Broadband  for  the  Whole  Community-­‐-­‐  the  escala7ng  demand  for  connec7vity  in    disaster  response    

Jack  Deasy  Director,  Government  Solu7ons      

Emergency  Communica/ons  Workshop  Pacific  Telecommunica/ons  Conference  2015  January  18,  2015  

Promo7ng  a  Whole  Community  approach  

• Transi/on  away  from  top-­‐down  emergency  management  

• FEMA  Whole  Community  principles  • Understand  and  meet  the  actual  needs  of  the  whole  community.  • Engage  and  empower  all  parts  of  the  community.  • Strengthen  what  works  well  in  communi/es  on  a  daily  basis.    

• Community  engagement  to  :  -  iden/fy  ways  to  Increase  community  resilience  in  the  first  72  hours  aPer  a  disaster  -  Promote  faster  return  to  normal  condi/ons  

 

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Hurricane  Sandy,  October  29  2012  NYC  metro  region  

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•  147  people  died  

• millions  without  power  

•  lowest  barometric  pressure  of  a  landfall  north  of  NC  

•  highest  storm  surge  

•  second  costliest  hurricane    ($50-­‐60  billion)  to  hit  US  mainland  (aPer  Katrina)  

•  70%  of  people  order  to  evacuate  in  NYC  did  NOT  do  so  

•  Response  hit  by  ‘fog  of  war’  -  Social  media  misinforma/on  - Mistaken  risk  evalua/on  -  Late  evacua/on  no/ces  

-  Ad  hoc  local  response,  comms  restora/on  key  

Climate  change  making  storms  more  violent,  less  predictable  

West  Africa  Ebola  crisis,  March  2014  -­‐  present  

• Most  widespread  epidemic  of  Ebola  virus  disease  • Affected  Guinea,  Liberia,  Mali,  Nigeria,  Sierra  Leone  and  Senegal  

• Over  21,  000  cases  • Over  8,400  deaths  • Challenging  response  environment  

• Recent  history  of  violence/social  disrup/on  •  Local  customs  and  prac/ces  •  Status  of  local  health  care  networks  • Nature  of  disease/treatment  •  Slow  interna/onal  response  • Wide  geography  of  /isolated  communi/es  

   

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Ebola  virus  epidemic  in  West  Africa  

ICT  for  Ebola  response:  respec7ng  limita7ons…  

• Response  focus  on  treatment  and  preven/ng  transmission    • Contact  tracing  •  Follow  up  •  Social  mobiliza/on  • Public  awareness  

• ShiP  in  ICT  focus  from  command  and  control  to  whole  community  approach  

• Respec/ng  the  exis/ng  technology  ecosystem  -  Liberia:    4%  of  popula/on  have  access  to  Internet/60%    of  popula/on  (2/3rds  of  families)  have  mobile  phones  §  Rural  electrical  net  largely  disrupted  -  Sierra  Leone:    >2  %  have  access  to  internet;  44%  have  mobile  phones  

•  IFRC:  sent  2  million  text  messages/month  about  Ebola  • Nigerian  officials  used  phone  records  to  trace  contact  history  • UNICEF:  SMS-­‐based  polling  • CDC:  focus  on  radio  and  face-­‐to-­‐face  data  management  

• Need  to  ensure  technology  does  NOT  get  in  the  way  of  epidemiology  • Amazon,  Ericcson,  Google  have  given  thousands  of  mobile  phones  that  some  aid  agencies  claim  exceed  data  backhaul  and  electric  grid  capacity  

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…while  leveraging  new  solu7ons  

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• UNMEER  (UN  Mission  for  Ebola  Emergency  Response)’s  innova/ve  response  •  Innova/ve  support  for  humanitarian  organiza/ons  through  its  peacekeeping  communica/ons  network  

• Growing  requirements  for  ability  to  access  higher  bandwidth,  lower  latency  capacity  to  u/lize  HD  video  and  cloud  applica/ons  -  Server-­‐lite  field  installa/ons  to  minimize  exposure/risks  to  teams  in  the  field  

• Using  handheld  devices  and  WI  FI-­‐enabled  networks  to  reach  communi/es  •  500  tablets  allowing  patents  to  Skype  with  rela/ves  outside  Treatment  Center  “red  zones”  •  10,000  smart  phones  to  coordinate  and  feed  data  into  central  repositories    • WI  FI  networks  connected  to  satellite  links  with  solar  powered  generators.  

