boma 2019 楼宇复原力简章 · boma canada 2019 resilience brief boma 2019楼宇复原力简章...

BOMA 2019楼宇复原力简章

IS YOUR BUILDING READY? IS YOUR BUILDING READY?

您的建筑准备好了吗？您的建筑准备好了吗？您的建筑准备好了吗？您的建筑准备好了吗？

BOMA CANADA2019 RESILIENCE BRIEFBOMA CANADA2019 RESILIENCE BRIEF

Tel: (86-10) 65663220Tel: (86-21) 61010366

E- Mail: [email protected]: www.bomachina.org

北京·上海

BOMA 2019楼宇复原力简章BOMA CANADA 2019 RESILIENCE BRIEF

We are proud to present our Resilience Brief—a tool to help building owners and managers begin to consider resilience and the potential risks imposed by extreme weather events.

Dear friends,

Extreme weather events have been expanding in both frequency and intensity over the years. Building owners and managers are correspondingly responding with resilience measures to protect their assets and occupants.

To create more awareness of the challenges and opportunities associated with making your building more resilient, BOMA Canada has created this Resilience Brief. We do this knowing that resilience is complex and extreme weather events can be difficult to predict. There is seldom, if ever, a one-size-fits-all approach, since so much depends upon a given building’s physical location, topography and pre-existing design. But there are overarching approaches that building owners and managers can take to strengthen their assets and mitigate any risks from extreme weather.

Who should read this?

This brief is primarily intended for owners and managers of commercial real estate, and for anyone interested in how commercial building operations can be made more resilient to the effects of extreme weather. It is not intended to be comprehensive, nor does it take a prescriptive approach. However, we believe that anyone who works in, manages, or operates, commercial buildings would find the Resilience Brief valuable.

How should this brief be used?

This brief is intended to be an introduction to under -standing resilience and extreme weather risks facing the commercial real estate industry. It contains a brief

overview of resilience, while also providing more detailed information on resilience at the building level. The brief also offers essential adaptation strategies and potential next steps for building managers, operators and owners. What’s next?

This brief is a living document. We expect to update it constantly, as we learn more and more about how our industry can adapt to the challenges posed by extreme weather. We welcome your feedback. Look out for annual editions, in addition to other resilience-related products which are in the works, including an Assessment Protocol for Commercial Buildings which we expect to release in 2019.

We hope that you find our Resilience Brief useful, and that it can get you started on your journey to protect your building and occupants from extreme weather events.

Sincerely,

Benjamin Shinewald

President & CEO,

BOMA Canada

Resilience Brief

Addressing resilience in commercial real estate

Benjamin Shinewald

我们很自豪地介绍我们的复原力简章——一个帮助建

筑业主和管理者开始考虑复原力和极端天气事件带来

的潜在风险的工具。

亲爱的朋友们,

谁应该读这份简章？

该如何使用这份简章?

BOMA加拿大总裁兼首席执行官

此致,

接下来是什么?

复原力简章

解决商业地产的复原力问题

它包含了对复原力的简要概述，同时还提供了关于建

筑层面复原力的详细信息。简章还为项目经理、运营

商和业主提供了基本的适应策略和可能的下一步措

施。

这份简章将持续更新。随着我们越来越了解我们的行

业如何适应极端天气带来的挑战，我们期望能不断地

完善它。欢迎您随时反馈。除了正在开发的其他与复

原力相关的产品之外，也请关注年度出版物，包括我

们预计在2019年发布的商业建筑评估协议。

希望我们的复原力简章对您有所帮助，帮您踏出保护

您的建筑和用户免受极端天气损害的第一步。

多年来，极端天气出现的频率和强度都在不断增加。

建筑业主和管理人员正相应地采取复原力措施，以保

护其资产和用户。

为了让更多人意识到增加建筑复原力的挑战和机遇，

BOMA加拿大编写了这份复原力简章。这是因为我们

知道复原力很复杂，而极端天气事件很难预测。很少

有一种“放之四海而皆准”的方法，因为具体方法在

很大程度上取决于特定建筑的物理位置、地形和已有

的设计。但是，建筑业主和管理人员可以采取各种各

样的方法来加强对他们的资产的保护，减轻极端天气

带来的风险。

本简章主要面向商业地产的业主和管理者，以及任何

对如何使商业建筑运营对极端天气的影响更具复原力

感兴趣的人。本简章也许并不全面，也没有给出规定

的方法。然而，我们相信，任何在商业建筑中工作、

管理或运营的人都会发现其价值.

这份简章旨在介绍复原力的含义和商业房地产行业需

要面对的极端天气风险。

2 3


Acknowledgment

BOMA Canada gives special thanks to the following individuals for their contributions to the development of the BOMA Canada 2019 Resilience Brief.

Allan Yearwood – Colliers International

Anika de la Flor – QuadReal Property Group

Anna Murray – Bentall Kennedy (Canada) LP

Ben Welch – Triovest

Blair Feltmate – Intact Centre on Climate Adaptation

Caroline Bordeaux – Canderel

David Pitfield – Allied REIT

Erica Fisher – Brookfield

Jamie Gray-Donald – QuadReal Property Group

Jai Lu – University of Toronto, Trellis Group

Jon Douglas – Menkes Property Management

Karen Jalon – Cadillac Fairview Corporation

Lachlan MacQuarrie – Oxford Properties Group

Melissa Jacobs – First Capital Realty

Natalia Moudrak – Intact Centre on Climate Adaptation

Neil Mathews – Oxford Properties

Philippe Bernier – Triovest

Phillip Raffi – Colliers International

Puninda Thind – Bentall Kennedy (Canada) LP

Randal Froebelius – Equity ICI

Rick Moore – Northam Realty Advisors

Rob Simpson – Ivanhoe Cambridge

Sante Esposito – Colliers International

Benjamin Shinewald – BOMA Canada

Bala Gnanam – BOMA Toronto

John Smiciklas – BOMA Canada

Susan Allen – BOMA Toronto

Victoria Papp – BOMA Canada

BOMA Canada sincerely regrets any errors or omissions in the list above, and thanks all our volunteers and contributors for their support.

致谢

BOMA加拿大在此衷心感谢下列人士为BOMA

2019复原力简章所作出的贡献。

Allan Yearwood -高力国际

Anika de la Flor – QuadRea地产集团

Anna Murray – 奔拓肯尼迪公司

Ben Welch – Triovest

Blair Feltmate -气候适应综合中心

Caroline Bordeaux – Canderel

David Pitfield -盟国信托基金

Erica Fisher -博勒飞公司

Jamie Gray-Donald - QuadReal地产集团

Jai Lu – 多伦多大学, Trellis集团

Jon Douglas -门克斯物业管理

Karen Jalon -凯迪拉克美景公司

Lachlan MacQuarrie -牛津地产集团

Melissa Jacobs -第一资本房地产

Natalia Moudrak -气候适应中心

Neil Mathews - 牛津地产

Neil Mathews - 牛津地产

Philippe Bernier – Triovest

Phillip Raffi -高力国际

Puninda Thind - 奔拓肯尼迪（加拿大）有限合伙公司

Randal Froebelius – Equity ICI

Rick Moore -诺瑟姆房地产顾问

Rob Simpson -亿万豪剑桥公司

Sante Esposito -高力国际

Benjamin Shinewald – BOMA加拿大

Bala Gnanam – BOMA多伦多

John Smiciklas - BOMA加拿大

Susan Allen – BOMA多伦多

Victoria Papp – BOMA加拿大

4 5

以上信息如有任何错漏，BOMA加拿大在此诚挚地表

示歉意，再次感谢所有志愿者和贡献者的支持。


Table of Contents

Resilience Brief 2

Acknowledgment 4

A Call to Action 8

What is Resilience? 10

Adaptation Strategies 18

Advancing Resilience in Canadian CRE: BOMA’s Next Step 22

Advancing Resilience in Your Building: Your Next Steps 26

References 28

Copyright

The Building Owners and Managers Association (BOMA) of Canada owns the trademark on the cover of this document. Use or reproduction of this trademark is prohibited for any purpose (except as part of an accurate reproduction of the entire document) unless written permission is first obtained.

