brain models
DESCRIPTION
brain modelsTRANSCRIPT
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STRUCTURE FUNCTION
1 arbor vitae white matter of cerebellum; carries sensory and motor info to and from
2 cerebellar cortex gray matter of cerebellum; cognitive functions like attention & language
3 massa intermedia gray matter that connects left and right thalamus
3 massa intermedia (hole in third ventricle) gray matter that connects left and right thalamus
4 pineal gland secretes melatonin
5 mammillary body eating reflexes
6 optic chiasma where optic nerves cross
7 anterior commissure tracts that connect the cerebral hemispheres
8 corpora quadrigemina: superior colliculus receives visual input
9 corpora quadrigemina: inferior colliculus receives auditory input
10 ventricle model lateral ventricles (2) circulates CSF; shock absorber
11 third ventricle circulates CSF; shock absorber
12 fourth ventricle circulates CSF; shock absorber
13 cerebral aqueduct canal that connects 3rd and 4th ventricles; circulates CSF
14 tentorium cerebelli separates cerebrum from the cerebellum
15 posterior commissure tracts that connect the cerebral hemispheres
16 corpus callosum relays info between the two cerebral hemispheres
17 septum pellucidum separates left and right lateral ventricles
18 fornix tracts of white matter that connect hippocampus & hypothalamus
19 gyri: increase cerebral surface area
20 olfactory bulb carries smell info from nose to brain
21 sulci: grooves that separate adjacent gyri
22 olfactory tract pathway of white fibers that connect olfactory bulbs to other brain structures
23 longitudinal fissure separates cerebrum into right and left hemispheres
24 optic nerve [CN II] sends visual info from the retina to brain
24 CN II: optic nerve sends visual info from the retina to brain
25
dura mater surrounds and protects brain
26 oculomotor nerve [CN III] innervates muscles that control eye movement
26 CN III: oculomotor nerve innervates muscles that control eye movement
27 trochlear nerve [CN IV] innervates superior oblique eye muscle, controls rolling the eye up and down & crossing eyes
27 CN IV: trochlear nerve innervates superior oblique eye muscle, controls rolling the eye up and down & crossing eyes
28 trigeminal nerve [CN V] controls face and head & motor functions: biting, chewing, swallowing
28 CN V: trigeminal nerve controls face and head & motor functions: biting, chewing, swallowing
29 abducens nerve [CN VI] innervates lateral rectus muscle; turns eye laterally or abducts
29 CN VI: abducens nerve innervates lateral rectus muscle; turns eye laterally or abducts
30 cerebral peduncle fibers that carry motor info from cerebellum to brainstem
35 choroid plexuses of all ventricles lined by ependymal cells that produce CSF
36 pia mater surrounds & cushions brain
37
white matter bundles of myelinated axons that transmit info
38 gray matter bundles of neural cell bodies that process info from sensory organs and route it to interneurons
39 falx cerebri dura mater that separates cerebral hemispheres
40 hypophysis (pituitary gland) secretes endocrine hormones
41 dural sinuses cavernous sinus cavity that allows blood to drain
42 superior sagittal sinus absorption of CSF into bloodstream
43 inferior sagittal sinus cavity that allows blood to drain
44 confluence of sinuses point where sinuses come together; allows blood to drain
45 straight sinus cavity that allows blood to drain
46 transverse sinus cavity that allows blood to drain
47 sigmoid sinus cavity that allows blood to drain
48 superior petrosal sinus cavity that allows blood to drain
49 cerebral cortex outer layer of gray matter responsible for thinking & language
50 lateral sulcus divides the frontal and temporal lobes
51 central sulcus separates the parietal & frontal lobes
52 precentral gyrus primary motor area of cerebral cortex
53 postcentral gyrus primary sensory area of cerebral cortex
54 superior temporal gyri sensory processing of sounds
55
insula (insular cortex) sensory processing of taste
56 frontal lobe conscious motor control
57 occipital visual processing
58 parietal sensory processing
59 temporal sensory processing of auditory stimuli
60 optic tract sends visual info from eyes to opposite sides of brain
61 thalamus sensory filter
62 hypothalamus homeostasis: body temp
63 infundibulum connects pituitary gland & hypothalamus
64
tectal plate pathway for auditory and visual reflexes
69 pyramids descending and ascending tracts
72 interventricular foramen connects lateral & third ventricles; contain choroid plexus & circulates CSF
73 lateral aperture 2 holes in 4th ventricle that allow CSF to flow into subarachnoid space
75
CN I: olfactory nerve carries sense of smell info from nose to brain
77 CN VII: facial nerve innervates muscles of facial expression
78 CN VIII: vestibulocochlear nerve senses sound; essential for balance & movement
79 CN IX: glossopharyngeal nerve taste & controls some muscles for swallowing
80 CN X: vagus nerve sensory, motor and autonomic functions of viscera (glands, digestion, heart rate)
81 accessory nerve (spinal accessory) [CN XI] innervates neck muscles to move head
81 CN XI: accessory nerve (spinal accessory) innervates neck muscles to move head
82 hypoglossal nerve [CN XII] controls tongue movements for speech, & swallowing
82 CN XII: hypoglossal nerve controls tongue movements for speech, & swallowing
83 medulla oblongata cardiovascular & respiratory reflex centers
84 pons pneumotaxic breathing center
85 cerebellum proprioception & smooth movement
81
69
82
80
29
78
77
79
28
30
27
24
6
60
63
5
26
80
13
9
7
8
4
61
79
30
16
83
84
1
2
12
85
45
44
13
4 15
40
6
72
7
35
18 17
16
42
25
3
5
9
8
64
61
11
19 21
30
51
14
61
62
83
84
1
12
2
85
44
45
30
64
9
8
4
3
42
18 16
17
72
75
7
6
40
5
15
13
39 25
14 22
43
4
11 & 61
62
85
84 30
21 16
4
15
\\
8
9
64
12 & 35
83 13
5 40
7
3
72
17
2
18
1
85
83
4
15
51
2
1 84
30
16
8
9
64
12 & 35
13 5
6 3
7
72
17 18
38
11 & 61
11 & 61
62
19
61
51
19
57
50
49
56
21
58
59
23
52 53
54
55
VENTRICLES
10 3
11
72 (bar)
35
13
73
12
35
11
SINUSES
48
47
46
44 42
41
14
43
45
39
24 40