c basics course material_version1.3_updated.pdf

8/17/2019 C Basics Course Material_Version1.3_updated.pdf

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1. Tell the students why we need to know about programming ( machine language )

2. Show them a simple compilation flow from c file to hex file ( IDE integrated

development environment)

preprocessor (txt.c) – compiler (txt.o , .asm) – linker ( txt.exe , .hex)

1. Show them the Structure of the C file from #include to functions bodies if any


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In windows:

int 4 bytes

Short 2 bytes

char 1 byte

float 4 bytes

long 4 bytes

double 8 bytes


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Naming Convention: You have to stick to a clear naming convention in order to make

your code readable, for example:

Char u8NumOfEmployess

Long u16Salary

int _myAge


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For Example

If (x==y) depends on if x really equals to y, but in the other hand if (x=y) it will depend

on the value of y if it is equal to 0 so the evaluation is false else it is true.

int x = 1; int y = 0; if (x=y) False,

int x = 1; int y = 10; if (x=y) True.

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Short circuit: The evaluation of an expression is discontinued if the value of a

conditional expression can be determined early. Be careful of any side effects in the

code.

Examples:

(3==3) || ((c=getchar())==’y’). The second expression is not evaluated.

(0) && ((x=x+1)>0) . The second expression is not evaluated.

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Notes:

- AND is true only if both operands are true.

- OR is true if any operand is true.

- XOR is true if only one of the operand is true.

- Shift Left by x equal multiplication by 2 power to x

- Shift Right by x equal divide by 2 power to x

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As a rule, the compiler promotes each term in an binary expression to the highest

precision operand.

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Show the student a simple program that takes a number from the Keyboard and then

display it back on the screen (Echo)

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A common pattern in C (and in most programming) languages is the following: if (

cond ) x=;

else

x=;

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Give the Students a program that has al logical error and tell them to debug and

know the error source :

#include

#include

int main()

{

int value,i;

printf("value before for loop is %d \n",value);

for(i=0;i


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Give the student a simple initialization example

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Give the student a simple initialization example

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U can repeat any of the prev examples using functions

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What is the scope of each variable in this example?

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The compiler always reference the variable from the private scope first then the outer

scope

So first it will print 10, and then 25 line is printed.

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Use multiple files in the project

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St_employee : St stands for structure type (to increase readability)

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S_employee : S stands for structure type (to increase readability)

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S_employee : S stands for structure type (to increase readability)

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Exercise on all typedefs

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The preprocessor operation : is a stage before compilation to handle the preprocess

keywords like #define, #include, #ifdef, and #ifndef.

Simply it does some text replacement, addition, deletion on the code depending of

the used keywords before the compilation.

Other keywords will be explained later with the convenient context.

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c basics course material_version1.3_updated.pdf

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