This document is subject to copyright protection. However, this document may be reproduced free of charge in any format or media without requiring specific permission, with the exception of its reproduction in whole or in part, in any media or format that is wholly or partially for the purpose of commercial gain. This permission is subject to the material being reproduced accurately and not being used in a derogatory manner or in a misleading context. If the material is being published or issued to others, the source and copyright status must be acknowledged. The permission to reproduce copyright protected material does not extend to any material in this document that is identified as being the copyright of a third party. Authorization to reproduce such materials must be obtained directly from the copyright holders concerned.

Disclaimer of Any Legal Liability

By reading this Brief you hereby agree to abide, without restriction or limitation of any kind whatsoever, by the terms of this disclaimer.

The Building Owners and Managers Association of Canada, including all of its officers, directors, employees, advisors, consultants, committee members, task force members, agents, volunteers and members (hereinafter collectively referred to as “BOMA”) has assembled the material in this document for the purpose of canvassing potential practices in dealing with the potential for an incident related to resilience/extreme weather as well as related and similar concerns. The information presented is solely and without exception, express or implied, for that purpose. BOMA makes no express or implied representations, warranties, guarantees, or promises, that the information presented is current or accurate at any point in time, be it presently, previously, or at any time in the future.

The information in these documents is not meant in any way to advocate, promote, or suggest any preferred method or methods for dealing with a resilience/extreme weather incident. Should the user confront any such incident, the users should seek professional assistance. Any legal,

financial, emergency, management, development, structural design, maintenance, security or

commercial issue whatsoever should be referred to a qualified professional who can properly as-

sess any risks inherent in following any plan to address a given issue. The information provided

is not a substitute for consulting with an experienced and qualified professional.

BOMA, its partners and affiliates or related organizations make no implied or express represen-

tation or warranty that the information contained herein is without risk. Furthermore, absolutely

none of these parties accept any responsibility or liability for any acts or omissions done or

omitted in reliance, in whole or in part, on this written report or any of its contents or inferences.

The same parties disclaim all responsibility or liability to any person, whether in contract, equity,

tort, statute, or law of any kind, for any direct or indirect losses, illness or injury, or damage, be

it general, incidental, consequential or punitive or any other kind of damage, relating to the use

of this Brief.

The information in these documents is not intended to cover every situation. Details which may

be relevant to a user’s particular circumstances may have been omitted. Users are advised to

seek professional advice before applying any information contained in this document to their

own particular circumstances. Users should always obtain appropriate professional advice on

security, legal, structural, organizational, personal, proprietary, public health, professional or

any other issues involved.

The information is presented “as is.” This Brief or any part thereof, including without limitation,

any appendices or related toolkits and/or resources, is not intended in any way, and is hereby

expressly denied, to create any relationship of any kind whatsoever or any duty of care between

BOMA ( or any of the persons or parties included in BOMA as defined) and any other person or

entity including without limiting the generality of the foregoing any person or entity that may

read, review, use or become aware of this Brief or any part thereof (collectively referred to as

the “user” throughout this disclaimer). The user also acknowledges that no such relationship is

created between it and the parties associated with this document’s development, production or

dissemination. The user also further acknowledges that this disclaimer prevents any possible

duty of care owed by BOMA to the user from ever arising, either by rule of law, equity, or statute

whatsoever including any obligation to keep this information current, validate it, ensure its

accuracy, or update it in any way and that the use of this Brief in whole or in part, cannot form

the basis for any possible legal claims or proceedings whatsoever as against BOMA.

3

5

9

11

19

23

27

29

-

-

复原力简章

致谢

行动号召

什么是复原力？

适应策略

提高加拿大商业地产复原力：BOMA的下一步

提高您建筑的复原力: 您的下一步

参考文献

版权

免除法律责任声明

阅读本简章即表示您不受任何限制制约，同意遵守本免责条款。

目录

BOMA加拿大拥有本文档封面上的商标。除非事先获得书面许可，否则禁止为

任何目的使用或复制该商标(当其属于整个文件的完整复印件的一部分时除外)。

本文件受版权保护。本文件可以在不需要特定许可的情况下，以任何格式或媒

介免费复制，完全或部分为了商业利益以任何格式或媒介复制其全部或部分内

容的情况除外。本许可仅适用于准确复制的材料，且不得以贬损的方式或在误

导的情况下使用。如果该材料发布或分发给他人，必须确认其来源和版权状

况。对受版权保护的材料进行复制的许可并不涵盖本文件中任何被认定属于第

三方版权的材料。复制这些资料的授权必须直接向有关版权持有人取得。

BOMA加拿大, 包括所有的官员、董事、雇员、顾问、顾问委员会成员、工作

组成员、代理、志愿者和成员(以下统称为“国际建筑业主与管理者协会”)编制

本文档材料的目的是针对复原力/极端天气以及类似问题，讨论可能的实践方

法。为此，这里所提供的信息无论是明示还是暗含、都是单纯为此目的而提供

的。国际建筑业主与管理者协会没有任何明示或暗示陈述、保证、担保或承诺

我们所展示的信息时刻通用或准确，包括现在、过去或未来的某一时刻。

这些文件中的信息并不意味着它能以任何方式提倡、促进或建议任何处理复原

力/极端天气事件的首选方法。如果用户遇到此类事件，应寻求专业协助。

任何法律、财务、紧急情况、管理、开发、结构设计、安全或商业方面的问题

都应该提交给一位合格的专业人员，由其针对处理特定问题的相关计划，合理

评估其中的固有风险。本文所提供的信息不能代替向经验丰富的专业人士进行

的咨询。

国际建筑业主与管理者协会,其合作伙伴和附属公司或相关机构没有暗示或明示

或保证本文所包含的信息没有风险。此外，任何依照或根据全部或部分本书面

报告、其任何内容或推论所采取的行动或者相关行为，上述各方绝对不承担任

何责任。同时，在与使用此指南相关的各种情况下，无论是在合同、股份、侵

权行为或任何形式的法律方面,对任何直接或间接损失、疾病或损伤或损坏,无论

是一般的、偶然的、间接的或惩罚性的或任何其他类型的损伤,上述各方不对任

何人承担任何义务或责任。

这些文件中的信息并不打算涵盖所有情况。与用户的特定情况有关的细节可能

省略。在将本文件所载的任何资料应用于用户本身的特定情况前，请先征询专

业意见。用户应在安全、法律、结构、组织、个人、专有、公共卫生、专业或

任何其他相关问题上获得适当的专业建议。

信息是“原样”呈现的。特此明确否认，本指南或其任何部分，包括但不限于任

何附录或相关工具包和/或资源，无意以任何方式在国际建筑业主与管理者协会

(或任何包括在国际建筑业主与管理者协会定义内的个人或政党)和任何其他个人

或实体之间创建任何类型的关系或任何谨慎责任，包括但不限于上述规定的一般

性的原则下任何可能读到、审阅、使用或了解本指南或本指南的任何部分的个人

或实体(在本免责声明中统称为“用户”)。用户还应知悉，其与本文件的开发、

生产或传播有关的各方之间也没有建立上述关系。用户应进一步知悉，此声明保

护国际建筑业主与管理者协会免于向用户承担任何可能基于法律、公平或法规而

产生的谨慎责任，包括通过任何方式保持信息的时效、对其进行验证、确保其准

确性或更新信息的责任义务。并且使用本指南的全部或部分内容不对国际建筑业

主与管理者协会构成使之承担任何可能的法律索赔或诉讼的基础。

6 7


Leaders in commercial real estate (CRE) increasingly recognize the business risks posed by extreme weather. In response, they are beginning to protect their assets.

Of course, extreme weather events are nothing new in Canada. However, climate change is accelerating the pace of these incidents. Commercial real estate was on the front lines of events like the 2013 Calgary flood, the 2016 Fort McMurray wildfires and the 2018 New Brunswick and Toronto floods. Hundred-year floods are happening every few years.

The effects of climate change are already being felt throughout our sector. Buildings built to withstand infrequent extreme weather events now must withstand those same events, but on a much more frequent pace. Design and operations were focused on day-to-day occupant comfort, but now must increasingly focus on business continuity, safety and wellbeing, as extreme weather events threaten short- and long-term impairment, loss of structures and risks to health and human safety.

