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Building Connected Market Solutions in Ghana

As-is Assessment – Stakeholders Workshop

Tuesday 5th March, 2019

Photographer Name, CGAP Photo Contest

© CGAP 2018

Project Status

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JAN

As-Is Assessment Report

FEB MAR MAY JUN

Implementation Scenarios & Best Practices Report Final Report &

Recommended Work-plan

Stakeholders Workshop

Implementation Scenarios Validation

Workshop

We are here!

2

© CGAP 2018

Workshop Objective

3

Objectives and Expected Outcomes of the Workshop

Discussion

Inputs

• Validation of selected use-cases• Inputs on use cases and their value chains• Inputs on how can they be optimized?

• What is Connected Market Solution?• How can it unlock opportunities?• Key insights from this phase• Discussion on selected use-cases (Breakout Sessions)

Way Forward

• Summary of workshop• Next steps

© CGAP 2018

4

Agenda

9:00 Registration & Coffee/Tea

9:30 Opening Remarks & Participant Introductions

10:00 Insights from Connected Markets Diagnostic

11:30 Breakout – 1 & Report Back

13:00 Lunch

14:00 Breakout – 2 & Report Back

15:30 Next Steps & Wrap Up

© CGAP 2018

1Introduction

© CGAP 2018

Ghana is one of the fastest growing economies in Africa..

3000

4000

5000

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017G

DP

Per

ca

pita

,PP

P (

in

curr

ent U

S$

Increasing trend of GDP per capita over the past 5 years-World Bank

Data6.94% CAGR

Mobile Phone penetration

(% of population)

Internet Users(% of population)

2012 2017

99% 136%

2012 2017

10% 34.3%

6 years

6 years One of the few countries to have completely digitized G2G payments and nearly fully digitized

G2P payments

100%

6

Source: BTCA Country Diagnostic Ghana, 2017, 2018 Mobile Report: Jumia

Ghana’s economy projected to grow at a rate of 7.3% in 2019 underpinned by a steady growth in the services sector

- African Development Bank

Second fastest growing economy in Africa in 2017 with a GDP growth rate of 8.5% in 2017

- The World Bank

UN e-Government Development

Index

0.539

2nd highest in Africa

© CGAP 2018

...with notable strides in digitizing payments...

*Data Source: Payment Systems Oversight, Report, Bank of Ghana,2017* The number of EMI agents has grown over 5 times according to latest statistics available on Bank of Ghana website

7

30354045

20132014201520162017Cur

renc

y in

ci

rcul

atio

n as

%

of li

quid

ass

ets

Year

Cash in the economy declining due to Government’s intent

Decreasing dependence on cash

~5x~8.6x

Number of EMI agents increased more than 5 times from 2015 to 2018

Increase in Financial Access touchpoints

Volume of mobile money transactions increased more than 8.6 times

(from 113.18 mn transactions in 2014 to 981.56 million in 2017*)

Increase in volume of Mobile money services

~2.5x

Number of ATMs and POS terminals increased more than 2.5 times from 2015 to 2017

(from 912 in Dec’15 to 2044 Dec’17*)

Increase in Financial Access touchpoints

© CGAP 2018

…and the necessary foundation to leapfrog to an inclusive and boundary-less ecosystem.

8

National ID System

National Address System

Interoperability

Connected

Market Solution

“Virtual, boundary-less and secure solution

ensemble”

With the existing readiness, Ghana will be one of the few countries in the world to provide superior value and services to its citizens…

• Ghana payments ecosystem is interoperable

• Unified QR Code and “Proxy Pay” will be transformational for Ghana

• Path breaking initiative to have both (EMI-EMI and EMI-Bank) interoperability

• Uniquely identify every address in the country

• Address is deduced till the detailed level of post codes

• Provide access to small business owners and rural citizens

• Single source of truth and identity

• Biometric and demographic data is seeded for social programs and financial accounts

• Required regulations and policies are in place

© CGAP 2018

Maturity of enablers in Ghana sets the stage for Connected Market Solutions...

