaniiyo. xSirad meZaleboda emociebi, magram13 maiss yvelafers moverie. TasebisTasis finalis win forma davkarge.amis Sesaxeb lamis yvelgan daiwera,sadac odnav mainc Seexnen diusel-dorfis Temas. im ambavSi veravisdavadanaSauleb _ aeroportebSi xdebaaseTi gaugebrobebi. „adidasis”mesveurebma meore dResve momitanesaxali forma, bucebi ki CivaZem damiTmo_ ori wyvili hqonda wamoRebuli.

finalis dasasruli da SemdgomiwuTebi arasdros damaviwydeba _ TavisizmarSi megona! Cveni delegaciisxelmZRvaneli SoTa gorgoZe iyo damisi daxmarebiT biWebi ojaxebsdavukavSirdiT. sixarulisgan ojaxSiyvela tiroda!

1982 wlis miwuruls mwvrTnelebma

gundis gaaxalgazrdaveba gadawyvitesda „dinamodan” sxvebTan erTad wavedi.quTaisis „torpedom” mimiwvia, magramiq TiTqmis ar miTamaSia. 1984 wels„dinamo” daviT yifianma Caibara dadamexmareo, mTxova _ meore wridanunda meTamaSa. dnepropetrovskis„dneprTan” matCis win veteranebs gavyevikaspSi amxanagur matCze. erT-erTi Sete-vis mogeriebisas, mxriT Sevaskdi Zelsda aRmoCnda, rom laviwis Zvali gavi-texe. amis gamo im CempionatSi saerTodar miTamaSia _ yifiani kinaRam gagiJ-da.

saqarTvelos erovnuli Cempionatisdawyeba rom gadawyda, mSobliuri zug-dididan Semexmiannen _ Camodi, klubiCaibareo. arada, manamde mwvrTneliarasdros vyofilvar. vinerviule daase ar gamova-meTqi, mivwere. iqidanmitingebiT damemuqrnen, ar momasvenes,mokled, uSenod saqme ar gamovao. esmitingebi Zalian modaSi iyo maSin _Tu vinme rames aprotestebda, egrevemitingiT imuqreboda... mokled, Sevedinodar axalkacTan, im dros fexburTisfederaciis prezidenti iyo da ase daasea Cemi saqme, Tqveni konspeqtebimaTxoveT-Tqo. mwvrTnelobisgadawyvetilebaze gaecina da damiTmoTavis rveulebi. isic mirCia, gundimuxurSi moamzade, kargi pirobebiao.CxorowyusTan axlos, muxurSi banakiiyo SesaniSnavi mindvriT. gundi romCaviyvane, sakuTar Tavs gamovutydi,rom axalkacma Cemze, iqaur kacze ukeTicoda sad ra donis sportuli bazaiyo. rac Seexeba „odiSs”, Cempionaticudad ar dagviwyia _ sawyis turebSiliderTa Sorisac viyaviT...

memkvidre? Zalian momwonda akakidevaZis TamaSi. mas ramdenime kargi se-zoni hqonda, saqarTvelos nakrebSicadvilad daimkvidra adgili, magrammisi monacemebis patrons, gacilebiTmeti SeeZlo. samwuxaroa, rom devaZiskariera sworad ver ganviTarda“.

santiago gauCo

bybmj!Tfob[foj!xjhojt!tbnzbspt"megruli literaturis cocxalma klasikosma, batonma guri

otobaiam sisruleSi moiyvana Tavisi grandiozuli Canafiqri. misiudidesi ZalisxmeviT momzadda da wignad daistamba megrulipoeziis anTologia...

bravo patჷni guri! bravo!..magram, eiforia arafers gvargebs! aucilebelia sakanonmdeblo

garantiebi! aucilebelia struqturuli damcavi meqanizmebi! aserom, sazogadoebriobisa da xelisufleba-mTavrobis mxridan Tuiqneba adeqvaturi damokidebuleba kolxur-iberiul enaTa gadarCenis

problematikisadmi, _ darwmunebuli var, rom megrul enas (lazurs, svanurs da sakuTrivqarTulsac) gaqroba ar uweria!..

zurab kvaracxelia

amanaTi-jRonet (jRonaS Ti-jRonet, Sead. propagandiS Ti-propagandisti-propagandist,WyorponiS Ti-Wyorponti-Wyor-pont, trupaniS Ti-trupanti-trupant);amao-potik;amaoeba-potikiat, potikia;amara-falo;amas-Tes;amasobaSi-TeSobas;amarTuli-erxinil, korsil;amaswindeli-TeSwoxolier;amaRam-amser;amaRleba-eJinarafa, kurkuc(konusisebri);amaRlebuli-eJinarafil;amaRlebuloba-eJinarafua;amayi-pek, amay;amayoba-pekoba, amayoba;ambavi-ambe;ambari-baRuon, xula;ambor-hamor;amboxi-xiaC, boboxua;amgebi-akmagu;amgvari-egvar;amier-munox;amieridan-munoxSe;a m i e r k a v k a s i e l e b i -munoxkavkasaref;amindi-amind, taroz(kargi,zog.), limoS(moR-rublul dRes Tovlisdnoba), lodo(Tbili);amis-TeS;amisaTvis-TeSen;amis da-TeS do;amiseuli-TeSeur;

amisTana-Tejguar;amitom-TeSen;amitomac-TeSen xolo;amkinZveli-emakinZal, emakinZa-lixe (md.);amkrefi-emakorofal, emakoro-falixe (md.);amobibineba-eSvaSvua;amobibinebuli-eSvaSvir;amoburcva-eSabursua, aguZafa;a m o b urculi - e S a b ur s ir ,aguZafir;amogdeba-iSayoTama;amodgoma-elarina;amovleba-iSaluafa;amovlebuli-iSaluafir;amoTxvra-eSagiozua, etarkinua;a m oT x v r il i - e S a g i oz ir ,etarkiner;amoioxra-gegSekaSu;amokrefa-iSakorofua;amonayari-iSapoporel, Jvata,Joto, Cqvif(xis);amonariyi-iSarexil, mongera;amooxvra-gekaSua;amorecxva-eSanaxua;amosaoxri-gekaSal;amosaqneli-gadginal;amosunTqva-SuriS elabun,iSasunTqua;amoyorva-elaxabakua;amoyofa-iSacikafa;amocana-iSaCinefuer;amoxveva-iSaxifua;amoxsna-eSanwyuma;

malxaz grigolia

qarTul-iberuli (megruli) leqsikoni

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