Key stakeholders are also taking notice. Tenants are beginning to ask building managers if their buildings are prepared for extreme weather, and some owners are asking the same of their third-party managers. Moreover, insurers are expected to adjust their premiums based on a building’s risk profile vis-à-vis extreme weather events. Resilience is, therefore, emerging not only as a key way to mitigate risk to capital investment, but also as a way to respond to market demand from varying stakeholders with increasing sophistication.

Extreme weather disruptions may be inevitable, but minimizing the risks from them and/or rebounding from them isn’t. Resilience is your first line of defence. With some smart planning, it is possible to prevent the effects of extreme weather from damaging your assets and, where this is simply impossible, you can still take steps today to help you not only bounce back quickly but also to stay ahead of the effects of extreme weather tomorrow.

This BOMA Canada Resilience Brief is a first step in helping our member firms begin their journey towards making their assets more resilient. To that end, BOMA is currently developing a National Resilience Strategy aimed at providing our members with knowledge and tools that they can use to make their assets more resilient to the effects of extreme weather and related events. Already, we have some elements for you in the works ( see pages 12/13 .) And most importantly, in advancing this strategy, we will continue to work in close collaboration with our membership and with various levels of governments, academia and other key stakeholders to ensure that this work is as helpful and effective as possible.

A Call to Action

Tenants are beginning to ask building managers if their buildings are prepared for extreme weather.”“ “

行动号召

商业地产(CRE)的领导者们逐渐意识到极端天气带来的商业风险。为此，他们开始想方设法保护自己的资产。

当然，极端天气事件在加拿大早已屡见不鲜。然而，气

候变化正在加速这些事件的发生。商业地产直面极端天

气事件，比如2013年卡尔加里洪水、2016年麦克默里

堡大火、2018年新不伦瑞克和多伦多洪水。百年一遇

的洪水每隔几年就会发生一次。

气候变化的影响已经渗入各个领域。那些曾经为了承受

罕见极端天气事件而建的建筑现在却以高频率承受着同

样级别的事件。以往设计和运营的重点是日常使用的舒

适性，但现在则必须更多地关注业务连续性、安全性和

健康。因为极端天气事件的威胁包括短期和长期的损

害、建筑损失以及对健康和人类安全的风险。

租户们开始询问建筑管理者，他们的建筑是否做好了应对极端天气的准备。”

关键利益持分者也注意到了这一点。租户开始询问建

筑管理者，他们的建筑是否做好了应对极端天气的准

备，一些业主也开始向他们的第三方管理者询问同样

的问题。此外，保险公司预计将根据建筑物相对极端

天气事件的风险状况调整保费。因此，复原力不仅是

减轻资本投资风险的一种重要方式，也是一种应对越

来越成熟的不同利益持分者的市场需求的方式。

极端天气或许不可避免，但将其带来的风险最小化和/

或抵消则可以做到。复原力是第一道防线。一些明智

的计划就有可能防止极端天气的影响对你的资产造成

损害。就算完全不可能，仍然可以在当前采取措施，

这不仅可以帮助你迅速恢复正常运作，还可以预防未

来的极端天气影响。

这份BOMA复原力简章是帮助我们的会员公司增加资

产复原力的第一步。为此,BOMA正在制定一份国家复

原力战略，旨在为我们的会员提供专业知识和工具,使

他们的资产在面对极端天气影响和相关事件时更具复

原力。我们已经在成果中为您工作提供了一些元素(参

见第12/13页)。最重要的是，在推进这一战略的过程

中，我们将继续与我们的成员以及各级政府、学术界

和其他主要利益相关方密切合作，确保这项工作尽可

能取得有益和有效的成果。

8 9


What is Resilience?

For the purpose of this brief, BOMA Canada uses the following definition of resilience:

Resilience is the ability to prepare and plan for adverse extreme weather events and to absorb, recover from and successfully adapt to disruptions.(adapted from Cutter et al., 2013)

Canadian commercial real estate (CRE) is beginning to grapple with the challenges of adapting to extreme weather by learning how to transform their assets. A culture of resiliency is starting to emerge, creating an industry-wide mindset not only to mitigate extreme weather events (such as reducing greenhouse gas or GHG emissions) but also to adapt to current and future extreme weather-related challenges (such as installing impact-resistant glass which can avoid exploding and imploding windows during a severe weather event). This shift would significantly assist in meeting the challenge of extreme weather events and existing building infrastructure. It would also situate Canadian CRE in a position of strength for the future, creating aspirational goals for individual buildings, firms and the broader industry to embrace. Thus, it is of paramount importance that Canadian CRE welcomes climate resilience—that it embraces a mindset, a willingness and an ability to prepare and plan for adverse extreme weather events, and to absorb, recover from and successfully adapt to such disruptions.

Climate resilience drives capacity to maintain function in the face of shocks and stressors imposed by a changing climate, while helping CRE firms adapt their business models to meet a changing world. In other words, it is not

just about withstanding the elements, but it is also about benefiting from those shocks and stressors to come out on top against climatic events.

Figure 1Mitigation and adaptation flow chart

>

Green House Gas Emissions

Extreme Weather Events

Impacts on CRE

Responses

Mitigation Adaptation

复原力是指准备和计划应对恶劣极端天气事件的能力，以及承受、恢复和成功适应破坏的能力。

(改写自Cutter等人，2013)

>

什么是复原力?

在这份简章中,BOMA加拿大使用的复原力定义如下:

缓解和适应流程图

温室气体排放

极端天气事件

对商业地产的影响

应对措施

缓解适应

图表 1

加拿大商业地产公司(CRE)开始学习通过转变资产

来应对适应极端天气的挑战。复原力文化逐渐出现,

带来了一种遍及全行业的观念，即不仅要减少极端

天气事件(如减少温室气体或温室气体的排放),也要

适应当前和未来的极端天气挑战(比如安装抗冲击玻

璃可以在灾害性天气避免窗户爆炸和聚爆)。这种转

变将大大有助于应对极端天气事件挑战和对现有建

筑基础设施的挑战。它还将使加拿大商业地产公司

在未来处于优势地位，为个别建筑、企业和更广泛

的行业创造令人向往的目标。因此，加拿大商业地

产公司注重发展气候变化的应对能力具有重大意

义——它代表的是一种观念，一种意愿和能力，做

好应对极端天气事件的准备，并承受、恢复和成功

地适应这种破坏。

在应对气候变化所带来的冲击和压力的同时，气候

适应能力能够帮助商业地产公司调整他们的商业模

式，以适应不断变化的世界。

换句话说，这不仅仅是在经受住各种因素的考验，

还是从冲击和压力中获益，在与极端天气事件的斗

争中脱颖而出。

10 11


Resilience at the Building Level

Climate Mitigation

• Tackling the cause of a changing climate. Includes measures that reduce or prevent GHG emissions that cause climate change.

• Example: Moving to renewable energy. Changing management practices to reduce energy consumption.

Climate Adaptation

• Tackling the current or expected impacts of climate change. These measures include making adjustments to current systems.

• Example: Adapting buildings and systems. Elevating buildings and key systems to avoid flooding from storms.

Climate Resilience

• The capacity of a system to

1) absorb stress and maintain function in the face of climate change

2) adapt, reorganize, and evolve to an improved state

• Example: Withstanding the adverse impacts of severe weather events

Current climate vulnerabilities are requiring building owners and operators to make decisions which are informed by current and future climatic impacts. Extreme weather events can have numerous adverse effects on outputs including reduced availability of materials or resources (water, energy). A changing climate may also accelerate the deterioration of critical assets, and buildings and machinery may become more vulnerable to extreme events such as storms and floods. Extreme weather events present many different challenges to business in general, but the challenges to CRE are particularly significant. These challenges include:

• Risks to health and human safety

• Damage to or even destruction of CRE assets

• Temporary or permanent loss of use of CRE assets by tenants

• Potential legal liability from tenants, building guests, neighbours and others

• Loss of vital but external building or tenant services (e.g. water, power, phone lines, internet, etc.)