9

2. Digital Content

3. Digital Payments

1. Digital Identity

4. Digital Authorization

“A universal biometric digital identity allows people to

participate in any service from anywhere in the country”

“Digital records tagged with digital identity,

eliminating the need for massive amount of paper

collection and storage”

“Allows for data to move freely and securely to prime

the market for informed consent with ease and

convenience of the citizen”“A single interoperable

interface to all the country's bank accounts, mobile

money accounts and wallets to democratize payments”

© CGAP 2018

…with visible benefits to be realized…

10

02 Central and secure ecosystem for all stakeholders

Scalable & Robust

04 Leveraging common infrastructure by three enablers

Shared Infrastructure

05Test bed for industry for customer centric

solutions

Product Innovation

03Single source of truth for better governance

Enhanced Visibility

01Open integration procedures & protocols

Open APIs

© CGAP 2018

11

1. “Digital Identity” Layer

Feat

ures

& E

nabl

ers

Use

Cas

es

Unlocking Opportunities

Unique Identity

Verifiable Address

Open Technology Platform

Features

Digital KYC

Government e-Services

Travel & Immigration

Voting

e-Citizenship

• 1500+ services availed like health insurance, tax claims, e-prescriptions

• 31.7% of the votes cast electronically in 2017

• More than 40,000 e-residents enrolled

• Over 4,000 companies registered by e-residents

Estonia

“Transforming citizen services through their integrated National ID on the digital backbone of X-Road”Enablers

Public Sector Interventions Private Sector Interventions

• Initiated by the Estonian Certification authority (managing population registry)

• Agreement with mobile service providers for authentication services based on National ID

• Mobile authentication services exchange facilitated by mobile operators

• The technical infrastructure had a contribution of mobile operators

© CGAP 2018

12

2. “Digital Content” Layer

Use

Cas

es


Dematerialized Documents

Authenticated & Authorized

Partner Ecosystem

Features

Access identity documents

Store educational certificates

Refer Income Tax Returns

Access to financial services providers

• 1.9 bn Vehicle Registration Certificates and over 900 mndriving licenses available

• Almost 300,000 registered users of DigiLocker• Over 210 types of digital documents• The partner ecosystem has 59 issuers and 22

requesters with Railways, RTO, Universities, Banks amongst partners

India

“DigiLocker by Govt. of India is a digital space for every citizen to have 24x7 digital access to documents”Enablers


Ease of document sharing

Feat

ures

& E

nabl

ers

• Piloted launched the integration of many MDAs (such as DVLA, Railways, etc.) with the DigiLocker

• Issued norms for private players to obtain licenses to operate digital lockers.

• Many private sector banks (ICICI Bank, KMB, etc.) have adopted DigiLocker to go paperless

• DigiLocker integrated and accessed through internet banking and its credentials.

© CGAP 2018

13

3. “Digital Payments” Layer

Use

Cas

es


Payments across networks

Interoperable unique identifier

Inclusive and channel agnostic

Features

Push Payments

Proxy Pay

Biometric based Payments

Pull payments

Tap-and-pay

• Digital payments grew by 60% in the last 5 years• Mobile banking transactions went from 377,000 to 28 mn

from 2012 to 2017• BiM has enabled interoperability of 7,500+ agents, 2,700

ATMs and 600+ branches to provide services • Reducing dependence on cash through decline in ATM

withdrawals

Peru

“Peru launched the first interoperable mobile money platform in the world with almost 25 FSPs on the platform”

Enablers


Feat

ures

& E

nabl

ers

• Partnered with 30+ financial institutions and mobile networks to create interoperable payments system.

• Formed a consortium of the country’s major banks, telecom providers and technology companies formed

• Bespoke services were developed by each participating entity to compete for market share on the platform.

