BLOK 8

BLOK 8NEUROMUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMREFERENCES

Yamaguchi, T., (1981). A Color Atlas of Clinical Parasitology, Wolfe Medical Publictions Ltd, London, 293 pages.Jeffrey and Leach, (19..). Atlas of Medical Helminthology and Protozoology, 121 platesTEACHINGNEUROMUSCULAR PROBLEMS APATHIS: Sleeping sickness COMATOUS: Sleeping sickness PETECHIAL HAEMORRHAGES: Malaria

FOCAL EPILEPSY: Schistosomiasis, Paragonimiasis, Echinococcosis, Cysticercosis MENINGOENCEPHALITIS: Hartmanellosis, Acanthamoebiasis, Terramoebiasis, Sleeping sickness, Chagas disease, Toxoplasmosis, Angyostrongyliasis MENINGITIS: Ascaris HYDROCEPHALUS: Toxoplasmosis BRAIN ABSCESS: Amoebasis MIMIC CEREBRAL TUMOUR: Schistosomiasis, Paragonimiasis, Cysticercosis PARALYSIS: Schistosomiasis, Paragonimiasis, Cysticercosis

CAPILLARY EMBOLISM: Heterophyidiasis PSYCHOMOTOR DISTURBANCES: Trichinosis, Cysticercosis MYALGIA: Trichinosis MUSCULAR SWELLING: SarcosporidiasisPARASITIC DISEASESI. Nervous system

A. Protozoal

1. Amoebic brain abscess: Entamoeba histolytica

2. Primary amoebic meningoencephlitis: Naegleria, Hartmanella, Acanthamoeba3. Malaria: Plasmodium falciparum4. Kala Azar: Leishmania donovani5. Sleeping sickness: Trypanosoma gambiense, T. rhodesiense6. Chagas disease: Trypanosoma cruzi7. Toxoplasmosis: Toxoplasma gondiiB. Helminthic

1. Ascariasis: Ascaris lumbricoides2. Toxocariasis:Toxocara canis3. Trichinosis: Trichinella spiralis4. Gnathostomiasis: Gnathostoma spinigerum5. Angiostrongyliasis: Angiostrongylus cantonensis6. Schistosomiasis: Schistosoma japonicum, S. mansoni, S. haematobium7. Paragonimiasis: Paragonimus westermani8. Heterophyidiasis: Heterophyes heterophyes9. Echinococcosis: Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis10. Cysticercosis: Cysticercus cellulose11. Coenurosis: Multiceps multiceps12. Sparganosis: Sparganum mansoni, S. proliferumII. Muscular system

A. Protozoal

1. Sarcosporidiasis: Sarcocystis lindemanniB. Helminthic

1. Trichinosis: Trichinella spiralis2. Paragonimiasis: Paragonimus westermani3. Echinococcosis: Echinococcus multilocularis

4. Cysticercosis: Cysticercus cellulosae5. Sparganosis: Sparganum proliferumSPECIES

A ProtozoalFree living soil-amoebaS. lindemanni

B. Helminthic

1. NematodeT. spiralisG. spinigerumA. cantonensis2. Trematode H. heterophyes3. CestodeE. granulosus, E. multilocularis

C. cellulosae (syn. T. solium)C. cerebralis (syn. M. multiceps)S. mansoni (syn. Spirometra erinacei)MORPHOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLEFree living AmoebaS. lindemanni

T. spiralis

G. spinigerum

A. cantonensis

H. heterophyesE. granulosus, E. multilocularis

Cysticercus celluloseCoenurus cerebralis

Sparganun mansoniCases (Pictures)Free living Amoeba

Hartmanella sp: Trophozoites (light stained), Cysts (deep stained)

Y 668S. lindemanni

Y 804T. spiralisIn skeletal muscleY 877G. spinigerum

A. cantonensisIn subrachnoid spaceY 728H. heterophyes

E. granulosus, E. multilocularis

Hydatid cysts in brainY 744Hydatid cysts in muscle

Y 896

Cysticercus cellulose

A tumour from the right frontal lobeY 747Nodule in muscleY 902

Coenurus cerebralis

Sparganum mansoni

Club-shaped head of plerocercoid larva in subdural space

Y 757-758PRAKTIKUMSarcocystis lindemani

Trichinella spiralis

Heterophyes heterophyes

Echinococcus granulosusCysticercus cellulose (Taenia solium)Coenurus

SparganumTUTORIAL

ASSESSMENT:MSQ

1. The human tissue without any parasite invation: A. Brain, B. Meningen, C. Muscular, D. Skeletal.SOCAOSCEASSIGNMENT