• Major  humanitarian  response  drive  technology  adop/on  •  2006  Asian  tsunami  accelerated  small  team  satcom    •  2010  Hai/  earthquake  introduced  social  media  •  2012  Superstorm  Sandy:    highlighted  abilty  of  ad  hoc  networks  (VSAT  +  WI  FI)  to  empower  communi/es  

• West  Africa  Ebola  crisis  likely  to  accelerate  adop/on  of  handheld  IP-­‐enabled  end  users  empower  communi/es  •  Smart  communi/es  will  drive  up  bandwidth  demands  for  future  humanitarian  responses  

Crea7ng  ‘Smart  communi7es’  

• Whole  Community  approach  reflects  broader  move  to  networked  society  

• In  past,  restora/on  of  communica/ons  networks  was  a  goal  of  emergency  response  –  today  it  is  a  precondi/on  

• Providing  disaster  affected  communi/es  with  the  communica/ons  infrastructure  to  u/lize  handheld  WI-­‐Fi  enabled  devices  turns  ‘vic/ms’  into  ‘responders’  

• Accelera/ng  demand  for  connec/vity  makes  yesterday’s  innova/ve  solu/on  today’s  second-­‐best  op/ons  

• Tradi/onal  satellite  solu/ons  deliver  for  command  and  control  for  response  teams  • Satellite  phones  and  MSS  solu/on  provide  hundreds  of  kbps  for  ‘first  in’  teams  

• VSATs  deliver  several  tens  of  Mbps  for  early  relief  efforts    

• Connec/vity  for  Whole  Community  restora/on  will  require  hundreds  of  Mbps  of  fiber-­‐quality  broadband  

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O3b  Networks:    bringing  broadband  to  smart  communi7es  worldwide    

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High  Throughput    Up  to  1.6  Gbps  per  beam  Low  Latency     Roundtrip  latency  of  less  then  150msec  enabling:  

•  Crystal  clear  voice  and  HD  video  •  Ultra-­‐fast  response  /me      •  Use  of  cloud  based  applica/ons    

Low  Cost     Up  to  30%  more  affordable  Flexibility     Steerable  beams  provide  global  coverage  Scalable    From  100  Mbps  to  1.6  Gbps  

MEO:  8,062km  al7tude  

Innova7ve  satellite  constella7on  delivering  superior,  faster  and  more  affordable  connec7vity  

‘Fiber  in  the  Sky’  across  the  Pacific  

• O3b  now  has  over  20Gbps  of  contracted  capacity  globally  •  4.7Gbps  is  in  the  Pacific  Region  

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   Pacific  Regional  Customers  

   Telecom  Cook  Islands  

   Hitron  

   Digicel  Pacific  

   Timor  Telecom  

   FSM  Telecommunica/ons                Corpora/on  

   Norfolk  Telecom  

   Palau  Equipment  Co  Inc.  

   Palau  Na/onal          Communica/ons  Corpora/on      American  Samoa        Telecommunica/ons  Authority      Solomon  Telekom  Company        Ltd  

   SpeedCast  

Malaysia  

East  Timor  

Palau   Micronesia  

Nauru  

Solomon  Islands  

Norfolk  

American  Samoa  

Samoa  

Cook  Islands  

Port  Moresby    1  &  2  

Lae  &  Mt.  Hagen  

Kiriba7  

Smart  communi7es:    connected  =  empowered  

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• Superstorm  Sandy  and  the  West  Africa  Ebola  crisis  demonstrate  the  power  of  user-­‐friendly  technology  to  reconnect  and  empower  communi/es  

• Technologies  for  power  genera/on  and  fiber-­‐like  connec/vity  will  be  cri/cal  to  enabling  this  technology    

• In  the  future,  communi/es  facing  disaster  response  situa/ons  will  be  looking  for  their  communica/ons  providers  to  support    the  “smart  communi/es”  approach  

• Requires  rapid  restora/on  of  significant  fiber-­‐like  broadband  connec/vity  to  the  Cloud  is  now  a  requirement  for  whole  community  response.  

• Access  technologies  such  as  Wi  FI,  WI  MAX,  3G  and  4G/LTE  mobile  wireless  solu/ons  will  allow  everyday  technologies  to  accelerate  a  return  to  normal.  

• O3b’s  fiber-­‐in-­‐the-­‐sky  broadband  solu/ons  will  play  a  cri/cal  role  in  areas  where  backhaul  connec/vity  is  significantly  disrupted.