© CGAP 2018

14

4. “Digital Authorization” Layer

Use

Cas

es


On demand consent

User controlled data sharing and flow

Granting access to registered entities

Features

Authorizing Payments

Authorizing Tax Filing

Government attestation of documents

National ID based Digital signature

Digital storage, sharing and access of documents

• High-security digital signature with convenientmobile signing

• More than 3 mn citizens have access to mobile authentication in Norway

• The system is used by almost 900 public agencies and gives access to more than 2000 digital services.

• Nearly 4.4 mn people use electronic ID to access services digitally.

Norway

“Norway is the highlight of usage of digital authentication measures such as e-sign, mobile signatures and BankID from private entities”Enablers


Apply for various financial services digitally

• A collaborative identity and e-singing mechanism between the National Identity Authority of Norway and all the public and private sector banks

• BankID is being used as an e-signing and identification mechanism for a wide range of services including public services

• BankID is issued by all the public and private sector banks

Feat

ures

& E

nabl

ers

© CGAP 2018

…supported by state-of-the-art functional architecture…

Payment Aggregators

ExpressPay IT Consortium Zeepay

….

National ID Infra Other Infra

NIA Ghana Post GPS

Agents (Bank and Non-Bank)

Bank Branches

ATMs/ Micro-ATMs/ POS

Citizens & Businesses

STK/

CBS

/Sw

itche

s

Touch-Points

Financial Service Providers

MDAs/ MMDAs

….

Merchant Partners

….

Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA)

Ghana Water Company Limited

Electricity Company of Ghana

Driver & Vehicle Licensing Authority

MMDAs

….

MFIs EMIs Ghana Post Banks

Complex one-to-one integration

Manual Processes & Interaction

….

National IT Agency

Fore

ign

Car

d Sc

hem

es

Payments Infrastructure

….

Bank of Ghana

GhIPSS

Card scheme

GACH

gh-link switch

CCC

GIP eComm

GIS

e-zwich

GePP

Third Party

Switches

Web/mobile

15

© CGAP 2018

16

…ensuring Ghana’s readiness for its digital leap...

16

• Almost 500,000 citizens registered • Completion expected by December 2019

• 1.3 mn digital addresses generated• 570,000 downloads of the app

• 8.3 mn transactions 2.4 mn e-zwich cards • 41,700 GIP transactions (GHS 83 mn)

• Chip based card (14 applets) with multiple application opportunities

• APIs piloted for KYC

• MOU signed with 13 MDAs

• All APIs should be published for learning curve of implementation

• Test bed for enrolling user agencies/ partners

• ID authenticated digital address – home and business

• Emergency services – police, fire and ambulance

• Unlocks use cases such as delivery, logistics, transport, etc.

• Single address to the same location

• Extend to more channels apart from smartphones and web

• Interoperability within all FSPs and e-zwich

• Robust and scalable switch (9000 TPS)

• Ready solution stack with planned innovations

• APIs are published

• Competitive pricing of services

• Standardize infrastructure for e-zwich

• Third party schemes to be included by gh-link

Accolades

Way Forward

Accolades

Way Forward

Accolades

Way Forward

© CGAP 2018

17

…illustrated through a use case leveraging harmonized layers of CMS.

Capital Float is a small micro-finance company which targets more than 12 million small and medium businesses and underserved segments for short-term loans in India, at low operating costs

Consent Data Profiling Credit analysis Selection & Paperwork Disbursement

Digital Authorization

Digital Identity

Digital Identity

Digital Content & Authorization

Digital Payments & Content

new customers every month

increased partner sales

consumers catered who are new-to-credit

15,000 30% 40%

Authentication mechanism (OTP or e-sign)

Informed consent for access to data in govt systems (such as NIA, Income Tax, etc.)

Connected open APIs pull the demographic profile and relevant information post consent

Leverages govt. systems and local device data like bank SMS history, recharge information, card swipes,

The customer gets the credit options on his app, from which he selects

He authorizes the selection using his e-sign and gets the loan documents in his DigiLocker

The loan is disbursed through a Collect request (pull payments) directly into the customers bank account

© CGAP 2018

Connected Market Solutions unlock opportunities for the government….