• Inability to access a building

• Reputational damage

• Sharply increased operations, maintenance and recovery costs

• Increased insurance premiums

These challenges impact the cost of operation and threaten the competitiveness of buildings and companies or delivery of essential services (Peace et al., 2013). The changing climate affects properties across all asset classes. Taking steps towards resilience is necessary for adapting to extreme weather events. To understand resilience in the context of CRE, building owners and managers must take into consideration the above mentioned asset level and business level challenges.

To some degree, extreme weather events are inevitable, and buildings are required to adapt to those irreversible effects (Sheffi, 2015). BOMA members are generally already very successful in reducing their carbon footprint through BOMA BEST ®, and are now seeking for help in understanding the risks and opportunities of a changing climate and the tactics required to adapt.

BOMA members are generally already very successful in reducing their carbon footprint through BOMA BEST ® .

“

•

•

•

•

•

1)

2)

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

BOMA已通过BOMA BEST®

认证非常成功地降低了的碳

排放。

“

楼宇层面的复原力

缓解气候变化

适应气候变化

气候复原力

系统的能力，包括

保险费增加

操作、维护和恢复成本急剧增加

声誉损失

无法进入建筑物

用户、建筑访客、邻居和其他人潜在的法律责任

商业地产租户暂时或永久失去商业地产资产使用

损坏或甚至毁坏商业地产资产

对健康和生命安全的威胁

在气候变化面前，承受压力，维持功能

适应、重组并进化到一个更完善的状态

例子:承受恶劣天气事件带来的不利影响

解决气候变化的根源问题。包括减少或防止导致气

候变化的温室气体排放的措施。

当前的气候的弱点要求建筑业主和运营商做出决策，

这些决策是由当前和未来的气候影响所决定的。极端

天气事件可能对输出造成许多不利影响，包括降低材

料或资源(水、能源)的可用性。气候变化也可能加速

关键资产的恶化，建筑物和机械设备可能更容易受到

风暴和洪水等极端事件的影响。一般来说，极端天气

事件给企业带来了许多不同的挑战，但商业地产面临

的挑战尤为严重。这些挑战包括:

这些挑战影响运营成本，并威胁着建筑和公司的竞

争力或基本服务的提供 (Peace 等， 2013)。气候变

化影响着所有资产类别的房地产。采取措施适应极

端天气事件是必要的。为了理解商业地产的复原力，

建筑业主和管理者必须考虑到上述资产级别和商业

级别的挑战。

在某种程度上，极端天气事件是不可避免的，建筑

需要适应这些不可逆转的影响 (Sheffi, 2015)。

BOMA 会员已广泛通过 BOMA BEST® 认证非常成

功地降低了碳排放 , 其目前正在探索气候变化的风险

和机遇和寻求适应变化所需的策略。

失去重要的外部楼宇或租户服务(例如水、电、电话线、互联网等)

例子:改用可再生能源。改变管理方法，减少能源消耗。

应对当前或预期中的气候变化。这些措施包括调整

当前系统

例子: 调整建筑和系统。提升建筑物和关键系统的

高度，以避免暴雨引发的洪水.

12 13


As information and predictions on extreme weather and its impacts increase, and advice on how to adapt becomes more readily accessible, the evolution of resilience in buildings and management can begin to accelerate (Rockefeller Foundation, 2014). Companies are now considering climate risks that lie beyond immediate effects and threats to their business, and are realizing the long-term benefits of investing in resilience, such as increased competitiveness, productivity and efficiency. There are also positive benefits to employee health and reduction of absenteeism, which all contribute to long-term business success. Therefore, a strong business case is developing for resilience. In the short term, value comes from exploiting opportunities and strengthening their market positions. In the long term, incorporating climate change into capital investments will ensure continued performance reliability in the future (Rockefeller Foundation, 2014).

The C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group is an organization that connects over 90 cities focused on driving urban action to reduce GHG emissions and promote resilience practices. They have highlighted that buildings have begun to take climate resilience action in the following ways:

• Stormwater capture system

• Green roofs/walls

• Crisis management

• Flood mapping

• Tree planting and or creation of green spaces

Buildings have also taken steps to better understand the behaviour of occupants by analyzing their energy conservation patterns and how natural ventilation may improve building efficiency and occupant health. Applying occupant engagement strategies and educating tenants (sometimes called “building citizens”) can improve day-to-day operations. A better understanding of the surrounding environment and occupants has enabled building managers to improve resilience (Hanamura, 2017).

With all this in mind, the Canadian CRE industry must begin to consider the challenges and opportunities posed by climate adaptation into their day-to-day business. From the C-suite to the operational level, firms must understand the environmental risks in which their assets are situated, and the vulnerabilities their assets may face. Such risks may arise on a:

• Building-by-building basis, i.e. risks unique to the construction and/or operations of a given asset

• Portfolio-wide basis, i.e. risks arising out of policies and procedures that could impact how a portfolio of buildings can withstand extreme weather events

• District-wide basis, i.e. risks that arise from how neighbouring buildings interdependently rely on each other and adjacent infrastructure, such as utility services being delivered to a single central business district or transit systems operating in and around a given area

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

随着有关极端天气及其影响的信息和预测不断增

加，有关如何适应气候变化的建议也更易获得，建

筑物和管理的复原力进化可能开始加速(洛克菲勒基

金会，2014)。企业目前在考虑那些会即刻对业务产

生影响和危险的气候风险之外，逐渐意识到投资复

原力的长期好处，比如可以提高竞争力、生产率和

效率。对员工的健康和减少旷工也有积极影响，这

些都有助于业务取得长期成功。因此，我们正在开

发一个有关复原力的强大业务案例。从短期来看，

价值来自于开发机会和巩固市场地位。从长期来

看，将气候变化纳入资本投资将确保未来持续的绩

效可靠性(洛克菲勒基金会，2014)。

C40城市气候领导小组是一个连接超过90个城市，

致力于推动城市行动，降低温室气体排放，推动复

原力实践的组织。他们指出，建筑已经开始通过以

下这些方式采取气候复原力行动：

雨水收集系统

绿色屋顶和墙壁

危机管理

水灾风险图

植树或创建绿色空间

建筑也通过分析用户的节能模式和考虑自然通风如

何改善建筑效率及用户健康等方式更深入地了解用

户的行为。采用用户参与策略和进行租户教育(有时

被称为“建筑市民”)可以改善日常运营。更了解周

围环境和用户可以帮助建筑管理者提高复原力

(Hanamura, 2017)。

综上所述，加拿大商业地产行业必须开始考虑气候适

应给其日常业务带来的挑战和机遇。从高管层到运营

层，企业必须了解其资产所处环境的风险，以及资产

可能面临的漏洞。这样的风险可能会出现在：

不同建筑为基础，即特定资产的构建和/或运营所

特有的风险

以投资组合为基础，即政策和程序所产生的风

险，这些政策和程序可能会影响建筑组合抵御极

端天气事件的方式

以区域为基础，即相邻建筑相互依赖以及相邻基

础设施相互依赖所产生的风险，例如输往单个中

央商务区的公共服务或在特定区域内和周围运行

的运输系统

14 15


Generalizing current and future climate impacts on infrastructure in Canada proves challenging due to our geographical and socioeconomic diversity. The climate in Canada varies significantly across regions and from one season to another. However, regardless of this diversity, projections continue to depict increases in occurrences of heat waves, storm surge flooding, coastal erosion and forest fires to name a few (Boyle et al., 2013).

Figure 2 depicts the rise of Canadian disasters 1 over the years. And importantly, as shown in the graph below, approximately 40% of weather-related disasters across Canada involve water, whether it is flooding, storm surges, snowstorm, ice storms or thunderstorms.

Figure 2

Source: McGilivray, 2016

It is also important to note the role of non-climatic factors in CRE resilience. Demographic shifts, demand for waterfront property, increasing urbanization in flood-prone regions, land use changes and population growth can all exacerbate the impacts of extreme weather events on infrastructure (Boyle et al., 2013). The interdependence of infrastructure systems further complicates the effects. Most systems are interconnected with other systems. Consequently, failure in one can lead to failure in others.

