born accessible tools of change conference 2013. page 2 tools, standards, techniques and...

Born AccessibleTools of Change Conference 2013

Tools, Standards, Techniques and Developments for “Inclusive Publishing”

PANELISTS / ATTENDEES

● Betsy Beaumon, VP and GM for Literacy, Benetech

● George Kerscher, President, IDPF; Secretary General, The DAISY Consortium; Senior Officer, Accessible Technology, Learning Ally

● Larry Goldberg, Director, WGBH’s National Center for Accessible Media (NCAM)

● William Chesser, VP of Sales, Ingram | VitalSource

● Doug Klein, Accessibility Lead, Nook Media, LLC

● Gerardo Capiel, VP of Engineering, Benetech

● Robin Seaman, Director of Content Acquisition, Benetech

● Suzy Haines, Digital Content Manager, Benetech

Today’s Discussion

Screen Reader Setting Expectations

● 25+ years of persons who are blind getting access to information

● Functionality on PC setting expectations for reading systems

● Efficient reading● Control over reading experience

BISG Grid

Usability and Accessibility

Windows Overdrive Bluefire Support/Functionality Field Definitions

Hide structural navigation levels

X ? No The RS supports collapsing/ expanding selected levels of the Navigation Document toc nav where applicable

Device Keyboard Accessibility

No ? No The RS enables users to use the device’s keyboard to interact (open/close, navigate, access settings/options) with EPUB

User Interface controls exposed to and traversible by assistive technologies

X ? X The user interface controls are exposed via platform accessibility APIs

Text content exposed to and traversible by assistive technologies

X ? No The content document DOM (or parts thereof when dynamically paginated) is exposed via platform accessibility APIs

Additional note – accessibility and usability

http://www.bisg.org/what-we-do-12-152-epub-30-support-grid.php

Reading System Screening Methodology

● Need a methodology to contribute to the BISG Grid● Need a methodology that schools can use to

evaluate reading systems● Simple enough for evaluations to be crowdsourced● Planned by end of 2nd quarter 2013

Pass or Fail on Reading Systems

● Accessible reading systems must meet basic (pass/fail) tests

● Menus, controls, reading, spelling, discovery, acquisition

● Support reading with eyes, ears and fingers● Work for all people

Features Enable Ranking of Reading System

● Once fundamental accessibility is established, we can compare reading systems

● Quality of reading experience● Ease of use● Power for learning

iBooks – The User Experience

● Accessible content– Text– Images– Multimedia and controls– MathML

● Accessible navigation● Just a starting point...

» iBooks demo

iBooks – The User Experience

Discovery

ACCESSIBLE = DISCOVERABLE

Discovery of Accessible Educational Resources

● LRMI is a new specification for tagging Learning Resources, as a subset of Schema.org– Led by Association of Education Publishers and Creative

Commons

● Other efforts have tackled accessibility (a11y) metadata– Dublin Core Accessibility

– Access for All (ISO 24751, IMS Global), EDItEUR/ONIX

Learn more at http://a11ymetadata.org/

Educational Video Search Example

Google Recipe

An Inclusive Experience: Can I use the standard services of your store?

Identification of Content: Can I find things that address my special needs?

Retail Considerations

Simple search today

Smart filters based on metadata, rendition

specifications tomorrow

Finding Appropriate Content

O ’Reilly

Bilbary

Accessibility - 8 Lessons Learned

Case Study

Longevity Is required

● Its a journey, not a destination

● There is no ‘checkbox’ of compliance

● Stay involved, stay current

There Are No Binary Decisions

● Readers vs. Formats vs. Content vs. Delivery

Mainstream – It’s More Than a Noun

● It has to be a verb!● You need to worry about:

✓ The application availability

✓ The content delivery

✓ The reading experience

Keep Control of Your Content

● cul-de-sacs vs. highways● Assume reuse in the future

Many non-W3C formats (e.g., PDF, Shockwave, etc) require viewing with

either plug-ins or stand-alone applications. Often, these formats cannot be

viewed or navigated with standard user agents (including assistive

technologies)."

Web Content Accessibility Guideline 11.

Many non-W3C formats (e.g., PDF, Shockwave, etc) require viewing with

either plug-ins or stand-alone applications. Often, these formats cannot be

viewed or navigated with standard user agents (including assistive

technologies)."

Web Content Accessibility Guideline 11.

Turn Off the Screen and Listen

● Revisit old decisions with your ears● Recognize the need to change

Standards Work

● MathML wins for everyone● Let the reading system use it, fall back to

<alt> tags<para><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></para>

<para><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></para>

f(x) = (x + 10)f(x) = (x + 10)

“f of x equals open parenthesis x plus 10 close parenthesis”“f of x equals open parenthesis x plus 10 close parenthesis”

People Are Mobile

● Assume nomadic behavior

● Optimize for mobility

Stand on Shoulders, but Be in a Crowd

● Use what you can● Invent what you must● Share everything

Page replica

Control to flip to ‘Article View’

“Accessible” view

Magazines contain both original ‘print’ format and the article content as separate renditions. Allows user to choose alternate views dynamically - a clear ‘accessibility’ option that solves a generic consumer problem and enables TTS support as well!