People

Process

Technology

Governance

Optimize processes

Open systems for integration

Augment the payers base

Increase revenue collection

Enhance TAT and efficiency

National ID and digital address to ensure that there are no leakages

Manual and redundant steps are removed or digitized through Digital Content & Authorization

layer

Accelerating enablement of

services

Systems with Open APIs for information exchange and

processing

360o view of entities and processes

Enables better monitoring and

tracking

Single identifier for entities and signing authorities with a

consolidated view

18

© CGAP 2018

…citizens…

People

Process

Technology

Governance

Instant service fulfilment

Multiple options for payments

Ease and convenience

Timely On-the-Go payments

Higher adoption of digital layers

National ID and interoperability to give options of channels and instruments

National ID and digital address to be linked with customer information

in a central repository

Affordable payments

Uniform and consistent experience available on different platforms and

channels

Simple access and

communication

Infusing greater responsibility

Single identifier for entities and signing authorities with a

consolidated view

19

© CGAP 2018

…and private industry partners in the ecosystem.

People

Process

Technology

Governance

Collaboration with complementing

partners

Fostering Product

innovation

Customer Delight

Increase market share & loyalty

Reducing customer

acquisition cost

Gamut of services and solutions can be provided by leveraging all layers

Ease of collaboration with various ecosystem partners through

National ID and interoperability

Customized products & services

All layers can be leveraged to create customer-centric products and services

Simple and efficient

application

Enhanced visibility and transparency

Information exchange from National ID database to ensure compliance

20

© CGAP 2018

2Connected Markets Diagnostic

© CGAP 2018

…indicates near 100% digitization of major G2P payments…

• Nearly 100% ofSocial Welfare payments

• All LEAP payments are disbursed through thee-zwich card

100%

• Almost 100% digitization of major G2P payment streams100%

• Increase of 26% in the number of e-zwich cards in 2017

• Strong government intent to disburse government payments digitally

↑26%

Government to Person Payment Streams

Salary Payments

Social Welfare Payments

Pension Payments

22

© CGAP 2018

Our approach for the As-is study…

ID & address SystemsFinancial Sector RegulationsFinancial Sector disbursement points

Payment SystemsGovernmentPayment Streams

UnderstandPayments Process

Identifyprospectivechanges &enablers

Plug gaps usingConnected Market

Solutions

Research Scope Research Tools

Secondary Research

Exhaustive Secondary research on:

• Country Specific parameters

• Payment Infrastructure

• Supply side pricing structures

• Government Scheme Research

• Existing Reports & documents

• Government specificscheme documents

• CGAP and World Bank Studies

• Knowledge sources

Primary

Research

• Meetings and discussions withthe stakeholders.

• Extract information and filled gaps from secondary research.

• Questionnaires/Surveys

• Interviews

• Observations and field trials

23

© CGAP 2018

Digitization is focused on high profile initiatives

…with a ‘missing middle’ in government digitization initiatives…

24

Teacher Trainee Allowance

Nursing Trainee Allowance

NABCO LEAP National Service Scheme

• DVLA fees payment

• GAMA Project beneficiary contributions

• NHIS membership renewal

• (YEA) beneficiary payments

• Ghana Social Opportunities Project (GSOP) Beneficiary Payments

• Ghana Immigration Services

• Food and Drugs Administration

• Accra Metropolitan Assembly

• Ghana Police Service

• Births and Deaths Registry

• Ghana Tourism Authority

• Judicial Service of Ghana

• Minerals Commission

• National Communication Authority

• Public Procurement Authority

• NITA

• Registrar General’s Department

Other Digitization Opportunities

Reduced Costs

Increased Efficiencies

Account Uptake

Collective Impact of digitizing other G2P stremenas

© CGAP 2018

25

…represented by a Cocobod payments use case…

The Ghana Cocoa Board (Cocobod) is a government-controlled institution that focuses on production, research, extension, marketing, pricing and quality control for cocoa01