Figure 3 illustrates the dramatic costs associated with natural disasters in Canada. Between 1983 and 2008 the average economic cost per weather-related disaster was $400 million. From 2009 to 2013 the average economic cost increased by 150% to $1 billion (McGillivray, 2016).

Figure 3

1 Disaster as defined by Public Safety Canada, must meet one or more of the following (i) 10 or more people killed (ii) 100 or more people affected/ injured/ infected/ evacuated/ or homeless (iii) an appeal for national/international assistance (iv) historical significance (v) significant damage/interruption of normal processes such that the community affected cannot recover on its own.

“ When it comes to resilience, we cannot be

looking at the past as success. Just because

your property has never flooded or had a

weather-related problem does not mean it will

be able to sustain the extremes that will be

occurring going forward. Understanding your

building’s resilience means knowing at what point

a given amount of rain, heat, wind is going to

cause a challenge. It’s about understanding how

far you can stretch the elastic band.”

– Jon Douglas, Director of Sustainability, Menkes Property Management Services Ltd.

$ BI

LLIO

N

Québec Floods

1983 20132011200920051998199619910.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Slave Lake Fire

OntarioWind & Rain

Eastern Ice Storm

Alberta & Toronto Floods

来源：McGilivray, 2016

图表3

1 加拿大公共安全所定义的灾难,必须符合下列一个或多个条件(i)10个或以上的人死亡(ii)100或以上的人受到影响/受伤/感染/被疏散/或无家可归

(iii)呼吁国家/国际援助(iv)历史意义(v)重大损害/中断了正常流程，使受影响社区无法自行恢复。

- Jon Douglas, 可持续发展总监,

门克斯物业管理服务有限公司

$ 十

亿

魁北克洪水

1983 20132011200920051998199619910.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

奴湖村火灾

安大略风&雨

东面冰暴

魁北克洪水

由于加拿大地理和社会经济的多样性，归纳当前和

未来气候对基础设施的影响具有挑战性。加拿大的

气候因地区和季节的不同而存在显著差异。尽管如

此，还是可以推测热浪、风暴潮洪水、海岸侵蚀和

森林火灾的发生率在不断增加(Boyle等，2013)。

图3显示了与加拿大自然灾害相关的巨大成本。从

1983年到2008年，与天气有关的灾难的平均经济成

本为4亿美元。从2009年到2013年，平均经济成本

增加了150%，达到10亿美元(McGillivray, 2016)。

“说到复原力，我们不能把过去的安然无恙看成

是成功。房地产从来没有被洪水淹没或从未因为

天气发生过问题，并不意味着它能够承受未来将

发生的极端情况。了解您建筑的复原力意味着您

知道在什么时候，一定程度的雨、热、风会变成挑

战。就像要知道您能把橡皮筋拉多长一样。”

图2描述了历年来加拿大遭灾害发生的增加。更重要

的是，如下图所示，加拿大约40%的气象灾害都与

水有关，无论是洪水、风暴潮、暴风雪、冰暴还是

雷暴。

同样需要注意的是，非气候因素在商业地产复原力

中也具有重要影响。人口变化、对海边房产的需求

增加、洪水易发地区日益增长的城市化、土地利用

变化和人口增长都可能加剧极端天气事件对基础设

施的影响(Boyle等， 2013)。

基础设施系统的相互依赖进一步加剧了这种影响。

大多数系统与其他系统相互连接。因此，一个的故

障会导致另一个的故障。

16 17

图表 2

水灾

雷暴野火

冬季风暴干旱龙卷风

飓风风暴雪崩

寒冷事件风暴潮热事件

磁暴

地质灾害


Adaptation Strategies

Sudden onset of extreme weather events such as the ones listed in Figure 4 represents various threats to the CRE industry. Below is a compilation of potential impacts at the building level and some adaptation strategies to consider when planning for resilience.

Extreme Precipitation and Flooding: Increased duration, intensity and frequency of precipitation events

• Flooding and inundation of low-lying lands and property causing an impact on soil surrounding the foundation which can lead to sewer back up

• Damage to piped water, sanitation drainage, and communication, power or gas lines

• Contamination of source drinking water due to pollution overflow

• Increased erosion impacting infrastructure functionality and increasing maintenance costs

• Road and transit closure due to flooding


• Conduct a local flood risk assessment to determine the minimum capacity of rain to flood entry points. Locate and assess each of the potential flood entry points.

• Assess perimeter of building and adjacent city streets to determine if any road construction or temporary metal road plates change storm water drainage.

• Determine water filtration capacity of exterior deck or terrace before backup occurs.

• If cisterns are present, determine the capacity of the overflow value.

• Retrofit with waterproof or water-resistant materials for flooring, foundation etc.

• Retrofit windows and doors on ground level to be watertight to prevent water or debris from entering the building.

• If retrofitting, consider relocating HVAC, plumbing, servers, and other critical infrastructure above the height of expected flood levels.

• Relocate sensitive documentation and/or server backups above water inundation levels, or consider offsite storage (in a flood-resistant location).

• Raise waste disposal and recycling above inundation levels.

• Pave a small raised ledge (similar to a speedbump) at the opening of the underground parking garage to prevent floodwaters from entering.

• Implement temporary flood barriers/berms that can be quickly assembled to protect buildings from flooding. Consider location of flood entry points, including exterior vent grates.

• Incorporate landscape features such as berms to provide natural barriers and use native plants to buffer and absorb excess water on-site.

• Retrofit elevators to include water detectors that stop the elevator above flood inundation levels.

• Implement alternative transit access points in the event that one mode of transportation is down.

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

适应策略

极端降水和水灾：

降水事件的持续时间、强度和频率增加

极端天气事件的突然发生，如图4所示，代表着商业

地产行业面临的各种威胁。以下汇集了建筑层面的

潜在影响以及在规划复原力时需要考虑的一些适应

策略。

如果进行改造，考虑将暖通空调系统、管道、服

务器和其他关键基础设施的位置调整到预期水灾

水位以上。

将敏感文档和/或服务器备份重新放置在淹没水位

以上，或考虑异地存储(在抗洪位置)。

在地下车库的开口处铺设一个小凸起的平台(类似

于减速带)，以防止洪水进入。

采用临时防洪堤/护堤，可以快速安装，以保护建

筑物免受水灾侵袭。考虑水灾进入点的位置，包

括外部通风格栅。

结合景观特征，如护堤，以提供自然屏障，使用

本地植物缓冲和吸收现场多余的水。

洪水和淹水对低洼的地区和房产地基周围的土壤

造成影响，导致下水道回流

管道供水、卫生排水、通讯不正常，电力或燃气管

道损坏

污水溢出导致饮用水源污染

将废弃物处理和循环利用设备提升到淹没水平

以上。

改造电梯，装备水探测器，能让电梯停在淹水线

之上。

设置替代运输入口，以应对某种运输方式失灵的

情况。

水灾导致道路和交通封闭

适应策略

在阻塞形成前确定外部地面或露台的水过滤能力。

如果有蓄水池，确定溢出值的容量。

为地板、地基等加装防水或防水材料。

侵蚀加重，影响基础设施功能，增加维护成本

对当地进行水灾风险评估，确定引发水灾进入的最

小雨水量。定位并评估每个可能的发生水灾进入的

地点。

评估建筑周边和邻近城市街道，以确定是否有道路

建设或临时金属地板改变暴雨排水。

对地面的门窗进行防水改造，以防止水或碎片进

入建筑。

18 19


Extreme Wind Events or Hurricanes: Increased duration, intensity and frequency of windstorm events

• Damage or loss of building infrastructure: Extreme wind events can cause damage to building façade and windows.

• Extreme wind can damage critical life-supporting systems such as water infrastructure and energy services.


• Conduct a short-term assessment to determine risk of extreme wind events or hurricanes.

• Install impact-resistant glass to avoid exploding or imploding windows and doors during high winds and flying debris.

• Invest in a desalination unit or underground water storage tank to provide potable water if needed for cooling towers.

• Implement on-site backup power capacity to help run air conditioning and other essential services.

