BY JASON LESE

Cardiomyopathy

What is Cardiomyopathy? (CMP)

Deterioration of heart muscleBecomes enlarged, thick or rigid

Scar tissuePumping blood becomes more difficult,

electrical rhythm can get off beat.CMP can lead to heart failure, arrhythmias,

and heart valve problems

Where does it come from?! :P

CMP can be inherited Parents give it to you via a gene. Mistakes/errors in genes may result in CMP.

Can also be acquired Other diseases and conditions can cause CMP Examples:

High blood pressure Heart tissue problem from previous heart attack Pregnancy Nutritional deficiencies. Abuse of cocaine or anti-depressants Excessive use of alcohol

However, most of the time the cause of CMP is unknown.

Types: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated CMP can be caused by a few medical problems

Most common formCommon age range: 20-60Affects atria and ventriclesStarts in left ventricle,

stretches it out and thinsHeart cannot pump, will

result in heart failureCan also result in heart

valve problems, blood clots and arrhythmias.

Types: Hypertrophic CMP

Hypertrophic CMP is passed down genetically

1:500, men and women equally

Common cause for cardiac arrest in young people

Walls of ventricles (left) thicken; difficult to fill with blood.

Different things can happen from here: Blocks blood flow Harm mitral valve: backflow Nonobstructive Hypertrophic

Restrictive CMP

Restrictive CMP is caused by amyliodosis

Found in older adultsAtria enlarged

because ventricles cannot fill up

Walls stiff, not thickBlood flow reducedCauses arrhythmias

and heart failure

What is it? Jose Cuervo Especial

Comes from long term abuse of alcohol

Toxic effects of alcohol on heart muscle Cannot pump

Leads to heart failure

Alcohol Cardiomyopathy

Signs and Symptoms

Some people never experience the symptomsSymptoms of heart failure:

Shortness of breath Fatigue Swelling in ankles, feet, legs or abdomen. Swelling in veins of the neck

Other symptoms related to CMP: Dizziness Lightheadedness Fainting during physical activity Chest pain Arrhythmias Heart murmur

Medication (for dilated CMP)

Other treatments

ACE inhibitorsDiureticsBeta blockers

Iatrogenic/implanted pacemakers

Coronary artery bypass

Stem cells Does it work?

Heart transplants Last resort

Lifestyle changes

Treatment

Treatment: Ventricular Assist Device

Can be used short-term or long-term.

Assist right or left ventricle Sometimes both

Pumps blood out of ventricle, into aorta

Cable controls unit; sticks out of abdomen

Treatment: Defibrillators

Ventricular fibrillation Rapid, erratic heart

beatsElectrical device:

Shocks heart to a stopHeart rhythmically

corrects

Homework: Broken Heart Syndrome

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

Weakening of heart muscle caused by emotional stress

Can you die of a broken heart?

Bibliography

"What Is Cardiomyopathy?" - NHLBI, NIH. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Feb. 2013.

"Cardiomyopathy." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 28 Feb. 2013. Web. 28 Feb. 2013.

"What Is Cardiomyopathy?" What Is Cardiomyopathy. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Feb. 2013.

"Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 20 Feb. 2013. Web. 28 Feb. 2013.

Staff, Mayo Clinic. "Definition." Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 02 Mar. 2012. Web. 28 Feb. 2013.

"Dilated Cardiomyopathy: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia." U.S National Library of Medicine. U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. 28 Feb. 2013.

CNN. Cable News Network, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2013.