In 2017, Cocobod purchased 970 thousand tonnes of cocoa through licensed buying companies

(LBCs). This amounted to ~USD1.8 billion in earnings (3rd highest forex earner for Ghana after

oil)02

§ Cocobod is planning to digitize three types of stipends they make to farmers in the next 2-3 years:

§ Stipends for inputs

§ Stipends for farm rehabilitation

§ Stipends to replace moribund trees03

Cocobod also planning to develop a digital profile of close to 1 million cocoa farmers04

LBCs are also exploring digitizing direct payments to farmers, with at least 5 major companies

trialing digital payments this season05

© CGAP 2018

26

…showcasing the future state of realization of digitization benefits…

Cocobod

Licensed Buying Company

DM

PC PC

Farmer 1

Farmer N

DM

PC PC

Farmer 1

Farmer N

DM

PC PC N

Farmer 1

Farmer N

All incoming and outgoing

payments digital

District Managers: Receipts digital,

outgoing payments digital

Farmers: All receipts & some

expenditures digital

Digital profiling leads to better cocoa traceability, which positively impacts price and quality

Digitization of payment allows Cocobod to recover any credit given to farmers for production support

Digitized payments cut cash-related losses for the LBCs (an average ~2% of revenue/year)

Benefits

© CGAP 2018

…and also further optimization of other usecases by CMS interventions.

27

Agent

HOLD

SSNIT

Central Agent Gateway

NIA

EMI/Bank Account

1. Anne navigates to the online application module on the SSNIT website or mobile app

3. The online application summary is validated and corrected by Anne

4. SSNIT waits for Anne to go to the nearest authentication access point and verify her identity

5. Anne receives an SMS notification to go to the nearest access point for biometric authentication

6. The request is passed through the Central Agent Gateway to the NIA servers for authentication

7. NIA sends back the response after authentication of identity

8. The response is sent to SSNIT for completing the pension registration process

OK

9. SSNIT accepts the pension application

10. Anne selects the pension product and authorizes it digitally

11. The pension amount is transferred to the National ID linked EMI/Bank account of Anne

12. Anne receives the notification of credit of pension amount

Digital IdentityDigital ContentDigital PaymentsDigital Authentication

2. Anne provides consent to SSNIT for accessing her data and documents

13. Anne receives the updated pension documents in her government authorized digital store

© CGAP 2018

The study also identifies opportunities in major P2G payment streams...

Key P2G Payments Types

Existing Payment Channels

Web

Mobile *

Agent

MDA Counter

Government Departments

Bill Payments: Electricity/WaterFees & Fines to Govt. Taxes Social Security

Contributions

As compared to G2P payments, only 27% of all P2G payments are digitized

* Planned

28

Nil/Minimal Less Moderate High

Degree of usage of payment channels

© CGAP 2018

…through data points on statistics and electronic uptake

of P2G payments…

*Data Source: BTCA Country Diagnostic 2017 Report

1%

72%

26%

1%

8%

34%

57%

1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

Fees & Fines

to Govt.

Bill Payments:

Electricity/Water

Taxes

Social Security

Contributions

Volume and Value analysis of P2G Payment streams (as a % of total P2G payments)

Value of

Monthly

Transactions

Volume of

Monthly Transactions

P

P

PP

P Revenue Opportunity

29

Percentage of digital payments (under each payment head)

0.6%

18%

35%

3%

© CGAP 2018

• 150,000 monthly transactions worth GHS 7.5 mn

• 1.35 mn (18%) worth of transactions are electronic

• 81,000 members with People’s Pension Trust

• 33% paying through mobile money pilot

• 80% of the population uses public utility services

• 1.5% of electricity paymentsare electronic

• 60% of Ghana Water payments are in cash

• Many pilots for digitization underway, but adoption is a challenge

• Many Mobile Money & Aggregator pilots

• Back to School initiative with MTN (100+ schools)

• 800,000 payments annually• Electronic payments for fees and fines

are 3% by volume and 16% by value

• 5% of Ghanaians pay taxes• Revenue expectations due to increased

compliance and a reduction in exemptions

• Small retailers evade taxes or under-declare

• Mobile app pilot is envisaged for greater inclusion and convenience

…providing a summary of P2G payments analysis.