Wildfire: Increased frequency and severity of wildfires due to increased summer temperatures

• Damage or loss of building infrastructure: Wildfire can cause water resistant soils (hydrophobic) that can increase the risk of flooding and erosion (Boyd, 2014).

• Land value can decrease to due burned landscape smoke damage.


• Conduct a short-term wildfire assessment to determine possible local risks and identify potential areas of concern.

• Create a building response plan in the event of nearby wildfires to minimize adverse effect on indoor air quality, such as prohibiting outdoor air intake to limit indoor air quality degradation and communicating with tenants to limit the opening of doors and windows.

• Retrofit with fire-resistant materials for roofing, siding, windows etc.

• Retrofit on-site emergency water supply for fire suppression.

Heatwaves and Extreme Temperature: Prolonged periods of abnormally hot weather

• Extreme temperatures can result in increased pressure on energy loads and shifting peak demand for cooling.

• Heat stress can cause decreased wellbeing of occupants and systems.

• There can be damage to the building’s infrastructure and consequences of drying soil around the foundation.

• You could see an increase in demand for water supply.


• Conduct a short-term assessment to determine local heatwaves and extreme temperature risk and identify potential areas of concern.

• Stress test HVAC systems to determine threshold and duration of operation during extreme heatwaves and temperatures.

• Retrofit with appropriate wall and roof insulation to reduce heat penetration.

• Implement a green or brown roof to limit heat absorption.

• Install thermally reflective (high albedo) material for the roof and facades of buildings.

• Implement passive solar design.

BOMA Canada is responding to member demand by convening industry leaders to help the membership address the impacts of extreme weather.”“

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

建筑基础设施损坏或损失:极端的大风事件可能会

对建筑立面和窗户造成损害。

极端大风天气和飓风:

风暴事件的持续时间、强度和频率增加

对屋顶、墙板、窗户等进行防火材料改造。

对现场紧急供水进行改造，用于灭火。

极端的温度会导致能量负载压力增加，并改变冷

却的峰值需求。

热压力会影响用户健康和系统的性能。

供水需求增加。

建筑物的基础建筑可能受到破坏，并导致地基周

围的土壤变干。

进行短期评估，以确定当地的热浪和极端温度风

险，并确定潜在的关注领域。

“BOMA加拿大为响应会员的需求，正召

集各行业领袖一起解决极端天气带来的

影响。”

对采暖通空调系统进行压力测试，确定极端热浪

和温度下运行的阈值和持续时间。

为建筑物的屋顶和立面安装热反射(高反照率)

材料。

实现被动式太阳能设计。

采用绿色或棕色屋顶来限制热吸收。

对墙体和屋顶进行适当的隔热改造，以减少热渗透。

适应策略

热浪和极端温度：

长时间异常炎热的天气极端的大风天气会破坏关键的生命维持系统，比

如水液基础设施和能源服务。

适应策略

进行短期评估，以确定极端大风事件或飓风的风险。

安装防震玻璃，以避免大风和飞溅的碎片使窗户

和门发生爆炸或内爆。

如果需要冷却塔，则应建造一个海水淡化装置或

地下储水罐来提供可饮用水。

准备现场备用电源，以维持空调和其他基本服务

运行。

建筑基础设施的破坏或损失:野火会产生抗水土壤

(疏水)，增加水灾和侵蚀的风险(Boyd, 2014)。

土地价值可能因为景观燃烧后的烟雾损害而下降。

适应策略

进行短期野火评估，以确定当地可能存在的风险

并确定潜在的关注领域。

制定建筑物应对计划应对附近发生的火灾，以减

少对室内空气质量的不利影响，例如禁止室外进

气以防止室内空气质量下降，并与用户沟通，限

制门窗的开启。

野火: 由于夏季气温升高，野火火灾的频

率和严重程度都有所增加。

20 21


Advancing Resilience in Canadian CRE: BOMA’s Next Step

Resilience is being addressed in Canadian CRE today, but in some cases, it may be happening in silos and with a piecemeal approach. By bringing together asset managers, property managers, building operators, security professionals, emergency management professionals, sustainability professionals, risk managers, and others across the industry, we can foster an aligned, integrated, comprehensive approach to the challenge of extreme weather.

BOMA Canada is responding to member demand by convening industry leaders to help the membership address the impacts of extreme weather. Beyond creating this brief, which we expect to update annually, we are also currently developing an assessment protocol project that is intended to present a standard set of best practices and areas of assessment to assist buildings owners and managers to better understand their building with regards to resilience. We expect the protocol to be ready in 2019 and invite interested buildings to join a pilot, which is already underway.

Though it remains under discussion, early indications are that the forthcoming BOMA Canada Resilience Assessment Protocol may be based on the following three-part model. See Figure 4:

The current state of adaptation of agiven building to severe weather events

Recommend best practices to increasebuliding resilience

Facilitating an auditable risk assessment process similar to ISO 14001

Future iterations of the assessment protocol will expand the scope and determine how buildings interact with their neighbourhoods and communities to increase their adaptation and resilience to extreme weather events.

Though still in draft form, BOMA Canada’s Resilience Assessment Protocol highlights the following areas of concern to business continuity and resilience in the face of adverse climate events:

• Construction features

• HVAC (primary heating and cooling)

• Electrical transformers/switchgear

• Communications systems

• Backup power

• Elevators

• Building documentation

• Waste disposal/collection

• Hazardous materials

• Building condition and envelope

• Flooding and storm water management

• Snow and ice

• Heat island effect

• Demand response

• Occupants (travel, shelter and communication)

• Assessment and planning

Figure 4

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• •

•

•

•

•

•

图表4

今天，加拿大的商业地产正在处理复原力问题，但

在某些情况下，人们采用的处理方法可能过于局

限，不够全面。通过将资产管理人员、物业管理人

员、建筑运营商、安防专业人员、应急管理专业人

员、可持续发展专业人员、风险管理人员以及行业

内的其他人聚集在一起，我们可以形成一种统一、

整体、全面的方法来应对极端天气的挑战。

评估协议的未来迭代将扩大范围，其将确定建筑物

如何与其邻近建筑和社区进行交互，以增强其对极

端天气事件的适应和复原力。

构造特点

暖通空调系统(基础加热和制冷)

变压器/开关设备

通信系统

备用电源

电梯

建筑档案

废弃物处置/收集

有害物质

建筑条件和外围结构

水灾和雨水管理

冰雪

热岛效应

需求反馈

用户(移动、避难和通信)

评估和计划

虽然还在起草阶段,但BOMA加拿大的复原力评估协

议针对恶劣气候条件，主要就业务延续性和复原力

强调了以下几个方面，:

BOMA加拿大为响应成员需求，召集各行业领袖一

起帮助会员解决极端天气的影响。除了编撰这份简

章(我们预计每年更新一次)外，我们还在开发一个评

估标准协议项目，该项目旨在提供一套标准的最佳

实践和评估领域，以帮助简章业主和管理人员更好

地了解他们建筑的复原力。我们预计，该协议将在

2019年准备就绪，并将邀请有兴趣的建筑加入试点

项目，该工作目前正在进行中。

提高加拿大商业地产复原力:

BOMA的下一步

尽管仍在讨论中,但从早期迹象来看,即将诞生的

BOMA加拿大复原力评估协议可能基于以下三

部分的模型。

见图表4

既定建筑当前对极端天气事件的适应状态

提升建筑复原力的最佳实践建议

建立一个类似于ISO 14001的可审计风险评估流程

22 23


BOMA TORONTO

As part of the 100RC initiative, Toronto’s Resilience Office has a two-year mandate to develop a Resilience Strategy to help Toronto become more resilient. BOMA Toronto been invited to participate in the Resilient TO (RTO) initiative, and help develop this strategy for the CRE industry. As a member of the RTO Steering Committee (and under BOMA Canada’s broader national strategy), the approach is twofold.

1) Create a Business Case for CRE Resilience. Develop a risk-based evaluation model that considers the influence of critical infrastructure on the building’s capacity to operate, and the building’s capacity to recover, should the utility from one or more critical infrastructure providers in the building be interrupted (a mathematical model with quantifiable and verifiable input and output). Once the risk exposure and the capacity to recover are determined, building owners and managers would need directions on how to manage and change input variables so that they could aim for the desired output that meets their business requirements. The extent to which the input variables are changed (or expected to change) would form the basis of users’ resilience strategy and planning. The outcome would lead to a resilience strategy that aims to minimize risk exposure and maximize their ability to recover and achieve normal operational/performance level (or better) in the shortest possible time.