PDF Extract articles to different rendition

Combined renditions carried through flow

User presented viewing options (or accessibility flag utilizes article rendition only)

Nook DRP Example

Distribution must consider multiple formats, multiple rendition options

•Display options

•Interaction models

•Media support

Multiple Formats

Accessible Content Highlights

StructureNavigationSections

TextReflowableStyle/ContentFormatting

Tables & ListsDon’t use pictures

MathMathMLDescription

ImagesImage descriptionsAlt text

VideoTrack: subtitles, description, etc.

Accessible EPUB 3 Guidelines: http://idpf.org/accessibility/guidelines/nav.php

9 Tips for Creating Accessible EPUB 3 Files

http://www.diagramcenter.org/standards-and-practices/54-9-tips-for-creating-accessible-epub-3-files.html

What Is Built-in Accessibility in Commercial Publications?

● A mainstream publication● Useable directly by people reading with their eyes,

ears or fingers● No need for modification● Works with screen readers● Works with other Assistive Technology (AT)● Has great navigation

EPUB 3 Accessibility Supporting Materials

● “9 Tips for Creating Accessible EPUB 3” ● EPUB 3 Accessibility Guidelines online at:

http://www.idpf.org/accessibility/guidelines/● “EPUB 3 Best Practices,” Matt Garrish (O’Reilly)● Accessibility Forum: http://www.idpf.org/forums

Demand Accessible EPUB 3 Support in Authoring Tools

● Software developers should be hearing from purchasers

● Publishers, universities, governmental agencies need accessible EPUB3

● Adobe InDesign CS6 is OK; CS7 will be much improved.

● Oxygen has EPUB 3 support built in ● BlueGriffon● Indesign Plugin CircularFLO● More to come—demand accessibility

EPUB 3 Builds on W3C Technologies

● HTML 5 for the content document● MathML● SVG● Canvas● Interactivity through JavaScript● Video

Accessibility Features of EPUB 3

● Attention to accessibility from the beginning ● Synchronized text and audio through Media

Overlays ● Rich navigation model made famous by DAISY ● TTS lexicons for correct synthetic pronunciation

Standards Harmonization

● W3C Great Expectations Workshop

February 11 & 12, 2013

Sponsored by IDPF, BISG and W3C● AAP endorsement of EPUB 3● BISG Endorsement of EPUB 3● DAISY Consortium move to EPUB 3 for distribution

iBooks Author 2 – The Authoring Experience

● File preparation● Tools● Import/export● Descriptions, captions, titles● How to: “Creating Accessible iBooks

Textbooks with iBooks Author”– https://itunes.apple.com/us/book/creating-

accessible-ibooks/id569179589?mt=11


● iBook Textbooks and iBooks– ePub3 with Apple extensions, only usable

on iPad (not other iOS or other OS X devices)

– integrates interactive components (e.g., multimedia, review questions, image galleries, others) that can be made accessible through descriptions and labels

– IBA 2.0 represents improved accessibility over IBA 1.0


● iBook Textbooks and iBooks– As with HTML or PDF, authors should

follow accepted practices, including…• headings; image descriptions; sufficient

contrast; careful link wording; appropriate use of color, etc.

– IBA 2.0 supports the inclusion of MathML• VoiceOver will render MathML embedded

in an iBooks Textbook


● iBook Textbooks and iBooks– IBA does not import other epub documents

• Imports source documents from Word or Pages–Pay attention to style and formatting in the

source document to reduce post-import work

– IBA does not export straight EPUB (i.e., without Apple extensions)• It does export PDF (untagged) and plain text

Video in eBooks

● Closed captions

– Formats: scc, TTML, SMPTE-TT, srt, SubRip,DFXP . . .

– Captions v. subtitles

THANK YOU!

● Betsy Beaumon: [email protected]● George Kerscher: [email protected]● Larry Goldberg: [email protected]● William Chesser:

[email protected]● Doug Klein: [email protected]

● Gerardo Capiel: [email protected]● Robin Seaman: [email protected]● Suzy Haines: [email protected]

Resources and Links

● DIAGRAM Center: www.diagramcenter.org

● Poet: http://diagramcenter.org/development/poet.html

● BISG Grid: http://www.bisg.org/what-we-do-12-152-epub-30-support-grid.php

● 9 Tips for Creating Accessible EPUB 3: http://www.diagramcenter.org/standards-and-practices/54-9-tips-for-creating-accessible-epub-3-files.html

● National Center for Accessible Media (NCAM): http://ncam.wgbh.org

● DAISY Consortium: http://www.daisy.org

● IDPF: http://idpf.org

● Benetech: http://www.benetech.org

● Bookshare: http://www.bookshare.org

● BN.com Nook: www.bn.com

● Ingram VitalSource: http://www.vitalsource.com/Pages/home.aspx

● “Accessibility in EPUB 3,” Matt Garrish: Published by O’Reilly Media http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920025283.do

● “508 Compliance” by Katie Cunningham: Published by O’Reilly Media, http://oreillynet.com/pub/e/2414

MAKE BORN DIGITAL

BORN ACCESSIBLE!

born accessible tools of change conference 2013. page 2 tools, standards, techniques and...

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