30

Data Source: BTCA Country Diagnostic 2017 Report, Payment System & Statistics, 2017

Volume

Value

Tax Payments

Bill Payments

Social Security Contribution

Payments

Fees & Fines

© CGAP 2018


Breakout - 1

© CGAP 2018

Value Chain Construct for Bill payment

Customer receives utility bill in physical form

Customer visits the payment counter for bill payment along with the physical bill

Citizen shares the bill with the agent

The vendor/ payment counter fetches the bill value to be paid

Payment of cash partially/completely as per the bill value

The bill is stamped with the amount paid –full/partial mentioned and provided tothe consumer

The bill amount paid is reflected in the next month’s bill

Receipt ofutility bill Visit to vendor/agent User authentication Fetching of bill value Bill Payment Payment

confirmation Reflection of bill paid

Once a month *0-45 minutes based on location **5 minutes 2-5 minutes

Varies on Citizen travel distance to agent/ payment counterNo payment charge for

citizens

Fee paid to vendor/agent by: 0.5%, 3% to bonded cashiers

for rural areas

Citizen: 1 visit for Bill payment *

30 days

32

Duration

Cost

Visits

• Due to travel time, sometimes protracted due to traffic• ** actual activity/process lasts less than 5 mins; rest of the time attributed to waiting

© CGAP 2018

1. Citizen receives electricity bill in physical format

2. Citizen visits the vendor/ payment counter for bill payment

3. Citizen shares the Consumer number

4. The agent fetches the bill value to be paid

5. Citizen makes a payment of cash as per the bill value generated

7. After payment and receipt generation the payment paid is reflected against the consumer ID

(Verification of Consumer number from the department systems)

(Verification of payment from department systems)

6. Generation of hardcopy of receipt payment post verification from the system

(Payment reflection in government accounts)

Agent/Service Center

Process for Bill Payments

33


Questions for discussion:

1) 1. What benefits would accrue to stakeholders as a result of digitization of this payment

stream?

• Government

• Business

• Citizens

2) What are the current obstacles to digitization of this payment stream?

3) Can connected market solutions as presented here address these obstacles? Why or why

not?

4) Should this use case be a priority for government? Why or why not?

• Return on investment (+efficiency, +revenue, -leakage)

• Financial inclusion

• Private sector development

© CGAP 2018

Value Chain Construct for TIN Application

0-1 hour* 2-5 minutes 1 minute 1 week

Citizen travel to GRA office (travel costs) No payment charge for citizens

Citizen: 1 visit for the TIN registration

Duration

36

Citizen is required to visit the GRA office in order to register for his TINIn some cases, there is an enterprise-wide enrolment drive by the GRA officers

Visit the GRA office

The citizen acquires the form from the appropriate counter and fills it up with all the relevant details

Fill up the form

National ID, passport, voters card, or driving licence is provided along with the form for verification of identityNo receipt is provided

Attach ID documents

The TIN is received after proper verifications and checks are ensured by the GRA authorities

Receipt of TIN

Cost

Visits

* Depends upon the distance to the nearest GRA centre

© CGAP 2018

Process for TIN Application

37

1. Citizen visits the GRA office for registering his TIN

2. Citizen fills out his form with the relevant details such as income, employer, etc.

3. The citizen also attaches one of his valid and accepted ID proofs such as driving license, Voter card or National ID

4. The form along with the ID documents are submitted

5. While the applicant (citizen) gets no receipt at the GRA office, the TIN is physically mailed to the citizen


© CGAP 2018

Value Chain Construct for Return Filing

1-2 minutes 5-10 minutes 5 minutes 1 minute 0-1 hour 2 minutes*

Travel cost to GRA office No payment charge for citizens

Citizen: 1-2 visits for the payment of the bill

Duration

38

Print relevant forms from the GRA website

Acquire forms to file tax

Preview your personal revenue streams and compute tax liability using GRA’s tax model