2) Develop a Building Infrastructure Resilience Planning Guide for Commercial Real Estate. The planning guide would include a set of best practices that could directly impact the outcome of (1). This supplemental guidance document would walk the owner from initial site selection and investment decision through to integrated design.

BOMA BRITISH COLUMBIA

BOMA British Columbia (BC) has implemented an emergency mass notification system for its members, called BOMA Alert. In the event of an emergency or natural disaster, the City of Vancouver Office of Emergency Services notifies BOMA BC with an update. BOMA BC then alerts its members and provides them with critical information for their staff, clients and visitors, potentially reducing the risk of property damage and/or loss of life.

BOMA BC is also partnering with the City of Victoria to create the first of BOMA BC’s 2030 resiliency districts, where efforts will be made to increase the resiliency of the commercial building sector. Participants will commit to reducing energy consumption, but the work will also focus on accessibility improvements and seismic upgrades. The team hopes that by working collaboratively, negotiating shared service agreements and providing direct hands-on support from BOMA Energy Management staff, cost savings can also materialize.

BOMA local associations are also taking a proactive approach to addressing resilience in CRE.

>

1)

2)

>

BOMA加拿大也采取积极的方法来解决商业地产的复原力问题。

BOMA多伦多 BOMA不列颠哥伦比亚省

作为100RC倡议的一部分，多伦多的复原力办公室

得到了两年的授权来制定复原力策略，帮助多伦多

增强适应性和复原力。BOMA多伦多被邀请参加多

伦多的复原力(RTO)倡议,并协助开发这一商业地产

领域的策略。作为多伦多复原力指导委员会的成员

(在BOMA加拿大广泛国家战略指导下),这种方法的

收益是双重的。

BOMA不列颠哥伦比亚省为它的会员设置了一个紧急

集中通讯系统,名为BOMA警报。在紧急事件或自然

灾害发生时,温哥华的城市应急服务办公室会即时通知

BOMA不列颠哥伦比亚。然后BOMA不列颠哥伦比

亚将提醒其会员,为他们的员工、客户和访客提供关键

信息，降低可能的财产损失风险和/或生命损失。

BOMA不列颠哥伦比亚也与维多利亚市合作创建了

第一个BOMA不列颠哥伦比亚2030复原力区,旨在

努力增加商业建筑领域的复原力。与会者将致力于

减少能源消耗，但工作也将侧重于改善无障碍通行

和抗震升级。谈判团队也希望通过协同工作、共享

服务协议以及来自BOMA能源管理领域人员的直接

帮助,实现成本节约。

为商业地产复原力创建业务案例。开发一个基于风

险的评估模型，该模型考虑了关键基础设施对建筑

物运营能力的影响，以及建筑物的恢复能力，如果

建筑物中一个或多个关键基础设施公共服务供应中

断(一个具有可量化和可验证输入和输出的数学模

型)该怎么办。一旦确定了风险暴露和恢复能力，

就需要知道建筑业主与管理者如何管理和更改输入

变量，这样他们就能够以满足业务需求的输出为目

标。输入变量改变的程度(或预期改变的程度)将构

成用户复原力策略和规划的基础。这将产生一种复

原力策略来尽量减少风险暴露，最大限度地提高其

恢复力，并在尽可能短的时间内达到正常运营/绩

效水平的能力（或更好）。

制定商业地产建筑基础设施复原力规划指南。规

划指南将包括一套能够直接影响(1)结果的最佳实

践。该补充指南将为业主提供从最初的选址和投

资决策到综合设计的全面指导。

24 25


Advancing Resilience in Your Building: Your Next Steps

Your next step is to better understand the extreme weather risks affecting your properties by creating your own resilience plan or protocol. A resilience plan is much more than just emergency preparedness or business continuity—it is the next level. Resilience planning takes a holistic approach to risk management and strives to minimize downtime by embedding resilience techniques into organizational and management processes.

Emergency Planning • A course of action to mitigate the damage of potential

events that could endanger an organization’s ability to function

Disaster Planning • A predefined plan for getting business back on track

after a disruptive event and for protecting employees, tenants, suppliers and building guests during a disaster

Business Continuity Planning• A management process that identifies risks, threats

and vulnerabilities that could impact an organization’s continued operation and then identifies measures to address those risks, threats and vulnerabilities

Resilience Planning

• Processes which increase the organization’s capacity to anticipate disruptions, adapt to such events and create lasting value

For example, during some severe weather events, individuals may seek out shopping centers and other public buildings for refuge. Such buildings must be prepared for severe weather events and be ready both to ensure the safety of individuals in their properties and to safeguard tenant, owner and manager business continuity during these events.

In the final analysis, resilience planning is crucial for the continued operation of buildings in our changing climate. Start your plan, review your plan, test your plan. Look for annual updates to this brief and to the other BOMA Canada products that are underway. And be ready for the next extreme weather event… it is just around the corner.

Cities in the 100RC network such as Calgary, Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver are provided with the resources necessary to develop a roadmap to resilience along four main pathways:

• Financial and logistical guidance for establishing an innovative new position in city government, a Chief Resilience Officer, who will lead the city’s resilience efforts;

• Expert support for the development of a robust Resilience Strategy;

• Access to solutions, service providers, and partners from the private, public and NGO sectors who can help them develop and implement their resilience strategies; and

• Membership of a global network of member cities who can learn from and help each other.

•

•

•

•

•

您的下一步是通过创建您自己的复原力计划或协议来

更好地了解影响您项目的极端天气风险。复原力计划

不仅仅包括应急准备或保证业务持续的措施——而是

一项升级计划。复原力计划采用全面的方法进行风险

管理，并通过将复原力技术嵌入到组织和管理过程

中，以此尽量减少停工时间。

增加建筑复原力: 您的下

一步

例如，在一些恶劣天气事件中，人们可能会寻找购

物中心和其他公共建筑避难。这些建筑物必须为恶

劣天气事件做好准备，并做好确保个人财产安全的

准备，并能够在这些事件发生期间保障租户、业

主、管理者的安全和业务的持续。

归根到底，复原力计划对于在不断变化的气候下保

持建筑运营至关重要。开始制定您的计划，审核您

的计划，测试您的计划。尽请关注这份简章的年度

更新和BOMA加拿大在进行中的项目。准备好迎接

下一个极端天气事件……它或许近在眼前。

在100RC网络中的城市，如卡尔加里、蒙特利尔、多伦多和温哥华，已获得必要资源，可以沿着四条主要路径提高复原力:

• 在市政府设立一个创新职位，即首席复原力

官员，并为之提供所需的金融和后勤指导，

他将领导城市为提高复原力而努力;

• 解决方案、服务提供者和来自私营、公共和

非政府组织部门合作伙伴的支持，他们有助

于制定和实施复原力战略;和

成为环球城市网络中的一员，互相学习，互

相帮助。

• 为制定稳健的复原力策略提供专家支持;

预先定义的计划，用于在破坏性事件发生后恢复业

务，并在灾难发生时保护员工、用户、供应商和建

筑访客

减少可能危及组织运作能力的潜在事件的行动方针

应急计划

灾害计划

业务持续计划

复原力计划

管理流程，用于识别可能影响组织持续运营的风

险、威胁和漏洞，以及识别解决这些风险、威胁和

漏洞的措施

可以增强企业组织对突发事件的预测能力，帮助其

适应这样的事件并创造持久价值的流程

26 27

BOMA CANADA 2019 RESILIENCE BRIEF BOMA 2019楼宇复原力简章

References Boyd, R., Zukiwsky, J., & Pringle, T. (2015). Economic Tools for Climate Change Adaptation. All One Sky Foundation. Retrieved from http://allonesky.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Final-Report.pdf

Boyle, J., Cunningham, M., & Dekens, J. (2013). Climate Change Adaptation and Canadian Infrastructure – Review of the Literature. International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD). Retrieved from http://www.iisd.org/pdf/2013/adaptation_can_infrastructure.pdf

Cutter, S., Ahearn, J., Amadei, B., Crawford, P., Eide, E., Galloway, G., Goodchild, M., Kunreuther, H., Li-Vollmer, M., Schoch-Spana, M., Scrimshaw, S., Stanley, E., Whitney, G., & Soback, M. (2013). Disaster Resilience: A National Imperative. Washington: National Academies Press.

Edenhofer, O., Pichs-Madruga, R., Sokona, Y. Minx, J., Farahani, E., Kadner, S., Seyboth, K., Adler, A., Baum, I., Brunner, S., Eickemeier, P., Kriemann, B., Svolainen, J., Schlömer, S., von Stechow, C., & Zwickel, T. (2014). Climate Change 2014 Mitigation of Climate Change. Intergovernmental Pannel on Climate Change. Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg3/drafts/fgd/ipcc_wg3_ar5_summary-for-policymakers_may-version.pdf

Hanamura, D. (2017). The New Normal: Designing for Climate Resilience. Building Resilience and Construction. Retrieved from https://www.bdcnetwork.com/blog/new-normal-designing-climate-resilience

Locatelli, B. (2011). Synergies between adaptation and mitigation in a nutshell. CoBAM. Retrieved from https://www.cifor.org/fileadmin/fileupload/cobam/ENGLISH-Definitions%26ConceptualFramework.pdf

McGillivray, G. (2016). Catastrophic Loss Trends in Canada. Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction. Retrieved from https://www.amo.on.ca/AMO-PDFs/Events/16OWMC/PlenaryMcGillivray.aspx

Peace, J., Storch, M., & Seidel, S. (2013). Weathering the Storm: Building Business Resilience to Climate Change. Centre for Climate and Energy Solutions. Retrieved from https://www.c2es.org/document/weathering-the-storm-building-business-resilience-to-climate-change-2/

Sheffi, J. (2015). The Power of Resilience: How the Best Companies Manage the Unexpected. Cambridge: MIT Press

Rockefeller Foundation (2014). Building Climate Change Resilience in Cities: The Private Sector Role. The Rockefeller Foundation. Retrieved from https://assets.rockefellerfoundation.org/app/uploads/20141230000615/Urban-resil-ience-exec-sum-WEB-FINAL-11.25.pdf

参考文献 Boyd, R., Zukiwsky, J., & Pringle, T. (2015). Economic Tools for Climate Change Adaptation. All One Sky Foundation. Retrieved from http://allonesky.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Final-Report.pdf

Boyle, J., Cunningham, M., & Dekens, J. (2013). Climate Change Adaptation and Canadian Infrastructure – Review of the Literature. International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD). Retrieved from http://www.iisd.org/pdf/2013/adaptation_can_infrastructure.pdf

Cutter, S., Ahearn, J., Amadei, B., Crawford, P., Eide, E., Galloway, G., Goodchild, M., Kunreuther, H., Li-Vollmer, M., Schoch-Spana, M., Scrimshaw, S., Stanley, E., Whitney, G., & Soback, M. (2013). Disaster Resilience: A National Imperative. Washington: National Academies Press.

Edenhofer, O., Pichs-Madruga, R., Sokona, Y. Minx, J., Farahani, E., Kadner, S., Seyboth, K., Adler, A., Baum, I., Brunner, S., Eickemeier, P., Kriemann, B., Svolainen, J., Schlömer, S., von Stechow, C., & Zwickel, T. (2014). Climate Change 2014 Mitigation of Climate Change. Intergovernmental Pannel on Climate Change. Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg3/drafts/fgd/ipcc_wg3_ar5_summary-for-policymakers_may-version.pdf

Hanamura, D. (2017). The New Normal: Designing for Climate Resilience. Building Resilience and Construction. Retrieved from https://www.bdcnetwork.com/blog/new-normal-designing-climate-resilience

Locatelli, B. (2011). Synergies between adaptation and mitigation in a nutshell. CoBAM. Retrieved from https://www.cifor.org/fileadmin/fileupload/cobam/ENGLISH-Definitions%26ConceptualFramework.pdf

McGillivray, G. (2016). Catastrophic Loss Trends in Canada. Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction. Retrieved from https://www.amo.on.ca/AMO-PDFs/Events/16OWMC/PlenaryMcGillivray.aspx

Peace, J., Storch, M., & Seidel, S. (2013). Weathering the Storm: Building Business Resilience to Climate Change. Centre for Climate and Energy Solutions. Retrieved from https://www.c2es.org/document/weathering-the-storm-building-business-resilience-to-climate-change-2/

Sheffi, J. (2015). The Power of Resilience: How the Best Companies Manage the Unexpected. Cambridge: MIT Press

Rockefeller Foundation (2014). Building Climate Change Resilience in Cities: The Private Sector Role. The Rockefeller Foundation. Retrieved from https://assets.rockefellerfoundation.org/app/uploads/20141230000615/Urban-resil-ience-exec-sum-WEB-FINAL-11.25.pdf

28 29

BOMA Canada

www.bomacanada.ca

For further information about the brief, please contact:

Victoria Papp

BOMA Canada 1 Dundas Street West, Toronto Ontario, Canada M5G 1Z3

[email protected]

Is your building ready?

Ce rapport est disponible en français.

您的建筑准备好了吗?

BOMA Canada

www.bomacanada.ca

Ce rapport est disponible en français.

Victoria Papp

[email protected]

BOMA加拿大

地址：1 Dundas Street West, Toronto Ontario,

Canada。邮编：M5G 1Z3

欲了解关于这份简章的更多信息，请联系：

《国际写字楼分级指南》International Office Building

Classification Guide

《商业地产标准运营流程制定指南》Guide to Developing a Standard

Operating Procedure Manual

《建筑健康与安全管理指南》Recommended Practices in

Health+Safety

《室内空气质量：楼宇业主、管理者和住户指南》Indoor Air Quality：A Guide for Building

Owners, Managers, and Occupants

《预防性维护指南》Preventive Maintenance Guidebook

《工业园区：主动性维护指南》

Proactive Maintenance Guidebook for Industrial Properties

《楼宇外围设备设施维护与管理指南》

Guide to Exterior Maintenance Management

《应急预案指南》Emergency Preparedness

Guidebook

《建筑调试最佳实践》Building Commissioning

Best Practices

《设施经理再调试手册》Retrocommissioning Handbook for

Facility Managers

《BOMA中国商业地产保洁标准：建筑业主与管理者指南》

BOMA China Commercial Real Estate Janitorial Standard:

A Guide for Building Owners and Managers

《业主提高租赁绩效必备的 7 个数据点》

The 7 Data Points Every Owner Needs to Use to Drive Leasing Performance

《商业建筑业主BIM实践指南》National BIM Guide for Owners

《建筑系统案头参考》Building Systems Desk

Reference

《国际房产测量标准：办公楼》International Property Measurement

Standards: Office Buildings

The High Performance Portfolio: Energy Management Briefs and Templates

《BOMA租户手册编制指南》BOMA`s Guide to Producing a Tenant

Handbook

《商业地产运营管理关键绩效指标选择指南》

The Effective Guide For Selecting Essential Property Management Kpis

《BOMA2017年办公楼标准测量方法》

BOMA 2017 for Office Buildings Standard Methods of Measurement

《建筑性跟踪手册》

The Building Performance Tracking Handbook

《高性能组合框架》The High Performance Portfolio

Framework

《高性能组合框架：能源管理简要与模板》

《BOMA合同能源管理模式》BOMA Energy Performance Contracting Model (BEPC)

《绿色租户装修指南》Green Tenant Improvement Guide

商业地产运营管理国际最佳实践规程-标准指南/通用工具INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE BEST PRACTICE

BOMA商业地产运营管理国际最佳实践规程

标准指南 / 通用工具，持续更新中。

想了解更多行业国际标准，

请联系BOMA中国：

全国统一咨询电话：010-65663220

boma 2019 楼宇复原力简章 · boma canada 2019 resilience brief boma 2019楼宇复原力简章...

Documents