Compute tax liability

Sign and take a copy of the completed forms for personal use

Personal record

The GRA stamps the forms to acknowledge the receipt of the submitted document

Receipt of submission

Cost

Visits

Complete forms with required information such as TIN, SSNIT number

Fill the required tax details

The citizen travels to the GRA office and submits the forms physically

Submit forms

* Depends upon waiting time

© CGAP 2018

Process for Tax Return Filing

39

1. Tax payer fills the relevant forms

2. Tax payer checks his/her personal revenue streams and compute tax liability using GRA’s tax model

3. Payers complete forms with required information such as TIN, SSNIT number

4. Signs and takes a copy of the completed forms for personal use

5. Tax payer travels to the GRA office and submits the forms physically

6. The GRA stamps the forms to acknowledge the receipt of the submitted document


© CGAP 2018

Value Chain Construct for Tax Payments

Login to the GRA

portal through the

TIN and password

Amongst the various

accounts/ tax types

against the PIN, user

selects the type of

tax to be paid

The user is

redirected to Ghana

ePayments Portal

page on confirmation

of tax type to pay

User can select the

mode to pay

amongst cash/

cheque, cards,

eTranzact and Bank

Transfers

The citizen is

expected to visit the

nearest GRA office

and pay his taxes

cash / cheque

The citizen makes

the payment online

through available

options (eTranzact,

cards, bank

transfers, etc.)

A payment

confirmation with

receipt is received by

the user

Login to the GRA

portal

Select transaction to

payRedirects to GePP

Select the mode of

payment

If cash/ cheque, visit

GRA Office

If electronic, make

online payment

Receive the

transaction receipt

1 minute 1 minute 30 seconds 30 seconds 0-1 hour 1 minute

Travel cost to GRA office* No fee charged by GePP to payersStandard charges may be levied for

using online mode

Citizen: 1 visit for making payments in

cash/ cheque

40

Duration

Cost

Visits

* If being paid in cash or cheque

1 minute

© CGAP 2018

1. Citizen visits the GRA website for online payment of taxes

2. Enters his TIN and password to access his profile and details

3. Selects the type of tax liability that he wishes to pay for

4. Selects the period for which he wishes to pay taxes for

5. Redirection to GePP website for tax payments

6. Summary of tax liability to pay is shown to the citizen

6. Citizen can select from various options to pay

Which mode used for payment?

7(a)(i) Cash/ Cheque payment option selected from GePP website

Electronic payments

GRA Office

7(a)(ii) Visit the nearest GRA Office to pay taxes in cash or cheque

7(b) Pay through electronic means i.e. cards, eTranzact, Bank Transfer etc.

10. Receipt for the payment of tax

9. Confirmation notification for payment

Process for Tax Payments

41


Questions for discussion:

1) 1. What benefits would accrue to stakeholders as a result of digitization of this payment

stream?

• Government

• Business

• Citizens

2) What are the current obstacles to digitization of this payment stream?

3) Can connected market solutions as presented here address these obstacles? Why or why

not?

4) Should this use case be a priority for government? Why or why not?

• Return on investment (+efficiency, +revenue, -leakage)

• Financial inclusion

• Private sector development

© CGAP 2018

Next Steps

44

Expectations

• New scenarios for selected G2P & P2G payment value chains

• Possible Connected Market Solution interventions

Inputs & Validation from Stakeholders

• Structured and specific feedback on selected G2P & P2G payment value chains

• Opinions on the implementation of Connected Market Solutions in Ghana